CN115191185A - Transmitting tube structure for high-speed seed emission and seed metering disc device for unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a transmitting tube structure for transmitting seeds at a high speed and a seed metering disc device for an unmanned aerial vehicle, belonging to the technical field; solves the problems that the emission speed of nut seeds or capsule seeds is low and the seeds can not penetrate deep soil in the prior art. The launching tube structure is arranged on a seed sowing plate device for the unmanned aerial vehicle; the launching tube structure comprises a launching tube, a launching tube hoop, a launching tube support arm and a triangular support, wherein the triangular support is fixedly connected with a seed metering disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle; the launching tube is fixed at one end of the launching tube hoop, the other end of the launching tube hoop is fixedly connected with one end of the launching tube support arm, and the other end of the launching tube support arm is fixedly connected with the triangular support; the launching tube is arranged below the seed sowing disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle and corresponds to the spraying port of the seeds; a first accelerating inclined tube is arranged on the transmitting tube; the first accelerating inclined tube is communicated with a first-stage high-pressure air source arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle. The invention realizes the high-speed emission and seed sowing of nut seeds and capsule seeds of economic crops.

Description

Launching tube structure for high-speed seed launching and seed metering disc device for unmanned aerial vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aerial seeding, in particular to a transmitting tube structure for transmitting seeds at a high speed and a seed metering disc device for an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background

Along with the development of unmanned aerial vehicle technique, be used for spraying insecticide in farmland, orchard etc. with unmanned aerial vehicle more among the prior art, unmanned aerial vehicle laxative technique obtains quick popularization and development, has been accepted by many planting households.

In addition, there are also prior art unmanned aerial vehicles used in the field of seed sowing, for example, grass seeds are sown, or seeds and fertilizer are mixed and thrown out through a throwing disc.

In the prior art, grass seeds or seeds are thrown out through the throwing disc, so that seeding can be caused, and accurate seeding cannot be realized. In addition, for the hard shell nut seeds, the emission speed is relatively low when the seeds are thrown out, so that the seeds are sowed on the surface of soil, and the germination and later growth of the seeds are influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a transmitting tube structure for transmitting seeds at a high speed and a seed plate device for an unmanned aerial vehicle, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the transmitting speed of nut seeds or capsule seeds is low and the seeds cannot penetrate deep into the soil.

The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:

on one hand, the invention provides a transmitting tube structure for transmitting seeds at a high speed, which is arranged on a seed sowing plate device for an unmanned aerial vehicle;

the launching tube structure comprises a launching tube, a launching tube hoop, a launching tube support arm and a triangular support, wherein the triangular support is fixedly connected with a seed metering disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle;

the launching tube is fixed at one end of the launching tube hoop, the other end of the launching tube hoop is fixedly connected with one end of the launching tube support arm, and the other end of the launching tube support arm is fixedly connected with the triangular support; the launching tube is arranged below the seed sowing disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle and corresponds to the spraying port of the seeds;

the launching tube is provided with a first accelerating inclined tube; the first accelerating inclined tube is communicated with a first-stage high-pressure air source arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle.

In one possible design, a second acceleration inclined pipe is arranged below the first acceleration inclined pipe and is communicated with a second-stage high-pressure air source arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle;

along the flowing direction of the high-pressure gas, the included angle between the axial direction of the second acceleration inclined tube and the axial direction of the launching tube is smaller than the included angle between the axial direction of the first acceleration inclined tube and the axial direction of the launching tube;

the pressure of the high-pressure gas of the second-stage high-pressure gas source is greater than that of the high-pressure gas of the first-stage high-pressure gas source.

In one possible design, the emitter tube structure for high speed seed emission is used for nut seed emission, and/or for seed capsule emission for cash crop seeds.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a seed metering disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises the transmitting tube structure for transmitting the seeds at a high speed; the seed plate device for the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a seed plate unit;

the seed plate unit comprises a seed plate, a gas distribution shaft and a negative pressure joint;

the interior of the seed discharging disc is provided with a cavity, the seed discharging disc comprises an annular outer ring surface, an annular inner ring surface, a first disc surface and a second disc surface, a first cover plate is arranged at the first disc surface of the seed discharging disc, and the second disc surface of the seed discharging disc is open; seed scoops are arranged on the outer ring surface of the seed discharging disc at equal intervals, first air holes are formed in the bottoms of the seed scoops, and the seed scoops are communicated with the inner ring surface through the corresponding first air holes; the aperture of the seed spoon is larger than that of the corresponding first air hole;

the air distribution disc is arranged in the cavity of the seed metering disc, and the outer ring surface of the air distribution disc is attached to the inner ring surface of the seed metering disc; the centers of the first cover plates of the air distribution disc and the seed sowing disc are both provided with center holes, and an air distribution shaft penetrates through the center holes; the air distribution plate comprises a negative pressure capture area and a normal pressure area;

one end of the air distribution shaft is an open end, the other end of the air distribution shaft is a closed end, the open end of the air distribution shaft is connected with the negative pressure joint, a plurality of vent grooves are formed in the air distribution shaft, and the air distribution shaft is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area of the air distribution disc through the vent grooves;

the negative pressure joint is connected with a negative pressure machine, and the negative pressure machine sucks air from the negative pressure capturing area through the negative pressure joint and the vent grooves on the air distribution shaft to form negative pressure so that seeds are adsorbed in the seed spoon.

In one possible design, the seed metering disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle further comprises a driving unit; the driving unit can drive the seed discharging disc to rotate;

the gas distribution plate comprises a plate body, a shaft hole step, a second cover plate, an adjusting partition plate, a fixed partition plate, a high-pressure gas step and a high-pressure gas joint;

the plate body is nested in the cavity of the seed plate, and the outer ring surface of the plate body is attached to the inner ring surface of the seed plate; the shaft hole step is arranged at the center of the disc body, the second cover plate is provided with a central hole, and the central hole is attached to the outer shaft surface of the shaft hole step; the gas distribution shaft penetrates through the shaft hole step and the central hole in the second cover plate;

the shaft hole step is provided with a plurality of through grooves and a plurality of non-through grooves, the through grooves correspond to the ventilating grooves on the gas distribution shaft in position and are communicated with each other, the adjusting partition plate and the fixed partition plate are arranged on the disc body, one end of the adjusting partition plate is inserted into the non-through grooves, and one end of the fixed partition plate is fixed on the shaft hole step; the other end of the fixed partition plate is connected with a high-pressure air step, and the outlet end of the high-pressure air step is one end far away from the fixed partition plate; the sum of the length of the fixed partition plate and the length of the high-pressure gas step is equal to the length of the adjusting partition plate;

the adjusting partition plate is used as a starting boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and an ending boundary of the normal pressure area to be inserted into the non-through groove in the shaft hole step, and the high-pressure gas step is connected with the fixing partition plate and jointly forms the ending boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and the starting boundary of the normal pressure area; the area enclosed by the second cover plate, the plate body of the gas distribution plate and the inner annular surface of the seed metering plate comprises a negative pressure capture area and a normal pressure area;

the second cover plate is provided with a high-pressure air joint hole, the high-pressure air joint penetrates through the high-pressure air joint hole and is communicated with the high-pressure air step, and the driving unit can drive the seed discharging plate to rotate so that the seed spoon is aligned with the outlet end of the high-pressure air step.

In a possible design, the transmitting tube is arranged on the outer annular surface of the seed discharging disc, the transmitting tube is communicated with the seed spoon aligned with the outlet end of the high-pressure air step, the high-pressure air joint is connected with a high-pressure air source, high-pressure air provided by the high-pressure air source enters the seed spoon through the high-pressure air joint and the high-pressure air step, and seeds in the seed spoon are blown into the transmitting tube and are transmitted out.

In one possible design, the tripod is fixedly connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle; the seed sowing disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle is fixed on the unmanned aerial vehicle through a triangular bracket;

the triangular support is hinged with the gas distribution shaft; one end of the launching tube support arm is hinged with the gas distribution shaft, the other end of the launching tube support arm is fixedly connected with a launching tube clamp, and the launching tube clamp is used for installing a launching tube;

a bearing seat hole and a large belt wheel in an annular boss shape are sequentially arranged on the end face, far away from the negative pressure capturing area, of the first cover plate along the central hole outwards; a bearing is arranged between the bearing seat hole and the air distribution shaft; the outer ring surface of the large belt wheel in the shape of the annular boss is a belt surface;

the driving unit comprises an engine, a driving wheel and a belt, the engine is arranged on the triangular support, the driving wheel is directly arranged on an output shaft of the engine, and the driving wheel and the large belt wheel are driven by the belt to drive the seed sowing plate to rotate.

In one possible design, the gas distribution shaft is in a hollow cylindrical shape; the gas distribution shaft comprises a first column section, a second column section, a third column section, a fourth column section and a fifth column section;

the first column section is provided with external threads, and the external threads are provided with air distribution plate nuts;

the second column section is used for installing and positioning the gas distribution plate;

the third column section is used for matching with the bearing seat hole to install a bearing;

the fourth column section is used for mounting a triangular support and a launching tube support arm; a triangular support is arranged at one end, close to the third column section, of the fourth column section, and a transmitting tube support arm is arranged at one end, far away from the third column section, of the fourth column section;

the fifth column section is provided with internal threads for installing a negative pressure joint.

In one possible design, the fourth column section is provided with a first key groove and a first flat key; a first groove is arranged on the support arm of the transmitting tube;

the first key groove corresponds to the first groove in position, and the first flat key is arranged in a cavity formed by the first key groove and the first groove and used for clamping the launching tube support arm and the fourth column section to enable the launching tube support arm and the fourth column section to be relatively fixed.

In one possible design, a second key groove and a second flat key are arranged on the second column section, a second groove is arranged on the inner wall of the central hole of the shaft hole step, and the second flat key is arranged in a cavity formed by the second key groove and the second groove;

the second flat key is used for clamping the second column section and the gas distribution plate, so that the positions of the gas distribution plate and the gas distribution shaft are relatively fixed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:

(1) The emitter tube structure of the present invention is used for the emission of nut seeds and/or for the emission of seed capsules for cash crop seeds. According to the invention, the first accelerating inclined tube and the second accelerating inclined tube are arranged, so that the seeds can be ensured to have higher launching speed, and the seeds can penetrate through the surface layer of the soil.

(2) The invention can adjust the angle of the launching tube by utilizing the launching tube support arm, thereby adjusting the launching angle of the seeds. When the high-speed flight is carried out, the large advance (the large advance refers to the deflection angle of the transmitting tube towards the course direction) is used, namely, the deflection angle of the transmitting tube towards the course direction can be increased, the penetration depth of seeds can be improved by using the speed of the flight, and in addition, the advance angle of the transmitting can be adjusted, so that more accurate seeding is realized. The existing seed sowing device is used for sowing by a seed throwing disc, and cannot accurately sow.

In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

Drawings

The drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout, are for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments only and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a seed metering disk device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a seed plate;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a bearing seat hole and a large belt wheel on the first cover plate;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the seed spoon;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a disc body of the gas distribution disc;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second cover plate of the gas panel;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a gas distribution shaft 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a gas distribution shaft 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a seed box unit;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed charging section and the seed discharging plate;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the supporting unit;

FIG. 12 is a side view of the seed tray apparatus;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the seed charging section;

FIG. 14 is an axial cross-sectional view of a valve pin 1;

FIG. 15 is an axial cross-sectional view of the valve pin 2;

fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a launch tube structure.

Reference numerals:

1-seed box; 2-a vibrator; 3-a conveying section; 4-seed filling section; 5-a seed plate unit; 6-a transmitting tube; 7-a first accelerating chute; 8-a first U-shaped tube; 9-vertical straight pipe; 10-a second U-shaped tube; 11-injection inclined tube; 12-outer ring surface of the seed-metering disc; 13-inner ring surface of the seeding plate; 14-seed spoon; 15-a first cover plate; 16-bearing housing bore; 17-large belt pulley; 18-a first air vent; 19-a sealing ring; 20-a tray body; 21-adjusting the partition plate; 22-a fixed partition; 23-high pressure gas step; 24-a first support rib; 25-second support ribs; 26-a third support rib; 27-shaft hole step; 28-a through slot; 29-a non-through slot; 30-high pressure gas connection; 31-a bolt; 32-a first column section; 33-a second column section; 34-a third column section; 35-a fourth column section; 36-a fifth column section; 37-a first keyway; 38-a first vent channel; 39-shaft shoulder; 40-an annular trench; 41-barrel section; 42-vertebral body segment; 43-a valve plate; 44-leakage holes; 45-a tripod; 46-launch tube support arm; 47-launch the pipe clamp; 48-a negative pressure capture zone; 49-atmospheric pressure zone; 50-a first disk surface; 51-second disc surface; 52-arc cylindrical cavity; 53-arc opening; 54-seed injection port; 55-seed reflux port; 56-first flat bond; 57-a second keyway; 58-second flat bond; 59-second acceleration ramp.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.

On one hand, the invention provides a transmitting tube structure for transmitting seeds at a high speed, which is arranged on a seed sowing plate device for an unmanned aerial vehicle; the launching tube structure comprises a launching tube 6, a launching tube hoop 47, a launching tube support arm 46 and a triangular support 45, wherein the triangular support 45 is fixedly connected with a seed metering disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle; the launching tube 6 is fixed at one end of a launching tube hoop 47, the other end of the launching tube hoop 47 is fixedly connected with one end of a launching tube support arm 46, and the other end of the launching tube support arm 46 is fixedly connected with the triangular bracket 45; the launching tube 6 is arranged below the seed sowing disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle and corresponds to a spraying port of the seeds; a first accelerating inclined tube 7 is arranged on the launching tube 6; the first accelerating inclined tube 7 is communicated with a first-stage high-pressure air source arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle.

The launch tube structure of the present invention can be used for the launching of nut seeds, and/or for the launching of seed capsules for cash crop seeds. The nut seeds include walnut, chestnut, water caltrop, ginkgo nut, apricot kernel, pistachio nut, various melon seeds and acorn with hard shell. In addition, some economic crop seeds which have no hard shells and are irregular in shape can be launched by capsule coating, namely, nutrient components such as fertilizer and the like wrap the seeds to form a spherical object to form a seed capsule.

It should be noted that, whether the nut seeds or the seed capsules are used, the seeds can penetrate the ground surface at a high speed when being launched, and the seeds have a hard shell or capsule protection, so that the internal structure of the seeds cannot be affected when penetrating into the soil, that is, the germination rate of the seeds cannot be affected.

In order to increase the seed emission speed, a second acceleration inclined pipe 59 is arranged below the first acceleration inclined pipe 7, and the second acceleration inclined pipe 59 is communicated with a second-stage high-pressure air source arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle; along the flowing direction of the high-pressure gas, the included angle between the axial direction of the second accelerating inclined tube 59 and the axial direction of the launching tube 6 is smaller than the included angle between the axial direction of the first accelerating inclined tube 7 and the axial direction of the launching tube 6; the pressure of the high-pressure gas of the second-stage high-pressure gas source is greater than that of the high-pressure gas of the first-stage high-pressure gas source.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can ensure that the seeds have higher launching speed and can penetrate through the soil surface layer by arranging the first acceleration inclined tube 7 and the second acceleration inclined tube 59.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a seed metering disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises the transmitting tube structure for transmitting the seeds at a high speed; the seed plate device for the unmanned aerial vehicle also comprises a seed plate unit 5, wherein the seed plate unit 5 comprises a seed plate; the seed plate is of an annular cake-shaped structure with a cavity arranged inside, the seed plate comprises an annular seed plate outer ring surface 12, a seed plate inner ring surface 13, a first plate surface 51 and a second plate surface 50 which are arranged oppositely, a first cover plate 15 is arranged on the first plate surface 51 of the seed plate, and the second plate surface 50 of the seed plate is in an open state (namely, the cover plate is not arranged); the seed scoops 14 are circumferentially arranged on the outer ring surface 12 of the seed plate at equal intervals along the outer ring surface, the seed scoops 14 are grooves formed along the radial direction of the seed plate, first air holes 18 along the radial direction of the seed plate are formed in the bottom of the seed scoops 14, and the seed scoops 14 are communicated with the inner ring surface through the corresponding first air holes 18; the aperture of the seed spoon 14 is larger than that of the corresponding first air hole 18, and the hole of the seed spoon 14 is arranged along the radial direction of the seed metering disc.

The seed plate unit of the invention also comprises an air distribution plate which is arranged in the inner cavity of the seed plate (as shown in figures 2 and 10), and the outer ring surface of the air distribution plate is attached to the inner ring surface 13 of the seed plate; the centers of the first cover plates 15 of the air distribution disc and the seed sowing disc are both provided with center holes, and an air distribution shaft penetrates through the center holes; one end of the air distribution shaft is an open end, the other end of the air distribution shaft is a closed end, the open end of the air distribution shaft is connected with the negative pressure joint, a plurality of vent grooves are formed in the air distribution shaft, and the air distribution shaft is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area of the air distribution disc through the vent grooves; the negative pressure joint is connected with a negative pressure machine, and the negative pressure machine sucks air from the negative pressure capturing area through the negative pressure joint and the vent grooves on the air distribution shaft to form negative pressure so that seeds are adsorbed in the seed spoon 14.

Specifically, the seed discharging disc unit 5 of the present invention is a core component of a high-speed deep-penetrating seed discharging device, the seed discharging disc is used for capturing seeds, the seed discharging disc unit 5 includes a seed discharging disc, a gas distribution shaft and a negative pressure joint, wherein the seed discharging disc is shaped like a disc, a cavity is arranged inside the seed discharging disc, the seed discharging disc includes an annular outer ring surface and an annular inner ring surface, the annular inner ring surface is formed by the cavity, one end surface of the seed discharging disc is in an open state, and a first cover plate 15 is arranged on the other end surface. The seed scoops 14 are arranged on the outer annular surface 12 of the seed plate at equal intervals, for example, the number of the seed scoops 14 is 20, the seed scoops 14 are outwardly communicated with the seed filling section and inwardly communicated with the negative pressure capturing area through the first air hole 18, when the negative pressure machine is turned on, the negative pressure machine pumps air to the negative pressure capturing area through the negative pressure joint and the air vent groove on the air distribution shaft to form negative pressure, and the negative pressure capturing area is communicated with the seed scoops 14 through the first air hole 18, so the seed scoops 14 can capture and contain seeds, and when the seed plate rotates, the seeds are prevented from flying out of the seed scoops 14.

In conclusion, the seed discharging disc has the functions of ensuring dynamic air tightness, capturing seeds, discharging, transmitting and centering. The invention ensures that the seeds cannot leak to the outside by the clearance fit of the outer ring surface 12 of the seed sowing plate and the seed filling section 4.

The gap between the inner ring surface 13 of the seed discharging plate and the gas distribution plate is dynamically sealed by a contact type sealing ring so as to ensure the establishment of the vacuum degree of a negative pressure capture area in the gas distribution plate and have enough attraction force to capture seeds.

In order to ensure accurate seed capture, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, the gas distribution plate of the present invention includes a plate body 20, a shaft hole step 27, a second cover plate, an adjusting partition plate 21, a fixing partition plate 22, a high pressure gas step 23, and a high pressure gas joint 30; the tray body 20 is nested in the cavity of the seed tray, and the outer annular surface of the tray body 20 is attached to the inner annular surface 13 of the seed tray (as shown in fig. 2 and 10); the shaft hole step 27 is arranged at the center of the disc body 20, the second cover plate is provided with a central hole, and the central hole is attached to the outer shaft surface of the shaft hole step 27; the air distribution shaft penetrates through the shaft hole step 27 and the central hole in the second cover plate; a plurality of through grooves 28 and a plurality of non-through grooves 29 are arranged on the shaft hole step 27, the through grooves 28 correspond to the ventilating grooves on the gas distribution shaft in position and are communicated with each other, the adjusting partition plate 21 and the fixed partition plate 22 are arranged on the tray body 20, and one end of the adjusting partition plate 21 is inserted into the non-through grooves 29; one end of the fixed partition plate 22 is fixed on the shaft hole step 27; the other end of the fixed partition plate 22 is connected with the high-pressure gas step 23, and the outlet end of the high-pressure gas step 23 is one end far away from the fixed partition plate 22; the sum of the length of the fixed partition 22 and the length of the high-pressure air step 23 is equal to the length of the adjusting partition 21; the adjusting partition plate 21 is used as the starting boundary of the negative pressure capture area and the ending boundary of the normal pressure area to be inserted in the non-through groove 29 on the shaft hole step 27, the high-pressure air step 23 is connected with the fixed partition plate 22 and jointly forms the ending boundary of the negative pressure capture area and the starting boundary of the normal pressure area (the starting boundary and the ending boundary of the negative pressure capture area are arranged to prevent the air leakage of the seed spoon 14 of the non-seed-charging area on the seed metering disc); the area enclosed by the second cover plate, the plate body 20 of the air distribution plate and the inner annular surface 13 of the seed metering plate comprises a negative pressure capture area and a normal pressure area; the second cover plate is provided with a high-pressure air joint 30 hole, the high-pressure air joint 30 penetrates through the high-pressure air joint 30 hole and is communicated with the high-pressure air step 23, and the driving unit can drive the seed discharging disc to rotate so that the seed spoon 14 is aligned with the outlet end of the high-pressure air step 23; the launching tube 6 is arranged on the outer annular surface 12 of the seed sowing disc, the launching tube 6 is communicated with the seed spoon 14 aligned with the outlet end of the high-pressure air step 23, the high-pressure air connector 30 is connected with a high-pressure air source, high-pressure air provided by the high-pressure air source enters the seed spoon 14 through the high-pressure air connector 30 and the high-pressure air step 23, and seeds in the seed spoon 14 are blown into the launching tube 6 and are launched out.

Specifically, the air distribution plate is used for providing and distributing air pressure for capturing and blowing out seeds to the seed plate, and the specific process of capturing and blowing out the seeds by using the air distribution plate is as follows: the seeds in the seed box 1 enter the seed filling section through the conveying section 3, meanwhile, the negative pressure capturing area is vacuumized by the negative pressure machine, specifically, the negative pressure capturing area is vacuumized by the negative pressure machine through the negative pressure joint, the vent groove on the air distribution shaft and the through groove 28 on the shaft hole step 27, after a certain negative pressure is formed in the negative pressure capturing area, the negative pressure capturing area is communicated with the seed spoon 14 through the first air hole 18, so that the air in the seed spoon 14 flows to the negative pressure capturing area, a certain negative pressure adsorption effect is formed in the seed spoon 14, and the seeds are captured and contained in the seed spoon 14; the seed plate continues to operate, the seeds are continuously captured and contained by the seed spoon 14 communicated with the negative pressure capture area, the captured seeds are transported by the seed plate (rotating for a certain angle), and after the seed spoon 14 of the seed plate rotates to a launching position (indicating a position aligned with the launching tube 6), high-pressure air provided by the high-pressure air source enters the seed spoon 14 through the high-pressure air connector 30 and the high-pressure air step 23, and the seeds in the seed spoon 14 are blown into the launching tube 6 and are launched out.

Compared with the prior art, the seed spoon 14 is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area, seeds are captured by the negative pressure, the seeds are contained in the seed spoon 14, and the seeds are emitted out through the emission tube 6 by high-pressure air, so that a certain initial speed can be given to the seeds, the seeds can be ensured to penetrate through a deeper soil layer, the seeds are prevented from falling down only by means of gravity, and the penetration depth is low. In addition, the seed can also improve the seeding precision through launching tube launch, has solved the problem that the aerial seeder seeding precision through getting rid of kind of a dish seeding among the prior art is low.

As shown in fig. 11, in order to fix the seed plate device on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the triangular bracket 45 of the present invention is fixedly connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle, one corner of the triangular bracket 45 is hinged with the air distribution shaft, and the other two corners are fixedly connected with the seed charging section 4; one end of the launching tube support arm 46 is hinged with the gas distribution shaft, the other end of the launching tube support arm is fixedly connected with the launching tube 6 installation clamp, and the launching tube clamp 47 is used for installing the launching tube 6; a bearing seat hole 16 and a large belt wheel 17 in an annular boss shape are arranged on the end face, far away from the negative pressure capturing area, of the first cover plate 15 along the central hole outwards in sequence; a bearing is arranged between the bearing seat hole 16 and the air distribution shaft; the outer ring surface of the large belt wheel 17 in the shape of an annular boss is a belt surface; the driving unit comprises an engine, a driving wheel and a belt, the engine is arranged on the triangular support 45, the driving wheel is directly arranged on an output shaft of the engine, and the driving wheel and the large belt wheel 17 are driven by the belt to drive the seed discharging disc to rotate.

Specifically, A-frame 45 and unmanned aerial vehicle fixed connection, the one end and the distribution axle of A-frame 45 are articulated, in addition both ends fill upper end and lower extreme fixed connection of section 4 with the arc respectively, launching tube support arm 46 is the cuboid platelike, one end of launching tube support arm 46 is the semicircle type, another end is the cuboid form, be equipped with central through hole on this semicircle type tip, the distribution axle runs through this central through hole, the semicircle type tip outside is fastening nut, fastening nut and distribution axle threaded connection for fasten the one end of A-frame 45 and the semicircle type tip of launching tube support arm 46 on the distribution axle.

It should be noted that two threaded holes are provided on the rectangular parallelepiped end portion of the launch tube support arm 46, each threaded hole is provided with a bolt 31, and the launch tube clip 47 is fixedly connected to the launch tube support arm 46 through the bolt 31.

The radius of the large pulley 17 is greater than the radius of the bearing seat hole 16, the radius of the bearing seat hole 16 is greater than the radius of the hollow hole, and the air distribution shaft penetrates through the bearing seat hole 16 and the large pulley 17 in the shape of an annular boss. The inner cylindrical surface of the bearing seat hole 16 is a positioning surface matched with the bearing, a shaft shoulder 39 is arranged at one end close to the closed end of the air distribution shaft, the shaft shoulder 39 is used for limiting the movement of the bearing in the axial direction of the air distribution shaft, an annular groove 40 is arranged at one end close to the open end of the air distribution shaft, and a retaining ring is arranged in the annular groove 40 and is also used for limiting the movement of the bearing in the axial direction of the air distribution shaft. The outer cylindrical surface of the large belt pulley 17 in the shape of an annular boss is a working surface matched with the conveyor belt.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the gas distribution shaft of the present invention is a mounting base of the gas distribution plate, and the gas distribution shaft has the functions of fastening, centering and gas distribution. The gas distribution shaft is hollow and cylindrical, and sequentially comprises a first column section 32, a second column section 33, a third column section 34, a fourth column section 35 and a fifth column section 36 from the closed end to the open end; wherein, the first column section 32 is provided with an external thread, and the external thread is used for installing a fastening nut of the gas distribution plate so as to fix the gas distribution plate; the second column section 33 is used for mounting and positioning the air distribution plate, the plurality of vent grooves include a first vent groove 38, a second vent groove and a third vent groove, the three vent grooves are all arranged on the second column section 33 in the radial direction, the plurality of through grooves 28 on the shaft hole step 27 of the air distribution plate include a first through groove 28, a second through groove 28 and a third through groove 28, the first through groove corresponds to the first vent groove 38 in position and is communicated with the first through groove, the second through groove corresponds to the second through groove in position and is communicated with the second through groove, the third through groove corresponds to the third through groove in position and is communicated with the third through groove, and the three through grooves 28 and the three vent grooves are arranged for vacuumizing the negative pressure capture area by using the air distribution shaft.

The third column section 34 is used for mounting a bearing, and a shaft shoulder 39 is arranged between the second column section 33 and the third column section 34, wherein the shaft shoulder 39 is an axial positioning end face of the air distribution plate and is used for limiting the axial position of the bearing. An annular groove 40 is formed between the third column section 34 and the fourth fifth column section, and the annular groove 40 is used for installing a shaft retainer which is used for limiting the movement of the bearing. Fourth column section 35 is adapted to mount a triangular bracket 45 and a launch tube arm 46, wherein the end near shoulder 39 mounts triangular bracket 45 and the end remote from shoulder 39 mounts launch tube arm 46. The fifth column section 36 is provided with an internal thread for mounting a negative pressure connection.

Be equipped with the external screw thread on the blind end of distribution shaft and the open end, all be equipped with fastening nut on the external screw thread, the fastening nut of blind end fastens the second apron with the external screw thread fit of distribution shaft, prevents that the second apron from dropping from the distribution shaft, and the fastening nut of open end fastens launching tube support arm 46 with the epaxial external screw thread fit of distribution, prevents to take place relative slip between launching tube support arm 46 and the distribution shaft.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 7, 8, 14 and 15, a first key slot 37 and a first flat key 56 are provided on the fourth column section 35, and a corresponding groove is provided on the launch tube arm 46, and the first key slot 37 and the groove are used for accommodating the first flat key 56, so that the first flat key 56 can block the launch tube arm 46 and the gas distribution shaft, and the launch tube arm 46 rotates synchronously.

In addition, a second key groove 57 and a second flat key 58 are arranged on the second column section 33, a groove is also arranged on the inner wall of the central hole of the shaft hole step 27 of the gas distribution shaft, the second key groove 57 and the cover groove are used for accommodating the second flat key 58, so that the second flat key 58 can clamp the gas distribution plate and the gas distribution shaft, and when the gas distribution shaft rotates due to the driving of the transmitting tube support arm 46, the gas distribution shaft and the gas distribution plate can synchronously rotate.

The angle adjustment process of the transmitting tube comprises the following steps: when the launching tube support arm 46 is rotated, namely the launching angle of the launching tube is adjusted, the fastening nut at the negative pressure joint is unscrewed, the launching tube support arm 46 is rotated, at the moment, the gas distribution shaft clamped with the launching tube support arm 46 through the first key groove 37 and the first flat key 56 can synchronously rotate with the launching tube support arm 46, the rotation of the gas distribution shaft can drive the gas distribution disc to rotate, the rotating angle of the gas distribution disc is the same as that of the launching tube support arm 46, after the launching tube is adjusted in angle, the nut at the negative pressure joint is screwed, at the moment, the launching angle of the launching tube 6 is fixed, and the relative angle between the launching tube support arm 46 and the gas distribution disc is ensured. At this time, in order to ensure the sealing property in the negative pressure capturing area, the adjusting partition plate is inserted into the corresponding non-through groove, so that the negative pressure range of the negative pressure capturing area is adjusted to correspond to the structure of the seed charging section 4.

It should be noted that the gas distribution shaft is sequentially provided with a fastening nut, a second cover plate, a shaft hole step 27, a gas distribution disc body 20, a first cover plate 15, a bearing seat hole 16, a triangular bracket 45, a launching tube support arm 46 and a negative pressure joint from a closed end to an open end.

When the existing seed metering device seeds, the emission angle of the seeds can not be adjusted. Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the adjustment of the seed emission angle, and the specific process is as follows: when the launching angle of the launching tube 6 needs to be adjusted, the launching tube support arm 46 rotates for a certain angle around the air distribution shaft, then the launching tube support arm is fastened by the fastening nut, and when the launching tube support arm 46 rotates, the launching tube support arm 46 drives the launching tube clamp 47 to rotate for a certain angle, and finally the launching angle adjustment of the launching tube 6 is achieved. In addition, it should be noted that when the angle of the launching tube 6 is adjusted, the inserting position of the adjusting partition 21 needs to be adjusted again to avoid the air leakage of the normal pressure region (i.e. the non-seed charging region) and the situation that the negative pressure capturing region has no negative pressure.

In order to ensure the initial seed launching speed and increase the initial seed launching speed, the launching tube 6 is provided with the first accelerating inclined tube 7, the first accelerating inclined tube 7 is communicated with a high-pressure air source, and the launching speed of the seeds can be increased after high-pressure air is introduced into the first accelerating inclined tube 7.

In order to fill the gap between the seed spoon 14 and the seeds to a certain extent, reduce air leakage and improve the utilization rate of an air source, as shown in fig. 4, the seed spoon 14 is a cylindrical cavity, a sealing ring 19 is arranged in the seed spoon 14, and the radiuses of the seed spoon 14, the sealing ring 19 and the first air hole 18 are sequentially reduced.

Specifically, as shown in the figure, set up sealing ring 19 in the cylindrical cavity of kind spoon 14, sealing ring 19 is in the bottommost of cylindrical cavity, and the seed of catching in kind spoon 14 is in sealing ring 19, because sealing ring 19's radius is less than kind spoon 14's radius, and then can reduce the clearance between seed and the kind spoon 14, reduces the air leakage, improves the air supply rate of utilization.

In order to ensure that seeds are captured and contained in the seed spoon 14, a seed injection port 54 and a seed return port 55 are correspondingly arranged at two ends of the seed filling section 4, an arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52 is arranged between the seed injection port 54 and the seed return port 55, an arc-shaped opening 53 is arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52, and the radian of the arc-shaped opening 53 is equal to that of the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52; the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52 of the seed charging section 4 is matched with the shape of the seed discharging disc, and the arc-shaped opening 53 of the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52 covers the negative pressure capturing area and is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area; seeds provided by the seed box unit enter the seed filling section 4 through the conveying section 3, and then are absorbed in the seed spoon of the seed metering disc through the negative pressure of the negative pressure capturing area.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 13, the seed charging section 4 of the present invention is provided to ensure that the seeds are captured by the seed plate structure, and because the seed plate structure is provided with a negative pressure capturing area, the negative pressure capturing area is communicated with the seed charging section 4 through an arc-shaped opening 53, and the arc-shaped opening 53 and the negative pressure capturing area are in clearance fit, so as to allow a small amount of air leakage. In addition, a plurality of air leakage holes 44 are evenly distributed on the outer side surface of the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52 along the arc length direction at equal intervals, and air can push seeds into the seeding plate structure when being sucked into the negative pressure capturing area through the air leakage holes 44.

As shown in fig. 1, in order to return the uncaptured seeds to the seed box 1, the seed conveying unit of the present invention further includes a return section and an injection inclined pipe 11; the middle part of the reflux section is a vertical straight pipe 9, two ends of the reflux section are respectively provided with a first U-shaped pipe 8 and a second U-shaped pipe 10, the first U-shaped pipe 8 is communicated with the tail end of the seed filling section 4, and the outlet end of the second U-shaped pipe 10 extends to the upper part of the seed box unit; the injection inclined pipe 11 is arranged on the second U-shaped pipe 10, and an air inlet of the injection inclined pipe 11 is connected with a high-pressure air source; by introducing high-pressure high-speed airflow into the injection inclined pipe 11, seeds which cannot be captured by the seed discharging disc in the seed filling section 4 can sequentially flow back to the seed box unit through the first U-shaped pipe 8, the vertical straight pipe 9 and the second U-shaped pipe 10.

Specifically, the invention utilizes the high-pressure high-speed airflow injection principle to lead the seeds which are not captured by the seed sowing plate to flow back to the seed box 1, and the specific process is as follows: after introducing high-pressure high-speed airflow into the injection inclined pipe 11, the high-pressure high-speed airflow (compressed air) can flow out after passing through the second U-shaped pipe 10 along the current direction, the air in the vertical straight pipe 9 and the first U-shaped pipe 8 below can flow out along with the high-pressure high-speed airflow above under the influence of injection effect, at the moment, the vertical straight pipe 9 and the first U-shaped pipe 8 are in a negative pressure state, the external air can flow into the seed filling section 4 from the air leakage holes 44 which are arranged on the outer side surface of the cavity of the seed filling section 4 at equal intervals, then reaches the vertical straight pipe 9 through the first U-shaped pipe 8, and is sprayed out together when passing through the injection inclined pipe 11 and flows back into the seed box 1.

In order to control the flow of seeds into the seed plate, as shown in fig. 9, the seed box unit of the present invention comprises a seed box 1, a power unit and a valve plate 43; the seed box 1 comprises a cylinder section and a cone section, illustratively, a cube section 41 and a quadrangular pyramid section 42, wherein the cylinder section 41 is arranged above the quadrangular pyramid and is communicated with the rectangular pyramid; a valve plate 43 is arranged at the outlet of the conical bottom of the rectangular pyramid, the valve plate 43 is connected with a power device, and the power device drives the valve plate 43 to move so as to control the flow of seeds in the seed box 1 entering the seed metering disc.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can control the flow and the flow velocity of the seeds in the box body entering the seed sowing device by controlling the opening of the valve plate 43.

As shown in fig. 9, in order to prevent the seeds from being blocked at the valve plate 43 at the bottom of the seed box 1, the seed box unit of the present invention further comprises a vibrator 2, the vibrator 2 is disposed on one conical surface of the rectangular pyramid, the vibrator 2 (vibration motor) can drive the seeds in the seed box 1 to shake together, so as to prevent the seeds from being blocked at the valve plate 43, and finally, the seeds can be ensured to be discharged smoothly.

In order to mount the second cover plate and prevent the second cover plate and the plate body 20 from deforming under the action of negative pressure, the gas distribution plate of the invention further comprises a plurality of support rib plates and a plurality of fasteners (such as bolts 31), wherein both ends of each support rib plate are provided with threaded holes, and the number of the bolts 31 is the same as that of the threaded holes; threaded holes which are the same as the threaded holes on the support rib plates in number and correspond to the threaded holes in positions are also formed in the disc body 20 of the air distribution disc and the second cover plate; the bolts 31 respectively penetrate through the second cover plate, the support rib plate and corresponding threaded holes on the plate body 20 of the air distribution plate, and the support rib plate is used for supporting and mounting the second cover plate.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a plurality of support ribs are provided on the air distribution disc of the present invention, the plurality of support ribs includes a first support rib 24, a second support rib 25, and a third support rib 26, and the first support rib 24 to the third support rib 26 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the disc body 20 of the air distribution disc, that is, the first support rib 24 to the third support rib 26 are at an angle of 60 ° with respect to each other. It is noted that the first and second support ribs 24, 25 are in the negative pressure capture zone and the third support rib 26 is in the normal pressure zone. In order to avoid the first support rib 24 and the second support rib 25 from blocking the flow of air in the negative pressure trapping region, therefore, the length of the first support rib 24 to the third support rib 26 is controlled to be smaller than the length of the adjustment partition 21.

It should be noted that, threaded holes are respectively formed at two ends of the first supporting rib plate 24 to the third supporting rib plate 26, and 6 threaded holes are respectively formed in the tray body 20 of the gas distribution tray and the second cover plate, and 6 bolts 31 sequentially penetrate through the second cover plate, the supporting rib plates and the threaded holes in the tray body 20 of the gas distribution tray, so that the second cover plate covers the tray body 20 of the gas distribution tray, and when air is extracted from the negative pressure capturing area, the first supporting rib plate 24 to the third supporting rib plate 26 can support the second cover plate and the tray body 20 of the gas distribution tray, thereby preventing the second cover plate and the tray body 20 of the gas distribution tray from deforming and collapsing due to the negative pressure effect in the negative pressure capturing area.

In conclusion, the working process of the seed sowing device provided by the invention is as follows: the valve plate 43 is driven to move by the power device to open the valve plate 43, seeds fall into the seed filling section 4 through the conveying section 3 after the valve is opened, the seed filling section 4 is an arc-shaped half-opening cavity, the arc-shaped half-opening cavity is communicated with the seed spoon 14, the seed spoon 14 is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area through the first air hole 18, the negative pressure capturing area can continuously provide negative pressure for the seed spoon 14 on the seed plate, and under the action of the negative pressure, the seed plate captures the seeds nearby, namely, the seeds in the seed filling section 4 are captured and contained in the seed spoon 14. As the seed plate is continuously rotated, the seeds in the seed filling section 4 can continuously enter the seed spoon 14. If the seeds can not fall into the seed spoon 14, the seeds can enter the first U-shaped pipe 8 of the backflow section, the inclined injection pipe 11 is arranged on the second U-shaped pipe 10, the air inlet of the inclined injection pipe 11 is connected with a high-pressure air source, and when high-pressure high-speed airflow is introduced into the inclined injection pipe 11, the seeds which can not be captured by the seed plate in the seed filling section 4 can sequentially flow through the first U-shaped pipe 8, the vertical straight pipe 9 and the second U-shaped pipe 10 and flow back into the seed box unit. For the captured seeds, when the seed plate is rotated to the shooting position (the position where the seed spoon 14 is aligned with the shooting pipe 6), high-pressure air supplied by the high-pressure air source enters the seed spoon 14 through the high-pressure air connector 30 and the high-pressure air step 23, and the seeds in the seed spoon 14 are blown into the shooting pipe 6 and shot.

When the seed initial velocity unsatisfied seeding demand of wearing deeply, the seed jets out the back from kind spoon 14, and it continues to move in launching tube 6 under inertia and injection suction effect, when first accelerating pipe chute 7, through introducing first accelerating pipe chute 7 with high-pressure gas, the seed is accelerated once more to increase the emission velocity of seed, jet out after satisfying the initial velocity requirement.

Compared with the prior art, (1) the seed box unit and the seed discharging disk unit 5 of the invention adopt a separated design, aiming at seeds with different sizes, the seed discharging disk unit 5 can be replaced according to the sizes of the seeds, and the applicability of the seed discharging device is further improved; the seed box 1 and the seed discharging plate in the prior art are mostly designed in a semi-embedded mode, and the seed discharging plate unit 5 cannot be replaced according to the size of seeds in the design mode, so that the seed box and the seed discharging plate can only seed the seeds with a single size. (2) The present invention can adjust the angle of the launch tube 6 by using the launch tube support arm 46, thereby adjusting the launch angle of the seed. The emission tube 6 of the existing seed sowing device is vertical to the bottom surface, and the emission angle of seeds cannot be adjusted. (3) According to the invention, the first acceleration inclined pipe 7 and the second acceleration inclined pipe 59 are arranged on the launching pipe 6, so that the seeds can be accelerated for multiple times, and the seeds can penetrate through the surface layer of the soil. The seed sowing device in the prior art mostly adopts gravity to drop seeds, and the seed penetration depth is lower.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The transmitting tube structure for transmitting seeds at a high speed is characterized in that the transmitting tube structure is arranged on a seed sowing plate device for an unmanned aerial vehicle;

the launching tube structure comprises a launching tube, a launching tube hoop, a launching tube support arm and a triangular support, and the triangular support is fixedly connected with the seed metering disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle;

the launching tube is fixed at one end of the launching tube hoop, the other end of the launching tube hoop is fixedly connected with one end of the launching tube support arm, and the other end of the launching tube support arm is fixedly connected with the triangular support; the launching tube is arranged below the seed metering disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle and corresponds to a spraying port of the seeds;

a first accelerating inclined tube is arranged on the transmitting tube; the first accelerating inclined tube is communicated with a first-stage high-pressure air source arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle.

2. The seed high-speed emission pipe structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second acceleration inclined pipe is arranged below the first acceleration inclined pipe, and the second acceleration inclined pipe is communicated with a second-stage high-pressure air source arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle;

along the flow direction of high-pressure gas, the included angle between the axial direction of the second acceleration inclined tube and the axial direction of the launching tube is smaller than the included angle between the axial direction of the first acceleration inclined tube and the axial direction of the launching tube;

the pressure of the high-pressure gas of the second-stage high-pressure gas source is greater than that of the high-pressure gas of the first-stage high-pressure gas source.

3. The seed high speed launch tube structure of claim 2, wherein said seed high speed launch tube structure is used for launching nut seeds and/or for launching seed capsules for cash crop seeds.

4. A seed metering disk device for an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a discharge tube structure for high-speed discharge of seeds according to claims 1 to 3; the seed plate device for the unmanned aerial vehicle further comprises a seed plate unit;

the seed plate unit comprises a seed plate, a gas distribution shaft and a negative pressure joint;

the seed plate is internally provided with a cavity, the seed plate comprises an outer annular surface, an inner annular surface, a first plate surface and a second plate surface which are all annular, a first cover plate is arranged at the first plate surface of the seed plate, and the second plate surface of the seed plate is open; seed scoops are arranged on the outer ring surface of the seed discharging disc at equal intervals, first air holes are formed in the bottoms of the seed scoops, and the seed scoops are communicated with the inner ring surface through the corresponding first air holes; the aperture of the seed spoon is larger than that of the corresponding first air hole;

the gas distribution disc is arranged in the cavity of the seed metering disc, and the outer ring surface of the gas distribution disc is attached to the inner ring surface of the seed metering disc; the centers of the first cover plates of the gas distribution plate and the seed sowing plate are both provided with center holes, and the gas distribution shaft penetrates through the center holes; the gas distribution plate comprises a negative pressure capture area and a normal pressure area;

one end of the air distribution shaft is an open end, the other end of the air distribution shaft is a closed end, the open end of the air distribution shaft is connected with the negative pressure joint, a plurality of vent grooves are formed in the air distribution shaft, and the air distribution shaft is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area of the air distribution disc through the vent grooves;

the negative pressure joint is connected with a negative pressure machine, and the negative pressure machine sucks air from the negative pressure capturing area through the negative pressure joint and the vent grooves in the air distribution shaft to form negative pressure so that seeds are adsorbed in the seed spoon.

5. A seed plate apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the seed plate apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle further comprises a drive unit; the driving unit can drive the seed discharging disc to rotate;

the gas distribution plate comprises a plate body, a shaft hole step, a second cover plate, an adjusting partition plate, a fixed partition plate, a high-pressure gas step and a high-pressure gas joint;

the plate body is nested in the cavity of the seed plate, and the outer ring surface of the plate body is attached to the inner ring surface of the seed plate; the shaft hole step is arranged at the center of the disc body, the second cover plate is provided with a central hole, and the central hole is attached to the outer shaft surface of the shaft hole step; the gas distribution shaft penetrates through the shaft hole step and a central hole in the second cover plate;

the shaft hole step is provided with a plurality of through grooves and a plurality of non-through grooves, the through grooves correspond to the ventilation grooves on the gas distribution shaft in position and are communicated with each other, the adjusting partition plate and the fixed partition plate are arranged on the disc body, one end of the adjusting partition plate is inserted into the non-through grooves, and one end of the fixed partition plate is fixed on the shaft hole step; the other end of the fixed partition plate is connected with the high-pressure gas step, and the outlet end of the high-pressure gas step is one end far away from the fixed partition plate; the sum of the length of the fixed partition plate and the length of the high-pressure gas step is equal to the length of the adjusting partition plate;

the adjusting partition plate is used as a starting boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and an ending boundary of the normal pressure area and is inserted into the non-through groove in the shaft hole step, and the high-pressure gas step is connected with the fixed partition plate and forms an ending boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and an starting boundary of the normal pressure area together; the area enclosed by the second cover plate, the plate body of the gas distribution plate and the inner annular surface of the seed metering plate comprises the negative pressure capturing area and the normal pressure area;

the second cover plate is provided with a high-pressure air joint hole, the high-pressure air joint penetrates through the high-pressure air joint hole and is communicated with the high-pressure air step, and the driving unit can drive the seed metering disc to rotate so that the seed spoon is aligned with the outlet end of the high-pressure air step.

6. A seed metering disc device for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the launching tube is arranged on the outer annular surface of the seed metering disc and is communicated with the seed scoop aligned with the outlet end of the high-pressure air step, the high-pressure air connector is connected with a high-pressure air source, and high-pressure air provided by the high-pressure air source enters the seed scoop through the high-pressure air connector and the high-pressure air step to blow the seeds in the seed scoop into the launching tube and launch the seeds out.

7. A seed metering disc device for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the triangular support is fixedly connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle; the seed discharging disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle is fixed on the unmanned aerial vehicle through the triangular support;

the triangular support is hinged with the gas distribution shaft; one end of the launching tube support arm is hinged with the gas distribution shaft, the other end of the launching tube support arm is fixedly connected with the launching tube clamp, and the launching tube clamp is used for installing a launching tube;

a bearing seat hole and a large belt wheel in an annular boss shape are sequentially arranged on the end face, far away from the negative pressure capturing area, of the first cover plate along the central hole; a bearing is arranged between the bearing seat hole and the gas distribution shaft; the outer ring surface of the annular boss-shaped large belt wheel is a belt surface;

the driving unit comprises an engine, a driving wheel and a belt, the engine is mounted on the triangular support, the driving wheel is directly mounted on an output shaft of the engine, and the driving wheel and the large belt wheel are in belt transmission so as to drive the seed sowing plate to rotate.

8. A seed metering disc device for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the air distribution shaft is in a hollow columnar shape; the gas distribution shaft comprises a first column section, a second column section, a third column section, a fourth column section and a fifth column section;

the first column section is provided with an external thread, and the external thread is provided with a gas distribution plate nut;

the second column section is used for installing and positioning the gas distribution plate;

the third column section is used for matching with the bearing seat hole to install a bearing;

the fourth column section is used for mounting the triangular support and the launching tube support arm; the triangular support is arranged at one end, close to the third column section, of the fourth column section, and the launching tube support arm is arranged at one end, far away from the third column section, of the fourth column section;

and the fifth column section is provided with internal threads for mounting a negative pressure joint.

9. A seed metering disc device for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 8, wherein a first keyway and a first flat key are provided on the fourth column section; a first groove is formed in the launching tube support arm;

the first key groove corresponds to the first groove in position, and the first flat key is arranged in a cavity formed by the first key groove and the first groove and used for clamping the transmitting tube support arm and the fourth column section to enable the transmitting tube support arm and the fourth column section to be relatively fixed.

10. A seed metering disc device for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 9, wherein a second key groove and a second flat key are arranged on the second column section, a second groove is arranged on the inner wall of the central hole of the shaft hole step, and the second flat key is arranged in a cavity formed by the second key groove and the second groove;

the second flat key is used for clamping the second column section and the gas distribution plate, so that the positions of the gas distribution plate and the gas distribution shaft are relatively fixed.

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