CN115024062B - High-speed deep penetrating seed metering device for aerial platform - Google Patents
High-speed deep penetrating seed metering device for aerial platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN115024062B CN115024062B CN202210912293.5A CN202210912293A CN115024062B CN 115024062 B CN115024062 B CN 115024062B CN 202210912293 A CN202210912293 A CN 202210912293A CN 115024062 B CN115024062 B CN 115024062B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed deep penetrating seed sowing device for an aerial platform, belonging to the technical field of aerial seed sowing devices; the problem of current unmanned aerial vehicle platform disseminator unable accurate seeding is solved. The high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device comprises a seed box unit, a seed metering disc unit, a driving unit, a seed conveying unit and a transmitting tube unit; the seed box unit is arranged above the seed plate unit, and is communicated with the seed plate unit through the seed conveying unit; the seed metering dish unit can catch and arrange the seed, and the transmitting tube unit is connected with the seed metering dish unit, and the seed metering dish unit is connected with drive unit, and drive unit can drive the seed metering dish subassembly and rotate, can catch and arrange the seed when the seed metering dish unit rotates to will catch and the seed of arranging is transmitted through the transmitting tube. The invention can sow seeds with different sizes, adjust the emitting angle of the seeds, accelerate the seeds secondarily and ensure that the seeds can penetrate deeper soil layers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural sowers, in particular to a high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device for an aerial platform.
Background
Existing aerial platforms (unmanned aerial vehicles) use a seeder that is only capable of seeding seeds of a single size. In addition, the existing seeder for the aerial platform is capable of throwing seeds out in the horizontal direction by means of a seed throwing disc, the seeding quantity is large, accurate seed falling cannot be achieved, the seeds leave the seed throwing disc to fall by means of gravity, a soil layer with a certain depth cannot be penetrated, and the survival rate of the seeds is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the invention aims to provide a high-speed deep penetrating seed sowing device for an aerial platform, which is used for solving the problem that the existing unmanned aerial vehicle seed sowing device cannot accurately sow and penetrate shallow soil.
The aim of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device for an aerial platform, which comprises a seed box unit, a seed metering disc unit, a driving unit, a seed conveying unit and a transmitting tube unit;
the seed box unit is arranged above the seed plate unit, and is communicated with the seed plate unit through the seed conveying unit;
the seed conveying unit comprises a conveying section and a seed filling section, one end of the conveying section is communicated with the seed box unit, and the other end of the conveying section is communicated with the seed filling section;
the seed metering disc unit comprises a negative pressure capturing area and a normal pressure area; the seed filling section is covered on the negative pressure capturing area and is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area, and seeds provided by the seed box unit sequentially pass through the conveying section and the seed filling section and are adsorbed in the seed metering disc unit under the adsorption action of the negative pressure capturing area;
The transmitting tube unit is arranged below the seed sowing plate unit and is positioned on the boundary line of the negative pressure capturing area and the normal pressure area; the transmitting tube unit is communicated with the seed metering disc unit, the seed metering disc unit is connected with the driving unit, the driving unit can drive the seed metering disc assembly to rotate, seeds can be captured and arranged when the seed metering disc unit rotates, and the captured and arranged seeds are transmitted out through the transmitting tube.
In one possible design, the seed plate unit includes a seed plate, a gas distribution shaft and a negative pressure joint;
the inside of the seed metering disc is provided with a cavity, the seed metering disc comprises a first disc surface, a second disc surface, an outer ring surface and an inner ring surface which are all circular, a first cover plate is arranged at the first disc surface of the seed metering disc, and the second disc surface of the seed metering disc is in an opening shape; seed scoops are arranged on the outer ring surface of the seed metering disc at equal intervals, first air holes are formed in the bottoms of the seed scoops, and the seed scoops are communicated with the inner ring surface through the corresponding first air holes; the aperture of the seed spoon is larger than the aperture of the corresponding first air hole;
the air distribution plate is arranged in the cavity of the seed metering plate, and the outer annular surface of the air distribution plate is attached to the inner annular surface of the seed metering plate; the center of the first cover plate of the air distribution plate and the seed metering plate is provided with a center hole, and an air distribution shaft penetrates through the center hole;
One end of the air distribution shaft is an open end, the other end of the air distribution shaft is a closed end, the open end of the air distribution shaft is connected with the negative pressure joint, a plurality of ventilation grooves are formed in the air distribution shaft, and the air distribution shaft is communicated with a negative pressure capturing area of the air distribution disc through the ventilation grooves;
the negative pressure joint is connected with a negative pressure machine, and the negative pressure machine pumps air to the negative pressure capturing area through the negative pressure joint and an air vent groove on the air distribution shaft to form negative pressure so that seeds are adsorbed in the seed spoon.
In one possible design, the distribution disc comprises a disc body, a shaft hole step, a second cover plate, an adjusting partition plate, a fixed partition plate, a high-pressure gas step and a high-pressure gas joint;
the tray body is nested in the cavity of the seed metering tray, and the outer annular surface of the tray body is attached to the inner annular surface of the seed metering tray; the shaft hole step is arranged at the center of the disc body, a central hole is arranged on the second cover plate, and the central hole is attached to the outer shaft surface of the shaft hole step; the air distribution shaft penetrates through the shaft hole step and a central hole on the second cover plate;
the shaft hole step is provided with a plurality of through grooves and a plurality of non-through grooves, the through grooves correspond to the positions of the ventilation grooves on the air distribution shaft and are communicated with each other, the adjusting partition plate and the fixing partition plate are arranged on the tray body, one end of the adjusting partition plate is inserted into the non-through grooves, and one end of the fixing partition plate is fixed on the shaft hole step; the other end of the fixed partition board is connected with a high-pressure air step, and the outlet end of the high-pressure air step is one end far away from the fixed partition board; the sum of the length of the fixed partition plate and the length of the high-pressure gas step is equal to the length of the adjusting partition plate;
The adjusting partition board is used as the initial boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and the final boundary of the normal pressure area to be inserted into the non-through groove on the shaft hole step, and the high-pressure gas step is connected with the fixed partition board and forms the final boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and the initial boundary of the normal pressure area together; the area surrounded by the second cover plate, the plate body of the air distribution plate and the inner ring surface of the seed metering plate comprises a negative pressure capturing area and a normal pressure area;
the second cover plate is provided with a high-pressure gas joint hole, the high-pressure gas joint penetrates through the high-pressure gas joint hole and is communicated with the high-pressure gas step, and the driving unit can drive the seed metering disc to rotate so as to align the seed spoon with the outlet end of the high-pressure gas step;
the transmitting tube is arranged on the outer ring surface of the seed metering disc, the transmitting tube is communicated with the seed scoop aligned with the outlet end of the high-pressure air step, the high-pressure air connector is connected with the high-pressure air source, the high-pressure air provided by the high-pressure air source enters the seed scoop through the high-pressure air connector and the high-pressure air step, and seeds in the seed scoop are blown into the transmitting tube and are transmitted out.
In one possible design, the aerial platform uses the high-speed deep-penetrating seed metering device further comprises a supporting unit, wherein the supporting unit comprises a tripod, a transmitting tube support arm and a transmitting tube clamp; the triangular bracket is fixedly connected with the aerial platform,
One corner of the triangular bracket is hinged with the air distribution shaft, and the other two corners of the triangular bracket are fixedly connected with the seed filling section; one end of the transmitting tube support arm is hinged with the air distribution shaft, the other end of the transmitting tube support arm is fixedly connected with the transmitting tube mounting clamp, and the transmitting tube clamp is used for mounting the transmitting tube;
a bearing seat hole and an annular boss-shaped large belt wheel are sequentially arranged on the end surface of the first cover plate, which is far away from the negative pressure capturing area, outwards along the central hole; a bearing is arranged between the bearing seat hole and the air distribution shaft; the outer ring surface of the annular boss-shaped large belt wheel is a belt surface;
the driving unit comprises an engine, a driving wheel and a belt, wherein the engine is arranged on the triangular bracket, the driving wheel is directly arranged on an output shaft of the engine, and the driving wheel and the large belt wheel are driven by the belt to drive the seed sowing plate to rotate.
In one possible design, the seed delivery unit further comprises a return section and an ejector chute;
the injection inclined tube is arranged on the reflux section, and an air inlet of the injection inclined tube is connected with a high-pressure air source; through introducing high-pressure high-speed air flow into the injection inclined tube, seeds which cannot be captured by the seed metering disc in the seed filling section can flow back into the seed box unit through the backflow section.
In one possible design, the seed spoon is a cylindrical cavity, and the seed spoon is internally provided with a sealing ring, and the radii of the seed spoon, the sealing ring and the first air hole are sequentially reduced.
In one possible design, the launching tube is provided with a first accelerating inclined tube, the first accelerating inclined tube is communicated with a high-pressure air source, and high-pressure air is introduced into the first accelerating inclined tube so as to increase the launching speed of seeds.
In one possible design, the seed filling section is an arc-shaped semi-open cavity, the arc-shaped semi-open cavity covers a negative pressure capturing area on the seed metering disc, and one side of the opening of the arc-shaped semi-open cavity is dynamically sealed with the outer annular surface of the seed metering disc;
the arc-shaped semi-open cavity is provided with air leakage holes at equal intervals, air enters the arc-shaped semi-open cavity through the air leakage holes and flows to the negative pressure capturing area through the seed spoon of the seed metering disc, seeds can be pushed into the seed spoon by air flow, and the seeds can be fixed by suction after falling into the seed spoon, so that seed capturing is completed.
In one possible design, the air distribution plate further comprises a plurality of supporting rib plates and a plurality of fasteners, wherein threaded holes are formed in two ends of the supporting rib plates, and the number of the fasteners is the same as that of the threaded holes;
screw holes corresponding to the same number and positions of the supporting rib plates are also arranged on the plate body of the air distribution plate and the second cover plate;
the fastener penetrates through threaded holes in the second cover plate, the supporting rib plates and the plate body of the air distribution plate, and the supporting rib plates are used for supporting and installing the second cover plate.
In one possible design, the seed box unit includes a seed box, a power device, and a valve plate;
the seed box comprises a cylinder section and a cone section which are communicated with each other, and the cylinder section is arranged above the cone section; the outlet of the cone bottom of the cone section is provided with a valve plate, and the valve plate is connected with a power device, and the valve plate is driven by the power device to move so as to control the flow and the flow velocity of seeds in the seed box entering the seed metering disc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) The seed box unit and the seed plate unit adopt a separated design, and the seed plate unit can be replaced according to the sizes of seeds aiming at seeds with different sizes, so that the applicability of the seed metering device is improved; in the prior art, the seed box and the seed metering disc are designed in a semi-embedded mode, and the seed metering disc unit cannot be replaced according to the size of seeds, so that seeds with a single size can be sown.
(2) The invention can adjust the angle of the emitting tube by using the emitting tube support arm, thereby adjusting the emitting angle of the seeds. The high-speed flying device has the advantages that the deflection angle of the launching tube in the course direction can be increased by using the high-advance (the high-advance refers to the deflection angle of the launching tube in the course direction), the penetration depth of seeds can be increased by using the course speed, and the launching advance angle can be adjusted, so that more accurate sowing is realized. The existing seed metering device is used for seeding by a seed throwing disc, and cannot precisely seed.
(3) According to the invention, the first accelerating inclined tube is arranged on the transmitting tube, so that seeds can be secondarily accelerated, and the seeds can penetrate deeper soil layers. The seed metering device in the prior art mostly adopts gravity seed dropping, and the seed penetration depth is lower.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the embodiments of the invention particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a seed metering device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a seed plate;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the bearing housing bore and large pulley on the first cover plate;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a seed spoon;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the body of the distribution plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second cover plate of the distribution plate;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a valve shaft 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the valve shaft 2;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed box unit;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed charging section and the seed metering disc;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the supporting unit;
FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of a seed plate apparatus;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the seed filling section;
FIG. 14 is an axial cross-sectional view of the valve shaft 1;
FIG. 15 is an axial cross-sectional view 2 of the valve shaft;
fig. 16 is a schematic view of a launch tube structure.
Reference numerals:
1-seed box; 2-vibrator; 3-a conveying section; 4-a seed filling section; 5-a seed metering disc unit; 6-a transmitting tube; 7-a first accelerating chute; 8-a first U-shaped tube; 9-a vertical straight pipe; 10-a second U-shaped tube; 11-injecting an inclined tube; 12-an outer ring surface of the seed sowing plate; 13-inner ring surface of seed-metering disk; 14, a seed spoon; 15-a first cover plate; 16-bearing housing holes; 17-a large belt wheel; 18-a first air hole; 19-a sealing ring; 20-a tray body; 21-adjusting the partition; 22-a fixed partition; 23-high-pressure gas steps; 24-first support rib; 25-second support ribs; 26-a third support rib; 27-shaft hole steps; 28-a through slot; 29-non-through slots; 30-a high-pressure gas joint; 31-bolts; 32-a first column section; 33-a second column section; 34-a third column section; 35-fourth column section; 36-a fifth column section; 37-first keyway; 38-a first vent slot; 39-shaft shoulders; 40-annular grooves; 41-a barrel section; 42-vertebral segments; 43-a valve plate; 44-leakage holes; 45-a tripod; 46-a launch tube arm; 47-a launch tube clamp; 48-a negative pressure capture zone; 49-normal pressure area; 50-a first disk surface; 51-a second disk face; 52-an arc-shaped cylindrical cavity; 53-arc-shaped opening; 54-seed injection port; 55-seed reflux port; 56-a first flat key; 57-second keyway; 58-second flat key; 59-a second acceleration chute.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the invention, are used to explain the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device for an aerial platform, which comprises a seed box unit, a seed plate unit 5, a driving unit, a seed conveying unit and a transmitting tube unit; the seed box unit is arranged above the seed plate unit 5, and is communicated with the seed plate unit 5 through the seed conveying unit; the seed conveying unit comprises a conveying section 3 and a seed filling section 4, one end of the conveying section 3 is communicated with the seed box unit, and the other end of the conveying section is communicated with the seed filling section 4; the seed metering disc unit 5 comprises a negative pressure capturing area and a normal pressure area; the seed filling section 4 is covered on the negative pressure capturing area and is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area, and seeds provided by the seed box unit sequentially pass through the conveying section 3 and the seed filling section and are adsorbed in the seed metering disc unit 5 under the adsorption action of the negative pressure capturing area; the transmitting tube unit is arranged below the seed metering disc unit 5 and is positioned on the boundary line of the negative pressure capturing area and the normal pressure area; the transmitting tube unit is communicated with the seed metering disc unit 5, the seed metering disc unit 5 is connected with the driving unit, the driving unit can drive the seed metering disc assembly to rotate, seeds can be captured and arranged when the seed metering disc unit 5 rotates, and the captured and arranged seeds are transmitted out through the transmitting tube 6.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 12, the high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device is mainly applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle, and comprises a seed box unit, a seed metering disc unit 5, a driving unit, a seed conveying unit and a transmitting tube unit, wherein the seed box unit is used for storing seeds, the seed box unit and the seed metering disc unit 5 adopt a separated design, and the seed box unit is arranged above the seed metering disc unit 5. The working process of the high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device is as follows: seeds in the seed box unit enter the seed filling section through the conveying section 3 of the seed conveying unit, and the seed filling section is covered on the negative pressure capturing area of the seed metering disc unit 5 and is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area, so that the seeds stay in the seed metering disc unit 5 after entering the seed metering disc unit 5 due to the negative pressure adsorption effect, the seeds in the seed filling section 4 continuously enter the seed metering disc unit 5 in the rotation process of the seed metering disc unit 5 driven by the driving unit, and meanwhile, the seeds in the seed metering disc unit 5 are emitted out through the transmitting tube unit and sowed on the ground when passing through the transmitting tube unit.
In the prior art, the seed box 1 and the seed metering disc are designed in a semi-embedded manner, and the seed metering disc unit 5 cannot be replaced according to the size of seeds, so that seeds with a single size can be sown. Compared with the prior art, the seed box unit and the seed plate unit 5 adopt a separated design, and the seed plate unit 5 can be replaced according to the sizes of seeds aiming at seeds with different sizes, so that the applicability of the seed metering device is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in order to capture and arrange seeds at a fixed interval, the seed plate unit 5 of the present invention includes a seed plate; the inside of the seed metering disc is provided with an annular cake-shaped structure of a cavity, the seed metering disc comprises an outer annular surface 12 of the seed metering disc, an inner annular surface 13 of the seed metering disc, a first disc surface 51 and a second disc surface 50 which are oppositely arranged, a first cover plate 15 is arranged at the first disc surface 51 of the seed metering disc, and the second disc surface 50 of the seed metering disc is in an opening state (namely, no cover plate is arranged); seed scoops 14 are arranged on the outer ring surface 12 of the seed metering disc at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer ring surface, the seed scoops 14 are grooves formed along the radial direction of the seed metering disc, first air holes 18 along the radial direction of the seed metering disc are formed in the bottom of the seed scoops 14, and the seed scoops 14 are communicated with the inner ring surface through the corresponding first air holes 18; the aperture of the seed spoon 14 is larger than the aperture of the corresponding first air hole 18, and the holes of the seed spoon 14 are arranged along the radial direction of the seed metering disc.
The air distribution plate is arranged in the inner cavity of the seed metering plate (as shown in fig. 2 and 10), and the outer annular surface of the air distribution plate is attached to the inner annular surface 13 of the seed metering plate; the centers of the first cover plates 15 of the air distribution plate and the seed metering plate are respectively provided with a central hole, and an air distribution shaft penetrates through the central holes; one end of the air distribution shaft is an open end, the other end of the air distribution shaft is a closed end, the open end of the air distribution shaft is connected with the negative pressure joint, a plurality of ventilation grooves are formed in the air distribution shaft, and the air distribution shaft is communicated with a negative pressure capturing area of the air distribution disc through the ventilation grooves; the negative pressure joint is connected with a negative pressure machine, and the negative pressure machine pumps air to the negative pressure capturing area through the negative pressure joint and an air vent groove on the air distribution shaft to form negative pressure so that seeds are adsorbed in the seed spoon 14.
Specifically, the seed metering disc unit 5 of the invention is a core component of a high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device, the seed metering disc is used for capturing seeds, the seed metering disc unit 5 comprises a seed metering disc, a gas distribution shaft and a negative pressure joint, wherein the shape of the seed metering disc is disc-shaped, a cavity is arranged in the seed metering disc, the seed metering disc comprises an annular outer ring surface and an annular inner ring surface, the inner ring surface is formed by the cavity, one end surface of the seed metering disc is in an opening state, and a first cover plate 15 is arranged on the other end surface of the seed metering disc. The seed scoops 14 are arranged on the outer ring surface 12 of the seed metering disc at equal intervals, for example, the number of the seed scoops 14 is 20, the seed scoops 14 are communicated with the seed filling section outwards and are communicated with the negative pressure capturing area inwards through the first air holes 18, when the negative pressure machine is started, the negative pressure machine pumps air to the negative pressure capturing area through the negative pressure connector and the air grooves on the air distribution shaft to form negative pressure, and the negative pressure capturing area is communicated with the seed scoops 14 through the first air holes 18, so that the seed scoops 14 can capture seeds and contain the seeds, and when the seed metering disc rotates, the seeds are prevented from flying out of the seed scoops 14.
In conclusion, the seed metering disc has the functions of ensuring dynamic air tightness, capturing seeds, metering seeds, transmitting and centering. The invention ensures that seeds cannot leak to the outside by dynamically sealing the outer ring surface 12 of the seed metering disc and the seed filling section 4. The inner ring surface 13 of the seed metering disc and the gap of the air distribution disc are dynamically sealed through the contact type sealing ring, so that the establishment of the vacuum degree of a negative pressure capturing area in the air distribution disc is ensured, and enough attractive force is provided for capturing seeds.
In order to fill the gap between the seed spoon 14 and the seeds to a certain extent, reduce the air leakage and improve the air source utilization rate, as shown in fig. 4, the seed spoon 14 is a columnar cavity, a sealing ring 19 is arranged in the seed spoon 14, and the radiuses of the seed spoon 14, the sealing ring 19 and the first air hole 18 are sequentially reduced.
Specifically, as shown in the figure, a sealing ring 19 is arranged in the columnar cavity of the seed spoon 14, the sealing ring 19 is positioned at the bottommost part of the columnar cavity, and the captured seeds in the seed spoon 14 are positioned in the sealing ring 19, so that the radius of the sealing ring 19 is smaller than that of the seed spoon 14, the gap between the seeds and the seed spoon 14 can be reduced, the air leakage is reduced, and the air source utilization rate is improved.
In order to ensure that seeds are captured and contained in a seed spoon 14, as shown in fig. 13, two ends of a seed filling section 4 of the invention are correspondingly provided with a seed injection opening 54 and a seed return opening 55, an arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52 is arranged between the seed injection opening 54 and the seed return opening 55, an arc-shaped opening 53 is arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52, and the radian of the arc-shaped opening 53 is equal to that of the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52; the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52 of the seed filling section 4 is matched with the shape of the seed metering disc, and the arc-shaped opening 53 of the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52 covers the negative pressure capturing area and is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area; seeds provided by the seed box unit enter the seed filling section 4 through the conveying section 3, and then the negative pressure of the negative pressure capturing area is absorbed in a seed spoon of the seed metering disc.
As shown in fig. 10 and 13, the seed filling section 4 of the present invention is configured to ensure that seeds are captured by the structure of the seed metering disc, and since the structure of the seed metering disc is provided with a negative pressure capturing area, the negative pressure capturing area is communicated with the seed filling section 4 through an arc-shaped opening 53, and a dynamic seal is formed between the arc-shaped opening 53 and the negative pressure capturing area. In addition, a plurality of air leakage holes 44 are uniformly distributed on the outer side surface of the arc-shaped cylindrical cavity 52 at equal intervals along the arc length direction, and air is sucked into the negative pressure capturing area through the air leakage holes 44 to push seeds into the seed metering disc structure. In order to ensure that seeds can be captured, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, the air distribution disc of the present invention comprises a disc body 20, an axial hole step 27, a second cover plate, an adjusting partition plate 21, a fixed partition plate 22, a high-pressure air step 23 and a high-pressure air joint 30; the tray body 20 is nested in the cavity of the seed metering tray, and the outer annular surface of the tray body 20 is attached to the inner annular surface 13 of the seed metering tray (as shown in fig. 2 and 10); the shaft hole step 27 is arranged at the center of the tray body 20, a central hole is arranged on the second cover plate, and the central hole is attached to the outer shaft surface of the shaft hole step 27; the distribution shaft penetrates through the shaft hole step 27 and a central hole on the second cover plate; the shaft hole step 27 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 28 and a plurality of non-through grooves 29, the through grooves 28 correspond to the positions of the ventilation grooves on the gas distribution shaft and are communicated with each other, the adjusting baffle plate 21 and the fixed baffle plate 22 are arranged on the tray body 20, and one end of the adjusting baffle plate 21 is inserted into the non-through grooves 29; one end of the fixed partition 22 is fixed on the shaft hole step 27; the other end of the fixed clapboard 22 is connected with a high-pressure air step 23, and the outlet end of the high-pressure air step 23 is one end far away from the fixed clapboard 22; the sum of the length of the fixed diaphragm 22 and the length of the high-pressure gas step 23 is equal to the length of the adjustment diaphragm 21; the adjusting baffle plate 21 is inserted into the non-through groove 29 on the shaft hole step 27 as the starting boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and the ending boundary of the normal pressure area, the high pressure gas step 23 is connected with the fixed baffle plate 22 and forms the ending boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and the starting boundary of the normal pressure area together (the starting boundary and the ending boundary of the negative pressure capturing area are arranged to prevent the seed spoon 14 of the non-seed filling area on the seed sowing plate from leaking gas); the area surrounded by the second cover plate, the plate body 20 of the air distribution plate and the inner annular surface 13 of the seed metering plate comprises a negative pressure capturing area and a normal pressure area; the second cover plate is provided with a high-pressure gas joint 30 hole, the high-pressure gas joint 30 penetrates through the high-pressure gas joint 30 hole and is communicated with the high-pressure gas step 23, and the driving unit can drive the seed metering disc to rotate so as to align the seed spoon 14 with the outlet end of the high-pressure gas step 23; the transmitting tube 6 is arranged on the outer ring surface 12 of the seed metering disc, the transmitting tube 6 is communicated with the seed spoon 14 aligned with the outlet end of the high-pressure air step 23, the high-pressure air connector 30 is connected with a high-pressure air source, high-pressure air provided by the high-pressure air source enters the seed spoon 14 through the high-pressure air connector 30 and the high-pressure air step 23, and seeds in the seed spoon 14 are blown into the transmitting tube 6 and are transmitted.
Specifically, the air distribution plate is used for providing and distributing air pressure for capturing and blowing out seeds to the seed metering plate, and the specific process for capturing and blowing out the seeds by using the air distribution plate comprises the following steps: the seeds in the seed box 1 enter the seed filling section through the conveying section 3, and meanwhile, the negative pressure is utilized to vacuumize a negative pressure capturing area, specifically, the negative pressure capturing area is vacuumized through a negative pressure joint, a ventilation groove on a gas distribution shaft and a through groove 28 on a shaft hole step 27, after a certain negative pressure is formed in the negative pressure capturing area, the negative pressure capturing area is communicated with the seed spoon 14 through the first gas hole 18, so that air in the seed spoon 14 flows to the negative pressure capturing area, a certain negative pressure adsorption effect is formed in the seed spoon 14, and the seeds are captured and contained in the seed spoon 14; the seed metering disc continues to run, seeds are continuously captured and contained by the seed spoon 14 communicated with the negative pressure capturing area, the captured seeds are transported through the seed metering disc (rotated by a certain angle), and after the seed spoon 14 of the seed metering disc rotates to a transmitting position (which means a position aligned with the transmitting tube 6), high-pressure air provided by the high-pressure air source enters the seed spoon 14 through the high-pressure air connector 30 and the high-pressure air step 23, and the seeds in the seed spoon 14 are blown into the transmitting tube 6 and are transmitted.
Compared with the prior art, the seed spoon 14 is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area, the seeds are captured by utilizing the negative pressure, the seeds are accommodated in the seed spoon 14, and the seeds are emitted out through the emitting tube 6 by utilizing high-pressure air, so that the seeds can be endowed with a certain initial speed, the seeds can be ensured to penetrate deeper soil layers, the seeds are prevented from falling down by gravity, and the penetration depth is low. In addition, the seed sowing precision can be improved by transmitting seeds through the transmitting tube, and the problem of low seed sowing precision of an air seeder for sowing seeds through the seed throwing disc in the prior art is solved.
As shown in fig. 11, in order to fix the seed metering device on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the aerial platform of the present invention uses the high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device and further comprises a supporting unit, wherein the supporting unit comprises a tripod 45, a transmitting tube support arm 46 and a transmitting tube clamp 47; the triangular bracket 45 is fixedly connected with the aerial platform, one corner of the triangular bracket 45 is hinged with the air distribution shaft, and the other two corners are fixedly connected with the seed filling section 4; one end of the transmitting tube support arm 46 is hinged with the air distribution shaft, the other end of the transmitting tube support arm is fixedly connected with the transmitting tube 6 mounting clamp, and the transmitting tube clamp 47 is used for mounting the transmitting tube 6; a bearing seat hole 16 and an annular boss-shaped large belt wheel 17 are sequentially arranged outwards along the central hole on the end surface of the first cover plate 15 far away from the negative pressure capturing area; a bearing is arranged between the bearing seat hole 16 and the air distribution shaft; the outer ring surface of the large annular boss-shaped belt wheel 17 is a belt surface; the driving unit comprises an engine, a driving wheel and a belt, wherein the engine is arranged on the tripod 45, the driving wheel is directly arranged on an output shaft of the engine, and the driving wheel and the large belt wheel 17 are driven by the belt to drive the seed sowing plate to rotate.
Specifically, the tripod 45 is fixedly connected with an aerial platform (e.g. an unmanned aerial vehicle), one end of the tripod 45 is hinged with a gas distribution shaft, the other two ends of the tripod are respectively fixedly connected with the upper end and the lower end of the arc seed filling section 4, the transmitting tube support arm 46 is in a cuboid plate shape, one end of the transmitting tube support arm 46 is in a semicircle shape, the other end of the transmitting tube support arm is in a cuboid shape, a central through hole is formed in the semicircle end, the gas distribution shaft penetrates through the central through hole, a fastening nut is arranged on the outer side of the semicircle end, and the fastening nut is in threaded connection with the gas distribution shaft and used for fastening one end of the tripod 45 and the semicircle end of the transmitting tube support arm 46 on the gas distribution shaft. Two threaded holes are formed in the rectangular end of the emitter tube support arm 46, bolts 31 are respectively disposed in the threaded holes, and the emitter tube clamp 47 is fixedly connected with the emitter tube support arm 46 through the bolts 31.
The transmitting tube unit of the present invention includes a transmitting tube 6; as shown in fig. 16, the transmitting tube 6 is fixed at one end of the transmitting tube clamp 47, the other end of the transmitting tube clamp 47 is fixedly connected with one end of the transmitting tube support arm 46, and the other end of the transmitting tube support arm 46 is fixedly connected with the tripod 45; the transmitting pipe 6 is arranged below the seed metering disc device for the unmanned aerial vehicle and corresponds to the seed ejection port; the transmitting tube 6 is provided with a first accelerating inclined tube 7; the first accelerating inclined tube 7 is communicated with a first-stage high-pressure air source arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle.
The launch tube structure of the present invention is used for the launching of nut-type seeds and/or for the launching of seed capsules for commercial crop seeds. The nut seeds include nut with hard shell, chestnut, water chestnut, gingko, apricot, pistachio, melon seed and acorn. In addition, some commercial crop seeds which do not have a hard outer shell and are irregularly shaped can be launched through capsule encapsulation, i.e., some nutrients such as fertilizers encapsulate the seeds to form a spherical package, forming a seed capsule.
It should be noted that, whether it is nut seeds or seed capsules, a high speed is required to make the seeds penetrate the ground surface during the launching, and since the seeds have a hard shell or capsule protection, the internal structure of the seeds will not be affected when they penetrate the soil, i.e. the germination rate of the seeds will not be affected.
In order to increase the seed emission speed, as shown in fig. 16, a second accelerating inclined tube 59 is arranged below the first accelerating inclined tube 7, and the second accelerating inclined tube 59 is communicated with a secondary high-pressure air source arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle; the axial included angle between the second accelerating inclined tube 59 and the transmitting tube 6 is smaller than the axial included angle between the first accelerating inclined tube 7 and the transmitting tube 6; the pressure of the high-pressure gas of the secondary high-pressure gas source is greater than that of the high-pressure gas of the primary high-pressure gas source.
Compared with the prior art, the seed-dressing device has the advantages that the first accelerating inclined tube 7 and the second accelerating inclined tube 59 are arranged, so that the seeds can be ensured to have higher emitting speed, and the seeds can be ensured to penetrate through the soil surface layer.
The radius of the large pulley 17 is larger than the radius of the bearing housing hole 16, the radius of the bearing housing hole 16 is larger than the radius of the hollow hole, and the valve shaft penetrates the bearing housing hole 16 and the large pulley 17 in the shape of an annular boss. The inner cylindrical surface of the bearing seat hole 16 is a positioning surface matched with a bearing, a shaft shoulder 39 is arranged at one end close to the closed end of the valve shaft seal, the shaft shoulder 39 is used for limiting the movement of the bearing in the axial direction of the valve shaft, an annular groove 40 is arranged at one end close to the open end of the valve shaft, and a retainer ring is arranged in the annular groove 40 and is also used for limiting the movement of the bearing in the axial direction of the valve shaft. The outer cylindrical surface of the large annular boss-shaped belt wheel 17 is a working surface matched with the conveyor belt.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the valve shaft of the present invention is a mounting base of the valve disc, and has functions of fastening, centering and valve. The air distribution shaft is hollow and columnar, and comprises a first column section 32, a second column section 33, a third column section 34, a fourth column section 35 and a fifth column section 36 from the closed end to the open end in sequence; wherein, the first column section 32 is provided with external threads for installing a valve disc nut to fix the valve disc; the second column section 33 is used for installing and positioning the air distribution disc, the plurality of air channels comprise a first air channel 38, a second air channel and a third air channel, the three air channels are all arranged on the second column section 33 along the radial direction, the plurality of through channels 28 on the shaft hole step 27 of the air distribution disc comprise a first through channel 28, a second through channel 28 and a third through channel 28, the first through channel corresponds to the first air channel 38 in position and is communicated with the first through channel, the second through channel corresponds to the second air channel in position and is communicated with the second through channel in position and is communicated with the third air channel, and the three through channels 28 and the three air channels are arranged for vacuumizing the negative pressure capturing area by utilizing the air distribution shaft.
The third column section 34 is used for installing a bearing, and a shaft shoulder 39 is arranged between the second column section 33 and the third column section 34, and the shaft shoulder 39 is an axial positioning end face of the air distribution disc and is used for limiting the axial position of the bearing. An annular groove 40 is provided between the third and fourth five column sections 34, the annular groove 40 being used to mount a shaft collar which is used to limit bearing movement. The fourth column section 35 is used for installing a tripod 45 and a transmitting tube support arm 46, wherein the tripod 45 is installed at one end close to the shaft shoulder 39, and the transmitting tube support arm 46 is installed at one end far away from the shaft shoulder 39. The fifth column section 36 is provided with an internal thread for mounting a negative pressure fitting.
The blind end and the open end of the gas distribution shaft are provided with external threads, the external threads are provided with fastening nuts, the fastening nuts of the blind end are matched with the external threads of the gas distribution shaft to fasten the second cover plate, the second cover plate is prevented from falling off the gas distribution shaft, and the fastening nuts of the open end are matched with the external threads of the gas distribution shaft to fasten the emitter support arm 46, so that relative sliding between the emitter support arm 46 and the gas distribution shaft is prevented.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 7, 8, 14 and 15, the fourth column section 35 is provided with a first key slot 37 and a first flat key 56, and the emitter support arm 46 is provided with a corresponding groove, and the first key slot 37 and the groove are used for accommodating the first flat key 56, so that the first flat key 56 can clamp the emitter support arm 46 and the gas distribution shaft, and when the emitter support arm 46 rotates, the emitter support arm 46 rotates synchronously.
In addition, the second cylindrical section 33 is provided with a second key groove 57 and a second flat key 58, and a groove is also provided on the inner wall of the central hole of the shaft hole step 27 of the gas distribution shaft, the second key groove 57 and the cover groove are used for accommodating the second flat key 58, so that the second flat key 58 can clamp the gas distribution disc and the gas distribution shaft, and when the gas distribution shaft rotates due to the driving of the transmitting pipe support arm 46, the gas distribution shaft and the gas distribution disc can synchronously rotate.
The angle adjustment process of the transmitting tube is as follows: when the transmitting tube support arm 46 is rotated, namely, the transmitting angle of the transmitting tube is adjusted, the fastening nut at the negative pressure joint is unscrewed, the transmitting tube support arm 46 is rotated, at this time, the gas distribution shaft clamped with the transmitting tube support arm 46 through the first key groove 37 and the first flat key 56 synchronously rotates with the transmitting tube support arm 46, the gas distribution shaft rotates to drive the gas distribution disc to rotate, the rotating angle of the gas distribution disc is the same as that of the transmitting tube support arm 46, and after the angle of the transmitting tube is adjusted, the nut at the negative pressure joint is screwed, at this time, the transmitting angle of the transmitting tube 6 is fixed, and the relative angle of the transmitting tube support arm 46 and the gas distribution disc is ensured. At this time, in order to ensure the tightness in the negative pressure capturing area, the adjusting partition plate is inserted into the corresponding non-through groove, so that the negative pressure range of the negative pressure capturing area is adjusted to correspond to the structure of the seed filling section 4.
The blind end and the open end of the gas distribution shaft are provided with external threads, the external threads are provided with fastening nuts, the fastening nuts of the blind end are matched with the external threads of the gas distribution shaft to fasten the second cover plate, the second cover plate is prevented from falling off the gas distribution shaft, and the fastening nuts of the open end are matched with the external threads of the gas distribution shaft to fasten the emitter support arm 46, so that relative sliding between the emitter support arm 46 and the gas distribution shaft is prevented.
The fastening nut, the second cover plate, the shaft hole step 27, the air distribution disc body 20, the first cover plate 15, the bearing seat hole 16, the tripod 45, the transmitting tube support arm 46 and the negative pressure connector are sequentially installed on the air distribution shaft from the closed end to the open end.
When the existing seed metering device is used for metering seeds, the emitting angle of the seeds cannot be adjusted. Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the adjustment of the seed emission angle, and the specific process is as follows: when the emission angle of the emission tube 6 needs to be adjusted, the emission tube support arm 46 rotates around the gas distribution shaft by a certain angle, then the emission tube support arm 46 is fastened by a fastening nut, and when the emission tube support arm 46 rotates, the emission tube support arm 46 drives the emission tube clamp 47 to rotate by a certain angle, and finally the emission angle adjustment of the emission tube 6 is realized. In addition, it should be noted that when the angle of the emitter tube 6 is adjusted, the plugging position of the adjusting partition 21 needs to be readjusted to avoid the air leakage in the normal pressure region (i.e. the non-seed filling region) and the non-negative pressure in the negative pressure capturing region.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to return the seed not captured into the seed box 1, the seed transport unit of the present invention further comprises a return section and an injection chute 11; the middle part of the reflux section is a vertical straight pipe 9, two ends of the reflux section are respectively provided with a first U-shaped pipe 8 and a second U-shaped pipe 10, the first U-shaped pipe 8 is communicated with the tail end of the seed filling section 4, and the outlet end of the second U-shaped pipe 10 extends to the upper part of the seed box unit; the injection inclined tube 11 is arranged on the second U-shaped tube 10, and an air inlet of the injection inclined tube 11 is connected with a high-pressure air source; through leading in high pressure high-speed air current to the injection inclined tube 11, the seed that can not be caught by the seed metering dish in the section 4 of filling can flow back to the seed case unit through first U type pipe 8, vertical straight tube 9 and second U type pipe 10 in proper order.
Specifically, the invention uses the high-pressure high-speed air flow injection principle to reflux seeds which are not captured by a seed metering disc into the seed box 1, and the specific process is as follows: after introducing high-pressure high-speed air current into the injection inclined tube 11, the high-pressure high-speed air current (compressed air) can flow out after passing through the second U-shaped tube 10 along the current direction, air in the vertical straight tube 9 and the first U-shaped tube 8 below can flow out along with the high-pressure high-speed air current of top under the influence of injection effect, at this moment, the vertical straight tube 9 and the first U-shaped tube 8 are in a negative pressure state, external air can flow into the seed filling section 4 from the air leakage holes 44 which are arranged on the outer side surface of the cavity of the seed filling section 4 and are arranged at equal intervals, the seed which is not captured and the external air reach the vertical straight tube 9 through the first U-shaped tube 8, and are sprayed out together and flow back into the seed box 1 when passing through the injection inclined tube 11.
In order to control the flow of seeds into the seed metering disc, as shown in fig. 9, the seed box unit of the present invention includes a seed box 1, a power device and a valve plate 43; the seed box 1 comprises a cylinder section and a cone section, such as a cube section 41 and a rectangular pyramid section 42, wherein the cylinder section 41 is arranged above the rectangular pyramid and is communicated with the rectangular pyramid; the outlet of the conical bottom of the rectangular pyramid is provided with a valve plate 43, the valve plate 43 is connected with a power device, and the power device drives the valve plate 43 to move so as to control the flow of seeds in the seed box 1 entering the seed metering disc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can control the flow and the flow velocity of seeds in the box body entering the seed metering device by controlling the opening degree of the valve plate 43.
As shown in fig. 9, in order to prevent the seeds from being blocked at the valve plate 43 at the bottom of the seed box 1, the seed box unit of the present invention further comprises a vibrator 2, wherein the vibrator 2 is arranged on one conical surface of the rectangular pyramid, and the vibrator 2 (vibration motor) can drive the seeds in the seed box 1 to shake together, thereby preventing the seeds from being blocked at the valve plate 43, and finally ensuring that the seeds can be smoothly discharged.
In order to install the second cover plate and prevent the second cover plate and the tray body 20 from deforming under the action of negative pressure, the air distribution tray of the invention further comprises a plurality of supporting rib plates and a plurality of fasteners (such as bolts 31), threaded holes are arranged at two ends of the supporting rib plates, and the number of the bolts 31 is the same as that of the threaded holes; the disk body 20 of the air distribution disk and the second cover plate are also provided with threaded holes which are the same as the threaded holes on the supporting rib plates in number and correspond to the positions; the bolts 31 respectively penetrate through corresponding threaded holes in the second cover plate, the supporting rib plates and the disc body 20 of the air distribution disc, and the supporting rib plates are used for supporting and installing the second cover plate.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a plurality of support ribs including a first support rib 24, a second support rib 25 and a third support rib 26 are provided on the gas distribution plate of the present invention, and the first support rib 24 to the third support rib 26 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the plate body 20 of the gas distribution plate, that is, the first support rib 24 to the third support rib 26 have an angle of 60 ° with each other. The first support rib 24 and the second support rib 25 are located in the negative pressure trapping region, and the third support rib 26 is located in the normal pressure region. In order to avoid that the first support rib 24 and the second support rib 25 block the flow of air in the negative pressure trapping region, therefore, the lengths of the first support rib 24 to the third support rib 26 are controlled to be smaller than the length of the adjustment diaphragm 21.
It should be noted that, the two ends of the first supporting rib plate 24 to the third supporting rib plate 26 are all provided with threaded holes, and 6 threaded holes are formed in the tray body 20 and the second cover plate of the air distribution tray, and 6 bolts 31 sequentially penetrate through the threaded holes in the second cover plate, each supporting rib plate and the tray body 20 of the air distribution tray, so that the second cover plate covers the tray body 20 of the air distribution tray, and when the negative pressure capturing area is pumped, the first supporting rib plate 24 to the third supporting rib plate 26 can support the second cover plate and the tray body 20 of the air distribution tray, so that deformation and collapse of the second cover plate and the tray body 20 of the air distribution tray due to the negative pressure in the negative pressure capturing area are avoided.
In summary, the seed metering device of the invention has the working procedures that: the valve plate 43 is driven to move by the power device to open the valve plate 43, seeds fall into the seed filling section 4 through the conveying section 3 after valve opening, the arc-shaped semi-open cavity is communicated with the seed spoon 14 due to the fact that the seed filling section 4 is an arc-shaped semi-open cavity, the seed spoon 14 is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area through the first air hole 18, the negative pressure capturing area can continuously provide negative pressure for the seed spoon 14 on the seed metering disc, and under the action of the negative pressure, the seed disc captures nearby seeds, namely, the seeds in the seed filling section 4 are accommodated in the seed spoon 14 after being captured. As the seed metering disc is continuously rotated, seeds of the seed filling section 4 continuously enter the seed spoon 14. If seeds can not fall into the seed spoon 14, the seeds can enter the first U-shaped pipe 8 of the reflux section, as the injection inclined pipe 11 is arranged on the second U-shaped pipe 10, the air inlet of the injection inclined pipe 11 is connected with a high-pressure air source, when high-pressure high-speed air flow is introduced into the injection inclined pipe 11, the seeds which can not be captured by the seed metering disc in the seed filling section 4 can flow back into the seed box unit through the first U-shaped pipe 8, the vertical straight pipe 9 and the second U-shaped pipe 10 in sequence. For the captured seeds, when the seed metering disc rotates to the emission position (the position where the seed ladle 14 is aligned with the emission pipe 6), high-pressure air provided by the high-pressure air source enters the seed ladle 14 through the high-pressure air connector 30 and the high-pressure air step 23, and the seeds in the seed ladle 14 are blown into the emission pipe 6 and are emitted.
When the initial speed of the seeds does not meet the sowing penetration requirement, after the seeds are ejected from the seed spoon 14, the seeds continue to move in the transmitting tube 6 under the actions of inertia and injection suction, and when the seeds pass through the first accelerating inclined tube 7, the seeds are accelerated again by introducing high-pressure air into the first accelerating inclined tube 7, so that the seed ejecting speed is increased until the initial speed requirement is met, and then the seeds are ejected.
Compared with the prior art, (1) the seed box unit and the seed plate unit 5 adopt a separated design, and the seed plate unit 5 can be replaced according to the sizes of seeds aiming at seeds with different sizes, so that the applicability of the seed metering device is improved; in the prior art, the seed box 1 and the seed metering disc are designed in a semi-embedded manner, and the seed metering disc unit 5 cannot be replaced according to the size of seeds, so that seeds with a single size can be sown. (2) The invention can adjust the angle of the emitting tube 6 by using the emitting tube support arm 46, thereby adjusting the emitting angle of the seeds. The emitting tube 6 of the existing seed metering device is vertical to the bottom surface, and the emitting angle of seeds cannot be adjusted. (3) According to the invention, the first accelerating inclined tube 7 is arranged on the transmitting tube 6, so that the seeds can be secondarily accelerated, and the seeds can penetrate deeper soil layers. The seed metering device in the prior art mostly adopts gravity seed dropping, and the seed penetration depth is lower.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device for the aerial platform is characterized by comprising a seed box unit, a seed metering disc unit, a driving unit, a seed conveying unit and a transmitting tube unit;
the seed box unit is arranged above the seed metering disc unit, and is communicated with the seed metering disc unit through a seed conveying unit;
the seed conveying unit comprises a conveying section and a seed filling section, one end of the conveying section is communicated with the seed box unit, and the other end of the conveying section is communicated with the seed filling section;
the seed metering disc unit comprises a negative pressure capturing area and a normal pressure area; the seed filling section is covered on the negative pressure capturing area and is communicated with the negative pressure capturing area, and seeds provided by the seed box unit sequentially pass through the conveying section and the seed filling section and are adsorbed in the seed metering disc unit under the adsorption action of the negative pressure capturing area;
the transmitting tube unit is arranged below the seed metering disc unit and is positioned on the boundary line of the negative pressure capturing area and the normal pressure area; the transmitting tube unit is communicated with the seed metering disc unit, the seed metering disc unit is connected with the driving unit, the driving unit can drive the seed metering disc assembly to rotate, seeds can be captured and arranged when the seed metering disc unit rotates, and the captured and arranged seeds are transmitted out through the transmitting tube;
The seed plate unit comprises a seed plate, a gas distribution shaft and a negative pressure joint;
the inside of the seed metering disc is provided with a cavity, the seed metering disc comprises a first disc surface, a second disc surface, an outer annular surface and an inner annular surface, the first disc surface of the seed metering disc is provided with a first cover plate, and the second disc surface of the seed metering disc is in an opening shape; seed scoops are arranged on the outer ring surface of the seed metering disc at equal intervals, first air holes are formed in the bottom of the seed scoops, and the seed scoops are communicated with the inner ring surface through the corresponding first air holes; the aperture of the seed spoon is larger than the aperture of the corresponding first air hole;
the air distribution plate is arranged in the cavity of the seed metering plate, and the outer annular surface of the air distribution plate is attached to the inner annular surface of the seed metering plate; the center of the first cover plate of the seed metering disc and the center of the air distribution disc are respectively provided with a center hole, and the air distribution shaft penetrates through the center holes;
one end of the air distribution shaft is an open end, the other end of the air distribution shaft is a closed end, the open end of the air distribution shaft is connected with the negative pressure joint, a plurality of ventilation grooves are formed in the air distribution shaft, and the air distribution shaft is communicated with a negative pressure capturing area of the air distribution disc through the ventilation grooves;
the negative pressure joint is connected with a negative pressure machine, and the negative pressure machine pumps air to the negative pressure capturing area through the negative pressure joint and an air vent groove on the air distribution shaft to form negative pressure so that seeds are adsorbed in the seed spoon;
The air distribution disc comprises a disc body, a shaft hole step, a second cover plate, an adjusting partition plate, a fixed partition plate, a high-pressure air step and a high-pressure air connector;
the tray body is nested in the cavity of the seed metering tray, and the outer annular surface of the tray body is attached to the inner annular surface of the seed metering tray; the shaft hole step is arranged at the center of the disc body, a central hole is formed in the second cover plate, and the central hole is attached to the outer shaft surface of the shaft hole step; the air distribution shaft penetrates through the shaft hole step and a central hole on the second cover plate;
the shaft hole step is provided with a plurality of through grooves and a plurality of non-through grooves, the through grooves are corresponding to the positions of the ventilation grooves on the air distribution shaft and are communicated with each other, the adjusting partition plate and the fixing partition plate are arranged on the tray body, one end of the adjusting partition plate is inserted into the non-through grooves, and one end of the fixing partition plate is fixed on the shaft hole step; the other end of the fixed partition plate is connected with the high-pressure air step, and the outlet end of the high-pressure air step is one end far away from the fixed partition plate; the sum of the length of the fixed partition plate and the length of the high-pressure gas step is equal to the length of the adjusting partition plate;
the adjusting partition plate is used as the initial boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and the final boundary of the normal pressure area to be inserted into the non-through groove on the shaft hole step, and the high-pressure gas step is connected with the fixed partition plate and jointly forms the final boundary of the negative pressure capturing area and the initial boundary of the normal pressure area; the area surrounded by the second cover plate, the plate body of the air distribution plate and the inner ring surface of the seed metering plate comprises the negative pressure capturing area and the normal pressure area;
The second cover plate is provided with a high-pressure air joint hole, the high-pressure air joint penetrates through the high-pressure air joint hole and is communicated with the high-pressure air step, and the driving unit can drive the seed metering disc to rotate so as to align the seed spoon with the outlet end of the high-pressure air step;
the seed metering dish is located to the transmitting tube on the outer anchor ring, just the transmitting tube with the seed spoon that the high-pressure gas step exit end aligns communicates, the high-pressure gas joint is connected with the high-pressure gas source, the high-pressure gas that the high-pressure gas source provided is through high-pressure gas joint and high-pressure gas step entering seed spoon, blows in the seed spoon transmitting tube and launches.
2. The aerial platform high-speed deep-feed seed metering device of claim 1, further comprising a support unit comprising a tripod, a launch tube arm, and a launch tube clamp; the triangular bracket is fixedly connected with the aerial platform,
one corner of the triangular bracket is hinged with the air distribution shaft, and the other two corners of the triangular bracket are fixedly connected with the seed filling section; one end of the transmitting tube support arm is hinged with the air distribution shaft, the other end of the transmitting tube support arm is fixedly connected with the transmitting tube mounting clamp, and the transmitting tube clamp is used for mounting a transmitting tube;
A bearing seat hole and an annular boss-shaped large belt wheel are sequentially arranged on the end surface of the first cover plate, which is far away from the negative pressure capturing area, outwards along the central hole; a bearing is arranged between the bearing seat hole and the gas distribution shaft; the outer ring surface of the annular boss-shaped large belt wheel is a belt surface;
the driving unit comprises an engine, a driving wheel and a belt, the engine is mounted on the triangular bracket, the driving wheel is directly mounted on an output shaft of the engine, and the driving wheel and the large belt wheel are driven by the belt to drive the seed sowing plate to rotate.
3. The aerial platform employing high-speed through-depth seed metering device of claim 2, wherein the seed transport unit further comprises a return section and an ejector chute;
the injection inclined pipe is arranged on the backflow section, and an air inlet of the injection inclined pipe is connected with a high-pressure air source; through introducing high-pressure and high-speed air flow into the injection inclined tube, seeds which cannot be captured by the seed metering disc in the seed filling section can flow back into the seed box unit through the backflow section.
4. The aerial platform of claim 3 using a high-speed deep-penetrating seed metering device, wherein the seed scoop is a cylindrical cavity, a sealing ring is arranged in the seed scoop, and the radii of the seed scoop, the sealing ring and the first air hole are sequentially reduced.
5. The aerial platform of claim 4 wherein the launch tube is provided with a first acceleration chute, the first acceleration chute being in communication with a high pressure air source, high pressure air being introduced into the first acceleration chute to increase the launch rate of the seeds.
6. The aerial platform high-speed deep penetrating seed metering device according to claim 5, wherein the seed filling section is an arc-shaped semi-open cavity, the arc-shaped semi-open cavity is covered on a negative pressure capturing area on the seed metering disc, and one side of an opening of the arc-shaped semi-open cavity is dynamically sealed with the outer annular surface of the seed metering disc;
the arc-shaped semi-open cavity is provided with air leakage holes at equal intervals, air enters the arc-shaped semi-open cavity through the air leakage holes and flows to the negative pressure capturing area through the seed spoon of the seed metering disc, seeds can be pushed into the seed spoon by air flow, and the seeds can be fixed by suction after falling into the seed spoon, so that seed capturing is completed.
7. The high-speed deep-penetrating seed metering device for the aerial platform of claim 6, wherein the gas distribution plate further comprises a plurality of supporting rib plates and a plurality of fasteners, threaded holes are formed in two ends of the supporting rib plates, and the number of the fasteners is the same as that of the threaded holes;
Screw holes corresponding to the same number and positions of the supporting rib plates are also formed in the plate body of the air distribution plate and the second cover plate;
the fastener penetrates through threaded holes in the second cover plate, the supporting rib plates and the plate body of the air distribution plate, and the supporting rib plates are used for supporting and installing the second cover plate.
8. The aerial platform of any of claims 1 to 7 using a high-speed deep penetration seed metering device, wherein the seed box unit comprises a seed box, a power device, and a valve plate;
the seed box comprises a barrel section and a cone section which are communicated with each other, and the barrel section is arranged above the cone section; the outlet of the cone bottom of the cone section is provided with a valve plate, the valve plate is connected with a power device, and the power device drives the valve plate to move so as to control the flow and the flow velocity of seeds in the seed box entering the seed metering disc.
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| CN202210912293.5A CN115024062B (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | High-speed deep penetrating seed metering device for aerial platform |
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| CN202210912293.5A CN115024062B (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | High-speed deep penetrating seed metering device for aerial platform |
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| CN115024062B true CN115024062B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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| AU2003904353A0 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2003-08-28 | Holly, John | Seed distribution method and apparatus |
| CN103814659A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-05-28 | 孙松堂 | Ginseng seed-metering apparatus |
| CN204069714U (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2015-01-07 | 北京市农业机械研究所 | Become vapour-pressure type accurate nest eye seeds discharging box |
| CN206835612U (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2018-01-05 | 中国农业大学 | One Room duplicate rows pneumatic seeder |
| ES2834457T3 (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2021-06-17 | Roter Italia S R L | Seeder for the distribution of seeds in the soil |
| CN108715225A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-30 | 珠海羽人农业航空有限公司 | Airborne blow penetrates formula seed sowing equipment and sowing unmanned plane |
| CN113575049B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-08-05 | 山东理工大学 | Pneumatic-bucket wheel combined type precise seed sowing device for district single-seed sowing |
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