CN115183643B - Safe construction method for controlling blasting noise and shock waves of tunnels in close vicinity of residential areas - Google Patents
Safe construction method for controlling blasting noise and shock waves of tunnels in close vicinity of residential areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN115183643B CN115183643B CN202210702655.8A CN202210702655A CN115183643B CN 115183643 B CN115183643 B CN 115183643B CN 202210702655 A CN202210702655 A CN 202210702655A CN 115183643 B CN115183643 B CN 115183643B
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
- F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a safe construction method for controlling blasting noise and shock waves of tunnels in a residential area, which aims to effectively absorb or block noise and air shock waves generated in blasting construction in the blasting area, so as to reduce the influence on non-blasting areas, namely adjacent residential areas. The safe construction method comprises a preparation working stage, a tunnel hole entering mechanical excavation stage and a tunnel hole body sound insulation and wave blocking control blasting stage, wherein the tunnel hole body sound insulation and wave blocking control blasting stage comprises three stages of dynamically designing blasting parameters before blasting operation, carrying out impact partition assessment aiming at a preliminary determined blasting scheme, carrying out drilling and blasting construction after the blasting scheme and the impact partition control measure are determined, synchronously implementing on-site monitoring in a non-blasting area in construction, and timely adjusting the impact partition control measure according to shock wave overpressure, noise decibel and vibration speed data obtained by on-site monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a safe construction method for controlling blasting noise and shock waves of tunnels in close proximity to residential areas.
Background
The drilling and blasting method is taken as a construction method of the main stream of tunnel engineering, a large amount of noise and shock waves can be generated during blasting construction, and poor social influence can be caused by a small amount of carelessness to tunnel construction of neighboring residential areas, so that the problem of reducing noise pollution and shock wave damage effect in the construction process of the protection drilling and blasting method is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a safe construction method for controlling blasting noise and shock waves of tunnels in a close residential area, which aims to effectively absorb or block noise and air shock waves generated in blasting construction in the blasting area, so as to reduce the influence on non-blasting areas, namely the adjacent residential areas.
Therefore, the method for safely constructing the tunnel blasting noise and the shock wave control of the adjacent residential areas, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation working stage
Determining air shock wave overpressure control value delta P according to building protection level and personnel health requirements Control value Control value of blasting noise L p control value And a blasting vibration speed control value V Control value ；
S2, mechanical excavation stage for tunnel entering
A mechanical excavation mode is adopted within a certain range of excavation, after the door opening construction condition is met, a sound-insulation wave-blocking door opening structure is timely implemented (patent application number: 202120715020.2, a sound-insulation wave-blocking door opening structure for tunnel blasting construction);
s3, sound-insulating wave-blocking control blasting stage of tunnel body
S31, dividing a tunnel into a blasting area and a non-blasting area by a sound insulation wave-blocking gate hole structure which is implemented in the earlier stage, adopting a differential blasting technology to excavate the tunnel, dynamically designing blasting parameters before blasting operation, and dynamically adjusting the blasting parameters once for each operation cycle of a tunnel face; the specific process of the dynamic design of the blasting parameters is as follows: firstly, initially designing a tunneling blasting scheme of a tunnel face before blasting operation to obtain the dosage Q of a designed cutting section, and then calculating tunneling distances R of different faces according to an air shock wave overpressure prediction formula and a vibration speed prediction formula Tunneling machine Maximum dosage Q of lower cutting segment max When Q > Q max When Q < Q, the design of blasting scheme is carried out again max When the blasting scheme is determined preliminarily, the next step is carried out;
s32, carrying out influence partition evaluation aiming at preliminary determination blasting scheme
According to an air shock wave overpressure prediction formula and a vibration velocity prediction formula, predicting overpressure value and vibration velocity under the conditions of preliminarily designed slitting dosage Q and explosion center distance R, and predicting overpressure predicted value delta P Predictive value Predicted value V of vibration velocity Predictive value And control index DeltaP Control value 、V Control value Ratio of progressCompared with the prior art; wherein,
when DeltaP Predictive value ≥ΔP Control value ，V Predictive value ≥V Control value When the blasting area is divided into severe influence areas, at the moment, a blasting scheme needs to be redesigned to reduce the dosage of the cut-out section, and meanwhile, a sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley (patent authorization number: ZL 2021 20549379.7, a sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley structure for a drilling and blasting method tunnel) is arranged in time in the tunnel blasting area;
when DeltaP Predictive value ＜0.8ΔP Control value ，V Predictive value ＜0.8V Control value Dividing the blasting area into weak influence areas, and controlling blasting according to a preliminary determined blasting scheme;
when DeltaP Predictive value And delta P Control value V (V) Predictive value And V is equal to Control value Under other conditions, dividing the blasting area into slight influence areas, and at the moment, timely installing a sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley in the tunnel blasting area;
s33, drilling and blasting construction is carried out after the blasting scheme and the influence partition control measures are determined, in the construction, on-site monitoring is synchronously carried out in a non-blasting area, and the overpressure delta P of the shock wave is obtained according to the on-site monitoring Test value Decibel L of noise p test value Sum vibration velocity V Test value The data timely adjusts and influences partition control measures; wherein,
when DeltaP Test value ≥ΔP Control value ，V Test value ≥V Control value ，L p test value ≥L p control value When the tunnel is used, the distance between the sound-insulating wave-blocking trolley and the tunnel face in the tunnel is required to be shortened, and meanwhile, the sound-insulating wave-blocking door opening is changed into a double-layer sound-insulating wave-blocking structure;
when DeltaP Test value ＜0.8ΔP Control value ，V Test value ＜0.8V Control value ，L p test value ＜0.8L p control value When the blasting scheme is determined, the blasting is controlled directly according to the preliminary blasting scheme;
when DeltaP Test value And delta P Control value 、V Test value And V is equal to Control value L and p test value And L is equal to p control value When the other conditions are met, the method can realize,the distance between the sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley and the tunnel face in the tunnel needs to be shortened.
Specifically, measuring points are arranged at corners of residential houses closest to tunnel openings, and vibration, air shock waves and noise data are collected by using a blasting tester.
Specifically, the expression of the air shock wave overpressure prediction formula is:
wherein: q is the dosage of the cutting segment, R is the explosive distance;
specifically, the expression of the vibration velocity prediction formula is:
wherein: r is the explosive distance, Q is the explosive quantity of the cutting segment, V is the vibration speed, K and alpha are coefficients and attenuation indexes related to the terrain and geological conditions from the explosive point to the protected object respectively.
Specifically, the air shock wave overpressure control value Δp Control value The value of (2) is equal to 2.0kPa.
Specifically, the explosion noise control value L p control value For different time, 110db at night and 125db at day.
Specifically, the blasting vibration control value V of the ground building Control value Should be determined in conjunction with the protected object class and the monitored point master frequency f; wherein,
in case one, when the protection object is a rubble house
When f is less than or equal to 10Hz, V Control value The value is 0.15 to 0.45/. Cm.s -1 ；
When 10Hz<When f is less than or equal to 50Hz, V Control value The value is 0.5 to 0.9/. Cm.s -1 ；
When f>At 50Hz, V Control value The value is 0.9 to 1.5/. Cm.s -1 ；
Second case, when the protected object is a civil building
When f is less than or equal to 10Hz, V Control value The value is 1.5 to 2.0/. Cm.s -1 ；
When 10Hz<When f is less than or equal to 50Hz, V Control value The value is 2.0 to 2.5/. Cm.s -1 ；
When f>At 50Hz, V Control value The value is 2.5 to 3.0/. Cm.s -1 。
Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the tunnel is divided into the blasting area and the non-blasting area through the sound insulation wave-blocking door opening structure, the environmental influence of blasting noise and air shock wave is considered, the blasting scheme is subjected to environmental influence assessment, partition control measures are adopted, blasting parameters are dynamically adjusted, the dosage of the cut-out section under different tunneling distances of the face is strictly controlled, meanwhile, the partition control measures are dynamically adjusted according to synchronous monitoring data of a construction site, the construction safety is ensured, the blasting noise and the air shock wave accompanying the breaking of the explosive are absorbed or blocked in the blasting area on the premise that the construction progress is not influenced, the fine control of the blasting process of the tunnel is realized, and the influence on adjacent residents in the non-blasting area can be furthest reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel non-blast zone shock wave station arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, a safe construction method for controlling blasting noise and shock waves of tunnels in the immediate vicinity of residential areas comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation working stage
Carrying out residential area environment investigation, wherein investigation contents comprise residential area building structure type, building structure safety condition and surrounding building plane positions, and determining the nearest position and minimum distance R between a building and a hole min Inquiring 'explosion safety regulations GB 6722-2014' (short for 'explosion regulations'), and determining an air shock wave overpressure control value delta P according to the protection grade of a building and the health requirements of personnel Control value Blasting noiseAcoustic control value L p control value And a blasting vibration speed control value V Control value 。
S2, mechanical excavation stage for tunnel entering
In the range of 5-10 m of the tunnel opening, mechanically excavating the tunnel, ensuring the safety of the structure after the tunnel is in the tunnel opening by adopting methods of matching a sleeve arch vertical frame, advanced support, short length excavation, retaining core soil by a step method, timely closing an inverted arch and the like, and timely performing sound insulation wave-blocking gate hole structure after the tunnel is in the tunnel opening, wherein the sound insulation wave-blocking gate hole structure is shown in figure 2;
s3, sound-insulating wave-blocking control blasting stage of tunnel body
S31, dividing a tunnel into a blasting area and a non-blasting area by a sound insulation wave-blocking gate hole structure which is implemented in the earlier stage, adopting a differential blasting technology to excavate the tunnel, dynamically designing blasting parameters before blasting operation, and dynamically adjusting the blasting parameters once for each operation cycle of a tunnel face; the specific process of the dynamic design of the blasting parameters is as follows: firstly, initially designing a tunneling blasting scheme of a tunnel face before blasting operation to obtain the dosage Q of a designed cutting section, and then calculating tunneling distances R of different faces according to an air shock wave overpressure prediction formula and a vibration speed prediction formula Tunneling machine Maximum dosage Q of lower cutting segment max When Q > Q max When Q < Q, the design of blasting scheme is carried out again max When the blasting scheme is determined preliminarily, the next step is carried out;
the expression of the air shock wave overpressure prediction formula is (explosive rule, strip 13.3.2):
the expression of the vibration velocity prediction formula is (explosive rule strip 13.2.4):
wherein: r is the explosive distance, Q is the explosive quantity of the cutting segment, V is the vibration speed, K and alpha are coefficients and attenuation indexes related to the terrain and geological conditions from the explosive point to the protected object respectively.
Taking a Guizhou expressway tunnel as an example, the distance between the tunnel entrance and the nearest building is 45m, and the tunneling distance R is the same as the tunneling distance R Tunneling machine The amount of the drug Q for the notched portion of the steel sheet is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 maximum dosage calculation table for slitting section
| Tunneling distance R of tunnel face Tunneling machine /m | 10 | 20 | 30 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
| Distance of bursting R Total (S) /m | 55 | 65 | 75 | 95 | 120 | 145 |
| Maximum dosage Q of cutting section max /kg | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 15.0 |
S32, carrying out influence partition evaluation aiming at preliminary determination blasting scheme
According to an air shock wave overpressure prediction formula and a vibration velocity prediction formula, predicting overpressure value and vibration velocity under the conditions of preliminarily designed slitting dosage Q and explosion center distance R, and predicting overpressure predicted value delta P Predictive value Predicted value V of vibration velocity Predictive value And control index DeltaP Control value 、V Control value Comparing; wherein,
when DeltaP Predictive value ≥ΔP Control value ，V Predictive value ≥V Control value When the blasting area is divided into severe influence areas, at the moment, the blasting scheme needs to be redesigned, the dosage of the cut-out section is reduced, and meanwhile, the sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley is timely installed in the tunnel blasting area;
when DeltaP Predictive value ＜0.8ΔP Control value ，V Predictive value ＜0.8V Control value Dividing the blasting area into weak influence areas, and controlling blasting according to a preliminary determined blasting scheme;
when DeltaP Predictive value And delta P Control value V (V) Predictive value And V is equal to Control value Under other conditions, namely when the conditions do not meet the two conditions, dividing the blasting area into slight influence areas, and at the moment, installing a sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley in the tunnel blasting area in time;
the sound-insulation wave-blocking door opening structure and the wave-blocking door curtain of the sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley are closed during blasting, and the rest time is in an open state, so that transportation and ventilation in a tunnel are guaranteed, and the sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley moves forward along with tunneling of a face. As for the sound-insulation wave-blocking door opening structure and the sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley, the specific structures are all the prior art and are not described herein.
S33, drilling and blasting construction is carried out after the blasting scheme and the influence partition control measures are determined, and the construction is carried out on site in a non-blasting area synchronouslyMonitoring and obtaining the overpressure delta P of the shock wave according to the on-site monitoring Test value Decibel L of noise p test value Sum vibration velocity V Test value The data timely adjusts and influences partition control measures; wherein,
when DeltaP Test value ≥ΔP Control value ，V Test value ≥V Control value ，L p test value ≥L p control value When the method is used, the distance between the sound-insulating wave-blocking trolley and the tunnel face in the tunnel is required to be shortened, and meanwhile, the sound-insulating wave-blocking door opening is changed into a double-layer sound-insulating wave-blocking structure (namely, a double-layer wave-blocking door curtain is designed);
when DeltaP Test value ＜0.8ΔP Control value ，V Test value ＜0.8V Control value ，L p test value ＜0.8L p control value When the blasting scheme is determined, the blasting is controlled directly according to the preliminary blasting scheme;
when DeltaP Test value And delta P Control value 、V Test value And V is equal to Control value L and p test value And L is equal to p control value When other conditions are satisfied, that is, when the two conditions are not met, the distance between the sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley and the tunnel face in the tunnel needs to be shortened.
According to the invention, the tunnel is divided into the blasting area and the non-blasting area through the sound insulation wave-blocking door opening structure, the environmental influence of blasting noise and air shock wave is considered, the blasting scheme is subjected to environmental influence assessment, partition control measures are adopted, blasting parameters are dynamically adjusted, the dosage of the cut-out section under different tunneling distances of the face is strictly controlled, meanwhile, the partition control measures are dynamically adjusted according to synchronous monitoring data of a construction site, the construction safety is ensured, the blasting noise and the air shock wave accompanying the breaking of the explosive are absorbed or blocked in the blasting area on the premise that the construction progress is not influenced, the fine control of the blasting process of the tunnel is realized, and the influence on adjacent residents in the non-blasting area can be furthest reduced.
Specifically, the specific process of implementing on-site monitoring in the non-blasting area synchronously in construction is as follows:
(1) and (5) monitoring blasting shock waves. Measuring points are arranged in a key area of a non-blasting area outside the tunnel, monitoring data are monitored by using a blasting tester, as shown in fig. 3, the measuring points are arranged at corners of a house closest to the tunnel portal, and air shock wave overpressure data are collected. The overpressure of the shock wave according to the health requirements of residents in the residential area should not exceed 2.0kPa, and the overpressure of the shock wave according to the requirements of the safety of various building structures should meet the regulations in Table 2.
TABLE 2 safety shock wave overpressure control values for various building structures
| Type(s) | Glass | Wood door and window | Brick outer wall | Wood roof | Tile roof | Reinforced concrete roof house | Reinforced concrete column |
| overpressure/kPa | 2 | 2 | 2～9 | 2～9 | 2 | 9～25 | 40～55 |
(2) And (5) detecting explosion noise. The explosion noise belongs to instantaneous noise, and the monitoring result takes the highest decibel of noise. The arrangement of the measuring points is the same as that of the blasting shock wave monitoring scheme. Burst noise is burst in construction factories such as mines, water conservancy, traffic, railways, foundation projects and the like. Not more than 110dB (A) at night and not more than 125dB (A) at daytime.
(3) And (5) monitoring the explosion vibration speed. The measuring points are selected as the particle peak vibration speed of the foundation of the protection object, and the arrangement of the measuring points is the same as that of the blasting shock wave monitoring scheme. The blast vibration control values for the ground building should be determined in conjunction with the protected object and the particle dominant frequency, as shown in table 3.
Table 3 blasting vibration safety allowance control value ([ cm·s) -1 )
| Protection object class | f≤10Hz | 10Hz<f≤50Hz | f>50Hz |
| Rubble house | 0.15～0.45 | 0.5～0.9 | 0.9～1.5 |
| General civil building | 1.5～2.0 | 2.0～2.5 | 2.5～3.0 |
Any of the above-described embodiments of the present invention disclosed herein, unless otherwise stated, if they disclose a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is the preferred numerical range, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art: the preferred numerical ranges are merely those of the many possible numerical values where technical effects are more pronounced or representative. Since the numerical values are more and cannot be exhausted, only a part of the numerical values are disclosed to illustrate the technical scheme of the invention, and the numerical values listed above should not limit the protection scope of the invention.
Meanwhile, if the above invention discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected with each other, the fixed connection may be understood as follows unless otherwise stated: detachably fixed connection (e.g. using bolts or screws) can also be understood as: the non-detachable fixed connection (e.g. riveting, welding), of course, the mutual fixed connection may also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g. integrally formed using a casting process) (except for obviously being unable to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any of the above-described aspects of the present disclosure to express positional relationship or shape have meanings including a state or shape similar to, similar to or approaching thereto unless otherwise stated. Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components, or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
The above examples are only illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Nor is it necessary or impossible to exhaust all embodiments herein. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The safe construction method for controlling the blasting noise and the shock wave of the tunnels in the close vicinity of the residential areas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparation working stage
Determining air shock wave overpressure control value delta P according to building protection level and personnel health requirements Control value Control value of blasting noise L p control value And a blasting vibration speed control value V Control value ；
S2, mechanical excavation stage for tunnel entering
Mechanical excavation is adopted within a certain range of excavation and hole entering, and after door opening construction conditions are met, a sound-insulation wave-blocking door opening structure is timely implemented;
s3, sound-insulating wave-blocking control blasting stage of tunnel body
S31, dividing a tunnel into a blasting area and a non-blasting area by a sound insulation wave-blocking gate hole structure which is implemented in the earlier stage, adopting a differential blasting technology to excavate the tunnel, dynamically designing blasting parameters before blasting operation, and dynamically adjusting the blasting parameters once for each operation cycle of a tunnel face; the specific process of the dynamic design of the blasting parameters is as follows: firstly, initially designing a tunneling blasting scheme of a tunnel face before blasting operation to obtain the dosage Q of a designed cutting section, and then calculating tunneling distances R of different faces according to an air shock wave overpressure prediction formula and a vibration speed prediction formula Tunneling machine Maximum dosage Q of lower cutting segment max When Q > Q max When Q < Q, the design of blasting scheme is carried out again max When the blasting scheme is determined preliminarily, the next step is carried out;
s32, carrying out influence partition evaluation aiming at preliminary determination blasting scheme
According to an air shock wave overpressure prediction formula and a vibration velocity prediction formula, predicting overpressure value and vibration velocity under the conditions of preliminarily designed slitting dosage Q and explosion center distance R, and predicting overpressure predicted value delta P Predictive value Predicted value V of vibration velocity Predictive value And control index DeltaP Control value 、V Control value Comparing; wherein,
when DeltaP Predictive value ≥ΔP Control value ，V Predictive value ≥V Control value When the blasting area is divided into severe influence areas, the blasting scheme needs to be redesigned at the moment, the dosage of the cutting section is reduced,meanwhile, a sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley is arranged in time in a tunnel blasting area;
when DeltaP Predictive value ＜0.8ΔP Control value ，V Predictive value ＜0.8V Control value Dividing the blasting area into weak influence areas, and controlling blasting according to a preliminary determined blasting scheme;
when DeltaP Predictive value And delta P Control value V (V) Predictive value And V is equal to Control value Under other conditions, dividing the blasting area into slight influence areas, and at the moment, timely installing a sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley in the tunnel blasting area;
s33, drilling and blasting construction is carried out after the blasting scheme and the influence partition control measures are determined, in the construction, on-site monitoring is synchronously carried out in a non-blasting area, and the overpressure delta P of the shock wave is obtained according to the on-site monitoring Test value Decibel L of noise p test value Sum vibration velocity V Test value The data timely adjusts and influences partition control measures; wherein,
when DeltaP Test value ≥ΔP Control value ，V Test value ≥V Control value ，L p test value ≥L p control value When the tunnel is used, the distance between the sound-insulating wave-blocking trolley and the tunnel face in the tunnel is required to be shortened, and meanwhile, the sound-insulating wave-blocking door opening is changed into a double-layer sound-insulating wave-blocking structure;
when DeltaP Test value ＜0.8ΔP Control value ，V Test value ＜0.8V Control value ，L p test value ＜0.8L p control value When the blasting scheme is determined, the blasting is controlled directly according to the preliminary blasting scheme;
when DeltaP Test value And delta P Control value 、V Test value And V is equal to Control value L and p test value And L is equal to p control value When other conditions are met, the distance between the sound-insulation wave-blocking trolley and the tunnel face in the tunnel needs to be shortened;
the expression of the air shock wave overpressure prediction formula is:
wherein: q is the dosage of the cutting segment, R is the explosive distance;
the expression of the vibration velocity prediction formula is:
wherein: r is the explosive distance, Q is the explosive quantity of the cutting segment, V is the vibration speed, K and alpha are coefficients and attenuation indexes related to the terrain and geological conditions from the explosive point to the protected object respectively.
2. The method for safe construction of blasting noise and shock wave control of tunnels in the immediate vicinity of the residential area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and arranging measuring points at corners of residential houses closest to the tunnel portal, and collecting vibration, air shock wave and noise data by using a blasting tester.
3. The method for safe construction of blasting noise and shock wave control of tunnels in the immediate vicinity of the residential area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: air shock wave overpressure control value deltaP Control value The value of (2) is equal to 2.0kPa.
4. The method for safe construction of blasting noise and shock wave control of tunnels in the immediate vicinity of the residential area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: blasting noise control value L p control value For different time, 110db at night and 125db at day.
5. The method for safe construction of blasting noise and shock wave control of tunnels in the immediate vicinity of the residential area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: blasting vibration control value V of ground building Control value Should be determined in conjunction with the protected object class and the monitored point master frequency f; wherein,
in case one, when the protection object is a rubble house
When f is less than or equal to 10Hz, V Control value The value is 0.15 to 0.45/. Cm.s -1 ；
When 10Hz<When f is less than or equal to 50Hz, V Control value The value is 0.5 to 0.9/. Cm.s -1 ；
When f>At 50Hz, V Control value The value is 0.9 to 1.5/. Cm.s -1 ；
In the second case, when f is less than or equal to 10Hz, V is the protection object is a civil building Control value The value is 1.5 to 2.0/. Cm.s -1 ；
When 10Hz<When f is less than or equal to 50Hz, V Control value The value is 2.0 to 2.5/. Cm.s -1 ；
When f>At 50Hz, V Control value The value is 2.5 to 3.0/. Cm.s -1 。
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| CN107063017A (en) * | 2016-12-24 | 2017-08-18 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | It is a kind of to reduce the empty eye mud vibration damping controlled blasting method in the tunnel of vibrations and noise |
| CN111336876A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-26 | 山东科技大学 | Method for reducing damage of tunnel blasting shock waves and noise |
| CN212030353U (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-11-27 | 中铁三局集团第四工程有限公司 | Movable combined trolley for reducing damage of tunnel blasting shock waves and noise |
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| JPH06249599A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-06 | Sato Kogyo Co Ltd | Expert system of blasting control |
| KR20000061481A (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-25 | 이정인 | Method for designing a tunnel-blasting pattern diagram and Recording medium with a program for providing a tunnel-blasting pattern diagram |
| KR20080003131U (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-08-06 | 이동현 | Blasting noise decrease method of tunnel |
| CN203685222U (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2014-07-02 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | Sound attenuation trolley for tunnel blast working |
| CN104315934A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-28 | 西南交通大学 | Prevention device and prevention method used for blasting air shock waves in drilling and blasting tunnel |
| CN204495212U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-07-22 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of preventing mean for boring Air blast wave in quick-fried Tunnel |
| KR101576578B1 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-11 | 이엔이건설주식회사 | Apparatus for reducing tunnel blasting noise using resonator assembly, and method for the same |
| CN107063017A (en) * | 2016-12-24 | 2017-08-18 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | It is a kind of to reduce the empty eye mud vibration damping controlled blasting method in the tunnel of vibrations and noise |
| CN111336876A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-26 | 山东科技大学 | Method for reducing damage of tunnel blasting shock waves and noise |
| CN212030353U (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-11-27 | 中铁三局集团第四工程有限公司 | Movable combined trolley for reducing damage of tunnel blasting shock waves and noise |
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