CN115181154A - Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其制备方法以及在药物领域中的应用 - Google Patents
Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其制备方法以及在药物领域中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115181154A CN115181154A CN202210777228.6A CN202210777228A CN115181154A CN 115181154 A CN115181154 A CN 115181154A CN 202210777228 A CN202210777228 A CN 202210777228A CN 115181154 A CN115181154 A CN 115181154A
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- Prior art keywords
- pyxinol
- formula
- tumor
- amide derivative
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
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- PYXFVCFISTUSOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N betulafolienetriol Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC(C(C)(O)CCC=C(C)C)C4C(O)CC3C21C PYXFVCFISTUSOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J43/00—Normal steroids having a nitrogen-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed or not condensed with the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton
- C07J43/003—Normal steroids having a nitrogen-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed or not condensed with the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton not condensed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/337—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J33/00—Normal steroids having a sulfur-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed or not condensed with the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton
- C07J33/002—Normal steroids having a sulfur-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed or not condensed with the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton not condensed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J51/00—Normal steroids with unmodified cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton not provided for in groups C07J1/00 - C07J43/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其制备方法,其结构式如式I所示,或式I所示的化合物在药学上可接受的盐,并公开了Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐,在制备肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂,或制备包含可药用载体的肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂中的应用。本发明公开的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物具有显著的抗肿瘤耐药逆转能力及抑制P‑糖蛋白功能的活性。同时在体外代谢稳定性评价中表现出更长的半衰期,可有效增加药物的活性利用时间,进而提高化合物成药的稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成和药物化学领域,具体涉及一类新型Pyxinol酰胺衍生物,含有它们的药物组合物及其制备方法和其在药物领域中的应用。
背景技术
根据国际癌症研究统计,2020年全球新发恶性肿瘤1930万例,化疗是目前临床治疗肿瘤最有效的手段之一,然而多药耐药(Multidrug Resistance,MDR)的产生是导致化疗失败和肿瘤复发的主要因素,这极大地限制了病患在治疗过程中对抗癌药物的选择和使用。MDR 主要是指某些肿瘤细胞不仅对某种类型化疗常用药物产生多药耐药性,同时也对其他多种化疗药物产生交叉耐药性,从而大大降低了肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的敏感性,降低了临床化疗的疗效和患者生存期望。其中,P-糖蛋白介导的MDR,又是最为常见的一种类型。因此,开发具有低毒、高效的P-糖蛋白调节剂是肿瘤治疗及其药物研发的热点。
天然产物及其衍生物是药物研发中先导化合物的重要来源,具有结构类型丰富、毒副作用小、安全性高等特点,被认为是发现新型P-糖蛋白调节剂的一个很有前途的来源。人参皂苷是人参的主要活性成分,Pyxinol作为人参皂苷的一类,近年来发现其是20(S)-原人参二醇在体内的主要活性代谢产物和可能发挥作用的真正有效成分被广泛关注,具有多种药理活性和良好的生物相容性,药用开发价值高。前期研究发现Pyxinol及其C-24位差向异构体可通过20(S)-原人参二醇直接环化氧化大量制备(Chin.J.Org.Chem.37(2017),2109-2114),并且发现其衍生物有肿瘤耐药逆转活性(Eur.J.Med.Chem.161(2019),118-130,专利申请公布号CN 109021058 A、CN 108992453 A)。本发明以期通过对Pyxinol 进行结构修饰与改造,获得体内稳定性更好、活性更强、具有更好针对性的P- 糖蛋白调节剂,用于治疗P-糖蛋白过表达引起的肿瘤耐药问题等疾病。
发明内容
为解决以上技术问题获得一种具有活性更强、稳定性更好的P-糖蛋白调节剂,本发明提供了一类Pyxinol酰胺衍生物、其药学可接受的盐,其具有抑制P- 糖蛋白功能的活性,治疗因其过表达引起的肿瘤耐药,本发明同时提供了该衍生物的制备及应用。
本发明要解决的技术问题是寻找新结构类型的具有抑制P-糖蛋白功能的活性化合物,应用于治疗宫颈癌、胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌等有关疾病的药物或药物组合物中。
本发明的化合物,可与一线抗肿瘤药物如紫杉醇等联合使用,用于治疗宫颈癌、胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌等有关疾病复发时的药物或药物组合物中,实现增效减毒的目的。
为解决上述问题,本发明提供以下技术方案:
一种Pyxinol酰胺衍生物,其结构式如式I所示,或式I所示的化合物在药学上可接受的盐,
式I中,K为0或C1~C10的亚烷基,K为0时,代表R直接连接在羰基上;
K优选为0或C1~C4的亚烷基;
R是未取代或者环上有1个以上取代基A的含有S原子的C3~C8的杂环基或杂环芳基,所述杂环基或杂环芳基中含有硫原子,还可以含有N、O原子中的一种或两种。即所述杂环基或杂环芳基中含有硫原子,或者含有硫原子以及N、 O原子中的一种或两种。
进一步,优选所述含有S原子的C3~C8的杂环基或杂环芳基为噻唑烷基、噻唑基、噻吩基或1,2-二硫戊环基;
所述含有S原子的C3~C8的杂环基或杂环芳基上的取代基A为C1~C3的烷基、氨基、Boc保护基或Boc保护的氨基;
所述Boc是指叔丁氧羰基,一般用来保护氨基,C3~C8的杂环基或杂环芳基上的Boc保护基一般连接在杂环中的N原子上。
Boc保护基经过脱保护基反应可以得到N-H基团,这是本领域技术人员公知的;脱Boc保护基的方法一般是用三氟乙酸处理,除去Boc保护基。
进一步,优选所述R为N-Boc-噻唑烷基、1,2-二硫戊环基、2-甲基-3-噻吩基或2-N-Boc-氨基噻唑基;
更进一步,优选所述Pyxinol酰胺衍生物为下列之一的化合物:
上述化学式的化合物名称为:
(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-N-(N'-Boc-噻唑烷甲酰基)-达玛烷-12β,25-二醇;
(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-(1,2-二硫戊环基)戊酰氨基达玛烷-12β,25-二醇;
(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-2-甲基-3-噻吩甲酰氨基达玛烷-12β,25-二醇;
(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-N-(2-N'-Boc-氨基噻唑甲酰基)-达玛烷-12β,25-二醇;
本发明还提供了上述式I所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物的制备方法,所述方法为:
式5所示的(20S,24R)-环氧达玛烷-12β,25-二醇-3-胺和式6所示的羧酸类化合物,在O-苯并三氮唑-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HBTU)和三乙胺的作用下,进行酰胺反应,制得式I所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物。
反应式如下式所示:
所述式5所示的(20S,24R)-环氧达玛烷-12β,25-二醇-3-胺和式6所示的羧酸类化合物的物质的量之比为1:1.2~2。
所述反应在有机溶剂中进行,所述有机溶剂优选DMF。
所述有机溶剂的体积用量以式5所示的(20S,24R)-环氧达玛烷-12β,25-二醇 -3-胺的物质的量计为5~20mL/mmol。
所述式5所示的(20S,24R)-环氧达玛烷-12β,25-二醇-3-胺、O-苯并三氮唑-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HBTU)、三乙胺物质的量之比为1:1.8~3:3~5。
所述反应优选在室温下进行,反应时间优选5~10min。
所述反应在氩气或氮气保护下进行。
反应完全后,反应液的后处理方式为:用水猝灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析分离,制得式I所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物。
式5所示的(20S,24R)-环氧达玛烷-12β,25-二醇-3-胺可按照中国专利申请CN109021058A公开的制备方法进行合成。
本发明衍生物药学上可接受的盐,是指常规的酸加成盐,其具有与衍生物同样的药学功效,且与合适的非毒性有机酸或无机酸成的盐。
本发明提供的式I所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐,具有显著抑制P-糖蛋白外排功能的作用,可用于制备P-糖蛋白调节剂药物或药物组合物。如临床常用药物紫杉醇对肿瘤耐药细胞株KBV细胞的IC50值为937.69± 29.48nM,本发明实施例1、2、3在对肿瘤耐药细胞KBV无毒性浓度背景下,其10μM浓度与紫杉醇联用时,紫杉醇的IC50值分别为6.24±0.10、2.61±0.11、 5.68±0.14nM,逆转倍数分别达到150、359、165倍,使对紫杉醇耐药的肿瘤耐药细胞KBV对紫杉醇的敏感性显著提高,使紫杉醇仍能以极低的浓度对其产生良好的抗肿瘤活性。
本发明提供的式I所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐,可用于制备肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂,或制备包含可药用载体的肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂;进一步,可用于制备克服P-糖蛋白介导的肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂或制备包含可药用载体的肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂。
本发明还提供式I所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,所述应用的方法中,所述抗肿瘤药物包括临床抗肿瘤药物和肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂,所述的肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂为式(I)所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐。
进一步,所述的肿瘤为乳腺癌、结肠癌、宫颈癌、肝癌、胃癌或肺癌。
所述的临床抗肿瘤药物为紫杉醇。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包括式I所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐,还可添加药学上可接受的载体制成药用制剂,如片剂、胶囊、粉剂、糖浆、悬浮液、针剂等;还可添加甜味剂、稀释剂、填充剂等常用的药用辅料。
本发明提供的药物组合物在临床上的给药方式可以采用口服、注射等方式。
本发明的药物组合物临床所用剂量为活性组分0.01mg~1000mg/天,也可根据病情的轻重或剂型的不同偏离此范围。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:
本发明所提供的式I所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐,具有显著的抗肿瘤耐药逆转能力及抑制P-糖蛋白功能的活性。如临床常用药物紫杉醇对肿瘤耐药细胞株KBV的细胞毒性上,式I所示Pyxinol酰胺衍生物使其对紫杉醇的敏感性显著提高,使紫杉醇仍能以极低的浓度对其产生良好的抗肿瘤活性,在10μM浓度下实施例1、2、3相比于第三代P-糖蛋白抑制剂Zosuquidar 和Tariquidar表现出更好的耐药逆转活性,实施例1、2、3相比于化合物S54 (20S,24R)-环氧-3β-N-(N'-Boc-脯氨酰基)-达玛烷-12β,25-二醇(CN109021058 A 实施例19化合物),抗肿瘤耐药逆转倍数也显著提高了2~5倍,表明实施例1、2、3作为高活性的P-gp抑制剂,具有较强的开发价值。同时本发明化合物在体外代谢稳定性评价中表现出更长的半衰期,可有效增加药物的活性利用时间,进而提高化合物成药的稳定性。进一步可显著下调KBV细胞中Nrf2的表达和AKT 的磷酸化来抑制AKT/Nrf2信号通路,使耐药KBV细胞对于紫杉醇诱导的细胞凋亡更敏感,进而对联用的抗肿瘤药物起到增敏作用,可用于克服肿瘤耐药及增敏肿瘤治疗。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述,但本发明的保护范围不局限于这些实施例。
实施例1:(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-N-(N'-Boc-噻唑烷甲酰基)-达玛烷-12β,25-二醇;
将20S-原人参二醇(6.000g)溶于二氯甲烷(130mL)中,加入m-CPBA (7.200g),室温搅拌5h。加水洗涤,干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析制得白色固体化合物1[(20S,24R)-环氧达玛琓-3β,12β,25-三醇]和白色固体化合物 2[(20S,24S)-环氧达玛琓-3β,12β,25-三醇]。
将化合物1(2.780g),碳酸氢钠(2.200g)溶于二氯甲烷(58mL)中,加入戴斯马丁(3.210g),加入2mL叔丁醇加速反应速率。反应3h后,加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和亚硫酸钠水溶液搅拌30min左右调节pH,用乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析制得白色固体化合物3[(20S,24R)-环氧达玛烷-12β,25-二醇-3-酮]。
将化合物3(2.470g)溶于吡啶(52mL)中,加入盐酸羟胺(3.102g),逐渐升温至80℃反应3h。加去离子水淬灭,用乙酸乙酯和饱和食盐水进行萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析制得白色固体化合物4[(20S,24R)-环氧达玛烷-12β,25-二醇-3-酮肟]。
将化合物4(980mg)、乙酸铵(385mg,5.00mmol)和氰基硼氢化钠(314 mg,5.00mmol)溶于异丙醇(40mL)中,于冰浴条件下缓慢滴加15%三氯化钛(1.9mL)室温反应3h后,用氢氧化钠溶液调至pH=10。用乙酸乙酯进行萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩后,重结晶制得白色固体化合物5[(20S,24R)- 环氧达玛烷-12β,25-二醇-3-胺]。
氮气保护下,将化合物5(20mg,0.042mmol)和N-Boc-噻唑烷甲酸(14mg,0.059mmol)溶于无水DMF(0.4mL)中,加入HBTU(24mg,0.076mmol),三乙胺(20μL),室温搅拌5~10min,加水淬灭,用乙酸乙酯萃取,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析制得目标化合物(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-N-(N'-Boc- 噻唑甲酰基)-达玛烷-12β,25-二醇。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.58(d,J=12.0Hz,2H),4.28(m,1H),3.78(dd, J=8.7,6.6Hz,1H),3.59-3.52(m,1H),3.46(dd,J=10.3,4.2Hz,1H),2.12(td,J= 10.9,3.6Hz,1H),2.01-1.42(m,13H),1.41(s,9H),1.20(s,3H),1.20(s,3H),1.02(s, 3H),0.91(s,3H),0.83(s,3H),0.81(s,3H),0.77(s,3H),0.68(s,3H).
实施例2:(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-(1,2-二硫戊环基)戊酰氨基达玛烷-12β,25-二醇;
氮气保护下,将化合物5(20mg,0.042mmol)和1,2-二硫戊环基戊酸(12 mg,0.059mmol)溶于无水DMF(0.4mL)中,加入HBTU(24mg,0.076mmol),三乙胺(20μL),室温搅拌5~10min,加水淬灭,用乙酸乙酯萃取,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析制得目标化合物(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-(1,2-二硫戊环基)戊酰氨基达玛烷-12β,25-二醇。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.23(s,1H),3.78(m,1H),3.63-3.57(m,1H), 3.51(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),3.45(m,1H),3.15-3.00(m,2H),2.39(dq,J=12.4,6.4Hz, 1H),2.12(dt,J=10.1,5.3Hz,2H),1.99-1.36(m,22H),1.21(s,3H),1.20(s,3H), 1.02(s,3H),0.91(s,3H),0.83(s,3H),0.79(s,3H),0.77(s,3H),0.69(s,3H).
实施例3:(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-2-甲基-3-噻吩甲酰氨基达玛烷-12β,25-二醇;
氮气保护下,将化合物5(20mg,0.042mmol)和2-甲基-3-噻吩甲酸(8mg,0.059mmol)溶于无水DMF(0.4mL)中,加入HBTU(24mg,0.076mmol),三乙胺(20μL),室温搅拌5~10min,加水淬灭,用乙酸乙酯萃取,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析制得目标化合物(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-2-甲基-3-噻吩甲酰氨基达玛烷-12β,25-二醇。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.09(m,1H),7.03(m,1H),5.60(d,J=9.91Hz, 1H),3.87-3.83(m,1H),3.53(td,J=10.48,4.51Hz,1H),2.69(s,3H),2.20(td,J= 10.94,3.64Hz,1H),2.06-1.47(m,20H),1.26(s,6H),1.10(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.95 (s,3H),0.92(s,3H),0.88(s,1H),0.87(s,3H),0.82(s,3H).
实施例4:(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-N-(2-N'-Boc-氨基噻唑甲酰基)-达玛烷-12β,25-二醇;
氮气保护下,将化合物5(20mg,0.042mmol)和2-N-Boc-氨基噻唑甲酸 (14mg,0.059mmol)溶于无水DMF(0.4mL)中,加入HBTU(24mg,0.076 mmol),三乙胺(20μL),室温搅拌5~10min,加水淬灭,用乙酸乙酯萃取,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,经柱层析制得目标化合物(20S,24R)-环氧 -3β-N-(2-N'-Boc-氨基噻唑甲酰基)-达玛烷-12β,25-二醇。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.84(m,1H),5.52(m,1H),3.87-3.83(m,1H), 3.53(td,J=10.43,4.44Hz,1H),2.20(td,J=10.70,3.51Hz,1H),2.07-1.62(m, 14H),1.59(s,9H),1.50(dd,J=23.59,10.69Hz,5H),1.25(s,6H),1.10(s,3H),0.99 (s,3H),0.92(s,3H),0.91(s,3H),0.86(s,3H),0.81(s,3H).
实施例5:Pyxinol酰胺衍生物在KBV细胞中对紫杉醇细胞毒性的影响
实验方法:
(1)细胞铺板:KBV耐药株细胞由中国医学科研究所陈晓光老师课题组友情馈赠。取对数生长期生长、状态良好的KBV细胞消化计数,按照2.5×103/孔接种于96孔板中,在37℃、5%CO2细胞培养箱中培养;
(2)细胞给药:细胞铺板24h贴壁后,分别加入10μM的不同衍生物并联合100nM的紫杉醇及相应溶剂对照培养,每组设置3个平行复孔。加药后将96 孔板置于培养箱中,继续培养72h;
(3)MTT检测:给予相应的药物培养细胞72h后,加入5mg/mL的MTT 溶液30μL,继续于37℃培养箱培养2~4h,弃去上清液,不得破坏孔底部形成的晶体。每孔加入150μLDMSO,放置摇床避光摇晃10min左右充分溶解甲臜结晶,最后使用酶标仪在570nm波长下检测吸光度。以加有DMSO处理的肿瘤细胞组为对照组,并用维拉帕米作为阳性对照,计算求得衍生物的抑制率。抑制率(%)=(对照组平均OD值–给药组平均OD值)/对照组平均值×100%
实施例6:MTT法检测衍生物对抗肿瘤药物紫杉醇在肿瘤耐药细胞株KBV 细胞的逆转活性
取对数生长期生长、状态良好的KBV细胞消化计数,按照2.5×103/孔接种于96孔板中。细胞铺板24h后,分别加入5μM、10μM的待测衍生物联合给予不同浓度的紫杉醇及相应溶剂对照培养。72h后弃去上清液,每孔加入30μL 的MTT溶液,继续培养2~4h后弃去上清液,每孔加入150μLDMSO,放置摇床避光摇晃10min左右充分混匀后在570nm波长下测定吸光度值(OD),以溶剂对照处理的肿瘤细胞为对照组,计算衍生物对肿瘤细胞的抑制率,并计算求得 IC50值及逆转倍数RF。
实验结果:
通过在肿瘤耐药的口腔上皮癌细胞株(KBV细胞)上得到的结果,所制备的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物均具有较好的耐药逆转活性。如表1所示,相比于阳性对照药维拉帕米,在10μM浓度下实施例1、2、3、4表现出了更好的增强抗肿瘤药物紫杉醇对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性,表明其具有作为P-糖蛋白调节剂的潜力。
另外,选取实施例1、2、3与紫杉醇联用对KBV细胞的半数抑制率的研究,见表2。在10μM浓度下,紫杉醇对KBV细胞的IC50值分别为6.24±0.10、2.61 ±0.11、5.68±0.14nM,逆转倍数分别达到150、359、165倍。前期研究发现第三代P-糖蛋白抑制剂Zosuquidar和Tariquidar在10μM浓度下紫杉醇对同一系的 KBV细胞的逆转倍数分别为114和89倍(Eur.J.Med.Chem.161(2019), 364-377)。化合物S54(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-N-(N'-Boc-脯氨酰基)-达玛烷-12β,25- 二醇(CN 109021058 A实施例19化合物)在10μM浓度下,紫杉醇对KBV细胞的IC50值为14.30±0.95,逆转倍数为66倍。相比于第三代P-糖蛋白抑制剂以及现有技术公开的肿瘤耐药逆转剂,本发明的实施例1、2、3表现出更好的耐药逆转活性,这说明本发明的化合物有作为P-糖蛋白调节剂的开发价值。
实施例7:代谢稳定性评价
依据文献每个孵育体系总体积为200μL,体系包括0.1M的PBS缓冲液 (pH=7.4)188μL,NADPH发生系统12μL。实验分为3组(n=3),依次为实验组、阳性对照组和阴性对照组。实验组为本发明实施例1化合物、化合物a (20S,24R)-环氧-3β-O-(2-Boc-氨基乙酰基)-达玛烷-12β,25-二醇(CN 108992453 A 实施例1化合物)、化合物b(20S,24R)-环氧-3β-N-(2-Boc-氨基乙酰基)-达玛烷 -12β,25-二醇(CN 109021058 A实施例1化合物)的孵育体系;阳性对照组为含阳性对照药维拉帕米的孵育体系,以确定反应体系的活性;阴性对照组的孵育体系中不含NADPH,以确定实施例3/化合物a/化合物b在反应体系中的稳定性。置于37℃水浴预孵育3min后,加入NADPH启动反应,设置0、5、10、20、 40、60min,6个取样点待反应完毕之后加入400μL含内标的冰甲醇终止反应。
将孵育0min时间点待测化合物的浓度作为100%,其他孵育时间点的浓度转换为百分剩余量,将各时间点的百分剩余量的自然对数对孵育时间作线性回归,求算得斜率k,根据公式,T1/2=-0.693/k可以计算得到体外半衰期。
实施例1T1/2=7.43
化合物aT1/2=6.25
化合物b T1/2=6.95
化合物a结构式中C-3位的酯键易水解,不稳定,导致化合物半衰期减少,相应也会降低其活性作用时间。本发明提供的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物用酰胺键代替易水解的酯键,而且利用生物电子等排体将化合物结构修饰为含硫原子的噻唑环等较难水解的杂环,增加了化合物的半衰期,有利于提高药物的活性作用时间。
实施例8:实施例2化合物通过AKT/Nrf2信号通路对P-糖蛋白功能的影响
据报道,许多细胞信号通路对MDR有着重要的影响。其中,AKT/Nrf2通路的激活与抗肿瘤药物耐药密切相关,紫杉醇等一线抗肿瘤药物诱导耐药细胞凋亡时,肿瘤耐药细胞会通过上调活性氧自由基和抗氧化酶,诱导AKT、Nrf2等表达,从而进一步诱导肿瘤细胞的MDR,增加肿瘤细胞对外在刺激的抵抗力,与P-糖蛋白的功能有关。为了评估实施例2化合物对P-糖蛋白功能的影响,使用Western blot检测KBV细胞中AKT/Nrf2信号通路关键蛋白的表达或磷酸化。将KBV细胞以3×105/2mL的密度接种于6孔板中,分别加入2.5、5、10和20μM的实施例2置培养箱孵育48h。通过Western blot检测KBV细胞中Nrf2的表达和AKT的磷酸化。
与单独使用紫杉醇组相比,同实施例2化合物联用组会随着浓度的递增, P-AKT、Nrf2的表达量显著下降(P<0.01),而AKT的表达不变。该结果说明了实施例2化合物与紫杉醇联用可显著下调KBV细胞中Nrf2的表达和AKT的磷酸化来抑制AKT/Nrf2信号通路,使耐药KBV细胞对于紫杉醇诱导的细胞凋亡更敏感。进而对联用的抗肿瘤药物起到增敏作用,可用于克服肿瘤耐药及增敏肿瘤治疗。
表1Pyxinol酰胺衍生物在KBV细胞中对紫杉醇细胞毒性的影响
表2实施例1、2、3耐药逆转活性测定
Compound | IC<sub>50</sub>±SD(nM) | Reversal fold |
Ptx | 937.69±29.48 | 1 |
+5μM实施例1 | 25.37±1.43 | 37 |
+10μM实施例1 | 6.24±0.10 | 150 |
+5μM实施例2 | 9.04±0.17 | 103 |
+10μM实施例2 | 2.61±0.11 | 359 |
+5μM实施例3 | 31.46±1.90 | 30 |
+10μM实施例3 | 5.68±0.14 | 165 |
+5μM化合物S54 | 34.33±0.49 | 27 |
+10μM化合物S54 | 14.30±0.95 | 66 |
+5μM维拉帕米 | 14.98±0.74 | 63 |
+10μM维拉帕米 | 7.32±0.38 | 128 |
以上描述仅为本申请的部分实施例以及对所运用技术原理的说明。
本领域技术人员应当理解,本申请中所涉及的发明范围,并不限于上述技术特征组合而成的技术方案,同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述发明构思的情况下,有上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其他技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的但不限于具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。
Claims (10)
2.如权利要求1所述的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物,其特征在于所述K为0或C1~C4的亚烷基。
3.如权利要求1所述的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物,其特征在于所述含有S原子的C3~C8的杂环基或杂环芳基为噻唑烷基、噻唑基、噻吩基或1,2-二硫戊环基。
4.如权利要求1所述的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物,其特征在于所述R为N-Boc-噻唑烷基、1,2-二硫戊环基、2-甲基-3-噻吩基或2-N-Boc-氨基噻唑。
7.如权利要求1~5之一所述的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐,在制备肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂,或制备包含可药用载体的肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂中的应用。
8.如权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐在制备克服P-糖蛋白介导的肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂或制备包含可药用载体的肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂中的应用。
9.如权利要求1~5之一所述的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,所述应用的方法中,所述抗肿瘤药物包括临床抗肿瘤药物和肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂,所述的肿瘤耐药逆转剂/肿瘤药物增敏剂为式(I)所示的Pyxinol酰胺衍生物及其医学上可接受的盐。
10.如权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于所述的肿瘤为乳腺癌、结肠癌、宫颈癌、肝癌、胃癌或肺癌;
所述的临床抗肿瘤药物为紫杉醇。
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