CN115176606A

CN115176606A - Biomass straw chopper

Info

Publication number: CN115176606A
Application number: CN202211098492.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王冶; 常建国
Original assignee: Heilongjiang Jinghe Agricultural Machinery Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Heilongjiang Jinghe Agricultural Machinery Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-09
Filing date: 2022-09-09
Publication date: 2022-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-09
Also published as: CN115176606B

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass straw chopper, which belongs to the technical field of biomass straw processing machinery and aims at solving the problems that a raw material barrel supporting and limiting bearing and an open chain of the existing straw crushing equipment are easy to block due to the accumulation of leaked crushed materials and grass is plugged in a radial plate of a hammer type crushing rotor, the operation reliability of the equipment is directly influenced, the structure is complex and the maintenance is inconvenient. The invention is suitable for biomass straw chopping operation.

Description

Biomass straw chopper

Technical Field

The invention belongs to biomass straw processing machinery in the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a biomass straw chopper.

Background

Biomass straw bundled or scattered is used as a raw material in biomass straw power plants, cogeneration enterprises and central heating enterprises. When feeding the biomass boiler, the bundled straws or the scattered straws are required to be cut up so as to be beneficial to full combustion. For solving the problem of straw raw material shredding, the technical scheme of the existing straw shredding equipment is that a raw material cylinder is arranged on a platform, a hammer type smashing rotor is arranged on the platform, the outer side of the raw material cylinder is uniformly distributed in two vertical and horizontal directions to limit a rolling bearing, the outer side of the raw material cylinder is circumferentially provided with a chain and is in open engagement with a chain wheel driven by a speed reducer, the raw material cylinder is driven to rotate horizontally under the limit support of the rolling bearing in the two vertical and horizontal directions, and the straw raw material in the raw material cylinder is enabled to be continuously overturned to ensure high-efficiency smashing. The disadvantages are as follows: the spacing precision of former feed cylinder support is not high, chain and speed reducer driven sprocket meshing degree is not enough, open meshing presss from both sides the grass easily, lead to former feed cylinder horizontal rotation unstable, it also is open installation to be used for the spacing antifriction bearing of former feed cylinder support, the straw crushed aggregates that the course of work spills are piled up and are blockked up influence bearing roll and damage even, also often fill in the radials of hammer leaf formula crushing rotor and grass, direct influence equipment operation reliability and work efficiency, equipment structure is also more complicated, it is not convenient enough to maintain. To sum up, the existing straw crushing equipment has the problems of poor reliability, complex structure and inconvenient maintenance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a biomass straw chopper which is high in reliability, simple in structure and convenient to maintain.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention relates to a biomass straw chopper, which comprises a frame, a platform, supporting legs, a driving motor and a charging barrel, and also comprises a roller limiting driver, a rotating body, a chopping device and a base, wherein the roller limiting driver comprises a speed reducing motor, a driving shaft, a support and rollers, the support is U-shaped, the driving shaft is rotationally arranged on support arms at two sides of the U-shaped support and is positioned in the support arms at two sides of the U-shaped support, the two rollers are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the driving shaft at intervals, an output shaft of the speed reducing motor is connected with the driving shaft through a coupler, the rotating body consists of a guide rail, a rotating disc, an outer friction plate and an inner friction plate, the rotating disc is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the outer side of the charging barrel, the lower plane of the rotating disc is provided with a guide rail along the circumferential direction, and the guide rail is in the shape of a vertical plate, the lower plane of the turntable is provided with an outer friction plate and an inner friction plate along the circumference, the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate are positioned at two sides of the guide rail, the guide rail is embedded into a hollow space formed by the two rollers at intervals along the vertical direction, the two rollers are respectively and correspondingly attached to the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate from the lower part, three roller limiting drivers are uniformly distributed on the rotor along the circumferential direction, the roller limiting drivers are fixedly arranged on the platform, so that the charging barrel is limited and supported on the platform along the vertical direction and the radial direction, the driving motor and the shredding device are respectively arranged on the base, the driving motor is connected with the shredding device through a driving belt, and the shredding device upwards extends out of an opening arranged on the platform into the charging barrel.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the shredding device includes a rotor housing and a rotor, the rotor housing is disposed on the base, the rotor is rotatably disposed in the rotor housing, the rotor housing is provided with a horizontal upper opening, the rotor housing is fastened to the opening of the platform through the horizontal upper opening from below, the rotor body is in a cylindrical shape, hammer cutters are uniformly disposed on the surface of the rotor body along the circumferential direction, the hammer cutters are disposed in two rows along the axial direction of the rotor, fixed cutters are disposed on a side wall plate at the inlet end of the horizontal upper opening of the rotor housing, the fixed cutters are disposed on two sides of each row of the hammer cutters, cutting edges of the fixed cutters are horizontally upward, the rotor extends upward from the horizontal upper opening into the charging barrel and is disposed on the platform, and guides are disposed on two ends of the cylindrical barrel of the rotor body in a left-right symmetrical manner.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, grass poking plates are uniformly and vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the charging barrel along the circumference, a sealing ring is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the charging barrel, a sealing ring is arranged on the platform, the sealing ring is in the shape of a vertical steel plate ring, and the sealing ring is positioned below the sealing ring.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the biomass straw chopper provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

two rollers of the roller limiting driver are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the driving shaft at intervals, the guide rail of the rotor is embedded into a neutral gear formed by the two rollers at intervals along the vertical direction, the two rollers are respectively and correspondingly attached and pressed on the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate from the lower part, three roller limiting drivers are uniformly distributed and arranged on the rotor along the circumferential direction, and the roller limiting drivers are fixedly arranged on the platform, so that the charging barrel is limited and supported on the platform along the vertical direction and the radial direction. During operation, this outer friction plate and this inner friction plate drive this feed cylinder of this rotor of two gyro wheels friction of this gyro wheel limit drive ware are rotatory, have realized spacing and rotation driving simultaneously, have cancelled chain and sprocket mesh open drive, and two perpendicular and horizontal directions antifriction bearing limit support, have eliminated the forage that spills to rotation driving's influence, make the drive more steady reliable, the structure is simplified more simultaneously. Because this rotor body is cylindrical shape, its surface sets up the hammer sword along the circumferencial direction equipartition, and this hammer sword sets up to two rows along this rotor axial, sets up the stationary knife on the lateral wall board of the horizontal upper shed entrance point of this rotor housing, and this stationary knife is located every row of this hammer sword both sides, and this stationary knife blade level is upwards, and this rotor follows the opening upwards stretches out to in the feed cylinder on the level, be located above this platform, the body cylinder both ends bilateral symmetry of rotor sets up the director. Therefore, the rotary hammer cutter of the rotor is matched with the fixed cutter to crush the straws, grass winding and grass plugging can be avoided, the structure is simplified, and the maintenance is more convenient. The effects of high reliability, simple structure and convenient maintenance are obtained.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the configuration of the biomass stalk shredder of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of I in FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of ii in fig. 3.

In the figure: a frame 1; a roller limiting driver 2; a barrel 3; a guide rail 4; a rotor case 5; a drive motor 6; a turntable 7; a platform 8; a support leg 9; a base 10; a guide 11; a grass poking plate 12; a rotor 13; an outer friction plate 14; a reduction motor 15; a drive shaft 16; a support 17; a roller 18; a seal ring 19; a seal ring 20; an inner friction plate 21; a hammer blade 22; a stationary knife 23.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:

as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the biomass straw chopper of the invention is provided, which comprises a frame 1, a platform 8, a support leg 9, a driving motor 6, a barrel 3, a roller limit driver 2, a rotator, a chopping device and a base 10, wherein the platform 8, the support leg 9, the driving motor 6 and the barrel 3 are arranged on the frame 1, the roller limit driver 2 comprises a speed reduction motor 15, a driving shaft 16, a support seat 17 and rollers 18, the support seat 17 is U-shaped, the driving shaft 16 is rotatably arranged on two side arms of the U-shaped support seat 17 and is positioned in the two side arms of the U-shaped support seat 17, the two rollers 18 are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the driving shaft 16 at intervals, an output shaft of the speed reduction motor 15 is coupled with the driving shaft 16 through a coupling, the rotator is composed of a guide rail 4, a rotary table 7, an outer friction plate 14 and an inner friction plate 21, the rotary table 7 is horizontally and is fixedly arranged outside the barrel 3, the lower plane of the rotary table 7 is provided with a guide rail 4 along the circumferential direction, the guide rail 4 is in the shape of a vertical plate ring, the lower plane of the rotary table 7 is provided with an outer friction plate 14 and an inner friction plate 21 along the circumference, the outer friction plate 14 and the inner friction plate 21 are positioned at two sides of the guide rail 4, the guide rail 4 is embedded into a gap formed by the two rollers 18 at intervals along the vertical direction, the two rollers 18 are respectively and correspondingly attached to the outer friction plate 14 and the inner friction plate 21 from the lower part, three roller limit drivers 2 are uniformly distributed on the rotor along the circumferential direction, the roller limit drivers 2 are fixedly arranged on the platform 8, so that the material cylinder 3 is limited and supported on the platform 8 along the vertical direction and the radial direction, the driving motor 6 and the shredding device are respectively arranged on the base 10, the driving motor 6 is connected with the shredding device through a driving belt, the shredding device projects upwardly into the cartridge 3 from an opening provided in the platform 8.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, and 7, the shredding device includes a rotor housing 5, a rotor 13, the rotor housing 5 is disposed on the base 10, the rotor 13 is rotatably disposed in the rotor housing 5, the rotor housing 5 is provided with a horizontal upper opening, the rotor housing 5 is fastened to the opening provided on the platform 8 from below through the horizontal upper opening, the rotor 13 is cylindrical, hammer blades 22 are uniformly disposed on the surface of the rotor 13 in the circumferential direction, the hammer blades 22 are disposed in two rows along the axial direction of the rotor 13, the rotor housing 5 is provided with stationary blades 23 on the side wall plate at the inlet end of the horizontal upper opening, the stationary blades 23 are disposed on both sides of each row of the hammer blades 22, the cutting edge of the stationary blades 23 is horizontally upward, the rotor 13 extends upward from the horizontal upper opening into the barrel 3 and is disposed on the platform 8, and guides 11 are symmetrically disposed on both ends of the cylindrical barrel of the rotor 13.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, grass-poking plates 12 are uniformly and vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the charging barrel 3 along the circumference, a sealing ring 19 is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the charging barrel 3, a sealing ring 20 is arranged on the platform 8, the sealing ring 20 is in the shape of an upright steel plate ring, and the sealing ring 20 is positioned below the sealing ring 19.

The working principle of the invention is that the driving motor 6 and the reducing motor 15 are started in sequence, the driving motor 6 drives the rotor 13 to rotate, the reducing motor 15 drives the two rollers 18, the two rollers 18 rub the outer friction plate 14 and the inner friction plate 21 of the rotor to drive the charging barrel 3 to rotate, the rotor 13 and the charging barrel 3 add straw bundles or scattered straws into the charging barrel 3 after reaching working parameters, the hammer knife 22 on the rotor 13 is matched with the fixed knife 23 arranged on the rotor shell 5 to chop and discharge the straws, and the straw materials are continuously turned over and fully contacted with the rotor 13 under the action of the straw stirring plate 12 arranged on the inner side wall of the charging barrel 3, thereby realizing the efficient chopping of the straws.

In the operation process, the sealing ring 19 arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the charging barrel 3 is matched with the sealing ring 20 arranged on the platform 8 and positioned below the sealing ring 19, so that the grass is prevented from leaking outwards from the lower end of the charging barrel 3; the guide rail 4 is embedded into a space formed by the two rollers 18 at intervals along the vertical direction to limit the position of the charging barrel 3 in the radial direction, and the two rollers 18 are respectively and correspondingly attached to the outer friction plate 14 and the inner friction plate 21 from the lower part to limit the position of the charging barrel 3 along the vertical direction. Has the characteristics of simple structure, stable and reliable work and convenient maintenance.

The invention is suitable for biomass straw chopping operation.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a living beings straw chopper, includes frame (1) and platform (8), landing leg (9) of setting on this frame (1) to and driving motor (6), feed cylinder (3), its characterized in that: the roller limiting driver (2) comprises a reducing motor (15), a driving shaft (16), a support (17) and rollers (18), the support (17) is U-shaped, the driving shaft (16) is rotatably arranged on support arms on two sides of the U-shaped support (17) and is positioned in the support arms on two sides of the U-shaped support (17), the two rollers (18) are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the driving shaft (16) at intervals, an output shaft of the reducing motor (15) is connected with the driving shaft (16) through a coupling, the rotating body consists of a guide rail (4), a rotating disc (7), an outer friction plate (14) and an inner friction plate (21), the rotating disc (7) is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the outer side of the charging barrel (3), a guide rail (4) is arranged on the lower plane of the rotating disc (7) along the circumferential direction, the guide rail (4) is in a circular ring shape, an outer friction plate (14) and an inner friction plate (21) are arranged on the lower plane of the rotating disc (7) along the circumference, the outer friction plate (14) and the inner friction plate (21) are positioned on the guide rail (4) and are respectively attached to the upper side of the inner friction plate (18) along the direction, the guide rail (18), the hollow space of the two rollers (18), three roller limiting drivers (2) are uniformly distributed on the rotating body in the circumferential direction, the roller limiting drivers (2) are fixedly arranged on the platform (8), the charging barrel (3) is supported on the platform (8) in a limiting mode in the vertical direction and the radial direction, the driving motor (6) and the shredding device are respectively arranged on the base (10), the driving motor (6) is connected with the shredding device through a transmission belt, and the shredding device upwards extends out of an opening formed in the platform (8) into the charging barrel (3).

2. The biomass straw chopper of claim 1, wherein: the chopping device comprises a rotor shell (5) and a rotor (13), wherein the rotor shell (5) is arranged on the base (10), the rotor (13) is rotatably arranged in the rotor shell (5), the rotor shell (5) is provided with a horizontal upper opening, the rotor shell (5) is buckled on an opening formed by the platform (8) through the horizontal upper opening, the rotor (13) is cylindrical, hammer knives (22) are uniformly distributed on the surface of the rotor shell along the circumferential direction, the hammer knives (22) are axially arranged in two rows along the rotor (13), fixed knives (23) are arranged on a side wall plate of an inlet end of the horizontal upper opening of the rotor shell (5), the fixed knives (23) are positioned on two sides of each row of the hammer knives (22), cutting edges of the fixed knives (23) are horizontally upward, the rotor (13) extends out of the horizontal upper opening to the charging barrel (3) and positioned on the platform (8), and guides (11) are symmetrically arranged at the left and the right sides of two ends of the body of the rotor (13).

3. The biomass straw chopper of claim 1 or 2, wherein: grass poking plates (12) are vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the charging barrel (3) along the circumference in an evenly distributed mode, sealing rings (19) are arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the charging barrel (3), sealing rings (20) are arranged on the platform (8), the sealing rings (20) are in the shape of vertical steel plate rings, and the sealing rings (20) are located below the sealing rings (19).