CN115176536A - Grape vine burying machine - Google Patents
Grape vine burying machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115176536A CN115176536A CN202210420437.5A CN202210420437A CN115176536A CN 115176536 A CN115176536 A CN 115176536A CN 202210420437 A CN202210420437 A CN 202210420437A CN 115176536 A CN115176536 A CN 115176536A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
- A01B39/12—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture
- A01B39/16—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture for working in vineyards, orchards, or the like ; Arrangements for preventing damage to vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
- A01B39/12—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture
- A01B39/16—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture for working in vineyards, orchards, or the like ; Arrangements for preventing damage to vines
- A01B39/163—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture for working in vineyards, orchards, or the like ; Arrangements for preventing damage to vines comprising rotating tools
- A01B39/166—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture for working in vineyards, orchards, or the like ; Arrangements for preventing damage to vines comprising rotating tools actively driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
- A01B39/20—Tools; Details
- A01B39/22—Tools; Mounting tools
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grape vine burying machine, which comprises a traction frame, wherein the traction frame is horizontally arranged, and a main transmission and reversing gear box is arranged above the left end of the traction frame; a rotary tillage soil taking mechanism is arranged below the traction frame corresponding to the positions of the main transmission gear box and the reversing gear box; and a longitudinal soil conveying mechanism is arranged below the right end of the traction frame, and a transverse soil conveying mechanism is arranged on the right side of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism. According to the invention, the whole structure of the grape vine burying machine is improved, so that mechanical production of overwintering and earthing of grapes can be realized, and the problem of large soil demand for vine burying in severe cold areas is solved by arranging the rotary tillage soil taking mechanism; the soil taken out by the rotary tillage soil taking part is uniformly and intensively thrown on the grapevines by arranging the soil conveying mechanism; the method is simpler to operate, the operation quality is greatly improved, and the soil burying efficiency is higher; the labor consumption is saved, the production cost of the grapes is obviously reduced, and the economic benefit of agricultural production is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grape production equipment, in particular to a grape vine burying machine.
Background
Grapes are the main fruit variety in China. In recent years, the grape industry has been greatly developed along with the adjustment of the rural industrial structure in China. Particularly in the last decade, the planting area and yield of grapes are always on the rise. According to the statistical data of Ministry of agriculture, the grape cultivation area in China is 40.81 million hectares in 2005, the yield reaches 579.4 million tons, the cultivation area is sixth in the fruit tree cultivation in China, the yield is fifth, and the fourth and fifth are respectively arranged in the world. In the main grape production areas of Xinjiang, shandong, hebei, liaoning, shanxi, jilin, henan and the like, the large-scale and industrialized development pattern of grape production is formed. Along with the large-scale development of grape production, the demand for whole-process mechanization of grape production is higher and higher, and conditions are provided for the whole-process mechanization development of grape production.
According to the research, the grape branches and tendrils can bear the low temperature of-16 ℃, the eyes can bear the low temperature of-13 ℃, and the frost resistance of the root system is the weakest. The roots of European species such as longan, rose, grape crown and the like of self-rooted seedlings are frozen at the temperature of between 5 ℃ below zero and 7 ℃ below zero; european hybrids such as rose syrup (Bowland), rose reuteri (Blaston), and Nigla are frozen at-6 deg.C to-8 deg.C; betada (riparian grapes x American grapes) can resist low temperature of-13 ℃; the vitis amurensis can resist the low temperature of-15 ℃. Therefore, the over-freezing index of the grapes is 145 days per average day at-5 ℃ and the extreme lowest temperature is-30.6 ℃, so that anti-freezing measures must be taken for the grapes to live through the winter.
Due to specific geographic environment and meteorological conditions in China, high-quality grape production areas are mostly in northwest and north regions, and a specific grape planting mode in China is formed, namely, main operation links of grape production in the northern region in China are as follows: picking up vines in spring, tying up the vines on shelf, weeding, fertilizing, watering, spraying a medicament, harvesting, burying the vines in winter and the like, wherein the burying needs to be finished before winter. At present, in the production of grapes in northern areas of China, vine burying in winter is the operation with the greatest labor intensity, high quality requirement and strong timeliness in the grape planting production process. When grape vines are buried in soil for cold protection and are windy, the soil needs to be finely crushed to prevent large soil blocks from being lapped, and hollow ventilation strips are arranged. The branches and tendrils are prevented from being damaged by burying soil and pressing the tendrils so as to avoid disease dip-dyeing and influence on yield in the next year. The soil taking position is not too close to the root, the minimum distance is about 50cm, so that the root is prevented from being frozen, field inspection is carried out in winter after soil burying and cold protection, and the problem is found and remedied in time. After winter protection, water for winter is filled in time to ensure the plants to live through the winter safely. Grape root systems are usually distributed in soil layers 20-60 cm below the ground surface, and the depth reaches 100cm. Grape is easy to generate adventitious roots, and after the roots are injured, a large amount of roots are regenerated near the wounds, so that proper root cutting is possible in cultivation, but a large amount of roots cannot be cut. The temperature of the soil for root growth is 21-25 ℃, and the growth is stopped when the temperature is over 28 ℃ or below 10 ℃. The grape has developed root system, strong absorption capacity and nutrient storage capacity, but poor cold resistance, is afraid of freezing compared with the tendrils, and can be frozen and damaged even frozen to death when the soil temperature is between 4 ℃ below zero and 6 ℃ below zero. Once the root system suffers from freezing damage in winter, the growth of branches and tendrils and fruiting in the next year are greatly influenced. Therefore, special attention needs to be paid to cold protection of the root system when the soil is buried for cold protection. However, for a long time, in production links such as grape planting management and the like, vine burying operation is still mainly manual, and the manual operation has the defects of low labor efficiency, uneven soil burying, large soil blocks and easiness in air leakage and ventilation, so that the grape vines are extremely easy to air-dry and die. This severely limits the development process of grape industrialization. Therefore, grape planting farmers have strong requirements for realizing mechanical operation in the production link, but the existing equipment cannot fully meet the requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a grape vine burying machine, which solves the problems in the background technology by improving and designing the overall structure of the grape vine burying machine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a grape vine burying machine comprises a traction frame, wherein the traction frame is horizontally arranged, a main transmission gear box and a reversing gear box are arranged above the left end of the traction frame, and a rotary tillage soil taking mechanism is arranged below the traction frame corresponding to the positions of the main transmission gear box and the reversing gear box;
and a longitudinal soil conveying mechanism is arranged below the right end of the traction frame, and a transverse soil conveying mechanism is arranged on the right side of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism.
Preferably, the bottom surfaces of the main transmission gear box and the reversing gear box are fixedly connected with the top surface of the traction frame.
Preferably, a longitudinal soil conveying mechanism protective cover is arranged above the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism, and a longitudinal soil conveying transmission chain wheel is arranged inside the upper end of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism.
Preferably, the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism protective cover is arranged in a penetrating manner with the inside of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism.
Preferably, a protective cover of the transverse soil conveying mechanism is arranged above the transverse soil conveying mechanism.
Preferably, the bottom end of the protective cover of the transverse soil conveying mechanism is communicated with the inside of the transverse soil conveying mechanism.
Preferably, the output rod of the main transmission gear box and the output rod of the reversing gear box sequentially penetrate through the shield of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism and the shield of the transverse soil conveying mechanism and extend to the right side of the shield of the transverse soil conveying mechanism, and the right end surface of the output rod of the main transmission gear box and the output rod of the reversing gear box is provided with a transverse soil conveying transmission chain wheel.
Preferably, the right end side face of the traction frame is fixedly provided with a universal traveling wheel assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the grape vine burying machine provided by the invention, the overall structure of the grape vine burying machine is improved and designed, so that mechanical production of overwintering covering soil for grapes can be realized, the scale of grape production can be effectively promoted, the production cost of the grapes is obviously reduced, the labor is saved, more income is increased for farmers, and the economic benefit of agricultural production is improved.
2. The invention has reasonable design, simple and convenient operation, greatly improved operation quality and higher soil burying efficiency; the rotary tillage soil taking mechanism is arranged, so that the problem of large soil demand for vine burying in severe cold areas in China is solved; the soil taken out by the rotary tillage soil taking part is uniformly and intensively thrown on the grapevines by arranging the soil conveying mechanism; through setting up collection transmission and switching-over function in an organic whole gear box for grape buries rattan machine soil conveying mechanism can select to bury the direction of soil.
3. The invention can realize mechanized production of the overwintering soil covering of the grapes, powerfully promote the scale of the grape production, increase the income of farmers, and increase the income of the farmers, so that more funds can be invested to buy advanced agricultural equipment, thereby better serving various fields of modern agricultural production and socialist new rural construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a grape vine burying machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a transmission structure of the grape vine burying machine in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a rotary tillage soil taking mechanism; 2. a traction frame; 3. a longitudinal soil transport mechanism; 4. a lateral soil transport mechanism; 5. a universal traveling wheel assembly; 6. a lateral soil transport mechanism shield; 7. a longitudinal soil transport mechanism shield; 8. a longitudinal soil transport drive sprocket; 9. a transverse soil conveying drive sprocket; 10. a reversing gear box.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-2, the grape vine burying machine provided by the invention comprises a traction frame 2, wherein the traction frame 2 is horizontally arranged, a main transmission and reversing gear box 10 is arranged above the left end of the traction frame 2, a rotary tillage soil taking mechanism 1 is arranged below the traction frame 2 corresponding to the main transmission and reversing gear box 10, and the bottom surface of the main transmission and reversing gear box 10 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the traction frame 2;
a longitudinal soil conveying mechanism 3 is arranged below the right end of the traction frame 2, a transverse soil conveying mechanism 4 is arranged on the right side of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism 3, a longitudinal soil conveying mechanism shield 7 is arranged above the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism 3, a longitudinal soil conveying transmission chain wheel 8 is arranged inside the upper end of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism 3, and the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism shield 7 is communicated with the inside of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism 3;
a transverse soil conveying mechanism shield 6 is arranged above the transverse soil conveying mechanism 4, the bottom end of the transverse soil conveying mechanism shield 6 is communicated with the inside of the transverse soil conveying mechanism 4, an output rod of a main transmission and reversing gear box 10 sequentially penetrates through a longitudinal soil conveying mechanism shield 7 and the transverse soil conveying mechanism shield 6 and extends to the right side of the transverse soil conveying mechanism shield 6, a transverse soil conveying transmission chain wheel 9 is arranged on the surface of the right end of the output rod of the main transmission and reversing gear box 10, and a universal traveling wheel assembly 5 is fixedly arranged on the side face of the right end of the traction frame 2;
when the vine burying machine and the tractor work, the vine burying machine and the tractor are connected by adopting a standard three-point suspension mode, and a power output shaft transmits power. The whole machine mainly comprises a power transmission mechanism, a rotary tillage soil taking mechanism, a soil conveying mechanism, universal traveling wheels and the like.
When the vine is buried, the rotating speed of a power output shaft is generally 540r/min. For a tractor with dual output rotating speeds of 540r/min or 720r/min, 540r/rain can be selected for operation when the soil is hard and the grape row spacing is 1.8-2 m; 720r/min can be selected for operation when the soil is soft and the row spacing of the grapes is 2-2.2 m.
The rotation radius of the soil-rotating knife of the grape vine burying machine designed by the machine model is 318mm, the power of a tractor matched with the machine set is 36.75kw, and the rotation speed of a power output shaft of the tractor is 540r/min. Regarding the rotating speed of the cutter shaft of the rotary cultivator, a low gear is generally selected when the soil with larger specific resistance is cultivated or cultivated in a dry land, the rotating speed is about 200r/min, a high gear is selected when the soil with smaller specific resistance is cultivated in a water land, a harrowing land and a cultivating field, the rotating speed is generally about 270r/min, and the rotating speed of the cutter shaft is 240r/min. Considering the cutter shaft of the grape vine burying machine, the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism and the transverse soil conveying mechanism both need power transmission. The power transmission system shown in fig. 2 is designed herein. The designed power transmission system is mainly divided into three parts:
in the first part, power is transmitted to a middle transmission gear box through a power output shaft of the tractor and is transmitted to a side transmission box through a bevel gear and a transmission shaft, and the side transmission box is transmitted to a rotary tillage cutter shaft through gear transmission.
And in the second part, power is transmitted to the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism from an output shaft on the side transmission case through a chain wheel and a chain.
And the third part is that the power is transmitted to the transverse soil conveying mechanism through a rear output shaft of the intermediate transmission gear box, a transmission shaft, a chain wheel and a chain.
In order to convey the soil of the soil collecting shovel part to the position where vines need to be buried to the maximum extent and ensure that the soil loosened by the rotary tillage cutter cannot be blocked in the soil collecting shovel, the vertical and horizontal conveying belts need to select the highest speed as much as possible, namely the rotating speed of the vertical and horizontal conveying shafts needs to be greater than or equal to that of the rotary tillage cutter shaft, and the rotating speed of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is selected to be equal to that of the vertical and horizontal conveying belts.
2.3.3 calculation of shaft powers
Setting the transmission efficiency of the cylindrical gear, the conical gear, the ball bearing, the roller bearing and the coupling to eta 1 、η 2 、η 3 、η 4 、η 5 Looking up handbook to get eta 1 ＝0.97、η 2 ＝0.95、η 3 ＝0.99、η 4 ＝0.98、η 5 ＝0.98
Then P is 1 ＝P＝36.75kw
P 2 ＝P 1 ·η 2 ·η 4 ＝36.75×0.95×0.98＝34.215kw
P 3 ＝P 2 ·η 2 ·η 4 ＝34.215×0.95×0.98＝31.854kw
Namely the power of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is 26.55kw.
The rotary cultivator is an important working part of the rotary cultivator, the shape and parameters of the blade directly influence the working quality and power consumption of the rotary cultivator, and the reasonable design of the curve shapes of the side cutting surface, the transition surface and the normal cutting surface of the blade is a key point for designing and researching the rotary cultivator. Because the soil rotating knife of the grape vine burying machine works between grape vine rows, the working conditions are severe, and the working difficulty is high. The soil rotating knife designed in the paper can meet the following requirements besides soil dredging and soil breaking:
(1) The depth of the soil rotating knife is large
Because the temperature in Xinjiang, ningxia and other areas where grapes are mainly produced in China often reaches-20 ℃ to-30 ℃ in winter, the grape vine burying amount in winter is required to be large in order to prevent the frost damage of the grape vines, and the grape vine burying machine is required to have enough rotary tillage soil taking depth to reach the soil amount required by vine burying.
(2) The soil rotating cutter has the soil throwing function
The grape vine burying machine designed by the text is used for throwing all the soil which is rotary-tilled by the rotary-tilling soil taking part into the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism, and the soil rotating cutter is required to have the function of throwing the soil backwards, so that the power consumption is reduced, and the phenomenon of soil congestion at the front end of the machine set is avoided.
(3) The power consumption of the soil rotating cutter during working is small
The population of China is large, the per-capita resources are relatively in short supply, the design of the soil-rotating cutter reduces the power consumption during working as much as possible in consideration of economic benefits, energy conservation and emission reduction. Reducing emissions to protect the environment.
(4) The arrangement of the soil-rotating knife group needs to be reasonable
The reasonable arrangement of the soil rotating cutters can reduce the lateral force of the machine set, increase the capability of the rotary tillage soil taking part for throwing soil backwards and reduce power consumption.
The soil-rotating blades can be divided into chisel-shaped blades, bent blades, right-angle blades and arc-shaped blades. According to the different shapes, parameter characteristics and working states of the four cutters, the curved soil-rotating cutter is selected from the requirements of power consumption and rotary tillage soil throwing. The equation of the cutting edge curve is as follows:
r＝r 0 +kθ
in the formula: r is 0 The initial working radius of the blade, cm
k is the constant of proportionality
Theta-position degree, polar angle.
The arrangement modes of the soil-rotating blades comprise single-spiral arrangement, double-spiral arrangement, star arrangement, symmetrical arrangement and the like, and the design of the rotary tillage cutter shaft of the machine set has good soil crushing property and the cutter shaft is uniformly stressed. The designed rotary tillage soil taking mechanism needs to throw all the plowed soil to the longitudinal conveying mechanism, the plowed soil is required not to be scattered too much and to be close to the middle as much as possible, and the soil feeding shovel of the rotary tillage soil taking mechanism is combined with the throwing of the rotary tillage cutter shaft. According to the double-head spiral arrangement scheme of the rotary blades of the common rotary cultivator, the soil in front of the machine set is seriously jammed, and the power consumption is large. In consideration of the power of a tractor allowed to pass by the current vineyard planting row spacing and the requirements of grape vine burying, the problem is that four spirally arranged modes are adopted, and left and right spiral blades of the spiral lines are symmetrically distributed, so that all rotary tillage soil is thrown onto a rear conveying belt, and the problem of soil congestion is effectively solved.
The diameter of the cutter shaft of a common rotary cultivator is 70-80 mm, and analysis shows that the soil taking depth of the rotary tillage soil taking part can be increased by increasing the diameter of the cutter shaft of the rotary tillage cutter, so that the cutter shaft with the diameter of 146mm is adopted and the strength check calculation of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is carried out.
And carrying out stress analysis on the rotary tillage cutter shaft, the soil rotating cutter seat welded on the shaft and the soil rotating cutter blade as a whole. The rotary tillage cutter shaft is only acted by pure torque in the rotating process, a torque diagram is drawn by adopting side transmission according to stress analysis, and as shown in the figure, the dangerous point of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is at one end farthest from the transmission according to the torque diagram.
Calculating the maximum torque M of the shaft max
Wherein P-output power of tractor, KW
n-rotational speed of soil-rotating cutter shaft, r/min
Will P 4 =26.55kw, n =240r/min is substituted into the formula:
the torsional section modulus of the round section axis is:
in the formula: w t -round section axis torsional section modulus
D-radius of soil-rotating cutter shaft, mm
Substituting D =146mm into the formula
The maximum shear stress of the material is
Will M max ＝1056.4N·m，W t ＝0.6x10 -3 mm, is obtained by substituting into a formula
The material of the cutter shaft is Q235, so the allowable stress [ sigma ] =235MPa and the allowable shear stress of the material are
[τ]= (0.5-0.6) · [ sigma ]]= 117.5-141 MPa. Then, the following steps are obtained: tau. max <[τ]I.e. to meet the strength requirements.
3.3 soil spade design
The soil collecting shovel mainly comprises an arc shovel and a left side plate and a right side plate. The side plate is responsible for collecting the unscrewed soil, and the arc-shaped shovel is responsible for shoveling the soil and throwing the soil backwards.
The soil rotating width of the rotary blade is 100cm, the maximum depth is 20cm, the arc-shaped shovel needs to shovel away soil in time to prevent the soil from flowing around under the action of the rotary blade, and the design height is 24cm. In order to ensure that the soil is completely folded, the side plates are designed to be opened towards two sides, and grooves with the height of 20cm are additionally formed at the bottoms of the side plates so as to reduce the walking resistance of the machine tool.
The soil conveying mechanism is a direct executor of the overwintering soil burying of the grapevines, conveys the soil to the grapevines to finish the overwintering soil burying work of the grapevines, and the working performance of the soil conveying mechanism is directly related to the quality of the overwintering soil burying of the grapevines. The soil conveying mechanism comprises a transverse soil conveying mechanism and a longitudinal soil conveying mechanism. In order to support the soil conveying between the rotary tillage soil taking mechanism and the transverse soil conveying mechanism, the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism is designed to be inclined. The inclination angle between the longitudinal conveying mechanism and the transverse conveying mechanism is 35 degrees, so that the compactness of the whole structure is guaranteed, soil is not easy to slide down, 12 soil conveying plates are installed on the longitudinal conveying belt for preventing the materials from sliding down due to the inclination angle when the materials are conveyed, and the soil is prevented from sliding down and is convenient for throwing and conveying the soil.
The conveyor belt is designed in consideration of the rotation speed and load of the rubber conveyor belt.
(1) Determination of conveyor belt width
The determination of the bandwidth depends on the belt speed and the productivity, which is calculated according to ISO 5408:
Q＝AvK
in the formula: q-productivity (m 3/s);
v-belt speed (m/s);
k is the influence coefficient of the inclination angle of the conveyer;
a-maximum cross-sectional area of materials on the adhesive tape;
and substituting the numerical value to obtain the maximum cross-sectional area of the material on the adhesive tape, wherein the design width of the longitudinal soil conveying belt is 110cm and the design width of the transverse soil conveying belt is 55cm according to the actual conditions of the table lookup and the machine set.
(2) Strength of conveyer belt
Calculating the number of layers of common conveying belt of canvas layer
Z in the formula is the number of layers of the conveying belt; f1-maximum tension of the conveyor belt under stable working conditions;
b-Bandwidth (mm); σ -conveyor belt longitudinal tear strength (N/mm. Layer);
n is a safety coefficient, and n = 8-9 for a cotton canvas conveying belt and n = 10-12 for nylon and poly cool canvas belts according to the DTll type recommended value.
The canvas of this paper design's conveyer belt selection of using is 4 layers of cotton canvas, and the area thickness is 8mm.
The middle of the designed conveying roller is provided with a trapezoidal groove to prevent the conveying belt from deviating during high-speed operation, and a positioning block matched with the conveying belt is arranged on the conveying belt.
The rubber locating piece card is fixed a position for the conveyer belt along with the conveying roller rotation in the dovetail groove during operation to the off tracking phenomenon of conveyer belt has been prevented.
In order to prevent the conveying belt from deviating, at least one positioning block is always positioned in a dovetail groove of the conveying roller when the conveying roller drives the rubber conveying belt to rotate. That is to say, the positioning blocks can always play a positioning role in the conveying roller when the distance between the positioning blocks on the conveying belt is smaller than the half cycle of the conveying roller.
Namely, it is
Wherein the diameter D =140mm of the conveying roller
Is substituted into the formula to obtain
Therefore, when S is less than 219.8mm, the positioning block can always play a positioning role. The distance between the positioning blocks is 150mm.
According to the selection of the transmission scheme, an intermediate transmission bevel gear box is designed,
design of gear
Design of intermediate transmission reversing gear mainly bevel gear
Parameter selection
The design of straight bevel gears meshed with each other on the shafts I and II in the middle is mainly carried out.
Selecting materials as follows: selecting 20CrMnTi as the pinion material by looking up the table, carburizing and quenching the pinion material, wherein the hardness is 55-60 HRC
The large gear is made of 20CrMnTi and is carburized and quenched with the hardness of 55-60 HRC
Initially selecting the tooth number: taking number of pinion teeth Z 1 ＝17
Large gear tooth number
Duty psi of tooth width coefficient R ＝0.33
According to the output rotating speed of the tractor, the gear precision grade is selected to be 8 grades
Life factor Y N1 ，Y N2 Get Y N1 ＝Y N2 ＝1
By looking up the mechanical design manual
Ultimate stress sigma Flim1 ＝470MPaσ Flim2 ＝470MPa
Size factor Y X1 ，Y X2 Y X1 ＝Y X2 ＝1
Safety factor S F ：S F ＝1.4
Substituting the data obtained above into the formula
Obtaining allowable bending stress
[σ F1 ]＝671.4MPa[σ F2 ]＝671.4MPa
Designed according to tooth root bending strength
(1) According to the formula
And also
Taper angle delta 2 ＝arctanu＝arctanl.6＝57.99°
δ 1 =90 ° o δ 2 ＝32°
Equivalent number of teeth
Looking up the handbook to get Y Fa1 ＝2.91 Y Fa2 ＝2.37
Y Sa1 ＝1.57 Y Sa2 ＝1.67
K A ＝1，K V ＝1.2，K Hβ ＝1.75，K Hα ＝1
Then K = K A ·K V ·K Hβ ·K Hα ＝1×1.2×1.75×1＝2.1
The data obtained above is substituted into the formula (5-9) to obtain:
taking standard modulus m =8 from a standard modulus series list
d＝mz 1 ＝17×8＝136mm
Checking according to tooth surface contact strength
The contact fatigue limit delta is obtained by looking up MQ line by a mechanical design manual Hlim1 ＝1500MPa，δ Hlim2 ＝1500MPa
Taking a safety factor S H = l, life factor Z N1 ＝Z N2 ＝1
Then
The following can be obtained by looking up a machine design manual:
Z H ＝2.5
substituting the data into the formula to obtain:
therefore, the designed straight bevel gear meets the strength requirement.
The rear output transmission straight bevel gear 1 designed in the same way is subjected to carburizing and quenching by adopting 20CrMllTi, wherein the modulus m =8mm, and the number of teeth z =35;
the transmission gear 2 is carburized and quenched by 20CrMnTi, the modulus m =8mm, and the number of teeth z =28.
The designed rotary tillage cutter shaft and the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism adopt side transmission. Therefore, the rotary tillage blades can work on the cutter shafts fully, the operation efficiency is improved, the power consumption of the rotary tillage soil taking part of the grape vine burying machine and the blockage of soil are reduced, and the soil thrown by the rotary tillage soil taking part is uniform and fine.
In order to increase the rotating radius of the rotary blade and increase the soil sampling amount of rotary tillage, the side transmission box body adopts three-stage gear transmission, so that the cutter shaft can stably operate, the transmission efficiency is high, and the distance between the upper output shaft and the lower output shaft reaches 640mm. The input shaft of the side transmission case designed at this time is also used as the power output shaft of the longitudinal conveying mechanism, the bearing matched with the middle supporting shaft is a 6010 deep groove ball bearing, and the lower output shaft is a 30209 tapered roller bearing;
all 3 spur gears are made of 40Cr steel, and subjected to quenching and tempering treatment to harden the tooth surface.
HBS＝280
Look up manual to get delta Flim1.3 ＝480δ Flim2.4 ＝410
δ Hlim1.3 ＝620δ Hlim2.4 ＝580
The gear precision is 8 grades
Rotated by the input shaftSpeed n 1 =340r/min, cutter shaft rotation speed n 4 ＝240r/min
To obtain
Number of teeth Z of primary selected gear 1 1 ＝23
i 1 ＝i 2 ＝i 3 ＝1.12，
Then i = i 1 ·i 2 ·i 3 ＝1.12×1.12×1.12≈1.42
I.e. with Z 2 ＝i 1 ·Z 1 ＝1.12×23＝25.76
Rounded to Z 2 ＝26
By the same token, Z 3 ＝29,Z 4 ＝32
Design according to tooth surface contact strength
Determining values within a formula
Trial selection of load factor K t ＝1.3
Calculating the torque transmitted by gear 1
Taking the tooth width coefficient phi d ＝1
Looking up the manual to obtain the elastic influence coefficient of the material
Obtaining the contact fatigue strength limit sigma by looking up the table according to the hardness of the tooth surface Hlim1 ＝600MPa,σ Hlim2 ＝600MPa
Calculation of stress cycle number from mechanical design 10-13
N 1 ＝60n 1 jL h ＝60×340×1×8×15×60＝1.47×10 8
Taking life coefficient K HN1 ＝0.90,K HN2 ＝0.95
Calculating allowable contact fatigue stress
Obtaining the failure probability of 1 percent and the safety coefficient S =1
Computing
Trial calculation of the reference circle diameter d of the gear 1 1t Substituted into [ sigma ] H ]Middle and smaller value
Calculating the peripheral speed v
Calculating tooth width
b＝φ d ·d 1t ＝1×60.003＝60.003mm
Calculating the ratio of tooth width to tooth height
Modulus of elasticity
Tooth height h =2.25m t ＝2.25×2.609mm＝5.87mm
Calculating the load factor
According to v =1.07m/s and 8-level precision, looking up a mechanical design diagram 10-8 obtains a dynamic load coefficient K V ＝1.1
Spur gear, K Hα ＝K Fα ＝1
The coefficient of use K is found by a mechanical design table A ＝2
Finding 8-stage accuracy by interpolation, when the pinions are symmetrically arranged relative to the support, K Hβ ＝1.342
By
K Hβ K of 10-13 mechanical design drawing of 1.342 inspection Fβ =1.32; coefficient of load
K＝K A ·K V ·K Hα ·K Hβ ＝2×1.1×1×1.342＝2.952
Correcting the calculated reference circle radius according to the actual load factor, obtained by mechanical design
Calculating modulus
Designed according to tooth root bending strength
To obtain
Determining values within a formula
The bending fatigue limit sigma of the gear 1 is checked by a mechanical design drawing FE1 =500MPa, gear 2Bending fatigue limit of FE2 ＝480MPa
Taking life coefficient K FN1 ＝0.85,K FN2 ＝0.88
Calculating allowable bending fatigue stress
The bending fatigue safety coefficient S =1.4 is obtained by the formula
Calculating the load factor
K＝K A K V K Fα K Fβ ＝2×1.1×1×1.32＝2.904
Finding the tooth form coefficient and stress coefficient
Is found by
Y Fa1 ＝2.69,Y Fa2 ＝2.60
Y Sa1 ＝1.575,Y Sa2 ＝1.595
For counting gears 1, 2
And compared
Design calculation
Since the size of the gear module mainly depends on the bearing capacity determined by the bending strength, and the bearing capacity determined by the tooth surface contact strength is only related to the gear diameter, the module calculated by the bending strength can be 5.16, and the gear center distance can be rounded to the standard value of m =8mm in consideration of increasing the gear center distance to achieve the purpose of increasing the soil rotating depth of the rotary blade.
When the soil loosening and smashing device works, soil is loosened and smashed by the rotary tillage soil taking part, the soil is thrown into the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism along the direction of the soil collecting shovel under the matching of the rotary tillage soil taking part soil rotating cutter and the soil collecting shovel, the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism is driven by the transmission chain to rotate at a high speed, and the soil thrown by the rotary tillage soil taking part is conveyed into the transverse soil conveying mechanism. The transverse soil conveying mechanism is driven by an output shaft behind the main transmission gear box to uniformly throw soil on the grapevines to be buried in the soil in winter, and the whole process of burying the soil of the grapevines in winter is completed at one time.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a grape vine burying machine, includes traction frame (2), its characterized in that: the traction frame (2) is horizontally arranged, a main transmission and reversing gear box (10) is arranged above the left end of the traction frame (2), and a rotary tillage soil taking mechanism (1) is arranged below the traction frame (2) corresponding to the main transmission and reversing gear box (10);
the soil-conveying device is characterized in that a longitudinal soil conveying mechanism (3) is arranged below the right end of the traction frame (2), and a transverse soil conveying mechanism (4) is arranged on the right side of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism (3).
2. The grape vine burying machine as recited in claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the main transmission and reversing gear box (10) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the traction frame (2).
3. The grape vine burying machine as recited in claim 2, wherein: a longitudinal soil conveying mechanism protective cover (7) is arranged above the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism (3), and a longitudinal soil conveying transmission chain wheel (8) is arranged inside the upper end of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism (3).
4. A grape vine burying machine according to claim 3, wherein: the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism protective cover (7) is communicated with the inside of the longitudinal soil conveying mechanism (3).
5. The grape vine burying machine as recited in claim 4, wherein: and a transverse soil conveying mechanism shield (6) is arranged above the transverse soil conveying mechanism (4).
6. A grape vine burying machine according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom end of the protective cover (6) of the transverse soil conveying mechanism is communicated with the inside of the transverse soil conveying mechanism (4).
7. The grape vine burying machine as recited in claim 6, wherein: main drive, switching-over gear box (10) output rod runs through vertical soil conveying mechanism guard shield (7) and horizontal soil conveying mechanism guard shield (6) in proper order and extends to horizontal soil conveying mechanism guard shield (6) right side, main drive, switching-over gear box (10) output rod right-hand member surface is provided with horizontal soil and carries driving sprocket (9).
8. A grape vine burying machine according to claim 7, wherein: and a universal traveling wheel assembly (5) is fixedly arranged on the right end side face of the traction frame (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210420437.5A CN115176536A (en) | 2022-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | Grape vine burying machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210420437.5A CN115176536A (en) | 2022-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | Grape vine burying machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115176536A true CN115176536A (en) | 2022-10-14 |
Family
ID=83512166
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210420437.5A Pending CN115176536A (en) | 2022-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | Grape vine burying machine |
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| Country | Link |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103518430A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-01-22 | 莫正法 | Portable packing auger type grape vine burying machine with rotary cutters |
| CN204810849U (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-12-02 | 延庆县农业机械研究所 | Grape buries rattan machine |
| CN206226941U (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-06-09 | 呼图壁县西域兴业农业科技有限公司 | The agricultural machine for burying grapevine fetched earth using rotary tillage |
| CN206323747U (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-07-14 | 呼图壁县西域兴业农业科技有限公司 | A kind of novel grape vine imbedding machine |
| EP3590317A1 (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-08 | Torrico S.r.l. | Agricultural machine for cleaning soils used to grow orchards and vineyards |
-
2022
- 2022-04-21 CN CN202210420437.5A patent/CN115176536A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103518430A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-01-22 | 莫正法 | Portable packing auger type grape vine burying machine with rotary cutters |
| CN204810849U (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-12-02 | 延庆县农业机械研究所 | Grape buries rattan machine |
| CN206226941U (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-06-09 | 呼图壁县西域兴业农业科技有限公司 | The agricultural machine for burying grapevine fetched earth using rotary tillage |
| CN206323747U (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-07-14 | 呼图壁县西域兴业农业科技有限公司 | A kind of novel grape vine imbedding machine |
| EP3590317A1 (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-08 | Torrico S.r.l. | Agricultural machine for cleaning soils used to grow orchards and vineyards |
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