CN115172816A - Cold start method and device of fuel cell - Google Patents
Cold start method and device of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115172816A CN115172816A CN202210633058.4A CN202210633058A CN115172816A CN 115172816 A CN115172816 A CN 115172816A CN 202210633058 A CN202210633058 A CN 202210633058A CN 115172816 A CN115172816 A CN 115172816A
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- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cold start method and a device of a fuel cell, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in a cold start mode, loading current to enable the galvanic pile to operate, and starting timing; when the timing reaches a first preset time length, the water pump is inching, the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell is obtained, and a first temperature is obtained; when the timing reaches a second preset time length, the water pump is inching again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; and determining the expected waiting time for the next inching of the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature as well as the preset third temperature, so as to inching the water pump circularly according to the expected time, and determining that the cold start of the fuel cell is finished when the expected time determined according to the current temperature is less than the preset time threshold. According to the scheme, the time point of inching the water pump is determined by acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid, so that the electric pile can maintain higher temperature and higher power, and the cold start of the fuel cell can be completed in shorter time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a cold start method and a cold start device of a fuel cell.
Background
In the cold start process of the fuel cell system, the temperature of the cooling liquid used in the cooling circuit is low, the capacity is large, the performance of the electric pile is poor under the low temperature condition, and the electric pile cannot run under high power, so that the cold start time is long. Therefore, in order to quickly complete the cold start of the fuel cell system, a corresponding control strategy needs to be established to reduce the cold start time.
The internal temperature of the electric pile is in a low-temperature state for a long time in the existing cold starting process, and a fuel cell system cannot work at high power quickly, so that the cold starting time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. To this end, a first aspect of the invention proposes a cold start method of a fuel cell, the method comprising:
in a cold starting mode of a fuel cell, loading current to enable a galvanic pile in the fuel cell to operate, and starting timing;
when the timing reaches a first preset time length, a water pump is inching, the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell is obtained, and a first temperature is obtained; the first preset time is the time required when the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a preset proportion range of the normal operating temperature of the cooling liquid;
when the timing reaches a second preset duration, the water pump is inching again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset time is twice as long as the first preset time;
determining the expected time length required to wait for the next inching of the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature as well as the preset third temperature, so as to inching the water pump circularly according to the expected time length until the expected time length determined according to the current temperature is less than the preset time length threshold value, and determining that the fuel cell completes cold start;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
Optionally, the determining, according to a magnitude relationship between the second temperature and the first temperature and a preset minimum operating temperature, an expected duration of waiting for the next inching of the water pump includes:
if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting the expected waiting time for the next inching of the water pump as the first preset time;
and if the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, wherein the second duration is shorter than the first preset duration.
And if the second temperature is lower than the third temperature, setting the expected duration as a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first preset duration.
Optionally, the variation amplitude between two adjacent expected time lengths is a preset amplitude.
Optionally, the third temperature is 40% of the normal operating temperature.
Optionally, the preset proportion range is 60% -80%.
Optionally, the method for determining the first preset time period t1 is as follows:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the galvanic pile and the cooling liquid, m is the total mass of the galvanic pile and the cooling liquid, U is the galvanic pile voltage when loading current, I is the galvanic pile current when loading current, T 0 Initial temperature of the cooling liquid at start-up for cold start, T 1 Is an intermediate value of the first temperature range.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a cold start apparatus of a fuel cell, the apparatus comprising:
the current loading module is used for loading current to enable a galvanic pile in the fuel cell to operate and start timing in a cold start mode of the fuel cell;
the first temperature acquisition module is used for inching the water pump when the timing reaches a first preset time length, and acquiring the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell to obtain a first temperature; the first preset time is the time required when the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a preset proportion range of the normal operating temperature of the cooling liquid;
the second temperature acquisition module is used for inching the water pump again when the timing reaches a second preset duration, and acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset time length is twice as long as the first preset time length;
the expected duration determining module is used for determining expected duration required to wait for inching the water pump next time according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature as well as a preset third temperature, so as to inching the water pump circularly according to the expected duration, and determining that the fuel cell finishes cold start when the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
Optionally, the expected duration determining module is specifically configured to:
if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting the expected waiting time for the next inching of the water pump as the first preset time;
and if the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, wherein the second duration is shorter than the first preset duration.
And if the second temperature is lower than the third temperature, setting the expected duration as a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first preset duration.
Optionally, the variation amplitude between two adjacent expected durations is a preset amplitude.
A third aspect of the present invention proposes an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory storing at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes or a set of instructions, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell according to the first aspect.
A fourth aspect of the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, set of codes or set of instructions, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell according to the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, in a cold start mode of a fuel cell, loading current to enable a galvanic pile in the fuel cell to operate, and starting timing; when the timing reaches a first preset time length, a water pump is inching, the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell is obtained, and a first temperature is obtained; when the timing reaches a second preset duration, the water pump is inching again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; and determining the expected waiting time for inching the water pump next time according to the size relation between the second temperature and the first temperature as well as the preset third temperature, so as to inching the water pump circularly according to the expected waiting time, and determining that the fuel cell finishes cold start when the expected waiting time determined according to the current temperature is less than the preset waiting time threshold. The scheme makes the cooling liquid perform instantaneous circulation by inching the water pump, the temperature in the electric pile is not greatly reduced while the temperature of the cooling liquid is improved, and meanwhile, the time point of inching the water pump is determined by acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid, so that the electric pile can maintain higher temperature and higher power, and finally the cold start of the fuel cell can be completed in shorter time.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiment or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art it is also possible to derive other drawings from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a cold start method for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a cold start device for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The present specification provides method steps as described in the examples or flowcharts, but more or fewer steps may be included based on routine or non-invasive labor. In practice, the system or server product may be implemented in a sequential or parallel manner (e.g., parallel processor or multi-threaded environment) according to the embodiments or methods shown in the figures.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a cold start method for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method may comprise the steps of:
The fuel cell is a cell that generates electric energy by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, and the product is water, which freezes at 0 ℃ and causes the fuel cell to fail to start.
In a fuel cell, an electric pile is a core component, and after water generated by the fuel cell is frozen below 0 ℃, key components of the electric pile, such as a catalyst, a gas diffusion layer and the like, are blocked, so that an electrochemical reaction cannot be normally carried out, and the fuel cell cannot be started. The low-temperature starting system of the fuel cell generally adopts the ways of external preheating, internal heating and the like to increase the temperature of the fuel cell.
In a cooling system of an engine, a water pump provides circulating kinetic energy for cooling liquid, and the water pump is a part for realizing heat exchange with air of the engine. In the cold starting process, after the galvanic pile loads current, the engine system is quickly heated. In order to prevent the temperature of the engine from being too high, a water pump needs to be started to provide circulating kinetic energy for the cooling liquid, and the purpose of radiating parts in the engine is achieved.
The inventor finds that the existing cold start method always operates the water pump in the whole cold start process, so that the electric pile needs more cooling liquid for heating, and cannot operate in a high-power state, so that the refrigeration start time is longer.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the cold start mode, the current is loaded to operate the stack, but the water pump is not operated. And then timing is started, and the water pump is inching after the waiting time is proper.
The first preset duration is duration required when the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid, and the preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid can be as follows: 60% of the normal operating temperature to 80% of the normal operating temperature.
The water pump is inching, namely the water pump is disconnected after being instantly powered, so that the rotating speed of the water pump cannot rise, and the water pump only moves once and then rotates for a while by inertia. The inching water pump can provide circulating kinetic energy for the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid can be instantaneously circulated in the engine, and the temperature of the cooling liquid can not be greatly reduced while the temperature of the electric pile is improved.
Meanwhile, when the timing reaches a first preset time length, the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell is measured to obtain a first temperature.
And, in this process, the state of the applied current is always maintained, and the water pump is in a stop state after being inching.
103, when the timing reaches a second preset duration, the water pump is inching again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset duration is twice the first preset duration.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the second predetermined period is two times the first predetermined period, that is, after the water pump is started in step 102, the time is counted to reach the second predetermined period when the time is first the first predetermined period.
When the timing reaches the second preset time length, the operation is the same as the step 102, namely, the water pump is inching again, the temperature of the cooling liquid is measured again, and the second temperature is obtained.
104, determining expected time length required to wait for inching the water pump next time according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature as well as a preset third temperature, and cyclically inching the water pump according to the expected time length until the expected time length determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset time length threshold value, and determining that the fuel cell completes cold start; wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the water pump is inching, the cooling liquid circulates in the electric pile, so that the temperature of the electric pile is reduced, and meanwhile, the electric pile is always in a current loading state, so that the temperature of the electric pile is also increased. Under the dual action of the inching water pump and the loading current, the temperature of the whole galvanic pile is in a rising or falling state, and needs to be judged according to the second temperature.
The temperature of the electric pile and the temperature of the cooling liquid are almost equal, and the temperature of the electric pile can be obtained by measuring the temperature of the cooling liquid.
The first temperature is a value within a predetermined proportional range of the normal operating temperature of the coolant, and the third temperature is less than the first temperature. For example, the first temperature may be 60% to 80% of the normal operating temperature of the coolant, and the third temperature may be 40% of the normal operating temperature of the coolant.
And determining whether the electric pile needs to be heated for a longer time or a shorter time according to the comparison result of the second temperature and the first temperature and the third temperature, thereby determining the expected waiting time for the next inching of the water pump.
And when the expected time length is reached, the water pump is started, the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again, the next expected time length is determined again according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, the water pump is started when the expected time length is reached, the steps are executed in a circulating mode until the certain determined expected time length is smaller than a preset time length threshold value, the temperature of the cooling liquid is considered to reach a higher level, and at the moment, the fuel cell is determined to finish cold start.
The duration threshold may be set to a shorter duration, such as 0.1 seconds. Thus, the preset time duration is regularly changed according to the second temperature measured each time, and when the expected time duration determined for a certain time is smaller than the preset time duration threshold, the current temperature of the electric pile is very close to the normal operation temperature, and at this time, the fuel cell can be considered to be finished cold start.
In a possible embodiment, the determining an expected waiting time for the next pump trip according to the magnitude relationship between the second temperature and the first temperature and the preset minimum operating temperature includes the following steps 1041 to 1043:
step 1041, if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting an expected waiting time for next inching of the water pump as the first preset time;
1042, if the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, wherein the second duration is smaller than the first preset duration;
step 1043, if the second temperature is less than the third temperature, setting the expected duration to be a third duration, where the third duration is greater than the first preset duration.
In steps 1041 to 1043, the second temperature is compared with the first temperature and the third temperature, and if the second temperature is between the third temperature and the first temperature, it indicates that the second temperature is proper, the adjustment of the expected duration is not needed, and the first preset duration is taken as the expected duration.
If the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, the second temperature is higher, and at this time, in order to avoid the temperature of the electric pile exceeding the safe temperature, the expected waiting time for inching the water pump once can be shortened so as to inching the water pump in advance. The second duration is set to be less than the first preset duration.
If the second temperature is lower than the third temperature, the second temperature is lower, the expected time length of waiting for next inching of the water pump is further prolonged, so that the influence of inching of the water pump on the reduction of the temperature is delayed, and the temperature of the galvanic pile is increased by long-time operation of the galvanic pile. The second duration is set to be greater than the first preset duration.
In a possible implementation manner, the change amplitude between two adjacent expected time lengths is a preset amplitude;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the variation range between two adjacent preset durations is a preset range, and the expected duration determined in each cycle may be increased or decreased according to the preset range of the first preset duration.
The preset amplitude may be set to 10%. Thus, the second duration is 10% less than the first predetermined duration, and the third duration is 10% greater than the first predetermined duration.
In this way, the time length change amplitude can be not too large each time, so as to prevent the temperature of the electric pile from rising too much to burn out the device at one time, or prevent the temperature of the electric pile from falling too much to prolong the cold start time of the battery at one time.
In one possible embodiment, the third temperature is 40% of the normal operating temperature.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the third temperature is a comparatively low temperature, which is set to 40% of the normal operation temperature. Thus, when the second temperature is higher than the third temperature, a longer expected time period can be set to allow the stack to operate for a long time to increase the stack temperature.
In a possible embodiment, the predetermined proportion ranges from 60% to 80%.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first temperature is a relatively high temperature, which is set to 60-80% of the normal operating temperature. Thus, when the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, the temperature of the electric pile is close to the normal operation temperature, a short expected time period can be set, and the temperature of the electric pile can reach the normal operation temperature.
In one possible implementation, the method for determining the first preset time period t1 is as follows:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the galvanic pile and the cooling liquid; m is the total mass of the galvanic pile and the cooling liquid; u is the voltage of the galvanic pile when loading current; i is the current of the galvanic pile when the current is loaded; t is a unit of 0 Initial temperature of the cooling liquid at start-up for cold start, T 1 Is an intermediate value of the first temperature range.
In the embodiment of the invention, the unit of the specific heat capacity C is J/(kg DEG C), the unit of the total mass m is kg, the unit of the galvanic pile voltage U is V, the unit of the galvanic pile current I is A, and the initial temperature T is 0 In degrees Celsius and the median T1 in degrees Celsius.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, in the cold start mode of the fuel cell, a current is loaded to operate the electric stack in the fuel cell, and a timer is started; when the timing reaches a first preset time length, inching a water pump, and acquiring the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell to obtain a first temperature; when the timing reaches a second preset duration, the water pump is inching again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; and determining the expected waiting time for inching the water pump next time according to the size relation between the second temperature and the first temperature as well as the preset third temperature, so as to inching the water pump circularly according to the expected waiting time, and determining that the fuel cell finishes cold start when the expected waiting time determined according to the current temperature is less than the preset waiting time threshold. The scheme enables the cooling liquid to be instantaneously circulated by inching the water pump, the temperature of the cooling liquid is improved, meanwhile, the temperature in the electric pile is not greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the time point of inching the water pump is determined by acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid, so that the electric pile can maintain higher temperature and higher power, and finally, the cold start of the fuel cell can be completed in shorter time.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a cold start device of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus 200 comprises:
a current loading module 201, configured to load current to operate a stack in a fuel cell in a cold start mode of the fuel cell, and start timing;
a first temperature obtaining module 202, configured to inching the water pump when the timing reaches a first preset duration, and obtain a temperature of a coolant in the fuel cell to obtain a first temperature; the first preset time is the time required when the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a preset proportion range of the normal operating temperature of the cooling liquid;
a second temperature obtaining module 203, configured to inching the water pump again when the timing reaches a second preset duration, and obtaining the temperature of the cooling liquid again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset time is twice as long as the first preset time;
an expected duration determining module 204, configured to determine, according to a magnitude relationship between the second temperature and the first temperature as well as a preset third temperature, an expected duration that the water pump needs to wait for a next time of inching, so as to cycle the water pump according to the expected duration, and determine that the fuel cell completes cold start until the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus comprising a processor and a memory having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, set of codes, or set of instructions that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a method of cold start of a fuel cell as described in embodiments of the invention.
In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, set of codes, or set of instructions that is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell described in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the invention to be performed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of cold-starting a fuel cell, the method comprising:
in a cold starting mode of a fuel cell, loading current to enable a galvanic pile in the fuel cell to operate, and starting timing;
when the timing reaches a first preset time length, inching a water pump, and acquiring the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell to obtain a first temperature; the first preset time is the time required when the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a preset proportion range of the normal operating temperature of the cooling liquid;
when the timing reaches a second preset time length, the water pump is inching again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset time length is twice as long as the first preset time length;
determining the expected time length required to wait for the next inching of the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature as well as the preset third temperature, so as to inching the water pump circularly according to the expected time length until the expected time length determined according to the current temperature is less than the preset time length threshold value, and determining that the fuel cell completes cold start;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the expected waiting time for the next water pump inching according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature and the preset minimum operation temperature comprises:
if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting the expected waiting time for the next inching of the water pump as the first preset time;
if the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, wherein the second duration is shorter than the first preset duration;
and if the second temperature is lower than the third temperature, setting the expected duration as a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first preset duration.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the change amplitude between two adjacent expected time periods is a preset amplitude.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the third temperature is 40% of the normal operating temperature.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined proportion is in the range of 60% to 80%.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first preset duration t1 is determined by:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the galvanic pile and the cooling liquid, m is the total mass of the galvanic pile and the cooling liquid, U is the galvanic pile voltage when loading current, I is the galvanic pile current when loading current, T 0 Initial temperature of the cooling liquid at start-up for cold start, T 1 Is an intermediate value of the first temperature range.
7. A cold start apparatus of a fuel cell, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
the current loading module is used for loading current to enable a galvanic pile in the fuel cell to operate and start timing in a cold start mode of the fuel cell;
the first temperature acquisition module is used for inching the water pump when the timing reaches a first preset duration, acquiring the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell and acquiring a first temperature; the first preset time is the time required when the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a preset proportion range of the normal operating temperature of the cooling liquid;
the second temperature acquisition module is used for inching the water pump again when the timing reaches a second preset duration, and acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset time is twice as long as the first preset time;
the expected duration determining module is used for determining expected duration required to wait for inching the water pump next time according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature as well as a preset third temperature, so as to inching the water pump circularly according to the expected duration, and determining that the fuel cell finishes cold start when the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the expected duration determination module is specifically configured to:
if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting the expected waiting time for the next inching of the water pump as the first preset time;
if the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, wherein the second duration is shorter than the first preset duration;
and if the second temperature is lower than the third temperature, setting the expected duration as a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first preset duration.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes, or a set of instructions, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the set of codes, or the set of instructions being loaded and executed by the processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer readable storage medium, having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes or a set of instructions, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement a cold start method of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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