CN115172816B - Cold start method and device for fuel cell - Google Patents
Cold start method and device for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115172816B CN115172816B CN202210633058.4A CN202210633058A CN115172816B CN 115172816 B CN115172816 B CN 115172816B CN 202210633058 A CN202210633058 A CN 202210633058A CN 115172816 B CN115172816 B CN 115172816B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a cold start method and a device of a fuel cell, wherein the method comprises the following steps: under the cold start mode, loading current to enable the pile to operate, and starting timing; when the timing reaches a first preset time length, the water pump is started, and the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell is obtained to obtain a first temperature; when the timing reaches a second preset time length, the water pump is started again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; and determining the expected duration of waiting for the next time of inching the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature and the preset third temperature, so as to circularly inching the water pump according to the expected duration, and determining that the fuel cell finishes cold start when the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than the preset duration threshold. According to the scheme, the time point of the inching water pump is determined by acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid, so that the electric pile can maintain higher temperature and higher power, and the cold start of the fuel cell can be completed in shorter time.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for cold start of a fuel cell.
Background
In the cold start process of the fuel cell system, the temperature of the cooling liquid used in the cooling circuit is low, the capacity is large, the performance of the electric pile is poor under the low-temperature condition, and the fuel cell system cannot operate under high power, so that the cold start time is long. Therefore, in order to quickly complete the cold start of the fuel cell system, a corresponding control strategy needs to be formulated to reduce the cold start time.
In the existing cold start process, the internal temperature of the electric pile is in a low-temperature state for a long time, and the fuel cell system cannot rapidly work at high power, so that the cold start time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, a first aspect of the present invention proposes a cold start method of a fuel cell, the method comprising:
in a cold start mode of a fuel cell, loading current to enable a galvanic pile in the fuel cell to operate, and starting timing;
when the timing reaches a first preset time length, the water pump is started, and the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell is obtained to obtain a first temperature; the first preset time length is the time length required by the temperature of the cooling liquid reaching the preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid;
when the timing reaches a second preset time length, the water pump is started again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset duration is twice as long as the first preset duration;
determining the expected duration of waiting for the next time of inching the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature, the first temperature and the preset third temperature, so as to circularly inching the water pump according to the expected duration, and determining that the fuel cell finishes cold start when the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
Optionally, the determining, according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature, and the preset minimum operation temperature, the expected duration of waiting for next water pump inching includes:
if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting the expected duration of waiting for the next time of clicking the water pump as the first preset duration;
if the second temperature is greater than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, wherein the second duration is less than the first preset duration.
If the second temperature is smaller than the third temperature, setting the expected duration as a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first preset duration.
Optionally, the variation amplitude between the two adjacent expected durations is a preset amplitude.
Optionally, the third temperature is 40% of the normal operating temperature.
Optionally, the preset proportion range is 60% -80%.
Optionally, the determining method of the first preset time period t1 is as follows:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the electric pile and the cooling liquid, m is the total mass of the electric pile and the cooling liquid, U is the electric pile voltage when current is loaded, I is the electric pile current when current is loaded, T 0 For initial temperature of the cooling liquid when the cold start is started, T 1 Is the intermediate value of the first temperature range.
A second aspect of the present invention proposes a cold start device of a fuel cell, the device comprising:
the loading current module is used for loading current to enable a pile in the fuel cell to run in a cold start mode of the fuel cell and starting timing;
the first temperature acquisition module is used for clicking the water pump when the timing reaches a first preset duration, and acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell to obtain a first temperature; the first preset time length is the time length required by the temperature of the cooling liquid reaching the preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid;
the second temperature acquisition module is used for starting the water pump again when the timing reaches a second preset time length, and acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset duration is twice as long as the first preset duration;
the expected duration determining module is used for determining the expected duration required to wait for the next time of clicking the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature, the first temperature and the preset third temperature so as to circularly click the water pump according to the expected duration until the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold value, and determining that the fuel cell is in cold start;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
Optionally, the expected duration determining module is specifically configured to:
if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting the expected duration of waiting for the next time of clicking the water pump as the first preset duration;
if the second temperature is greater than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, wherein the second duration is less than the first preset duration.
If the second temperature is smaller than the third temperature, setting the expected duration as a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first preset duration.
Optionally, the variation amplitude between the two adjacent expected durations is a preset amplitude.
A third aspect of the present invention proposes an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory storing at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes or a set of instructions, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the set of codes or the set of instructions being loaded and executed by the processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell according to the first aspect.
A fourth aspect of the present invention proposes a computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes or a set of instructions, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the set of codes or the set of instructions being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell according to the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, under the cold start mode of the fuel cell, loading current to enable a galvanic pile in the fuel cell to run, and starting timing; when the timing reaches a first preset time length, the water pump is started, and the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell is obtained to obtain a first temperature; when the timing reaches a second preset time length, the water pump is started again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; and determining the expected duration of waiting for the next time of inching the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature, the first temperature and the preset third temperature, so as to circularly inching the water pump according to the expected duration, and determining that the fuel cell finishes cold start when the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold. According to the scheme, the cooling liquid is instantaneously circulated through the inching water pump, the temperature in the electric pile is not greatly reduced while the temperature of the cooling liquid is improved, meanwhile, the time point of the inching water pump is determined by acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid, so that the electric pile can maintain higher temperature and higher power, and finally the cold start of the fuel cell can be completed in shorter time.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following description will make a brief introduction to the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a cold start method of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a cold start device of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The present specification provides method operational steps as described in the examples or flowcharts, but may include more or fewer operational steps based on conventional or non-inventive labor. When implemented in a real system or server product, the methods illustrated in the embodiments or figures may be performed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multithreaded environment).
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a cold start method of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method may comprise the steps of:
step 101, loading current to enable a pile in the fuel cell to operate in a cold start mode of the fuel cell, and starting timing.
The fuel cell is a cell which generates electric energy by utilizing electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and the product is water, and the fuel cell can be frozen at 0 ℃ and can not be started.
In a fuel cell, a cell stack is a core component, and after water generated by the fuel cell is frozen below 0 ℃, a key component catalyst, a gas diffusion layer and the like of the cell stack are blocked, so that electrochemical reaction cannot be normally performed, and the fuel cell cannot be started. The low-temperature starting system of the fuel cell generally adopts modes of external preheating, internal temperature rising and the like to increase the temperature of the fuel cell.
In the cooling system of the engine, the water pump provides circulating kinetic energy for the cooling liquid, and is a part for realizing heat exchange with air of the engine. During cold start, after the stack is loaded with current, the engine system quickly heats up. In order to prevent the temperature of the engine from being too high, a water pump is required to be started to provide circulation kinetic energy for cooling liquid, so that the aim of radiating heat for components in the engine is fulfilled.
The inventor finds that in the process of researching the related technology, the existing cold start method always operates the water pump in the whole cold start process, so that more cooling liquid needs to be heated by the electric pile, and the electric pile cannot operate in a high-power state to cool and start for a long time.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the cold start mode, the current is loaded to enable the galvanic pile to operate, but the water pump does not operate. And then starting timing, and starting the water pump after the waiting time is proper.
102, when the timing reaches a first preset time length, the water pump is started, and the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell is obtained to obtain a first temperature; the first preset time period is a time period required when the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid.
The first preset time period is a time period required when the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid, and the preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid can be: 60% of the normal operating temperature to 80% of the normal operating temperature.
The water pump is started, namely the water supply pump is disconnected after instant power supply, so that the rotation speed of the water pump cannot rise, and the water pump only moves once and then rotates for a while by inertia. The inching water pump can provide circulating kinetic energy for the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid can be instantaneously circulated in the engine, and the temperature in the electric pile can not be greatly reduced while the temperature of the cooling liquid is increased.
And simultaneously, when the timing reaches a first preset time length, measuring the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell to obtain a first temperature.
And, in this process, the state of loading the current is always maintained, and the water pump is in a stopped state after being clicked.
Step 103, when the timing reaches a second preset time length, the water pump is started again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset duration is twice as long as the first preset duration.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the second preset time period is twice the first preset time period, that is, after the water pump is turned on in step 102, the time period is longer than the first preset time period, and the time reaches the second preset time period.
And when the timing reaches the second preset time length, the operation is the same as that of the step 102, namely, the water pump is started again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is measured again, so that the second temperature is obtained.
104, determining an expected duration of waiting for the next time of inching the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature, the first temperature and a preset third temperature, so as to circularly inching the water pump according to the expected duration, and determining that the fuel cell is in cold start when the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold; wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the water pump is driven, the cooling liquid circulates in the electric pile, so that the temperature of the electric pile is reduced, and meanwhile, the electric pile is always in a current loading state, so that the temperature of the electric pile is also increased. Under the dual actions of the inching water pump and the loading current, the temperature of the electric pile is in an ascending or descending state wholly, and the temperature needs to be judged according to the second temperature.
The temperature of the stack is obtained by measuring the temperature of the coolant, with the stack and the temperature being almost equal to the temperature of the coolant.
The first temperature is a value within a preset proportional range of the normal operating temperature of the coolant, and the third temperature is less than the first temperature. For example, the first temperature may be 60% -80% of the normal operating temperature of the coolant, and the third temperature may be 40% of the normal operating temperature of the coolant.
According to the result of comparing the second temperature with the first temperature and the third temperature, whether the electric pile needs longer time or shorter time to be heated is determined, and therefore the expected duration of waiting for the next time of water pump inching is determined.
When the expected duration is reached, the water pump is started, the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again, the expected duration of the next time is determined according to the temperature of the cooling liquid again, the water pump is started when the expected duration is reached, the steps are executed in a circulating mode, the temperature of the cooling liquid is considered to reach a higher level until the expected duration determined for a certain time is smaller than a preset duration threshold, and at the moment, the fuel cell is determined to finish cold start.
The duration threshold may be set to a short duration, for example 0.1 seconds. In this way, the preset time period is changed regularly according to the second temperature measured each time, and when the expected time period determined at a time is smaller than the preset time period threshold value, the current temperature of the electric pile is very close to the normal operation temperature, and at the moment, the fuel cell can be considered to finish cold start.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining the expected duration of waiting for the next water pump to be turned on according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature, and the preset minimum operation temperature includes the following steps 1041 to 1043:
step 1041, if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting an expected duration of waiting for next time of inching the water pump as the first preset duration;
step 1042, if the second temperature is greater than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, where the second duration is less than the first preset duration;
step 1043, if the second temperature is less than the third temperature, setting the expected duration as a third duration, where the third duration is greater than the first preset duration.
In step 1041-step 1043, comparing the second temperature with the first temperature and the third temperature, if the second temperature is between the third temperature and the first temperature, it is indicated that the second temperature is appropriate at this time, and the adjustment of the expected duration is not needed, and the first preset duration is taken as the expected duration.
If the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, the second temperature is higher, and at this time, in order to avoid that the temperature of the galvanic pile exceeds the safety temperature, the expected waiting time required for one-time water pump inching can be shortened so as to inching the water pump in advance. The second time period is set to be smaller than the first preset time period.
If the second temperature is lower than the third temperature, the second temperature is lower, the expected waiting time required by the next time of clicking the water pump is further prolonged, the influence of the clicking the water pump on the temperature is delayed, and the electric pile is enabled to run for a long time to improve the temperature of the electric pile. The second time period is set longer than the first preset time period.
In one possible implementation, the variation amplitude between two adjacent times of the expected duration is a preset amplitude;
in the embodiment of the invention, the variation amplitude between two adjacent preset durations is a preset amplitude, and the expected duration determined in each cycle can be increased or decreased according to the preset amplitude of the first preset duration.
The preset amplitude may be set to 10%. Thus, the second time period is 10% less than the first preset time period, and the third time period is 10% greater than the first preset time period.
In this way, the amplitude of each time period change can be kept from being too large, so that the temperature of the electric pile is not increased too much to burn out devices at one time, or the temperature of the electric pile is reduced too much to prolong the cold starting time of the battery at one time.
In one possible embodiment, the third temperature is 40% of the normal operating temperature.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the third temperature is a relatively low temperature, which is set to 40% of the normal operation temperature. Thus, when the second temperature is higher than the third temperature, a longer expected period of time may be set for the stack to operate for a longer period of time to raise the stack temperature.
In one possible embodiment, the predetermined proportion ranges from 60% to 80%.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first temperature is a relatively high temperature, and is set to be 60% -80% of the normal operation temperature. Thus, when the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, the temperature of the electric pile is close to the normal operation temperature, and the expected time period can be set to be shorter, so that the temperature of the electric pile can reach the normal operation temperature.
In one possible implementation manner, the method for determining the first preset time period t1 is as follows:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the galvanic pile and the cooling liquid; m is the total mass of the galvanic pile and the cooling liquid; u is the pile voltage when loading current; i is pile current when loading current; t (T) 0 For initial temperature of the cooling liquid when the cold start is started, T 1 Is the intermediate value of the first temperature range.
In the embodiment of the invention, the unit of specific heat capacity C is J/(kg. DEG C), the unit of total mass m is kg, the unit of pile voltage U is V, the unit of pile current I is A, and the initial temperature T is the same as the unit of pile current I 0 In units of c and the median T1 in units of c.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, in a cold start mode of a fuel cell, loading current to operate a stack in the fuel cell, and starting timing; when the timing reaches a first preset time length, the water pump is started, and the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell is obtained to obtain a first temperature; when the timing reaches a second preset time length, the water pump is started again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; and determining the expected duration of waiting for the next time of inching the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature, the first temperature and the preset third temperature, so as to circularly inching the water pump according to the expected duration, and determining that the fuel cell finishes cold start when the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold. According to the scheme, the cooling liquid is instantaneously circulated through the inching water pump, the temperature in the electric pile is not greatly reduced while the temperature of the cooling liquid is improved, meanwhile, the time point of the inching water pump is determined by acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid, so that the electric pile can maintain higher temperature and higher power, and finally the cold start of the fuel cell can be completed in shorter time.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a cold start device of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus 200 comprises:
a loading current module 201, configured to load current to operate a stack in a fuel cell and start timing in a cold start mode of the fuel cell;
a first temperature obtaining module 202, configured to, when the timing reaches a first preset duration, click a water pump, and obtain a temperature of a coolant in the fuel cell, so as to obtain a first temperature; the first preset time length is the time length required by the temperature of the cooling liquid reaching the preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid;
the second temperature obtaining module 203 is configured to, when the timing reaches a second preset duration, restart the water pump, and obtain the temperature of the cooling liquid again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset duration is twice as long as the first preset duration;
an expected duration determining module 204, configured to determine an expected duration that needs to be waited for next time to click the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature and the first temperature, and a preset third temperature, so as to cycle the water pump according to the expected duration, until the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is less than a preset duration threshold, and determine that the fuel cell completes cold start;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus including a processor and a memory storing at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set, loaded and executed by the processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell described in the embodiments of the present invention.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is further provided a computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell described in the embodiments of the present invention.
In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, produces a flow or function in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a related manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to see a section of the description of method embodiments.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of cold starting a fuel cell, the method comprising:
in a cold start mode of a fuel cell, loading current to enable a galvanic pile in the fuel cell to operate, and starting timing;
when the timing reaches a first preset time length, the water pump is started, and the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell is obtained to obtain a first temperature; the first preset time length is the time length required by the temperature of the cooling liquid reaching the preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid; the preset proportion range is 60% -80%;
when the timing reaches a second preset time length, the water pump is started again, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset duration is twice as long as the first preset duration;
determining the expected duration of waiting for the next time of inching the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature, the first temperature and the preset third temperature, so as to circularly inching the water pump according to the expected duration, and determining that the fuel cell finishes cold start when the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature;
the determining the expected duration for waiting for the next time of the water pump inching according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature, the first temperature and the preset third temperature comprises the following steps:
if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting the expected duration of waiting for the next time of clicking the water pump as the first preset duration;
if the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, wherein the second duration is shorter than the first preset duration;
if the second temperature is smaller than the third temperature, setting the expected duration as a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first preset duration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnitude of the change between two adjacent ones of the expected durations is a preset magnitude.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the third temperature is 40% of the normal operating temperature.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first preset time period t1 is determined as follows:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the electric pile and the cooling liquid, m is the total mass of the electric pile and the cooling liquid, U is the electric pile voltage when current is loaded, I is the electric pile current when current is loaded, T 0 For initial temperature of the cooling liquid when the cold start is started, T 1 Is the intermediate value of the first temperature range.
5. A cold start apparatus for a fuel cell, the apparatus comprising:
the loading current module is used for loading current to enable a pile in the fuel cell to run in a cold start mode of the fuel cell and starting timing;
the first temperature acquisition module is used for clicking the water pump when the timing reaches a first preset duration, and acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell to obtain a first temperature; the first preset time length is the time length required by the temperature of the cooling liquid reaching the preset proportion range of the normal operation temperature of the cooling liquid; the preset proportion range is 60% -80%;
the second temperature acquisition module is used for starting the water pump again when the timing reaches a second preset time length, and acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid again to obtain a second temperature; the second preset duration is twice as long as the first preset duration;
the expected duration determining module is used for determining the expected duration required to wait for the next time of clicking the water pump according to the magnitude relation between the second temperature, the first temperature and the preset third temperature so as to circularly click the water pump according to the expected duration until the expected duration determined according to the current temperature is smaller than a preset duration threshold value, and determining that the fuel cell is in cold start;
wherein the third temperature is less than the first temperature;
the expected duration determination module is specifically configured to:
if the second temperature is between the first temperature and the third temperature, setting the expected duration of waiting for the next time of clicking the water pump as the first preset duration;
if the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, setting the expected duration as a second duration, wherein the second duration is shorter than the first preset duration;
if the second temperature is smaller than the third temperature, setting the expected duration as a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first preset duration.
6. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes, or a set of instructions, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the set of codes, or the set of instructions being loaded and executed by the processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-4.
7. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, code set, or instruction set, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set, or instruction set being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the cold start method of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-4.
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