CN115799680B - Method, device and system for passive equalization of modules in battery cluster - Google Patents
Method, device and system for passive equalization of modules in battery cluster Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a passive equalization method, device and system for a module in a battery cluster, wherein the method is applied to a cluster-level controller in the passive equalization system for the module in the battery cluster; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring voltage values and temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively through BMUs in the battery modules; determining a first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; determining a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; and sending a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module. The method solves the problem of unbalanced electric quantity among the battery packs in the battery cluster, meanwhile, the balanced energy inside the battery cluster can not be wasted, and the battery temperature in the battery pack is ensured to be maintained within a controllable range.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of energy storage technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a system for passive equalization of modules in a battery cluster.
Background
In the energy storage system, a plurality of battery modules connected in series are included in one battery cluster; due to the difference of internal characteristics of each battery module in practical application, after a period of use, the electric quantity of the battery modules in the same battery cluster is different. Therefore, during operation, it is necessary to perform an equalization operation on the battery modules within the battery cluster. The passive equalization is low in cost, simple to implement and has been widely applied to energy storage systems.
In the prior art, the passive equalization is realized by consuming more energy of the battery module through a resistor connected with the battery module in parallel. In this way, on one hand, energy is wasted in the battery module, and on the other hand, heat energy generated by the resistor for passive equalization during operation can cause an increase in the ambient temperature of the battery, which is not beneficial to control of the ambient temperature of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a passive equalization method, device and system for modules in a battery cluster, which not only solve the problem of unbalanced electric quantity among battery packs in the battery cluster, but also prevent the balanced energy in the battery cluster from being wasted and ensure that the temperature of the batteries in the battery packs is maintained within a controllable range.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a passive equalization method for a module in a battery cluster, where the method is applied to a cluster-level controller in a passive equalization system for the module in the battery cluster; the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster further comprises: a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring voltage values and temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively through BMUs in the battery modules; determining a first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; determining a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; and sending a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step of determining the first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules includes: searching a battery module with the difference value between the voltage value and the lowest voltage value exceeding a first preset voltage threshold value by taking the lowest voltage value in the voltage values as a reference; and determining the searched battery module as a first battery module to be balanced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step of determining the second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules, includes: according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively, searching whether the battery modules with the temperature values deviating from a preset temperature range exist or not; if yes, determining the searched battery module as a second battery module to be thermally managed; if not, the battery module with the largest deviation between the temperature value and the average temperature value is selected from the plurality of battery modules and used as the second battery module to be thermally managed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the electric energy output module is a DCDC module integrated on the BMU; the thermal management module comprises a heating module and a heat dissipation module; the input end of the DCDC module is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery through an input switch, and the output end of the DCDC module is connected to the direct current bus through an output switch; the heating module is connected to the direct current bus through a heating starting switch; the heat radiation module is connected to the direct current bus through a heat radiation starting switch; the method comprises the steps of sending a first control signal to a BMU in a first battery module, sending a second control signal to the BMU in a second battery module, enabling an electric energy output module in the first battery module to output electric energy, and supplying power to a thermal management module in the second battery module, and comprises the following steps: the input switch and the output switch of the DCDC module in the first battery module are controlled to be closed through the first control signal, so that the DCDC module supplies power to the heating module or the radiating module in the second battery module; and controlling a heating start switch of the heating module in the second battery module or a heat dissipation start switch of the heat dissipation module to be closed through a second control signal so as to enable the heating module or the heat dissipation module to perform heat management on the energy storage battery in the second battery module.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: if the second battery module to be thermally managed comprises one, the first battery module to be balanced comprises a plurality of first battery modules, and the electric energy output modules in the first battery modules are sequentially controlled to be balanced one by one; if the second battery modules to be thermally managed comprise a plurality of first battery modules to be balanced comprise a plurality of second battery modules to be thermally managed, the electric energy output modules in the first battery modules of the first designated data are controlled to be balanced simultaneously.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: if the voltage deviation corresponding to the first battery module to be balanced exceeds a second preset voltage threshold, controlling the electric energy output module of the first battery module to supply power for the heat management modules in the second battery modules with the second specified number; the second preset voltage threshold is greater than the first preset voltage threshold.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: when the battery modules reach an equilibrium state, if a third battery module with a temperature value deviating from a preset temperature range is detected, the power output modules in the battery modules corresponding to the current highest voltage value are sequentially controlled to supply power for the thermal management modules in the third battery module according to the sequence from high voltage values to low voltage values on the premise that the battery modules are still in the equilibrium state.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the dc bus is further connected to a backup battery through an access switch; the method further comprises the steps of: and if the first battery module to be balanced is determined, but the second battery module to be thermally managed is not determined, storing the electric energy in the first battery module into a standby battery so as to supply power through the standby battery when the second battery module to be thermally managed is determined.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the application also provides a passive equalization device for the module in the battery cluster, which is applied to a cluster-level controller in a passive equalization system for the module in the battery cluster; the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster further comprises: a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; the device comprises: the data acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage values and temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively through the BMU in the battery modules; the first determining module is used for determining a first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; the second determining module is used for determining a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; and the equalization control module is used for sending a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module so as to enable the electric energy output module in the first battery module to output electric energy and supply power for the thermal management module in the second battery module.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a passive equalization system for a module in a battery cluster, where the system includes a cluster-level controller and a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; the cluster-level controller is adapted to perform the method as described in the first aspect.
In the method, the device and the system for passive equalization of the module in the battery cluster, the method is applied to a cluster-level controller in the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster; the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster further comprises: a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; firstly, a cluster level controller acquires voltage values and temperature values corresponding to battery modules respectively through BMUs in the battery modules; then, determining a first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules respectively, and determining a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; and finally, sending a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module. The embodiment of the application solves the problem of unbalanced electric quantity among the battery packs in the battery cluster, meanwhile, the balanced energy inside the battery cluster can not be wasted, and the battery temperature in the battery pack is ensured to be maintained within a controllable range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a passive equalization method for a module in a battery cluster according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of a passive equalization system in a battery cluster according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cluster according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a structural block diagram of a passive equalization device in a battery cluster according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The equalization method in the prior art mainly aims at single batteries, and few methods for overall equalization of modules are provided, so that the embodiment of the application provides a passive equalization method, device and system for modules in a battery cluster, which not only solves the problem of unbalanced electric quantity among battery packs in the battery cluster, but also ensures that the energy equalized in the battery cluster is not wasted, and the temperature of the batteries in the battery pack is maintained within a controllable range. For the convenience of understanding the present embodiment, a method for passive equalization of modules in a battery cluster disclosed in the present embodiment is first described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a passive equalization method of a module in a battery cluster, which is provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the method is applied to a cluster level controller (i.e. BCMU) in a passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster; referring to fig. 2, the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster further includes: a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S102, obtaining voltage values and temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively through BMU in the battery modules;
in each battery module, the BMU can acquire the electric quantity voltage value of the energy storage battery, and can also acquire the temperature value corresponding to the energy storage battery through a temperature sensor arranged on the energy storage battery. The cluster-level controller can acquire voltage values and temperature values corresponding to the battery modules through BMUs in the battery modules.
Step S104, determining a first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules.
Here, a battery module having a voltage value greatly deviated from the minimum voltage value may be generally selected as the first battery module to be equalized. For example, the battery module corresponding to the voltage value with the difference value of the minimum voltage value exceeding a certain amount, or the battery module corresponding to the current highest voltage value is sequentially used as the first battery module to be equalized.
Step S106, determining a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules.
There are also various screening methods for determining the second battery module to be thermally managed, and here, a battery module having a larger deviation in temperature value may be generally screened out as the second battery module to be thermally managed. For example, a battery module corresponding to a temperature value deviating from a preset temperature range, or a battery module deviating from an average temperature value greatly may be used as the second battery module to be thermally managed.
Step S108, a first control signal is sent to the BMU in the first battery module, and a second control signal is sent to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module.
In the step, the cluster-level controller sends a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module, and after sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, the BMU in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module by controlling the electric energy output module, and the BMU in the second battery module simultaneously controls the thermal management module to heat or dissipate heat.
The passive equalization method for the module in the battery cluster is applied to a cluster-level controller in a passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster; the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster further comprises: a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; firstly, a cluster level controller acquires voltage values and temperature values corresponding to battery modules respectively through BMUs in the battery modules; then, determining a first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules respectively, and determining a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; and finally, sending a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module. The embodiment of the application solves the problem of unbalanced electric quantity among the battery packs in the battery cluster, meanwhile, the balanced energy inside the battery cluster can not be wasted, and the battery temperature in the battery pack is ensured to be maintained within a controllable range.
The embodiment of the application also provides another passive equalization method for the module in the battery cluster, which is realized on the basis of the previous embodiment, and in the embodiment, various preferred modes of equalization processing are described in an important way.
The step of determining the first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules respectively includes: searching a battery module with the difference value between the voltage value and the lowest voltage value exceeding a first preset voltage threshold value by taking the lowest voltage value in the voltage values as a reference; and determining the searched battery module as a first battery module to be balanced.
In specific implementation, after the system is started, the BCMU collects the current voltage value and the current temperature value of the battery modules from the BMU of each battery module, judges whether the voltage of other battery modules in the same cluster is larger than a certain set threshold value by taking the battery module with the lowest current voltage value as a reference, and if so, needs to perform passive equalization operation on the battery modules.
The step of determining the second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively includes: according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively, searching whether the battery modules with the temperature values deviating from a preset temperature range exist or not; if yes, determining the searched battery module as a second battery module to be thermally managed; if not, the battery module with the largest deviation between the temperature value and the average temperature value is selected from the plurality of battery modules and used as the second battery module to be thermally managed.
BCMU further selects battery modules that need thermal management (heating or heat dissipation), including the following two cases:
(1) At least one battery module in the cluster is deviated from the normal range, and the battery modules are selected for heat management;
(2) If no battery module in the cluster deviates from the normal range, the BCMU performs thermal management by comparing the temperature of each battery module with the average temperature of each battery module and screening out the battery module with the largest deviation from the average temperature (even if the battery modules of the same model have certain differences in physical properties, so that the battery modules have certain differences in real-time temperatures when in operation).
Referring to the schematic diagram of the battery cluster structure shown in fig. 3 (only two battery modules are shown for clarity of illustration), the above-mentioned power output module is a DCDC module integrated on the BMU; the thermal management module comprises a heating module and a heat dissipation module; the input end of the DCDC module is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery through an input switch, and the output end of the DCDC module is connected to the direct current bus through an output switch; the heating module is connected to the direct current bus through a heating starting switch; the heat radiation module is connected to the direct current bus through a heat radiation starting switch.
The step of sending the first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending the second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module includes: the input switch and the output switch of the DCDC module in the first battery module are controlled to be closed through the first control signal, so that the DCDC module supplies power to the heating module or the radiating module in the second battery module; and controlling a heating start switch of the heating module in the second battery module or a heat dissipation start switch of the heat dissipation module to be closed through a second control signal so as to enable the heating module or the heat dissipation module to perform heat management on the energy storage battery in the second battery module.
When the battery module for thermal management is selected by the BCMU, the battery module sends a signal to the BMU of the battery module, and the BMU controls the starting switch of the heating module or the heat dissipation module to be closed; meanwhile, the BCMU sends a signal to the BMU of the battery module to be balanced, and the BMU controls the input and output switches of the DC-DC to be closed, so that the unbalanced battery module supplies power to the battery module to be thermally managed, and passive balancing is achieved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: if the second battery module to be thermally managed comprises one, the first battery module to be balanced comprises a plurality of first battery modules, and the electric energy output modules in the first battery modules are sequentially controlled to be balanced one by one; if the second battery modules to be thermally managed comprise a plurality of first battery modules to be balanced comprise a plurality of second battery modules to be thermally managed, the electric energy output modules in the first battery modules of the first designated data are controlled to be balanced simultaneously.
That is, the battery modules are typically equalized one by one in sequence, and only when the temperature of the battery modules deviates from the normal range, the battery modules may be connected to the bus bar for supplying power to the heating module or the heat dissipation module of the battery modules to be thermally managed. The DC-DC adopts an isolated DC-DC, so that a plurality of battery modules in the same cluster can be ensured to perform balanced operation at the same time. But the battery modules for equalization are generally not more than three.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: if the voltage deviation corresponding to the first battery module to be balanced exceeds a second preset voltage threshold, controlling the electric energy output module of the first battery module to supply power for the heat management modules in the second battery modules with the second specified number; the second preset voltage threshold is greater than the first preset voltage threshold.
In practice, a battery module generally supplies power to a heating module or a heat dissipation module. Only when a certain battery module needs to be accelerated to be balanced, power can be supplied to a plurality of heating modules or radiating modules, and the maximum number of the heating modules or radiating modules is two in consideration of the power of DC-DC on the BMU and the cost.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: when the battery modules reach an equilibrium state, if a third battery module with a temperature value deviating from a preset temperature range is detected, the power output modules in the battery modules corresponding to the current highest voltage value are sequentially controlled to supply power for the thermal management modules in the third battery module according to the sequence from high voltage values to low voltage values on the premise that the battery modules are still in the equilibrium state.
In practical application, when the battery modules in the cluster are balanced and normally operated, if the BCMU monitors that the temperature of the battery module deviates from the normal range, the heat dissipation module or the heating module of the battery module which needs to be thermally managed can be powered by the highest voltage in the battery module, and the starting process is the same as the above process. The priority of this function is lower than that of the passive equalization of the battery module, and therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the battery module for power supply does not deviate from the equalization. When the BCMU monitors that the voltage of the battery module for power supply is reduced to be equal to or close to the lowest voltage of the battery modules in the cluster, if the battery modules in the cluster deviate from the normal range, the battery modules are switched to the other battery module with the highest current voltage for power supply.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the dc bus is further connected to a backup battery through an access switch; the method further comprises the steps of: and if the first battery module to be balanced is determined, but the second battery module to be thermally managed is not determined, storing the electric energy in the first battery module into a standby battery so as to supply power through the standby battery when the second battery module to be thermally managed is determined.
In specific implementation, a standby battery can be connected to the direct current bus, the access switch of the standby battery is directly controlled by the BCMU, when the battery modules are balanced, if the temperature of the battery modules in the cluster does not deviate from the normal range, the electric quantity of the battery module to be balanced is preferentially transmitted to the standby battery, and after the electric quantity of the standby battery is full, whether other battery modules deviating from the average temperature to the maximum is needed to be thermally managed is considered. In addition, in the heat management of the battery modules, since the battery modules in the cluster are in an equilibrium state, the heat dissipation module or the heating module of the battery module to be thermally managed can be preferentially powered by the standby battery, and only after the electric quantity of the standby battery is exhausted, the scheme for supporting the thermal management by screening the battery modules to be balanced to power is selected as described above.
In the embodiment of the application, the normal temperature range of the battery module is set to be 20 ℃ to 35 ℃, and when the temperature of the battery module is lower than 20 ℃, the battery module can be heated, and the battery module is usually heated to 25 ℃ and then stopped; when the temperature of the battery module is higher than 35 ℃, heat dissipation can be performed, and the heat dissipation is stopped until the temperature reaches 33 ℃ generally. The heating module and the heat dissipation module may be selected from elements conventional in the art.
According to the passive equalization method for the module in the battery cluster, the passively equalized electric quantity of the battery module is used for starting the heating or radiating module. Through the direct current bus and the plurality of switches connected on the direct current bus, the balanced electric quantity can be used for battery modules which are most required to be subjected to thermal management, such as redundant electric quantity of a first battery module is used for supplying power to a heat dissipation module of a second battery module. By adding the standby battery, the system scheme can be more perfect.
Based on the method embodiment, the embodiment of the application also provides a passive equalization device of the module in the battery cluster, which is applied to a cluster-level controller in a passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster; the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster further comprises: a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; referring to fig. 4, the apparatus includes:
the data acquisition module 42 is configured to acquire a voltage value and a temperature value corresponding to each battery module through the BMU in each battery module; the first determining module 44 is configured to determine a first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; a second determining module 46, configured to determine a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; and the equalization control module 48 is configured to send a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and send a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first determining module 44 is configured to search, based on a lowest voltage value of the voltage values, a battery module having a difference between the voltage value and the lowest voltage value exceeding a first preset voltage threshold; and determining the searched battery module as a first battery module to be balanced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the second determining module 46 is configured to search whether there is a battery module with a temperature value deviating from a preset temperature range according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; if yes, determining the searched battery module as a second battery module to be thermally managed; if not, the battery module with the largest deviation between the temperature value and the average temperature value is selected from the plurality of battery modules and used as the second battery module to be thermally managed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the electric energy output module is a DCDC module integrated on the BMU; the thermal management module comprises a heating module and a heat dissipation module; the input end of the DCDC module is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery through an input switch, and the output end of the DCDC module is connected to the direct current bus through an output switch; the heating module is connected to the direct current bus through a heating starting switch; the heat radiation module is connected to the direct current bus through a heat radiation starting switch; the equalization control module 48 is configured to control, by using a first control signal, the input switch and the output switch of the DCDC module in the first battery module to be closed, so that the DCDC module supplies power to the heating module or the heat dissipation module in the second battery module; and controlling a heating start switch of the heating module in the second battery module or a heat dissipation start switch of the heat dissipation module to be closed through a second control signal so as to enable the heating module or the heat dissipation module to perform heat management on the energy storage battery in the second battery module.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the balancing control module 48 is configured to sequentially control the power output modules in the first battery module to perform balancing one by one if the second battery module to be thermally managed includes one, and the first battery module to be balanced includes a plurality of first battery modules; if the second battery modules to be thermally managed comprise a plurality of first battery modules to be balanced comprise a plurality of second battery modules to be thermally managed, the electric energy output modules in the first battery modules of the first designated data are controlled to be balanced simultaneously.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the balancing control module 48 is configured to control the power output module of the first battery module to supply power to the thermal management modules in the second battery module of the second designated number if the voltage deviation corresponding to the first battery module to be balanced exceeds a second preset voltage threshold; the second preset voltage threshold is greater than the first preset voltage threshold.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the equalization control module 48 is configured to, when the plurality of battery modules reach an equilibrium state, sequentially control, according to a sequence from a high voltage value to a low voltage value, an electric energy output module in a battery module corresponding to a current highest voltage value to supply power to a thermal management module in a third battery module on the premise of ensuring that the plurality of battery modules are still in the equilibrium state if the temperature value of the third battery module deviates from a preset temperature range.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the dc bus is further connected to a backup battery through an access switch; and the balancing control module 48 is configured to store the electric energy in the first battery module in the backup battery if the first battery module to be balanced is determined, but the second battery module to be thermally managed is not determined, so as to supply power through the backup battery when the second battery module to be thermally managed is determined.
The device provided in the embodiments of the present application has the same implementation principle and technical effects as those of the foregoing method embodiments, and for a brief description, reference may be made to corresponding matters in the foregoing method embodiments where no reference is made to the description of the embodiments of the device.
Based on the above method embodiments, the present application further provides a passive equalization system for a module in a battery cluster, as shown in fig. 2, where the system includes a cluster-level controller 11 and a plurality of battery modules 12; each battery module 12 includes: battery management unit BMU121, power output module 122, thermal management module 123, and energy storage battery 124; the BMU121 and the energy storage battery 124 are respectively connected with the electric energy output module 122 and the thermal management module 123; the cluster-level controller 11 is respectively connected with the BMU121 in each battery module 12; the cluster-level controller 11 is adapted to perform the method as described in the first aspect.
In the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster, which is provided by the embodiment of the application, a cluster-level controller; acquiring voltage values and temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively through BMUs in the battery modules; then, determining a first battery module to be balanced according to the voltage values corresponding to the battery modules respectively, and determining a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively; and finally, sending a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module. The embodiment of the application solves the problem of unbalanced electric quantity among the battery packs in the battery cluster, meanwhile, the balanced energy inside the battery cluster can not be wasted, and the battery temperature in the battery pack is ensured to be maintained within a controllable range.
The system provided in the embodiments of the present application has the same implementation principle and technical effects as those of the foregoing method embodiments, and for a brief description, reference may be made to corresponding matters in the foregoing method embodiments where the embodiment part of the system is not mentioned.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, where a computer executable instruction is stored, where the computer executable instruction, when being called and executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the foregoing method, and the specific implementation may refer to the foregoing method embodiment and is not described herein.
The method, the apparatus and the computer program product of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application include a computer readable storage medium storing program codes, where the instructions included in the program codes may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation may refer to the method embodiment and will not be described herein.
The relative steps, numerical expressions and numerical values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless specifically stated otherwise.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium executable by a processor. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing examples are merely specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that while the foregoing examples are described in detail, the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features within the technical scope of the disclosure of the present application; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The passive equalization method for the module in the battery cluster is characterized by being applied to a cluster-level controller in a passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster; the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster further comprises: a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring voltage values and temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively through BMUs in the battery modules;
searching a battery module with the difference value between the voltage value and the lowest voltage value exceeding a first preset voltage threshold by taking the lowest voltage value in the voltage values as a reference; determining the searched battery module as a first battery module to be balanced;
determining a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively;
sending a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module;
the method further comprises the steps of:
when a plurality of battery modules reach an equilibrium state, if a third battery module with a temperature value deviating from a preset temperature range is detected, on the premise that the battery modules are still in the equilibrium state, the power output modules in the battery modules corresponding to the highest voltage value at present are sequentially controlled to supply power for the thermal management modules in the third battery module according to the sequence from high voltage values to low voltage values.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature value corresponding to each battery module, respectively, comprises:
according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively, searching whether the battery modules with the temperature values deviating from a preset temperature range exist or not;
if yes, determining the searched battery module as a second battery module to be thermally managed;
if not, the battery module with the largest deviation between the temperature value and the average temperature value is selected from the plurality of battery modules and used as the second battery module to be thermally managed.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the power output module is a DCDC module integrated on a BMU; the thermal management module comprises a heating module and a heat dissipation module; the input end of the DCDC module is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery through an input switch, and the output end of the DCDC module is connected to a direct current bus through an output switch; the heating module is connected to the direct current bus through a heating starting switch; the heat radiation module is connected to the direct current bus through a heat radiation starting switch;
sending a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module, so that the electric energy output module in the first battery module outputs electric energy to supply power to the thermal management module in the second battery module, and the method comprises the following steps of:
the input switch and the output switch of the DCDC module in the first battery module are controlled to be closed through the first control signal, so that the DCDC module supplies power to the heating module or the radiating module in the second battery module;
and controlling a heating start switch of the heating module in the second battery module or a heat dissipation start switch of the heat dissipation module to be closed through the second control signal so that the heating module or the heat dissipation module can carry out heat management on the energy storage battery in the second battery module.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
if the second battery module to be thermally managed comprises one, the first battery module to be balanced comprises a plurality of first battery modules, and the electric energy output modules in the first battery modules are sequentially controlled to be balanced one by one;
if the second battery modules to be thermally managed comprise a plurality of first battery modules to be balanced comprise a plurality of second battery modules to be thermally managed, the electric energy output modules in the first battery modules of the first designated data are controlled to be balanced simultaneously.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
if the voltage deviation corresponding to the first battery module to be balanced exceeds a second preset voltage threshold, controlling an electric energy output module of the first battery module to supply power for a heat management module in a second battery module with a second designated number; the second preset voltage threshold is greater than the first preset voltage threshold.
6. A method according to claim 3, wherein the dc bus is further connected to a backup battery via an access switch; the method further comprises the steps of:
and if the first battery module to be balanced is determined, but the second battery module to be thermally managed is not determined, storing the electric energy in the first battery module into the standby battery so as to supply power through the standby battery when the second battery module to be thermally managed is determined.
7. The device is applied to a cluster-level controller in a passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster; the passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster further comprises: a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; the device comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage values and temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively through the BMU in the battery modules;
the first determining module is used for searching a battery module with the difference value between the voltage value and the lowest voltage value exceeding a first preset voltage threshold value by taking the lowest voltage value in the voltage values as a reference; determining the searched battery module as a first battery module to be balanced;
the second determining module is used for determining a second battery module to be thermally managed according to the temperature values corresponding to the battery modules respectively;
the equalization control module is used for sending a first control signal to the BMU in the first battery module and sending a second control signal to the BMU in the second battery module so as to enable the electric energy output module in the first battery module to output electric energy and supply power for the thermal management module in the second battery module;
and the equalization control module is further used for sequentially controlling the electric energy output modules in the battery modules corresponding to the current highest voltage value to supply power for the thermal management modules in the third battery module according to the sequence from high voltage value to low voltage value on the premise of ensuring that the battery modules are still in an equalization state when the battery modules reach an equalization state and if the temperature value is detected to deviate from the third battery module in the preset temperature range.
8. The passive equalization system of the module in the battery cluster is characterized by comprising a cluster-level controller and a plurality of battery modules; each battery module includes: the device comprises a battery management unit BMU, an electric energy output module, a thermal management module and an energy storage battery; the BMU and the energy storage battery are respectively connected with the electric energy output module and the thermal management module; the cluster-level controller is respectively connected with the BMU in each battery module; the cluster-level controller is configured to perform the method of any of claims 1-6.
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