CN115172116A - Non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker - Google Patents
Non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN115172116A CN115172116A CN202211031878.2A CN202211031878A CN115172116A CN 115172116 A CN115172116 A CN 115172116A CN 202211031878 A CN202211031878 A CN 202211031878A CN 115172116 A CN115172116 A CN 115172116A
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
- H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/08—Terminals; Connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
- H01H73/02—Details
- H01H73/04—Contacts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker, which is provided with a magnetic line of force closed type double-combination electric permanent magnet opening and closing mechanism, and comprises an electromagnet, a closing permanent magnet and an opening permanent magnet which are coaxially and collinearly arranged; the electromagnet consists of an iron core and an electromagnetic coil wound outside the iron core, an electromagnet frame is arranged outside the electromagnet, and the moving contact support is connected to the electromagnet frame; the electromagnetic circuit breaker is characterized in that a forward current or a reverse current is input to the electromagnetic coil, the electromagnet moves towards the closing permanent magnet or the opening permanent magnet, the moving contact support drives the live wire moving contact mechanism and the zero line moving contact mechanism to act, closing or opening of the circuit breaker is achieved, and the electromagnetic circuit breaker is further provided with a zero sequence sensor and a PCB circuit board, so that leakage protection is achieved. The invention greatly improves the response speed of opening the brake, the sensitivity and the shock resistance of tripping and the service life, and is beneficial to the development of the circuit breaker towards the intelligent direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of leakage circuit breakers, in particular to a non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker.
Background
At present, the circuit breakers widely popularized in the market basically control the switching-on and switching-off of the circuit breaker by means of a mechanical transmission system, and trigger the quick separation of a moving contact and a static contact of the circuit breaker by means of a mechanical tripping method when a circuit is abnormal. When meeting the intelligent requirement of the circuit breaker, the method must be matched with an additional motor opening and closing driving device and an additional mechanical tripping device, so that the intelligent circuit breaker has larger volume, complex structure and greatly improved natural cost.
In addition, when an electric leakage fault occurs, the traditional electronic electric leakage circuit breaker needs to amplify the electric leakage current picked up by the zero potential mutual inductor by using an electronic signal amplifying circuit, and then a mechanical tripper of the circuit breaker is triggered to open a brake by a movable iron core inside an electric leakage tripping coil, so that the structure of the electric leakage circuit breaker is too complex and the size is too large due to the tripping mode of converting the electric leakage current into mechanical force.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker, which adopts a permanent magnet and electromagnet double combination for closing magnetic lines to control opening and closing and tripping of the circuit breaker, removes the traditional leakage electromagnetic coil, a mechanical opening and closing mechanism and a tripping mechanism, simplifies the structure, greatly improves the opening reaction speed, the tripping sensitivity and the shock resistance and prolongs the service life at the same time, and is beneficial to the development of the circuit breaker towards the intelligent direction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker comprises a shell, and a live wire input connecting wire, a live wire static contact, a live wire moving contact mechanism, a magnetic line closed type double-combination electric permanent magnet opening and closing mechanism, a live wire connecting flexible wire, a live wire output end connecting piece, a live wire output connecting wire, a magnetic protection device, a thermal protection assembly, a zero line input connecting wire, a zero line static contact, a zero line moving contact mechanism, a zero line connecting flexible wire, a zero line output connecting piece and a zero line output terminal which are arranged in the shell;
the live wire moving contact mechanism comprises a live wire moving contact, a moving contact support and a live wire moving contact spring, wherein the live wire input connecting terminal is connected with the live wire fixed contact; the live wire moving contact is respectively connected with the magnetic protection device and the thermal protection assembly through a live wire connecting flexible wire; the magnetic protection device and the thermal protection assembly are respectively connected with a live wire output end lug plate, and the live wire output end lug plate is connected with a live wire output connecting terminal;
the zero line input connecting terminal is connected with the zero line static contact, the zero line moving contact mechanism comprises a zero line moving contact, a zero line moving contact spring and a moving contact support, the zero line moving contact is arranged close to the zero line static contact in a matching mode, the zero line moving contact is connected with the zero line moving contact spring, and the zero line moving contact spring is arranged on the moving contact support; the zero line moving contact is respectively connected with the magnetic protection device and the thermal protection assembly through a zero line connecting flexible wire; the magnetic protection device and the thermal protection assembly are respectively connected with the zero line output lug plate, and the zero line output lug plate is connected with a zero line output terminal;
the magnetic line of force closed type double-combination electric permanent magnet switching-closing mechanism comprises an electromagnet, a switching-on permanent magnet and a switching-off permanent magnet, wherein the switching-on permanent magnet and the switching-off permanent magnet are respectively and fixedly arranged on the shell, the electromagnet is slidably arranged between the switching-on permanent magnet and the switching-off permanent magnet, the electromagnet and the switching-on permanent magnet are coaxially and collinearly arranged from left to right, and the magnetic polarity of the switching-off permanent magnet facing to the open attraction surface of the electromagnet and the magnetic polarity of the switching-on permanent magnet facing to the open attraction surface of the electromagnet are set to be the same polarity; the electromagnet consists of an iron core and an electromagnetic coil wound outside the iron core, an electromagnet frame is arranged outside the electromagnet, and the moving contact support pin shaft is connected to the electromagnet frame; a switching-on movable contact is further arranged at one end, close to the live wire movable contact, of the movable contact support, a switching-on permanent magnet is arranged at one side, close to the live wire movable contact, of the switching-on permanent magnet, the switching-on fixed contact is fixed on the shell and is arranged opposite to the switching-on movable contact to form a switching-on contact assembly, the switching-on movable contact is attached to the switching-on fixed contact in a switching-off state, and the switching-on movable contact is separated from the switching-on fixed contact in a switching-off state;
the electromagnet moves towards a closing permanent magnet or a breaking permanent magnet to drive a live wire moving contact mechanism and a zero line moving contact mechanism to act so as to realize the closing or breaking action of the circuit breaker;
still be provided with zero sequence transformer and PCB circuit board in the casing, the patchcord is connected to the live wire, and the patchcord is connected to the zero line and wears to establish respectively zero sequence transformer, PCB circuit board with zero sequence transformer electric connection.
Furthermore, the circuit breaker further comprises a live wire arc-extinguishing grid and a zero line arc-extinguishing grid, wherein the live wire arc-extinguishing grid is connected with the live wire static contact, and the zero line arc-extinguishing grid is connected with the zero line static contact.
Further, the magnetic protection device comprises a magnetic protector and a magnetic protection switch; the thermal protection assembly includes a bimetal and a thermal protection switch.
Furthermore, a manual switching-on button and a manual switching-off button are arranged on the shell; the manual closing button is arranged between the electromagnetic coil and the closing stationary contact, one end of the electromagnetic coil is connected with the manual closing button through a closing rectifier tube D1, and the other end of the electromagnetic coil is connected with the zero line stationary contact through a current limiting resistor R1; the manual switching-off button is respectively connected with a magnetic protection switch and a thermal protection switch, one end of the electromagnetic coil, which is connected with the switching-on rectifying tube D1, is respectively connected with the magnetic protection switch and the thermal protection switch through the switching-off rectifying tube D2, a control point A is arranged between the switching-on rectifying tube D1 and the switching-off rectifying tube D2, and one end of the electromagnetic coil is connected to the control point A; and current in different directions is input to the electromagnetic coil by pressing a manual closing button or a manual opening button.
Furthermore, an electric leakage test button is further arranged on the shell, one end of the electric leakage test button is sequentially connected with the thermal protection assembly and the magnetic protection device, and a magnetic protection switch of the magnetic protection device is connected with the PCB; the other end of the electric leakage test button is connected with a second current-limiting resistor R2 through a test wire, and the test wire penetrates through the zero sequence transformer and then is connected to the zero line moving contact.
Furthermore, the switching-on permanent magnet and the switching-off permanent magnet have the same structure and respectively comprise a cylindrical permanent magnet and a pot-shaped cylinder with an opening, the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged in the pot-shaped cylinder, is only in attraction contact with the bottom of the pot-shaped cylinder and keeps a certain gap with the periphery of the pot-shaped cylinder, and the gap is filled with epoxy resin; the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged in the tank-shaped cylinder, the height of the cylindrical permanent magnet in the tank-shaped cylinder is slightly lower than that of the opening of the tank-shaped cylinder, so that a height difference is formed, and the height difference forms a magnetic gap generated when the closing permanent magnet, the opening permanent magnet and the electromagnet are attracted.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker provided by the invention has the following technical effects: the double-combination electric permanent magnet switching-on and switching-off mechanism formed by the permanent magnet and the electromagnet for sealing magnetic force lines can realize on-off control of related circuits by applying a very short direct current pulse to the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet, control contacts are switched on and off, the required force is smaller, the switching-on and switching-off is more sensitive, and error tripping is less likely to occur, so that the electric permanent magnet force is used for replacing mechanical force for switching-on, switching-off and tripping, the switching-off reaction speed can be greatly improved, the tripping sensitivity and the anti-seismic performance are higher than those of the traditional mechanical tripping scheme, moreover, the service life of the mechanical tripper is only ten thousand grades, the service life of the double-combination electric permanent magnet switching-on and switching-off mechanism can reach million grades, in addition, the double-combination electric permanent magnet switching-on and switching-off mechanism does not need a motor driving mechanism, and is more convenient for carrying out remote intelligent control on a circuit breaker; the magnetic protection device and the thermal protection assembly are arranged, so that the magnetic protection and the thermal protection of the circuit breaker can be realized; in addition, the invention has the leakage protection function, when the zero sequence transformer picks up a leakage fault signal, the PCB circuit board amplifies the leakage signal, the silicon controlled rectifier conducts the opening magnetizing current of the electromagnetic coil, and the opening of the circuit device is controlled, so that the leakage protection is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a closing working state of a non-mechanical opening and closing electronic residual current circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an opening working state of the non-mechanical opening/closing electronic leakage circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of the non-mechanical opening/closing electronic residual current circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-combination electric permanent magnet opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an opening/closing logic circuit of the non-mechanical opening/closing electronic leakage circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows: 1. a live wire input connecting terminal; 2. a live line static contact; 3. a live wire moving contact mechanism; 3a, a live wire moving contact; 3b, a moving contact support; 3c, a live wire moving contact spring; 4. a live wire arc chute; 5. a double-combination electric permanent magnet switching-on and switching-off mechanism; 5a, an electromagnet; 5b, an electromagnetic coil; 5c, an electromagnet frame; 5d, closing a permanent magnet; 5dx of cylindrical first permanent magnet; 5dy, a first pot-shaped cylinder; 5e, opening a brake permanent magnet; 5ex, cylindrical permanent magnet II; 5ey, a second pot-shaped cylinder; 6. the live wire is connected with a flexible wire; 7. an output terminal lug plate; 8. an output terminal; 9. a magnetic protection device; 9a, a magnetic protector; 9b, a magnetic protection switch; 10. a thermal protection component; 10a, a bimetallic strip; 10b, a thermal protection switch; 11. a zero line input connecting terminal; 12. a zero line static contact; 13. a zero line moving contact mechanism; 13a, a zero line moving contact; 13b, a zero line moving contact spring; 14. a zero line arc chute; 15. the zero line is connected with a flexible wire; 16. a zero line output lug; 17. a zero line output terminal; 18. a manual closing button; 19. a manual brake-separating button; 20. a closing contact assembly; 20a, closing a movable contact; 20b, a closing static contact; 21. a housing; 22. a zero-sequence transformer; 23. a PCB circuit board; 24. a leakage test button;
d1, a switching-on rectifier tube; d2, opening a rectifier tube; r1-a first current limiting resistor; r2-current limiting resistor II.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker, which adopts a permanent magnet and electromagnet double combination for closing magnetic lines of force to control opening and closing and tripping of the circuit breaker, removes the traditional leakage electromagnetic coil, a mechanical opening and closing mechanism and a tripping mechanism, simplifies the structure, greatly improves the opening reaction speed, the tripping sensitivity and the shock resistance and prolongs the service life, and is favorable for the development of the circuit breaker towards the intelligent direction.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the non-mechanical opening/closing electronic leakage circuit breaker provided by the present invention includes a housing 21, and a live wire input connection terminal 1, a live wire static contact 2, a live wire moving contact mechanism 3, a double-combination electric permanent magnet opening/closing mechanism 5, a live wire connection flexible wire 6, a live wire output terminal connection piece 7, a live wire output connection terminal 8, a magnetic protection device 9, a thermal protection assembly 10, a zero line input connection terminal 11, a zero line static contact 12, a zero line moving contact mechanism 13, a zero line connection flexible wire 15, a zero line output connection piece 16, and a zero line output terminal 17 installed in the housing 21;
the live wire input connecting terminal 1 is connected with the live wire fixed contact 2, the live wire moving contact mechanism 3 comprises a live wire moving contact 3a, a moving contact support 3b and a live wire moving contact spring 3c, the live wire moving contact 3a is arranged close to the live wire fixed contact 2 in a matching mode, the live wire moving contact 3a is connected with the live wire moving contact spring 3c, and the live wire moving contact spring 3c is arranged on the moving contact support 3 b; the live wire moving contact 3a is respectively connected with the magnetic protection device 9 and the thermal protection assembly 10 through a live wire connecting flexible wire 6; the magnetic protection device 9 and the thermal protection assembly 10 are respectively connected with the live wire output end connecting piece 7, and the live wire output end connecting piece 7 is connected with the live wire output connecting terminal 8;
the zero line input connecting terminal 11 is connected with the zero line static contact 12, the zero line moving contact mechanism 13 comprises a zero line moving contact 13a, a zero line moving contact spring 13b and a moving contact support 3b, the zero line moving contact 13a is arranged close to the zero line static contact 12 in a matching mode, the zero line moving contact 13a is connected with the zero line moving contact spring 13b, and the zero line moving contact spring 13b is arranged on the moving contact support 3 b; the zero line moving contact 13a is respectively connected with the magnetic protection device 9 and the thermal protection assembly 10 through a zero line connecting flexible wire 15; the magnetic protection device 9 and the thermal protection assembly 10 are respectively connected with the zero line output lug plate 16, and the zero line output lug plate 16 is connected with a zero line output terminal 17;
the magnetic line closed type double-combination electric permanent magnet switching-closing mechanism 5 comprises an electromagnet 5a, a switching-on permanent magnet 5d and a switching-off permanent magnet 5e, wherein the switching-on permanent magnet 5d and the switching-off permanent magnet 5e are respectively and fixedly installed on the shell 21, the electromagnet 5a is slidably arranged between the switching-on permanent magnet 5d and the switching-off permanent magnet 5e, the electromagnet 5a and the switching-on permanent magnet 5d are coaxially and collinearly arranged from left to right, and the magnetic polarity of the switching-off permanent magnet 5e facing the open attraction face of the electromagnet 5a and the magnetic polarity of the switching-on permanent magnet 5d facing the open attraction face of the electromagnet 5a are set to be the same polarity; the electromagnet 5a is composed of an iron core and an electromagnetic coil 5b wound outside the iron core, an electromagnet frame 5c is arranged outside the electromagnet 5a, and the movable contact support 3b is connected to the electromagnet frame 5c through a pin shaft; a closing movable contact 20a is further arranged at one end of the movable contact support 3b close to the live wire movable contact 3a, a closing permanent magnet 5d is provided with a closing stationary contact 20b at one side close to the live wire movable contact 3a, the closing stationary contact 20b is fixed on the shell 21 and is arranged opposite to the closing movable contact 20a to form a closing contact assembly 20, the closing movable contact 20a is attached to the closing stationary contact 20b in an opening state, and the closing movable contact 20a is separated from the closing stationary contact 20b in the opening state;
the electromagnet 5a drives the live line moving contact mechanism 3 and the zero line moving contact mechanism 13 to act towards the closing permanent magnet 5d or the opening permanent magnet 5e, so that the closing or opening action of the circuit breaker is realized.
Still be provided with zero sequence transformer 22 and PCB circuit board 23 in the casing 21, live wire connecting flexible wire 6, zero line connecting flexible wire 15 wear to establish respectively zero sequence transformer 22, PCB circuit board 23 respectively with zero sequence transformer 22 electric connection.
The circuit breaker further comprises a live wire arc-extinguishing grid 4 and a zero line arc-extinguishing grid 14, wherein the live wire arc-extinguishing grid 4 is connected with the live wire static contact 2, and the zero line arc-extinguishing grid 14 is connected with the zero line static contact 12.
The magnetic protection device 9 comprises a magnetic protector 9a and a magnetic protection switch 9b; the thermal protection assembly 10 includes a bimetal 10a and a thermal protection switch 10b. As shown in fig. 5, a manual closing button 18 and a manual opening button 19 are mounted on the housing 21; the manual closing button 18 is arranged between the electromagnetic coil 5b and the closing stationary contact 20b, one end of the electromagnetic coil 5b is connected with the manual closing button 18 through a closing rectifier tube D1, and the other end of the electromagnetic coil is connected with the zero line stationary contact 12 through a current-limiting resistor R1; the manual switching-off button 19 is respectively connected with the magnetic protection switch 9b and the thermal protection switch 10b, one end of the electromagnetic coil 5b, which is connected with the switching-on rectifying tube D1, is respectively connected with the magnetic protection switch 9b and the thermal protection switch 10b through the switching-off rectifying tube D2, a control point A is arranged between the switching-on rectifying tube D1 and the switching-off rectifying tube D2, and one end of the electromagnetic coil 5b is connected with the control point A; the electromagnetic coil 5b is supplied with current in different directions by pressing a manual closing button 18 or a manual opening button 19.
The shell 21 is further provided with an electric leakage test button 24, one end of the electric leakage test button 24 is sequentially connected with the thermal protection assembly 10 and the magnetic protection device 9, and a magnetic protection switch 9b of the magnetic protection device 9 is connected with the PCB 23; the other end of the leakage test button 24 is connected to the second current limiting resistor R2 through a test line, and the test line passes through the zero sequence transformer 22 and then is connected to the zero line moving contact 13a, as shown in fig. 5.
The switching-on permanent magnet 5d and the switching-off permanent magnet 5e have the same structure and respectively comprise a cylindrical permanent magnet and a pot-shaped cylinder with an opening, the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged in the pot-shaped cylinder, is only in attraction contact with the bottom of the pot-shaped cylinder and keeps a certain gap with the periphery of the pot-shaped cylinder, and the gap is filled with epoxy resin; the height of the cylindrical permanent magnet arranged in the tank-shaped cylinder is slightly lower than the opening of the tank-shaped cylinder, so that a height difference is formed, and the height difference forms a magnetic gap generated when the closing permanent magnet 5d and the opening permanent magnet 5e attract the electromagnet 5 a.
The invention is characterized by two main protection functions for the circuit breaker: firstly, magnetic protection is performed, when a main circuit short circuit fault occurs, the magnetic protection device 9 can generate electromagnetic force (known in the industry) as a conventional circuit breaker magnetic tripping mechanism, but the magnetic force required by the conventional circuit breaker magnetic tripping mechanism is large enough to drive a conventional circuit breaker mechanical tripper, which is much larger than the magnetic force of a touch switch generated by the magnetic protection device 9 of the invention, the magnetic force of the touch switch triggers the magnetic protection switch 9b to be switched on, so that the electromagnetic coil 5b obtains a switching-off current, the electromagnetic polarity generated by the switching-off current is mutually repelled with the magnetic polarity of the switching-on permanent magnet 5d and mutually attracted with the magnetic polarity of the switching-off permanent magnet 5e, and the resultant force generated by the repulsion and attraction causes the electromagnet 5a to drive the live line moving contact mechanism 3 and the zero line moving contact mechanism 13 to rapidly move to the left, separate from the live line static contact 2 and the zero line static contact 12, and disconnect the main circuit; secondly, thermal protection, when the main circuit has overload fault, the bimetallic strip 10a is heated and bent to trigger the thermal protection switch 10b to be conducted, so that the electromagnetic coil 5b obtains opening current, and a series of subsequent actions are the same as the magnetic protection; in addition, the invention also has a leakage protection function, when the zero sequence transformer 22 picks up a leakage fault signal, the PCB 23 amplifies the leakage signal, the thyristor conducts (these belong to public knowledge, and are not described here) the opening magnetizing current of the electromagnetic coil 5b, and the subsequent actions are the same as the characteristics of the first two functions (magnetic protection, thermal protection).
The current input end of the electromagnetic coil 5b controls a point-A, and forward current or reverse current is input to the point A, so that the opening of the movable and fixed contacts can be rapidly driven, and the intelligent control of the circuit breaker is very concise; in fact, the whole circuit breaker opening and closing mechanism comprises the magnetic line closed type double-combination electric permanent magnet opening and closing mechanism 5, a live line static contact 2, a live line moving contact mechanism 3, a zero line static contact 12 and a zero line moving contact mechanism 13, wherein a closing permanent magnet 5d and an opening permanent magnet 5e in the magnetic line closed type double-combination electric permanent magnet opening and closing mechanism 5 are identical in structure and same in magnetic polarity; the structure is the same, namely the magnetic force lines of the permanent magnets are in a semi-closed structure, wherein the closing permanent magnet 5d comprises a cylindrical permanent magnet I5 dx and a pot-shaped cylinder I5 dy; the opening permanent magnet 5e includes a cylindrical permanent magnet two 5ex and a pot-shaped cylinder two 5ey, as shown in fig. 5. The cylindrical permanent magnet 5dx or 5ex is fixedly and concentrically arranged at the bottom of a cylindrical barrel 5dy or 5ey with the same shape, the inner diameter of the barrel wall of the cylindrical barrel 5dy or 5ey is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical permanent magnet 5dx or 5ex, gaps around the diameter are filled with insulating materials, the depth of the cylindrical barrel 5dy or 5ey is slightly larger than the height of the permanent magnet 5dx or 5ex, and the height difference is a magnetic gap known in the industry; the same magnetic polarity means that the permanent magnets 5dx or 5ex are all loaded into the pot-shaped barrel 5dy or 5ey with the same polarity, so the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets 5dx or 5ex exposed at the two bungholes are also the same, the bungholes of the two permanent magnets 5d and 5e are arranged on a magnetic attraction surface in a magnetic attraction way, and are separated by a space distance, the electromagnet 5a, the electromagnetic coil 5b, the electromagnet frame 5c, the live wire moving contact mechanism 3 and the zero wire moving contact mechanism 13 are arranged on the electromagnet frame 5c, the components formed by the components can move freely in the space, and the free movement distance is the opening and closing distance of the moving and static contacts of the circuit breaker; the electromagnetic polarity of the electromagnet 5a can be changed by changing the current direction of the electromagnetic coil 5b, because the closing permanent magnet 5d and the opening permanent magnet 5e have the same polarity and are oppositely arranged in a surface-to-surface manner, the electromagnet 5a between the closing permanent magnet 5d and the opening permanent magnet 5e is a common iron body under the condition of no current, or is attracted with the closing permanent magnet 5d or the opening permanent magnet 5e, is in a bistable structure and completely meets the requirement of a switching function, when the electromagnetic coil 5b is electrified with direct current, the electromagnet 5a immediately presents magnetism, and the left N, the right S or the left S, the right N is determined by the current direction on the electromagnetic coil 5 b; the invention mainly changes the current direction of the electromagnetic coil 5b to control the electromagnet 5a to attract with the closing permanent magnet 5d or attract with the opening permanent magnet 5e, and the switching from one stable state to the other stable state is realized, thereby realizing the purpose of controlling the opening and closing of the breaker.
A closing movable contact 20a of the closing contact assembly 20 is mounted on the movable contact mechanism 3, and a closing stationary contact 20b of the closing contact assembly 20 is mounted on the housing 21. The purpose of this arrangement is to protect the solenoid coil 5b from being energized for too long a time to avoid burning out the solenoid coil, so that the live contact mechanism 3 and neutral contact mechanism 13 will quickly open the closing contact assembly 20 when moving to the right.
In conclusion, due to the structural arrangement, the non-closed surfaces of the closing permanent magnet 5d and the opening permanent magnet 5e with the two magnetic lines of force being semi-closed are opposite in surface to surface, and are further separated by a distance, so that the mutual influence of the magnetic fields of the two permanent magnets is avoided, and the magnetic field interference on the adjacent circuit breakers is also avoided.
Because the closing/opening action of the invention adopts the technical scheme of double-combination electromagnetic permanent magnet, the circuit logic is described as follows: the electromagnet 5a and the electromagnetic coil 5b are key components of the technical scheme, the magnetic polarity of the electromagnet 5a can be changed instantly by changing the current direction of the electromagnetic coil 5b, one end of the electromagnetic coil 5b is always connected with a zero line static contact 12 of the input end, and the current direction is determined by a rectifier diode D1 or D2. And the point A between the point D1 and the point D2 is used as a control point for intelligently controlling the opening and closing of the circuit breaker, and forward current or reverse current is injected into the point A in a wired or wireless network mode, so that the purpose of controlling the opening and closing of the circuit breaker is achieved.
The working principle of the non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker provided by the invention is as follows:
(1) Switching-on process
When the main circuit needs to be connected, as the whole circuit breaker is in a turn-off state and only the live line static contact 2 and the zero line static contact 12 can get electricity, one end of the electromagnetic coil 5b is always connected with the zero line static contact 12, but a current-limiting resistor I R1 needs to be connected in series; the live wire also needs to be connected from the live wire static contact 2; if a user wants to switch on the switch, the user manually presses a switch-on button 18, at this time, current enters the live wire and is input into the zero line static contact 2 and the switch-on contact combination 20, the current is rectified into a forward direction through a rectifier diode D1, flows through the electromagnetic coil 5b, passes through a current-limiting resistor R1, and finally returns to the zero line static contact 12. When the forward current flows through the electromagnetic coil 5b, the electromagnet 5a is magnetized, the polarity generated by the charged magnet is the same as the polarity of the permanent magnet on the joint surface of the opening permanent magnet 5e, for convenience of description, it is assumed that the electromagnet and the permanent magnet at the moment are both N poles, a repulsive force is generated immediately, the electromagnet 5a is separated from the opening permanent magnet 5e in an bouncing manner, and flies to the closing permanent magnet 5d at the far right side; because the side of the electromagnet 5a which is just flicked is the N pole, the other side of the electromagnet flying to the closing permanent magnet 5d is the S pole, and the closing permanent magnet 5d is opposite to the opening permanent magnet 5e in surface, and the same in polarity and also the N pole, the S pole of the closing permanent magnet flying to the closing surface of the electromagnet 5a is attracted in opposite polarity, the attraction force causes the live wire moving contact mechanism 3 and the zero line moving contact mechanism 13 to be in contact with the corresponding live wire static contact 2 and zero line static contact 12, and the main circuit is closed and conducted; as is known from the foregoing, the current in the electromagnetic coil 5b is cut off by the closing contact assembly 20 before the closing permanent magnet 5d is not yet engaged with the electromagnet 5a, otherwise the electromagnetic coil 5b is burnt out.
(2) Opening process
The basic principle is the same as the closing process, except that the whole breaker is in a closing state, and power is obtained from a live wire output lug 7 (the principle is the same as that of a contact switch 20, after the breaker is opened, the electromagnetic coil 5b is immediately de-energized, and the coil cannot be burnt). The brake separating process comprises the following steps: when the opening button 19 is manually pressed, the reverse current flows through the electromagnetic coil 5b and the first current-limiting resistor R1 through the D2 and finally returns to the zero line static contact 12. When the reverse current flows through the electromagnetic coil 5b, the electromagnet 5a is magnetized, the polarity generated by the charged magnet is the same as the polarity of the permanent magnet on the joint surface of the closing permanent magnet 5D (because the conduction direction of the rectifier tube D2 is opposite to that of the rectifier tube D1, the electromagnet and the permanent magnet on the joint surface are both N poles at this time), a repulsive force is generated immediately, the electromagnet 5a is quickly separated from the closing permanent magnet 5D in an bouncing manner, and flies to the far left opening permanent magnet 5e; the surface of the electromagnet 5a which bounces off is an N pole, the other surface flying to the opening permanent magnet 5e is an S pole, and the closing permanent magnet 5d is opposite to the surface of the opening permanent magnet 5e, has the same polarity and is also an N pole, so that the closing permanent magnet and the opening permanent magnet attract each other with the opposite side S of the flying electromagnet 5a, the attraction force prompts the live wire moving contact mechanism 3 and the zero line moving contact mechanism 13 to be separated and disconnected from the corresponding live wire static contact 2 and zero line static contact 12, and the main circuit is cut off by opening. It should be noted that, since the electromagnetic coil 5b takes electricity from the output terminal lug 7, when the live line moving contact mechanism 3 and the zero line moving contact mechanism 13 are disconnected from the live line static contact 2 and the zero line static contact 12, the current in the electromagnetic coil 5b is rapidly cut off, otherwise, the coil 5b is burnt.
Additionally, a red light emitting tube is arranged on the manual closing button, and when the red light is lightened, the circuit breaker is in a conducting working state; the manual brake-separating button is provided with a green light emitting tube, when the green light is lightened, the breaker is in a turn-off state, and if the two light emitting tubes are extinguished, the external power supply stops supplying power.
As shown in fig. 5, in all protective opening processes, reverse current is input to the electromagnetic coil 5b through the rectifier tube D2, so that the electromagnet 5a is separated from the closing permanent magnet 5D, and then the live wire moving contact mechanism 3 and the zero line moving contact mechanism 13 are driven to be disconnected from the live wire static contact 2 and the zero line static contact 12, but each protection function is matched with a corresponding switch device, and the opening function of the circuit breaker can be realized as long as D2 is powered regardless of the configuration. Firstly, the magnetic protection device 9 is in a short-circuit protection function of a main circuit, and is communicated with a magnetic protection switch 9b under the action of short-circuit current to supply power to D2; secondly, the main circuit is subjected to heat-carrying protection, and the bimetallic strip 10a bends to touch the thermal protection switch 10b to be switched on so as to supply power to D2; and finally, the leakage protection function is realized, when the zero sequence transformer picks up a leakage fault signal, the PCB amplifies the leakage signal, the silicon controlled rectifier conducts the opening magnetizing current of the electromagnetic coil, and the circuit controller is controlled to open, so that the leakage protection is realized.
In conclusion, the non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker provided by the invention adopts a closing and opening scheme which is not a traditional mechanical transmission technology, but a permanent magnet and electromagnet combined tripping scheme for closing magnetic lines, and uses the permanent magnet force to replace mechanical force for closing, opening and tripping, so that the opening response speed can be greatly improved, the tripping sensitivity and the shock resistance are higher than those of the traditional mechanical tripping scheme, in addition, the service life of a mechanical tripper is only ten thousand times, and the service life of the double combined scheme can reach million levels; in addition, the related structure of the invention does not need a motor driving mechanism, is very beneficial to the development of the circuit breaker towards the intelligent direction, does not need an additional motor driving mechanism and an additional mechanical tripping mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the circuit breaker, and can realize the remote control of the circuit breaker only by adopting the electrifying control of the point A.
In addition, the traditional leakage electromagnetic coil, a mechanical switching-closing mechanism and a tripping mechanism are removed from the circuit breaker provided by the invention, so that the volume is greatly reduced; because the mechanical tripping mechanism is removed, the thermal tripping force is changed into contact force, and an auxiliary heating element can be omitted in the small-current circuit breaker, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced; the service life of the circuit breaker is much longer than that of the traditional mechanical circuit breaker; because the mechanical tripping mechanism is removed, the shock resistance is greatly improved, and the product can be better applied to delivery vehicles and machine equipment.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained herein using specific embodiments, which are merely used to help understand the method and its core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a non-mechanical divide-shut brake electronic type residual current circuit breaker which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a shell (21), and a live wire input connecting terminal (1), a live wire static contact (2), a live wire moving contact mechanism (3), a magnetic line closed type double-combination electric permanent magnet switching-on and switching-off mechanism (5), a live wire connecting flexible wire (6), a live wire output end connecting piece (7), a live wire output connecting terminal (8), a magnetic protection device (9), a thermal protection assembly (10), a zero line input connecting terminal (11), a zero line static contact (12), a zero line moving contact mechanism (13), a zero line connecting flexible wire (15), a zero line output connecting piece (16) and a zero line output terminal (17) which are arranged in the shell (21);
the live wire input connecting terminal (1) is connected with the live wire fixed contact (2), the live wire moving contact mechanism (3) comprises a live wire moving contact (3 a), a moving contact support (3 b) and a live wire moving contact spring (3 c), the live wire moving contact (3 a) is arranged close to the live wire fixed contact (2) in a matching mode, the live wire moving contact (3 a) is connected with the live wire moving contact spring (3 c), and the live wire moving contact spring (3 c) is arranged on the moving contact support (3 b); the live wire moving contact (3 a) is respectively connected with the magnetic protection device (9) and the thermal protection assembly (10) through a live wire connecting flexible wire (6); the magnetic protection device (9) and the thermal protection assembly (10) are respectively connected with the live wire output end connecting piece (7), and the live wire output end connecting piece (7) is connected with the live wire output connecting terminal (8);
the zero line input connecting terminal (11) is connected with the zero line static contact (12), the zero line moving contact mechanism (13) comprises a zero line moving contact (13 a), a zero line moving contact spring (13 b) and a moving contact support (3 b), the zero line moving contact (13 a) is arranged close to the zero line static contact (12) in a matching mode, the zero line moving contact (13 a) is connected with the zero line moving contact spring (13 b), and the zero line moving contact spring (13 b) is arranged on the moving contact support (3 b); the zero line moving contact (13 a) is respectively connected with the magnetic protection device (9) and the thermal protection assembly (10) through a zero line connecting flexible wire (15); the magnetic protection device (9) and the thermal protection assembly (10) are respectively connected with the zero line output lug plate (16), and the zero line output lug plate (16) is connected with a zero line output terminal (17);
the magnetic line of force closed type double-combination electro-permanent-magnet switching and closing mechanism (5) comprises an electromagnet (5 a), a switching-on permanent magnet (5 d) and a switching-off permanent magnet (5 e), wherein the switching-on permanent magnet (5 d) and the switching-off permanent magnet (5 e) are respectively and fixedly installed on the shell (21), the electromagnet (5 a) is slidably arranged between the switching-on permanent magnet (5 d) and the switching-off permanent magnet (5 e), the electromagnet (5 a) and the switching-on permanent magnet (5 d) are coaxially and collinearly arranged from left to right, and the magnetic polarity of the switching-off permanent magnet (5 e) facing to the open suction surface of the electromagnet (5 a) and the magnetic polarity of the switching-on permanent magnet (5 d) facing to the open suction surface of the electromagnet (5 a) are set to be the same polarity; the electromagnet (5 a) is composed of an iron core and an electromagnetic coil (5 b) wound outside the iron core, an electromagnet frame (5 c) is arranged outside the electromagnet (5 a), and the moving contact support (3 b) is connected to the electromagnet frame (5 c) through a pin shaft; one end of the moving contact support (3 b) close to the live wire moving contact (3 a) is also provided with a closing moving contact (20 a), one side of the closing permanent magnet (5 d) close to the live wire moving contact (3 a) is provided with a closing static contact (20 b), the closing static contact (20 b) is fixed on the shell (21) and is arranged opposite to the closing moving contact (20 b) to form a closing contact assembly (20), the closing moving contact (20 a) is attached to the closing static contact (20 b) in an opening state, and the closing moving contact (20 a) is separated from the closing static contact (20 b) in an opening state;
forward current or reverse current is input to the electromagnetic coil (5 b), the electromagnet (5 a) moves towards the closing permanent magnet (5 d) or the opening permanent magnet (5 e) to drive the live wire moving contact mechanism (3) and the zero line moving contact mechanism (13) to act, and the closing or opening action of the circuit breaker is realized;
still be provided with zero sequence transformer (22) and PCB circuit board (23) in casing (21), live wire connection patchcord (6), zero line connection patchcord (15) wear to establish respectively zero sequence transformer (22), PCB circuit board (23) with zero sequence transformer (22) electric connection.
2. The non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker according to claim 1, further comprising a live wire arc chute (4) and a zero wire arc chute (14), wherein the live wire arc chute (4) is connected with the live wire fixed contact (2), and the zero wire arc chute (14) is connected with the zero wire fixed contact (12).
3. Non-mechanical opening/closing electronic residual current circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said magnetic protection means (9) comprise a magnetic protector (9 a) and a magnetic protection switch (9 b); the thermal protection assembly (10) comprises a bimetallic strip (10 a) and a thermal protection switch (10 b).
4. The non-mechanical opening/closing electronic residual current circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein a manual closing button (18) and a manual opening button (19) are mounted on the housing (21); the manual closing button (18) is arranged between the electromagnetic coil (5 b) and the closing stationary contact (20 b), one end of the electromagnetic coil (5 b) is connected with the manual closing button (18) through a closing rectifier tube D1, and the other end of the electromagnetic coil is connected with the zero line stationary contact (12) through a current limiting resistor R1; the manual switching-off button (19) is respectively connected with the magnetic protection switch (9 b) and the thermal protection switch (10 b), one end of the electromagnetic coil (5 b) connected with the switching-on rectifying tube D1 is respectively connected with the magnetic protection switch (9 b) and the thermal protection switch (10 b) through the switching-off rectifying tube D2, a control point A is arranged between the switching-on rectifying tube D1 and the switching-off rectifying tube D2, and one end of the electromagnetic coil (5 b) is connected to the control point A; current in different directions is input to the electromagnetic coil (5 b) by pressing a manual closing button (18) or a manual opening button (19).
5. The non-mechanical opening and closing electronic residual current circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein a leakage test button (24) is further arranged on the housing (21), one end of the leakage test button (24) is sequentially connected with the thermal protection assembly (10) and the magnetic protection device (9), and a magnetic protection switch (9 b) of the magnetic protection device (9) is connected with the PCB circuit board (23); the other end of the electric leakage test button (24) is connected with a current-limiting resistor II R2 through a test wire, and the test wire is connected to the zero line moving contact (13 a) after penetrating through the zero sequence transformer (22).
6. The non-mechanical opening and closing electronic leakage circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the closing permanent magnet (5 d) and the opening permanent magnet (5 e) have the same structure, and each include a cylindrical permanent magnet and a can-shaped cylinder with an opening, the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged in the can-shaped cylinder, is only in attraction contact with the bottom of the can-shaped cylinder, and maintains a certain gap with the periphery of the can-shaped cylinder, and the gap is filled with epoxy resin; the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged in the tank-shaped cylinder, the height of the cylindrical permanent magnet is slightly lower than that of the opening of the tank-shaped cylinder, so that a height difference is formed, and the height difference forms a magnetic gap generated when the closing permanent magnet (5 d), the opening permanent magnet (5 e) and the electromagnet (5 a) are attracted.
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| CN202211031878.2A CN115172116B (en) | 2022-08-26 | 2022-08-26 | Non-mechanical switching-on and switching-off electronic leakage breaker |
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| CN202211031878.2A CN115172116B (en) | 2022-08-26 | 2022-08-26 | Non-mechanical switching-on and switching-off electronic leakage breaker |
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| US20160111869A1 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-04-21 | Hunan Xiangyi Railroad Locomotive Electrical Equipment Co, Ltd. | Leakage current detecting circuit-breaker with a flexible shield cord |
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| CN216902750U (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-07-05 | 上海良信电器股份有限公司 | Residual current circuit breaker |
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| US20160111869A1 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-04-21 | Hunan Xiangyi Railroad Locomotive Electrical Equipment Co, Ltd. | Leakage current detecting circuit-breaker with a flexible shield cord |
| CN113421806A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-09-21 | 天津加美特电气股份有限公司 | DPN electric leakage circuit breaker with combined type electromagnetism tripping device |
| CN215266154U (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-12-21 | 天津加美特电气股份有限公司 | DPN electric leakage circuit breaker with combined type electromagnetism tripping device |
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