CN2251780Y

CN2251780Y - Half-hard magnet electromagnet and control circuit thereof

Info

Publication number: CN2251780Y
Application number: CN 95237062
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡相庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1995-06-27
Filing date: 1995-06-27
Publication date: 1997-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 2005-06-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to a half-hard magnet electromagnet and a control circuit thereof, which comprises a movable iron core and a static iron core which are made of non-lamination integral half-hard materials, an excitation attracting coil, a demagnetization release coil and control circuit parts. The electromagnet has the advantages of material saving, electricity saving, low cost, long service life and no AC noise. Automatic release can be carried out when the power is switched off. The utility model can be used as a tractive electromagnet, a braking electromagnet, a valve electromagnet, etc. The utility model can also be used as electromagnetic executive operating mechanism member of various low-voltage electrical apparatus alternating current contactors, low voltage circuit breakers, etc.

Description

Semihard magnet electromagnet and control circuit thereof

Low-voltage electrical apparatus, a kind of electromagnet, semihard magnet electromagnet and control circuit thereof.

Existing electromagnet can be divided into two big classes with regard to its core construction.The first kind: the soft magnetic material (silicon steel sheet, electrical pure iron etc.) that all adopts unshakable in one's determination.Present most alternating electromagnet, DC electromagnet all belong to this type of: second class: except that soft magnetic material, also have the part permanent magnet in the core construction.Magnetic freeze mode electromagnet (patent No. ZL90226712.4), mixed type electromagnet (patent No. ZL92236754.x) etc. all belong to this type of.

About the first kind, because the soft magnetic material that all adopts unshakable in one's determination, electromagnet keeps attracting state, and its magnetizing coil just must consumed power.If alternating electromagnet, for reducing eddy current loss, iron core needs to adopt the lamination of lamination insulation, and short-circuited conducting sleeve need be arranged.This not only makes the manufacturing process complexity, and is the principal element that influences useful life.About second class, owing in the core construction part permanent magnet is arranged, structure is complicated, and cost is higher.

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of electromagnet and control circuit thereof of making low, the in service saves energy of adult, long service life.

The semihard magnet electromagnet and the control circuit thereof of the utility model design, include moving [2] unshakable in one's determination, fixed core [6], coil [5] and control circuit device [7] etc., it is characterized in that magnetic circuit by moving [2] unshakable in one's determination and fixed core [6] formation, make by non-laminated integral type half-hard magnetic material, coil [5] around unshakable in one's determination includes excitatory pull-in winding [13] and degaussing release coil [14], control circuit device [7] includes attraction circuit and discharges circuit, the travel switch [8] that is in series with moving iron core actuating between the control power supply of attraction circuit and excitatory pull-in winding discharge have in the circuit by switching circuit respectively with control the energy storage capacitor [12] that power supply is connected with degaussing release coil [14].

Switching circuit can be an electromagnetic relay, also can be solid-state switching circuits, and the contact that the former is an energy storage capacitor [12] by electromagnetic relay is connected with degaussing release coil [14] with the control power supply respectively.The latter be by rectifier diode V1, triode V2 and thyristor V5 and on every side the solid-state switching circuits that constitutes of element be connected with the degaussing release coil of control power supply respectively.

The half-hard magnetic material that semihard magnet electromagnet adopts is the class magnetic material of coercivity H between soft magnetic material and hard magnetic material, and its Hc is generally between 400A/m～2400A/m.

The both available ac power supply of semihard magnet electromagnet and control circuit thereof also can keep attracting state by remanent magnetism by DC power supply, and during the control circuit outage, electromagnet discharges automatically.

The semihard magnet electromagnet and the control circuit thereof of the utility model design, when moving iron core is in the off-position, travel switch is connected, when control power source voltage during greater than the operating value of this electromagnet, pull-in winding produces excitatory magnetic potential, make [2] unshakable in one's determination overcome counter-force to fixed core [6] adhesive campaign, during certain position before moving unshakable in one's determination [2] move to adhesive, moving iron core [2] operational stroke switch makes its disconnection, moving [2] unshakable in one's determination are under the double action of motional inertia and remanent magnetism, continue motion until adhesive unshakable in one's determination, and rely on the suction of the remanent magnetism generation of semihard magnet to keep attracting state, not power consumption of pull-in winding [13] at this moment.Capacitor [12] in the release circuit is as energy-storage travelling wave tube.When the control circuit energized, capacitor [12] is by switching circuit charging energy storage, and at this moment the switch between capacitor and the release coil [14] disconnects; When control circuit cuts off the power supply, switch connection between capacitor [12] and the release coil [14], capacitor [12] is by this switch and release coil discharge, in release coil [14], produce demagnetization magnetic potential, make the degaussing unshakable in one's determination of semihard magnet, suction unshakable in one's determination is reducing significantly, and electromagnet discharges under the effect of reaction spring.

In the attracting process of semihard magnet electromagnet, the semihard magnet is magnetized, and half-hard magnetic material has the remanence strength more much higher than soft magnetic material, guarantees the reliable adhesive of this electromagnet.

The dispose procedure of semihard magnet electromagnet is exactly the demagnetization process of the semihard magnet that has been magnetized.Because the coercivity H of half-hard magnetic material is littler than hard magnetic material, easily degaussing, (Hc is the coercive force of half-hard magnetic material as long as the current peak Im when energy storage capacitor discharges by release coil is slightly larger than Hc.L/W, the average length of L iron circuit, W is the number of turn of release coil), remanent magnetism unshakable in one's determination is disappeared basically, thereby electromagnet discharges, at this moment both use mechanical external forces with dynamic and static unshakable in one's determination closed, also can not make iron core keep attracting state.

The semihard magnet electromagnet of the utility model design and control circuit thereof and existing AC and DC electromagnet are relatively, iron core weight alleviates 30～50%, coil method saves 15～30%, attracting state economizes on electricity more than 95% down, and it is low to heat up, even under the frequent operation situation, (1200 times/hour), unshakable in one's determination and coil temperature rise all is lower than 30 ℃; Also have no AC noise, manufacturing process unshakable in one's determination is simple, advantages such as long service life.Compare with existing magnetic freeze mode electromagnet, do not have permanent magnet in the magnetic circuit, core construction is simple, and cost is low.

Below in conjunction with description of drawings

Fig. 1 semihard magnet electromagnet structure cutaway view

Fig. 2 semihard magnet electromagnet end view

The control circuit figure of Fig. 3, Fig. 4 semihard magnet electromagnet

Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, semihard magnet electromagnet, include reaction spring [1], moving unshakable in one's determination [2], the pressing plate [3] that is fixed as one with moving iron core are by the action bars [4] of the travel switch of moving actuating unshakable in one's determination, coil [5], fixed core [6], control circuit parts [7], the travel switch [B] of moving [2] actuating unshakable in one's determination, moving [2] unshakable in one's determination and fixed core [6] are made by non-laminated integral type half-hard magnetic material.As whole 9CrSi steel.(coercive force Mc is about 2000A/m)

Fig. 3 is a kind of control circuit figure of semihard magnet electromagnet.[9] are single-phase rectification bridge among the figure, and [10] are resistor R 1, and [11] are electromagnetic relay J, and [12] are capacitor C1, and [13] are excitatory adhesive line chart, and [14] are the degaussing release coil.Travel switch among Fig. 2 [8] is the K1 among the figure.K1 and pull-in winding [13] constitute attraction circuit, and resistor R 1, relay J, capacitor C1 and degaussing release coil [14] constitute the release circuit.

After Fig. 3 circuit was connected, supply voltage Us produced direct current by travel switch K1 in pull-in winding [13] after rectifier bridge [9] rectification, produced the magnetic field as arrow D direction in iron core.Moving [2] unshakable in one's determination overcome reaction spring [1] under the effect in this magnetic field resistance moves to fixed core [6].When moving to the appropriate location, pressing plate [3] is depressed action bars [4] in moving [2] unshakable in one's determination, makes travel switch K1 disconnect the electric current vanishing in the pull-in winding [13].Because half-hard magnetic material has higher remanence strength, therefore moving [2] unshakable in one's determination continue motion under the double action of magnetic force and motional inertia, until with fixed core [6] adhesive, and rely on remanent magnetism maintenance attracting state.

In above-mentioned adhesive unshakable in one's determination, the relay J adhesive, the direct voltage after the rectification charges to capacitor C1 by the normally open contact e-d of resistor R 1 and J.After the adhesive unshakable in one's determination, the voltage of capacitor C1 also rises to certain value, for the release of electromagnet is got ready.

When Fig. 3 down circuitry, relay J discharges.Capacitor C1 produces and the opposite magnetic field of arrow D direction in iron core by the normally closed interlock d-f and release coil [14] discharge of relay J.Because the coercivity H of half-hard magnetic material is less, so the magnetic flux density in the iron core reduces significantly, and suction unshakable in one's determination also reduces thereupon, and electromagnet discharges.

The also available solid-state switch that is made of electronic component of electromagnetic relay in the accompanying drawing 3 [11] replaces, as accompanying drawing 4.

After the circuit among Fig. 4 is connected AC power, the supply voltage rectification after resistor R 1 and rectifier diode V1 charge to capacitor C1.Because of triode V2 saturation conduction, its collector voltage is less than 0.1V, and thyristor V5 is in off state because of gate pole triggerless voltage.When Fig. 4 down circuitry, V2 ends, and the voltage of capacitor C1 triggers V5 through resistor R 4 and diode V4, makes the V5 conducting, and capacitor C1 is through release coil [14] and V5 discharge.Electronic component V1, V2, V5 etc. have constituted the solid-state switch with the switching synchronization action of supply voltage, and the charging of control capacitor C1 and discharge guarantee the reliable release of semihard magnet electromagnet.

In the accompanying drawing 4, resistor R 2 and R3 are the base stage deviator resistance of triode V2, and R4 is the collector resistance of V2, and V3 is the voltage stabilizing didoe of protection triode V2, and diode V4, resistor R 5 and capacitor C2 constitute the anti-jamming circuit of thyristor V5.

If semihard magnet electromagnet and control circuit thereof can be left out single-phase rectification bridge [9] by DC power supply, the coil voltage of the electromagnetic relay among Fig. 3 [11] also should be selected corresponding direct voltage for use.

The semihard magnet electromagnet of the utility model design is as the Electromagnetically-operating system of CJ20-160A A.C. contactor, and iron core weight alleviates 38%, and enamel covered wire reduces 18%, control circuit economize on electricity 97%, (circuit shown in Figure 3) or 99.7% (circuit shown in Figure 4).

The semihard magnet electromagnet and the control circuit thereof of the utility model design can be used as electric equipment products such as tractive electromagnet, braking electromagnet, valve control electromagnet, also can be used as parts and be used for A.C. contactor, D.C. contactor, low-voltage circuit breaker etc., all can economize the material economize on electricity, reduce cost, increase the service life.

Claims

1, semihard magnet electromagnet and control circuit thereof, include moving [2] unshakable in one's determination, fixed core [6], coil [5] and control circuit device [7] etc., it is characterized in that magnetic circuit by moving [2] unshakable in one's determination and fixed core [6] formation, make by non-laminated integral type half-hard magnetic material, coil [5] around unshakable in one's determination includes excitatory pull-in winding [13] and degaussing release coil [14], control circuit device [7] includes attraction circuit and discharges circuit, be in series with the travel switch [8] of moving actuating unshakable in one's determination between the control power supply of attraction circuit and excitatory pull-in winding, discharging circuit has the energy storage capacitor [12] that is connected with degaussing release coil [14] with the control power supply respectively by switching circuit.

2, it is characterized in that according to claim 1 described semihard magnet electromagnet and control circuit thereof the switching circuit in the release circuit of its control circuit device [7] is electromagnetic relay or solid-state switching circuits.