CN85200428U

CN85200428U - Saving energy electromagnet

Info

Publication number: CN85200428U
Application number: CN 85200428
Authority: CN
Inventors: 万昭志
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1985-04-01
Filing date: 1985-04-01
Publication date: 1985-12-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to a saving energy electromagnet which is used for a braking electromagnet, a traction electromagnet, a valve control electromagnet and the electromagnetic devices such as contactors, magnetic starters, breakers, electromagnetic valves, electromagnetic clutches, etc. The saving energy electromagnet is characterized in that a set of self-locking device and a free release are utilized in an electromagnetic mechanism. Coils are electrified instantly, and armatures are attracted and automatically locked. The coils are electrified instantly once more, the free release acts, and the armatures are released. The coils need not electrifying during the normal work, or an annular permanent magnet is coated outside an iron core and the armatures, the coils are respectively added with a pulse voltage, and the polarities of the pulse voltages are opposite, so the armatures are attracted or released. During the normal work, the attraction state is maintained by a permanent magnetic field, and the coils do not consume energy.

Description

Saving energy electromagnet

The contactor that has at present adopts the economy resistance method, that is: coil seals in an economic resistance after the adhesive, reduces coil current, with saves energy.(see: Zhang Guansheng compiles, " low-voltage electrical apparatus ", 168 pages) but energy-saving effect is bad, simultaneously may be because voltage fluctuation cause misoperation, time pulse relay then adopts the permanent magnetism method, adds a permanent magnet on yoke that is:, armature one end links to each other with permanent magnet, coil adds an opposite polarity pulse voltage, and the armature free end is attracted to yoke the two poles of the earth respectively, keeps its attracting state by permanent magnetic field afterwards.Because it only focuses on that sensitivity improves, actuator is weakened greatly, and switching capacity is very little.(see: Shanghai radio eight factories, Harbin Institute of Technology compiles, " relay and application thereof ", 101 pages).The electromagnetic switch that can not be used for high-power and special construction.

The utility model purpose is to make such as large power, electrically magnetic devices such as braking, traction, valve control electromagnet and AC and DC contactor, magnetic starter, circuit breaker, electromagnetically operated valve, electromagnetic clutchs only to need the moment excitation to make armature adhesive or release, the normal work period coil need not energising, thus saves energy.

Its operation principle as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.As seen from Figure 1, after coil 3 energising, armature 2 and iron core 4 all are subjected to the electromagnetic force effect, overcome the resistance of armature spring 1 and iron core spring 5 respectively and move toward one another.Fig. 2 represents that armature is in release condition, behind the coil electricity, guide rail 8(links to each other with armature) move downward with armature, iron core moves upward, promote connecting rod 11, (connecting rod one end links to each other with iron core) runner 10 rotates with ratchet 14, the moving tooth of ratchet begins to make locking bolt 7 left, but very fast-dialing tooth just disengages with locking bolt.During to the armature adhesive, the hole in the guide rail is over against locking bolt, and locking bolt is pushed in the hole by spring 6, and armature is stuck, and behind the coil blackout, iron core moves downward, and runner goes back to the origin-location.And ratchet is withstood motionless by spring leaf 9.After coil is switched on once more, iron core moves upward (armature has been stuck inactive), promotes runner, ratchet, along with rotation, next moving tooth on the ratchet contacts with locking bolt and with its group left, locking bolt is transferred to (at this moment locking bolt still contacts with moving tooth) from the hole.Outage back armature and iron core are all by springs return, and armature discharges, and recovers above-mentioned initial state.Obviously its only needs coil moment energising make armature adhesive and release, and the attracting state of armature blocks it by locking bolt and keeps.That is to say that in its normal work period, coil need not energising.Guide rail 8, locking bolt 7 are collectively referred to as self-locking device with spring 6.Spring leaf 9, runner 10, connecting rod 11, ratchet 14 are collectively referred to as the trip free device.

The trip free device of Fig. 3 is made up of coil 15 and iron core 16.Fig. 3 represents that locking bolt locks armature.Release coil 15 moments energising, locking bolt is attracted to a left side, and armature discharges.The locking bolt here is taken as the armature that discharges magnetic circuit.

In addition, can also utilize Fig. 4 structure.Annular permanent magnnet 20 is enclosed within armature 18 and iron core 21 outsides.The permanent magnet magnetic force line passes yoke 22, iron core 21, armature 18, and armature is produced a suction-combining force F ₁, but F ₁Less than spring 17 reaction force F ₂, armature is motionless.Coil 19 feeds certain direction direct current, and its magnetic line of force direction is identical with permanent magnetism line of force direction, and the suction-combining force of armature increases to F ₃, if F ₃Greater than F ₂, armature is by adhesive.The suction-combining force maximum that magnetic field is produced when arriving the attracted position, though coil blackout at this moment, against the suction-combining force F of permanent magnetism ₂', still can be greater than spring reaction power F ₂', armature is keeping attracting state.If after this coil feeds reverse direct current, electromagnetic force and permanent magnetism power are cancelled out each other, and armature is drawn back by spring.In other words, remove to making armature adhesive and release, coil need feed respectively outside the opposite polarity pulse current, and all the other times are consumed energy not all.

The flange 23 of Fig. 5 is separated armature 18 and annular permanent magnnet 20.It is mainly the special requirement design that adapts to electromagnetically operated valve.At this moment armature is placed in the pipeline.

The utility model can be made energy-conservation braking, traction, valve control electromagnet.Simultaneously can utilize the utility model electromagnetic mechanism to combine, realize the switching of main circuit, make energy-conservation AC/DC contactor with dynamic/static contact (comprising arc-control device); On this basis, combine with thermal relay, may command motor break-make is made energy-conservation magnetic starter; Increase by one group and cut off coil in the magnetic circuit of Fig. 1, electric current surge in the coil is cut off in the main circuit short circuit, and armature is discharged, and cuts off circuit, become energy-conservation circuit breaker, but its both remote operation does not have hold-in winding again; Armature one end adds elastomeric material, utilizes the adhesive and the release of armature, to cut off or to open gas, liquid or vacuum pipe, makes the energy-saving electromagnetic valve; The form of available Fig. 5 also, armature is separated by a sealing flange and permanent magnet, solenoid, forms the energy-saving electromagnetic valve of another kind of pattern; Also can utilize the armature adhesive and the release of this device in addition, the energy-saving electromagnetic clutch is made in the rotation of Control Shaft.

Such device is holding armature and iron core adhesive at present, and coil needs energising always, tens of watts of power consumptions, even hundreds of watts.The utility model then only needs moment (millisecond magnitude) excitation, and the duration of work coil need not energising, becomes the device of power consumption hardly, and energy-saving effect is remarkable.Because conduction time is short, coil does not generate heat, and has improved device complete machine performance.Therefore, it is compared with present like product, has tangible advantage.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1: the magnetic circuit figure of band self-locking device and trip free device.The stroke of armature and iron core can reach with the spring reaction power of regulating them respectively.Because both's motion so total air gap should be bigger slightly than existing, has enough strokes to guarantee armature.The form of magnetic circuit and armature motion pattern can be considered by existing structure.

Fig. 2: trip free device schematic diagram.Locking bolt and guide rail should be no magnetic material, smooth, and large-scale device is adorned ball in the hole, and boring ratio locking bolt footpath is bigger, to reduce the locking bolt resistance of motion.Ratchet and runner diameter when moving tooth distance should design to such an extent that locking bolt has enough strokes.The moving tooth number be the ratchet number of teeth half.The relative position of ratchet and locking bolt should be installed by such principle: when armature was in release condition, locking bolt should be transferred to outside the hole of guide rail, and moving tooth still keeps in touch with locking bolt, and the locking bolt of avoiding having been transferred to is strayed in the hole again; Armature adhesive, locking bolt are very fast to be disengaged with moving tooth, and up to the adhesive ultimate position, can not meet with next moving tooth.

Fig. 3, the magnetic circuit figure of band self-locking device and release coil.The size of release coil and secondary iron core depends primarily on the required power of sucking-off locking bolt, and this power also has the frictional resistance of locking bolt except that spring 6 reaction forces.General release coil is littler than main coil and main iron core with secondary iron core.

Fig. 4: the magnetic circuit figure of band shape permanent magnet.Permanent magnet is an annular magnet.Use the SmCo magnetic material, volume can be done lessly, but cost is higher; With plumbous nickel cobalt material, volume is bigger, and cost is low.This can select according to different requirement of product.Magnetic circuit type can be selected according to existing structure.

Fig. 5: the magnetic circuit figure that armature and annular permanent magnnet are separated by ring flange.Ring flange and pipeline enclosure need to make its sealing with seal washer.

Claims

1, a kind of energy-saving electromagnetic mechanism comprises: coil, iron core, armature.This energy-conservation electromagnet feature is: increase by a cover self-locking device and a trip free device.

2, electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: self-locking device is made up of spring (6), locking bolt (7) and guide rail (8).

3, according to claim 1 and the described electromagnet of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the trip free device is made up of spring leaf (9), runner (10), connecting rod (11), ratchet (14).Iron core (4) is movable.

4, according to claim 1 and the described electromagnet of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the trip free device is made up of release coil (15) and secondary iron core (16).

5, electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: its self-locking device is made of iron core (21) overcoat one annular permanent magnnet (20).

6, electromagnet according to claim 5 is characterized in that: armature (18) is separated with the sealed ring flange of annular permanent magnnet (20) (23).