CN115161130A - 一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115161130A CN115161130A CN202210830108.8A CN202210830108A CN115161130A CN 115161130 A CN115161130 A CN 115161130A CN 202210830108 A CN202210830108 A CN 202210830108A CN 115161130 A CN115161130 A CN 115161130A
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- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
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- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
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- WDQFELCEOPFLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound OCCN1CCCC1=O WDQFELCEOPFLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
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- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂，包括以质量份数计的以下各组分：无机盐和络合剂，二者占清洗剂总量的95‑98份；增溶剂、催化剂，二者占清洗剂总量的2‑3份；去泡剂及酸性调节剂，二者占清洗剂总量的1‑2份。成品不含有机溶剂、不含磷，与水溶解性好，无泡沫，去油后，自然风干即可，速干且不留痕，pH7‑8，1.1‑1.2，去油率80‑99％，去油液体的CODCr的含量100‑250mg/L，去除机加工中、塑料制品及厨房中的油污都效果显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化工生产领域，涉及清洗剂制备技术，尤其是一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂制备方法及应用。
背景技术
进入21世纪，环境污染问题越来越受到人们的关注，每年规模不断扩大的印刷行业、机加工行业、电镀行业，要消耗大量的清洗去油洗涤剂。
传统的去油洗涤剂主要成分为各种矿物油、表面活性剂和有机溶剂，如汽油、煤油、酮、醚和芳烃类溶剂等。这些成分都有不同程度的毒性，特别是芳烃类有机溶剂，其强致癌性已引起越来越多的重视。据统计，每年由各种去油清洗剂的全球有机挥发物(VOC)的污染排放总量达几十万吨，给环境造成严重的污染。
众所周知，油与水相互不溶，所以目前所用的去油剂基本上都是用有机溶剂去清洗，为了消除芳香烃类溶剂的使用，研究采用以脂肪类溶剂为主、酯、醚、醇类溶剂为辅的混合型清洗剂，大大提高了清洗剂的安全性，但气味大，其主要成分还是有机溶剂，仍然解决不了环境污染的大问题，所以研制一种既环保又安全的非有机溶剂型的水性去油剂非常必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处，提供一种高效环保的水性脱油清洗剂，无毒性，与水完全互溶，近中性pH9-10，无腐蚀性，安全环保去油率高。
本发明解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：
一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂，包括以质量份数计的以下各组分：水溶性无机盐和络合剂，二者占清洗剂总量的95-98份；增溶剂、催化剂，二者占清洗剂总量的2-3份；去泡剂及酸性调节剂，二者占清洗剂总量的1-2份，
其中水溶性无机盐包括硫酸盐、碳酸盐、硅酸盐；络合剂包括氨基络合剂，具体包括乙二胺四乙酸二钠、EDTA四钠、氨三乙酸钠硅酸钠、草酸钠；增溶剂包括非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂；催化剂包括D-苧烯，丙二酸丁醚，N-甲基吡咯烷酮，N-羟乙基吡咯烷酮；去泡剂包括硅油类，具体包括聚醚硅油、二甲基硅油、聚醚改性有机硅油；酸性调节剂包括氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠。
所述的增溶剂为非离子表面活性剂和阴离子表面活性剂的混合物，即曲拉通X-100、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、仲烷基磺酸钠、琥珀酸二酯磺酸钠两种或两种以上混合。
一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂的制备方法，具体方法包括：取200-250份水边搅拌边依次加入上述各组分，分别为水溶性无机盐和络合剂，二者占清洗剂总量的95-98份；增溶剂、催化剂，二者占清洗剂总量的2-3份；去泡剂及酸性调节剂，二者占清洗剂总量的1-2份。
本发明的优点和积极效果是：
1、本水性脱油清洗剂除去了常用去油使用的有机溶剂，如醇类、酮类、酯类、芳香烃类，且避免使用再洗涤油类中的磷酸盐，而采用了新型具有与磷酸盐同样效果得渗透润湿作用的水溶性无机盐，如硫酸盐、碳酸盐、硅酸盐为不含磷的清洗剂，无味无毒，安全环保，同时加入了有效络合剂，不但增加去油能力，更重要的是有良好的螯合硬水能力、乳化性、分散性和pH值得缓冲作用，去油高效，无二次污染。
2、本水性脱油清洗剂使用的增溶剂为混合的非离子表面活性剂和阴离子表面活性剂，大大增加了对油污的溶解和去除能力，加入了去泡剂，使清洗去油过程中无气泡产生，使清洗后不留任何痕迹，除油表面光亮、干净。
3、本水性脱油清洗剂加入酸碱调节剂，使去油剂中的pH保持中性，对被清洗物体无任何腐蚀，同时对操作人员无损伤，更安全环保，催化剂的催化能力强，溶于水，使去油速度增加100-200倍，对新染油污1分钟即可去除，对长时间积累的油污能在5-10分钟去除。
4、本发明方法制备的一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂，不含有机溶剂、不含磷，与水溶解性好，无泡沫，去油后，自然风干即可，速干且不留痕，pH7-8，1.1-1.2，去油率80-99％，去油液体的CODCr的含量100-250mg/L，去除机加工中、塑料制品及厨房中的油污都效果显著。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述，以下实施例只是描述性的，不是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂的制备方法，具体方法包括：在200升水中，边搅拌边依次加入硅酸钠1-2公斤，络合剂氨三乙酸1-2.3公斤，曲拉通X-100 1-2.5公斤，脱泡剂1-1.5公斤，酸度调节剂氢氧化钠50-100克，催化剂丙二酸丁醚0.5-1公斤，物料搅拌均匀得到成品。
实施例2
一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂的制备方法，具体方法包括：在250升水中，边搅拌边依次加入硅酸钠1-2.5公斤，络合剂EDTA二钠1.5-2公斤，增溶剂十二烷基硫酸钠1.2-2.5公斤，消泡剂0.5公斤，酸度调节剂氢氧化钾50-150克，催化剂D-苧烯50克-1公斤，物料搅拌均匀得到成品。
实施例3
一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂的制备方法，具体方法包括：在250升水中，边搅拌边依次加入硅酸钠1-2.5公斤，络合剂EDTA四钠1-2.5公斤，增溶剂FMES 50克-2公斤，催化剂N-甲基吡咯烷酮50克-1公斤，消泡剂0.5公斤，酸度调节剂氢氧化钾50-150克，催化剂D-苧烯50克-1公斤，物料搅拌均匀得到成品。
将本发明方法制备的一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂应用于车床模具油污清洗及厨房油污清洗，具体应用效果见下表：
表1本发明方法成品属性
| 外观 | 性质 | pH | 比重 | 溶解情况 |
| 无色-浅黄色液体 | 无味、无毒 | 7-8 | 1.1-1.2 | 可与任何溶剂混溶 |
表2本发发明方法成品去油效果(模具制药业去油)
| 使用情况 | 去油率％ | 去油液体的COD<sub>Cr</sub>的含量(mg/L) |
| 一擦式去油 | 80 | 250 |
| 一分钟去油 | 98 | 200 |
| 二分钟去油 | 99 | 100 |
表3本发发明方法成品去油效果(车床去油)
表4本发发明方法成品去油效果(油烟机去油)
尽管为说明目的公开了本发明的实施例，但是本领域的技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明及所附权利要求的精神和范围内，各种替换、变化和修改都是可能的，因此，本发明的范围不局限于实施例所公开的内容。
Claims (8)
1.一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂，其特征在于：包括以质量份数计的以下各组分：无机盐和络合剂，二者占清洗剂总量的95-98份；增溶剂、催化剂，二者占清洗剂总量的2-3份；去泡剂及酸性调节剂，二者占清洗剂总量的1-2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂，其特征在于：所述的水溶性无机盐包括硫酸盐、碳酸盐、硅酸盐。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂，其特征在于：所述的络合剂为氨基络合剂，具体包括乙二胺四乙酸二钠、EDTA四钠、氨三乙酸钠硅酸钠、草酸钠。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂，其特征在于：所述的增溶剂包括非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂，为非离子表面活性和阴离子表面活性的混合物，即曲拉通X-100、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、仲烷基磺酸钠、琥珀酸二酯磺酸钠两种或两种以上混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂，其特征在于：所述的催化剂包括D-苧烯，丙二酸丁醚，N-甲基吡咯烷酮，N-羟乙基吡咯烷酮。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂，其特征在于：所述的去泡剂包括硅油类，具体包括聚醚硅油、二甲基硅油、聚醚改性有机硅油；酸性调节剂包括氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠。
7.一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂的制备方法，其特征在于：具体方法包括：取200-250份水边搅拌边依次加入上述各组分，分别为水溶性无机盐和络合剂，二者占清洗剂总量的95-98份；增溶剂、催化剂，二者占清洗剂总量的2-3份；去泡剂及酸性调节剂，二者占清洗剂总量的1-2份，上述各组分充分搅拌均匀后得到一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的一种高效环保水性脱油清洗剂外观为无色-浅黄色液体，无味、无毒，pH7-8，1.1-1.2，去油率80-99％，去油液体的CODCr的含量100-250mg/L。
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