CN115161082B - Environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of alcohol-based fuels, in particular to an environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps of preparing the fermented ethanol by a specific method, mixing the fermented ethanol with methanol, scientifically compounding the mixed fermented ethanol with white oil, a catalyst, a cosolvent, a degumming agent and other components, obtaining the optimal raw material dosage proportion through a large amount of creative labor, and finally obtaining the alcohol-based fuel which has higher and stable heat value, small fuel corrosivity, small precipitated amount of stored colloid, excellent performances, degradable components as the raw materials, low biological toxicity, environmental protection and regeneration. Compared with the common alcohol-based fuel in the prior art, the alcohol-based fuel has obvious advantages in the aspects of combustion heat value, environmental protection performance and production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alcohol-based fuels, in particular to an environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In traditional industrial production, non-renewable energy fuels such as petroleum and natural gas are mainly used, however, with the development of economic society, the demand for energy is gradually increased, the price of the non-renewable energy fuels such as petroleum and natural gas is also gradually increased, and the industrial production cost is greatly increased. Therefore, from the viewpoint of energy safety and environmental protection, people begin to search for clean energy with better environmental protection performance. The alcohol-based fuel is taken as a representative of novel fuels, is clean in combustion, has rich raw material sources, and is an ideal petroleum energy substitute. The alcohol-based fuel has the advantages that the raw material contains oxygen atoms, the self-oxygen supply effect is realized in the combustion process, the combustion is thorough, the heat conversion efficiency is high, and the combustion products mainly comprise carbon dioxide and water, basically do not contain harmful gas, and are efficient and environment-friendly clean energy.
CN104830380A discloses a high-energy environmental protection biological alcohol oil fuel, which is composed of 50-60% of methanol or ethanol, 6-35% of biological oil, 5-8% of tertiary butanol, 5-10% of dimethoxymethane, 0.02-0.03% of Tween 80, 0.02-0.03% of span 20 and 5-15% of high-energy fuel biphenyl. The main raw materials of the alcohol oil fuel are methanol or ethanol and bio-oil, a certain amount of emulsifier is added, and combustion promoting additives such as a catalyst and the like are lacked, so that the final heat value of the fuel is not effectively improved.
CN111363595A discloses an alcohol-based environment-friendly civil fuel, which comprises, by weight, 70-80 parts of methanol, 12-16 parts of straw granular fuel, 2-5 parts of calcium nitrate modified activated alumina, 3-6 parts of a monoatomic cobalt-based catalyst and 5-6 parts of a combustion improver. The alcohol-based environment-friendly civil fuel is added with a catalyst and a flame retardant, the methanol and straw granular fuel is used as fuel, and the calcium nitrate modified activated alumina is added to play a role in sulfur fixation, so that the effect of reducing the emission of sulfur dioxide is achieved; by adding the monoatomic cobalt-based catalyst, the effects of fully contacting reactants and improving the catalytic efficiency are achieved. However, the modified alumina and the catalyst in the alcohol-based fuel are difficult to obtain, have high cost and are not suitable for civil use. Moreover, the combustion calorific value of the alcohol-based fuel is not superior.
Therefore, although there are many researches on the alcohol-based fuel in the prior art, the formula composition of the alcohol-based fuel still needs to be continuously researched and optimized, the comprehensive properties such as the combustion heat value of the alcohol-based fuel are improved, and the application prospect of the alcohol-based fuel is promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel, which comprises alcohol and additive raw materials, wherein the alcohol raw material comprises fermented ethanol prepared by a specific method, and the fermented ethanol is scientifically compounded with white oil, a catalyst, an antioxidant, a degumming agent and the like to obtain the alcohol-based fuel, which has the advantages of higher and stable calorific value, small fuel corrosivity, small gum precipitation amount, excellent performances, mainly degradable components as raw materials, low biological toxicity, environmental protection and regeneration.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of methanol, 5-10 parts of white oil, 15-25 parts of fermented ethanol, 0.1-1.5 parts of catalyst, 2-5 parts of antioxidant and 8-16 parts of degumming agent; the fermented ethanol is prepared by fermenting bagasse; the catalyst is a mixture of ferrocene and nitrate, the nitrate is one or two of rhodium nitrate or zirconium nitrate, and the degumming agent comprises dimethyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.
Preferably, the weight ratio of ferrocene to the nitrate is 3.
Preferably, the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of methanol, 7% of white oil, 20% of fermentation ethanol, 1% of catalyst, 4% of antioxidant and 8% of degumming agent.
Preferably, the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 57% of methanol, 5% of white oil, 25% of fermentation ethanol, 1% of catalyst, 2% of antioxidant and 10% of degumming agent.
Cellulose is widely present in nature and can be inexhaustible as plants grow. In the prior art, cellulose is used for preparing ethanol, generally, a cellulose raw material is pretreated and then subjected to enzymolysis, and then fermentation is performed, however, the enzymolysis cannot completely destroy the wood structure of the cellulose raw material, so that the purity of the ethanol prepared by the method is not high, and the ethanol cannot obtain a higher calorific value when being used for alcohol-based fuel.
The invention uses the sulfuric acid solution with a certain concentration to process the cellulose raw material, can well destroy the wood structure of the cellulose raw material to obtain the nano-sized cellulose, then carries out fermentation on the nano-sized cellulose to prepare the high-purity ethanol, and is added into an alcohol-based fuel system to obtain higher fuel heat value.
Further, the fermentation ethanol is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse into solid particles with the particle size of less than 1mm, adding a sulfuric acid solution to mix with the solid particles, controlling the temperature to be 50-65 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 2-3h; stopping heating, adding deionized water with the mass of 5-8 times that of the solid particles, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and drying on the mixture after the temperature of the system is reduced to room temperature to obtain a material A; and adding the material A into deionized water with the mass of 10 times, then adding saccharomyces cerevisiae, controlling the pH to be 5-6.5 and the temperature to be 30-35 ℃, and fermenting for 24-36h to obtain the fermented ethanol.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 65%.
Further, the antioxidant is one or two of dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol.
Preferably, the degumming agent is a mixture of dimethyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate in a weight ratio of 1.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides an environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of methanol, 7% of white oil, 20% of fermented ethanol, 1% of catalyst, 4% of antioxidant and 8% of degumming agent; the catalyst is a mixture of ferrocene and nitrate, the nitrate comprises rhodium nitrate and zirconium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1; the antioxidant comprises dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol in a mass ratio of 1; the degumming agent is a mixture of dimethyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate according to the weight ratio of 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprises the steps of preparing the fermented ethanol by a specific method, mixing the fermented ethanol with methanol, scientifically compounding the mixed fermented ethanol with white oil, a catalyst, a cosolvent, a degumming agent and other components, obtaining the optimal raw material dosage proportion through a large amount of creative labor, and finally obtaining the alcohol-based fuel which has higher and stable heat value, small fuel corrosivity, small precipitated amount of stored colloid, excellent performances, degradable components as the raw materials, low biological toxicity, environmental protection and regeneration. Compared with the common alcohol-based fuel in the prior art, the alcohol-based fuel has obvious advantages in the aspects of combustion heat value, environmental protection performance and production cost.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The following specific embodiments further describe the present invention.
Example 1
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of methanol, 5 parts of white oil, 19 parts of fermented ethanol, 0.6 part of ferrocene, 0.2 part of rhodium nitrate, 0.2 part of zirconium nitrate, 2 parts of dilauryl thiodipropionate, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol, 8 parts of dimethyl ether and 8 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate; sequentially adding methanol, fermented ethanol, dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol into a stirring kettle, uniformly stirring, sequentially adding ferrocene, rhodium nitrate, zirconium nitrate, dimethyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, uniformly stirring, and discharging to obtain the product.
Wherein the fermented ethanol is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse into solid particles with the particle size of less than 1mm, adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 65% to mix with the solid particles, controlling the temperature to be 55 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 2 hours; stopping heating, adding deionized water with the mass of 8 times that of the solid particles, cooling the system to room temperature, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and drying on the system to obtain a material A; and adding the material A into deionized water with the mass of 10 times, adding saccharomyces cerevisiae, controlling the pH to be 5-5.2 and the temperature to be 30 ℃, and fermenting for 36 hours to obtain the fermented ethanol.
Example 2
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of methanol, 7 parts of white oil, 20 parts of fermented ethanol, 0.6 part of ferrocene, 0.2 part of rhodium nitrate, 0.2 part of zirconium nitrate, 2 parts of dilauryl thiodipropionate, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol, 4 parts of dimethyl ether and 4 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate; sequentially adding methanol, fermented ethanol, dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol into a stirring kettle, uniformly stirring, sequentially adding ferrocene, rhodium nitrate, zirconium nitrate, dimethyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, uniformly stirring, and discharging to obtain the catalyst.
Wherein the fermented ethanol is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse into solid particles with the particle size of less than 1mm, adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 65% to mix with the solid particles, controlling the temperature to be 55 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 2 hours; stopping heating, adding deionized water with the mass of 8 times that of the solid particles, cooling the system to room temperature, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and drying on the system to obtain a material A; and adding the material A into deionized water with the mass of 10 times, adding saccharomyces cerevisiae, controlling the pH to be 5-5.2 and the temperature to be 30 ℃, and fermenting for 36 hours to obtain the fermented ethanol.
Example 3
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 57 parts of methanol, 5 parts of white oil, 25 parts of fermented ethanol, 0.6 part of ferrocene, 0.2 part of rhodium nitrate, 0.2 part of zirconium nitrate, 1 part of dilauryl thiodipropionate, 1 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol, 5 parts of dimethyl ether and 5 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate; sequentially adding methanol, fermented ethanol, dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol into a stirring kettle, uniformly stirring, sequentially adding ferrocene, rhodium nitrate, zirconium nitrate, dimethyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, uniformly stirring, and discharging to obtain the catalyst.
Wherein the fermented ethanol is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse into solid particles with the particle size of less than 1mm, adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 65% to mix with the solid particles, controlling the temperature to be 55 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 2 hours; stopping heating, adding deionized water with the mass of 8 times that of the solid particles, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and drying on the mixture after the temperature of the system is reduced to room temperature to obtain a material A; and adding the material A into deionized water with the mass of 10 times, adding saccharomyces cerevisiae, controlling the pH to be 5-5.2 and the temperature to be 30 ℃, and fermenting for 36 hours to obtain the fermented ethanol.
Example 4
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of methanol, 5 parts of white oil, 15 parts of fermented ethanol, 0.6 part of ferrocene, 0.2 part of rhodium nitrate, 0.2 part of zirconium nitrate, 2 parts of dilauryl thiodipropionate, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol, 5 parts of dimethyl ether and 5 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate; sequentially adding methanol, fermented ethanol, dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol into a stirring kettle, uniformly stirring, sequentially adding ferrocene, rhodium nitrate, zirconium nitrate, dimethyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, uniformly stirring, and discharging to obtain the product.
Wherein the fermented ethanol is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse into solid particles with the particle size of less than 1mm, adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 65% to mix with the solid particles, controlling the temperature to be 55 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 2 hours; stopping heating, adding deionized water with the mass of 8 times that of the solid particles, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and drying on the mixture after the temperature of the system is reduced to room temperature to obtain a material A; and adding the material A into deionized water with the mass of 10 times, adding saccharomyces cerevisiae, controlling the pH to be 5-5.2 and the temperature to be 30 ℃, and fermenting for 36 hours to obtain the fermented ethanol.
Comparative example 1
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is different from the fuel in example 2 in that the weight part of methanol is 75 parts, and the weight part of fermented ethanol is 5 parts.
Comparative example 2
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is different from the fuel in example 2 in that the weight part of methanol is 45 parts, and the weight part of fermented ethanol is 35 parts.
Comparative example 3
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is different from the fuel in example 2 in that the weight part of methanol is 35 parts, and the weight part of fermented ethanol is 45 parts.
The calorific values of the fuels of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured by the method of GB/T384-1981 Petroleum products calorific value measurement; the corrosion performance of the fuels of each example and comparative example is measured by a measuring method in GB/T5096-2017 Petroleum product copper sheet corrosion test method, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, the environmentally friendly alcohol-based fuel of the present invention has a high calorific value, and the calorific value of currently available gasoline is about 10280 Kcal kg -1 The calorific value of the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is basically at the same level as that of the commercially available gasoline, and the proportion of the methanol and the fermented ethanol in the embodiments 1 to 4 of the application is scientificThe two dosages are changed within the range, the heat value is stable, the obvious reduction can not occur, and the proportion of the fermented ethanol in the alcohol-based fuel is not large, so the fuel cost can not be greatly improved.
Compared with the embodiment 2, the dosage proportion of the fermented ethanol is reduced, the fuel calorific value is reduced, and the combustion calorific value performance of the fuel can be improved by adding the fermented ethanol into a fuel system within a certain range; compared with the example 2, the comparative examples 2 to 3 improve the dosage proportion of the fermented ethanol, but the calorific value of the fuel is obviously reduced, probably because the dosage of the fermented ethanol is too large, the polarity of the composition is obviously increased, so that the alcohol substance and other components cannot be well compatible under the current composition system, and the fuel cannot achieve the ideal combustion effect. It can be seen that the amount of the components in the alcohol-based fuel system can significantly affect the combustion heat value performance of the fuel.
In addition, as can be seen from the corrosion rate test data in table 1, the alcohol-based fuel system of the present invention has little corrosion and changes in the amount of alcohol-based feedstock do not have much impact on the overall corrosion.
Comparative example 4
An environmentally friendly alcohol-based fuel, differing from example 2 in that common food grade ethanol was used instead of fermented ethanol. The food grade ethanol is obtained from the chemical technology ltd of denmingming dawn.
Comparative example 5
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel, which is different from the example 2 in that the fermented ethanol is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse into solid particles with the particle size of less than 1mm, adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 65% to mix with the solid particles, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, and stirring for 4 hours at constant temperature; stopping heating, adding deionized water with the mass of 8 times that of the solid particles, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and drying on the mixture after the temperature of the system is reduced to room temperature to obtain a material A; and adding the material A into deionized water with the mass being 10 times that of the material A, adding saccharomyces cerevisiae, controlling the pH value to be 5-5.2 and the temperature to be 30 ℃, and fermenting for 36 hours to obtain the fermented ethanol.
Comparative example 6
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel, which is different from example 2 in that the fermented ethanol is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse into solid particles with the particle size of less than 1mm, adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 65% to mix with the solid particles, controlling the temperature to be 55 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 2 hours; stopping heating, adding deionized water with the mass of 8 times that of the solid particles, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and drying on the mixture after the temperature of the system is reduced to room temperature to obtain a material A; and adding the material A into deionized water with the mass of 10 times, adding saccharomyces cerevisiae, controlling the pH to be 5-5.2 and the temperature to be 40 ℃, and fermenting for 36 hours to obtain the fermented ethanol.
Comparative example 7
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel, which is different from example 2 in that the fermented ethanol is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse into solid particles with the particle size of less than 1mm, adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 80% to mix with the solid particles, controlling the temperature to be 55 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 2 hours; stopping heating, adding deionized water with the mass of 8 times that of the solid particles, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and drying on the mixture after the temperature of the system is reduced to room temperature to obtain a material A; and adding the material A into deionized water with the mass of 10 times, adding saccharomyces cerevisiae, controlling the pH to be 5-5.2 and the temperature to be 30 ℃, and fermenting for 36 hours to obtain the fermented ethanol.
The calorific value of the fuel of comparative examples 4 to 7 was measured by the method of GB/T384-1981 Petroleum products calorific value measurement, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
According to the invention, the specific method is adopted to prepare the fermented ethanol, firstly, the bagasse is treated by using the sulfuric acid solution with higher concentration to obtain the sugar-containing liquid, the sulfuric acid solution can well destroy the wood structure of the bagasse, the fiber dissociation is more thorough, then the sugar-containing liquid is fermented by using the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the ethanol product with higher purity can be obtained, and the research also discovers that the obtained fermented ethanol can react more fully and thoroughly in the combustion process. And as can be seen from the test results of table 2, the fermented ethanol of the present invention is more suitable as an alcohol-based fuel raw material than the common ethanol, and example 2 using the fermented ethanol has a significantly higher calorific value than comparative example 4 using the common ethanol; comparative example 5 reduces the temperature at which the sulfuric acid and bagasse react, and because the temperature is lower and cannot provide enough energy to break through the reaction barrier, even if the reaction time is prolonged, a higher reaction degree is difficult to achieve, and the calorific value of the finally prepared fuel is closer to that of comparative example 4 which adopts common ethanol; the comparative example 6 improves the fermentation temperature, and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is sensitive to temperature and cannot resist high temperature, so that a large amount of inactivation phenomena can occur under the condition of 40 ℃, the performance of the fermented ethanol prepared by the comparative example 6 is poor, and the heat value performance of the fuel is poor; comparative example 7 increased the mass concentration of sulfuric acid, generally the higher the concentration of sulfuric acid, the faster and more reactive with the fibrous feedstock, but comparative example 7 did not show a significant increase in fuel calorific value as expected, but rather a significant decrease, probably because the too high concentration of sulfuric acid, whose strong oxidizing properties resulted in denaturation of the fibrous feedstock, resulted in a reduction of fermentable sugars in the sugar-containing liquid. The invention prepares the fermented ethanol by a large amount of creative labor and by using a specific method and specific parameters, can obviously improve the heat value performance of the fuel when being used in the alcohol-based fuel, and has wide and easily obtained preparation raw material sources and lower production cost.
Comparative example 8
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is different from the fuel in example 2 in that 1 part by weight of ferrocene and 0 part by weight of rhodium nitrate and zirconium nitrate are used.
Comparative example 9
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is different from the fuel in example 2 in that the weight parts of ferrocene are 0 part, and the weight parts of rhodium nitrate and zirconium nitrate are 0.5 part respectively.
Comparative example 10
The difference of the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel from example 2 is that the weight parts of ferrocene, rhodium nitrate and zirconium nitrate are all 0 part, and the weight part of fermentation ethanol is 21 parts.
The calorific values of the fuels of comparative examples 9 to 11 were measured by the measuring method in GB/T384-1981 Petroleum products calorific value measuring method, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
In actual operation, whether the combustion is complete or not is crucial to whether the fuel can release enough heat. At present, in the field, a reagent such as ferrocene is generally added into fuel to serve as a catalyst, and the catalyst can play a catalytic role in the combustion process of the fuel to promote the complete combustion of the fuel, so that smoke brought by the combustion can be reduced or eliminated. However, in practical application, the catalytic combustion-supporting effect of the ferrocene added alone on the fuel is not significant.
The invention adds rhodium nitrate and zirconium nitrate, because the reduction potential of rhodium ion and zirconium ion is lower, oxygen capture and release are easy to realize in the combustion process, so oxygen content during combustion can be increased, and the rhodium nitrate and zirconium nitrate are used as combustion catalyst together with ferrocene to play a synergistic effect, thereby promoting the full combustion of alcohol-based fuel. It is worth mentioning that because metal ions are easy to adsorb and combine with other metal surfaces, the added rhodium nitrate and zirconium nitrate can be used as catalysts of alcohol-based fuels, and metal layers (such as an internal combustion engine) dropped from other metal surfaces can be supplemented to a certain extent after the fuels are combusted, so that the metal repairing effect is achieved.
As can be seen from the test results in Table 3, the comparative example 10, in which no catalyst was added, failed to sufficiently burn the fuel even if the amount of ethanol used for fermentation was increased, and the calorific value of the final fuel was still low; comparative example 8 using only ferrocene as the catalyst and comparative example 9 using only rhodium nitrate and zirconium nitrate as the catalyst, both comparative examples 8, 9 had a significant improvement in fuel calorific value compared to comparative example 10 with no catalyst added, but still had a large gap from example 2 of the present invention. Therefore, the specific catalyst compound can effectively improve the fuel combustion efficiency, and has obvious advantages compared with other catalysts.
Comparative example 11
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is different from the fuel in example 2 in that the weight part of dilauryl thiodipropionate is 4 parts, and the weight part of 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol is 0 part.
Comparative example 12
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is different from the fuel in example 2 in that the weight part of dilauryl thiodipropionate is 0 part, and the weight part of 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol is 4 parts.
Comparative example 13
An environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is different from the fuel in example 2 in that the parts by weight of dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol are both 0 part, and the part by weight of fermentation ethanol is 24 parts.
The calorific values of the fuels of comparative examples 11 to 13 were measured by the method of GB/T384-1981 Petroleum products calorific value measurement, and the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
If an excess of oxidizing species is present in the alcohol-based fuel system, the alcohol is easily oxidized to aldehyde and acid, and eventually a carbon dioxide vent system is formed, resulting in a decrease in the alcohol content of the alcohol-based fuel and difficulty in achieving a higher heating value, and therefore it is necessary to add a certain amount of antioxidant to the alcohol-based fuel.
As can be seen from the results in Table 4, the alcohol-based fuel without antioxidant is not high in calorific value due to oxidation of part of the alcohol raw material; from the results of comparative examples 11 and 12, it is understood that addition of the antioxidant dilauryl thiodipropionate or 2, 6-di-t-butylphenol can obtain a certain degree of antioxidant effect, but it is possible that, due to differences in the ease of capturing oxygen atoms or bonding with oxygen, the antioxidant properties required by both of dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-t-butylphenol alone cannot be obtained, as compared to an antioxidant formulated in a ratio of 1. The invention uses the mixture of dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol as an antioxidant, and the dilauryl thiodipropionate and the 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol are combined to generate a synergistic effect, so that the antioxidant effect can be greatly improved.
Comparative example 14
The difference between the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel and the example 2 is that the mass part of the dimethyl ether is 8 parts, and the mass part of the propylene glycol methyl ether acetate is 0 part.
Comparative example 15
The difference between the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel and the example 2 is that the mass part of the dimethyl ether is 0 part, and the mass part of the propylene glycol methyl ether acetate is 8 parts.
Comparative example 16
An environmentally friendly alcohol-based fuel, which differs from example 2 in that petroleum ether was used in place of dimethyl ether in equal amounts.
Comparative example 17
An environmentally friendly alcohol-based fuel differs from example 2 in that petroleum ether is used in place of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate in equal amounts.
Comparative example 18
The difference between the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel and the example 2 is that the mass parts of the dimethyl ether and the propylene glycol methyl ether acetate are both 0 part, and the mass part of the fermented ethanol is 28 parts.
The calorific values of the fuels of comparative examples 14 to 18 were measured by the measuring method in GB/T384-1981 Petroleum products calorific value measuring method, and the results are shown in Table 5. Because the fuel system precipitated colloid is difficult to accurately analyze by a quantitative means, a manual visual inspection mode is adopted for scoring. Respectively storing the alcohol-based fuels of example 2 and comparative examples 14-18 with the same weight in a closed transparent container, and storing the containers in the same shade for 90 days in a dark place; and 6 technicians with rich experience and similar ability are selected, each worker observes the precipitation condition of the colloid in the stored alcohol-based fuels of the example 2 and the comparative examples 14-18, and scores are given to the alcohol-based fuels of the example 2 and the comparative examples 14-18 according to 1-5 minutes, the more the colloid is precipitated, the higher the score is, the average score is taken after 6 workers score, and the scoring result is shown in a table 5.
TABLE 5
Calorific value/Kcal. Kg before storage -1 | Calorific value/Kcal & kg after storage -1 | Fraction of gum precipitated | |
Example 2 | 9900 | 9800 | 0.6 |
Comparative example 14 | 7900 | 7500 | 1.4 |
Comparative example 15 | 7400 | 7100 | 1.6 |
Comparative example 16 | 8900 | 8600 | 3.2 |
Comparative example 17 | 9100 | 8700 | 3.3 |
Comparative example 18 | 8500 | 7900 | 3.8 |
During the process of placing and storing the alcohol-based fuel, the phenomenon of gum precipitation is easy to occur, on one hand, the proportion of combustible raw materials is reduced, on the other hand, the generated gum is easy to deposit in fuel using equipment, so that the problems of abnormal heating, power reduction and the like of the equipment are caused, and the actual operation is influenced.
As can be seen from the results in Table 5, the colloid precipitation amount after storage is large in comparative example 18 without adding a colloid remover, and although the amount of the fermented ethanol in the system is relatively large, a high calorific value cannot be achieved, and the reduction range of the calorific value after storage is large; compared examples 14 and 15 respectively adopt dimethyl ether or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate as degumming agents, the precipitation amount of the colloid after storage is reduced, and the reduction degree of the heat value of the fuel is also reduced; comparative examples 16 and 17 using petroleum ether and dimethyl ether or petroleum ether and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate as the gum remover, the gum precipitation amount of comparative examples 16 and 17 was only slightly decreased compared to comparative example 18, probably because the gum removing ability of petroleum ether was weak, but the calorific value of comparative examples 16 and 17 was higher compared to comparative examples 14, 15 and 18 because the calorific value of petroleum ether itself was high. Therefore, the degumming agent is added into the alcohol-based fuel system, so that a good degumming effect can be obtained, the precipitated amount of the colloid is relatively small after the alcohol-based fuel system is stored for a period of time, and the calorific value of the alcohol-based fuel can be prevented from being remarkably reduced due to the reduction of the conversion loss of the fuel raw materials.
The properties of the alcohol-based fuels of examples 1 to 4 were measured by the methods described in GB/T384-1981 method for measuring calorific value of petroleum products, GB/T510-2018 method for measuring congealing point of petroleum products, GB/T511-2010 method for measuring mechanical impurities in petroleum products and additives, GB/T611-2021 general method for measuring density of chemical reagents, GB/T5332-2007 test method for ignition temperature of combustible liquid and gas, GB/T698-2014 method for measuring cloud point of petroleum products, and GB/T9722-2006 general rule for gas chromatography of chemical reagents, and the results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6
Item | Index (es) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 |
Density (20) ℃),g/cm3 | ≤0.83 | 0.782 | 0.782 | 0.783 | 0.781 |
Mechanical impurities,% of | <0.02 | Undetected | Undetected | Not detected out | Not detected out |
Freezing point, DEG C | <-30 | -35 | -35 | -36 | -35 |
The temperature of the ignition of the fuel, ℃ | >200 | 230 | 230 | 235 | 230 |
pH value | 6~8 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.2 |
50% distillation temperature Degree, degree C | <80 | 72 | 71 | 70 | 72 |
Calorific value, kJ/kg | >21000 | 40128(9600 Kcal· kg -1 ×4.18) | 41382(9900 Kcal· kg -1 ×4.18) | 40964(9800 Kcal· kg -1 ×4.18) | 40964(9800 Kcal· kg -1 ×4.18) |
Stability (-20) ℃) | Not layering | Without delamination | Not layering | Not layering | Not layering |
Formaldehyde test | Fuchsin non-woven fabric Blue colour | Magenta not in blue | Magenta is not blue | Magenta not in blue | Magenta not in blue |
The test results in Table 6 show that the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel has high heat value and stable performance, most of the fuel system is alcohol-based raw materials, the environment-friendly performance is excellent, all indexes of the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel exceed the current standard GB 16663-1996, and the environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel has good application and popularization values.
The above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of methanol, 5-10 parts of white oil, 15-25 parts of fermented ethanol, 0.1-1.5 parts of catalyst, 2-5 parts of antioxidant and 8-16 parts of degumming agent; the fermented ethanol is prepared by fermenting bagasse; the catalyst is a mixture of ferrocene and nitrate, the weight ratio of the ferrocene to the nitrate is 3;
the fermented ethanol is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse into solid particles with the particle size of less than 1mm, adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 65% to mix with the solid particles, controlling the temperature to be 50-65 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 2-3h; stopping heating, adding deionized water with the mass of 8 times that of the solid particles, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and drying on the mixture after the temperature of the system is reduced to room temperature to obtain a material A; and adding the material A into deionized water with the mass of 10 times, then adding saccharomyces cerevisiae, controlling the pH to be 5-6.5 and the temperature to be 30-35 ℃, and fermenting for 24-36h to obtain the fermented ethanol.
2. The environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of methanol, 7% of white oil, 20% of fermentation ethanol, 1% of catalyst, 4% of antioxidant and 8% of degumming agent.
3. The environment-friendly alcohol-based fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 57% of methanol, 5% of white oil, 25% of fermented ethanol, 1% of catalyst, 2% of antioxidant and 10% of degumming agent.
4. The environmentally friendly alcohol-based fuel according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the antioxidant is one or two of dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol.
5. The environmentally friendly alcohol-based fuel according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the antioxidant comprises dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol in a mass ratio of 1.
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CN1599786A (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2005-03-23 | 罗伯特·W·卡罗尔 | Method and composition for improving fuel combustion |
EP2025737A1 (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-18 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Environmentally-friendly fuel compositions |
CN107629825A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-26 | 桂林理工大学 | The preparation method of the alcohol-based fuel of bagasse fermentation synthesis |
US20180200673A1 (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2018-07-19 | Smartflow Technologies, Inc. | Method and systems for isolation and/or separation of products from production processes |
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CN1599786A (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2005-03-23 | 罗伯特·W·卡罗尔 | Method and composition for improving fuel combustion |
EP2025737A1 (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-18 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Environmentally-friendly fuel compositions |
US20180200673A1 (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2018-07-19 | Smartflow Technologies, Inc. | Method and systems for isolation and/or separation of products from production processes |
CN107629825A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-26 | 桂林理工大学 | The preparation method of the alcohol-based fuel of bagasse fermentation synthesis |
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