CN115160531B - 一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料 - Google Patents
一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料。该材料包括A、B两种组分以及催化剂,所述A组分和B组分的质量比为5:0.8~1.5,所述催化剂为A组分和B组分总质量的2~4‰;所述A组分由包括以下重量份数的原料制备得到:填料65~75份、聚醚多元醇9~21份、增塑剂15~20份、扩链剂2~4份、分散剂0.05~0.25份、颜料0.5~1份;所述B组分为聚氨酯预聚体。本发明提供的高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,组分A中填料用量可高达58.4~73.9%,可明显降低产品的成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料。
背景技术
聚氨酯塑胶跑道又称全天候田径运动跑道,是国际上公认的最佳全天候室外运动场地坪材料。其不仅具有平整度好、抗压强度高、硬度弹性适当、物理性能稳定的特性,有利于运动员速度和技术的发挥,有效地提高运动成绩,降低摔伤率,还有利于运动环境的美化,提高大家的运动积极性。
根据使用原料以及施工方式的不同可分为透气型、全塑型、复合型以及混合型等塑胶跑道。全塑型聚氨酯塑胶跑道的主要材料是双组份聚氨酯,结合运动科学和材质科学,能充分满足和体现运动员参与者对跑道的专业要求。全塑型聚氨酯塑胶跑道的A组分通常为聚醚多元醇、增塑剂、扩链剂、分散剂、填料、颜料等原料混拌而成,B组分为聚氨酯预聚体。按照一定的配比,A/B组分混合适量催化剂发生交联反应后即固化形成全塑型塑胶跑道。全塑型聚氨酯塑胶跑道的A组分中添加量最大的通常为粉类填料,并起到多重作用,包括:有填充作用,可降低制品成本,提高产品在市场上的竞争能力;可降低成型样块的收缩率,提高制品的尺寸稳定性;可调节浆料的粘度;可提高材料冲击强度、压缩强度以及耐磨性;可提高颜料的着色效果以及成品的光稳定性和耐化学腐蚀性等。常用的粉类填料有碳酸钙(重钙、轻钙)、重晶石粉、滑石粉、高岭土、多孔粉石英、白炭黑、沉淀硫酸钡、云母粉、硅灰石、膨润土等。其中碳酸钙是无臭无味的白色粉末,并且价格便宜、资源丰富,所以在全塑型聚氨酯塑胶跑道A组分的生产中被广泛使用。碳酸钙又分为重质碳酸钙和轻质碳酸钙,简称重钙和轻钙,重钙是天然碳酸钙,由方解石经粉碎制得,价格便宜,在浆料制备中和轻钙相比,容易沉降;轻钙又叫沉淀碳酸钙,粒度比重钙小,吸油量比重钙大,价格比重钙高。聚氨酯浆料实际生产中通常是重钙和轻钙搭配使用。
碳酸钙在全塑型聚氨酯塑胶跑道的A组分的生产中广泛使用,能同时起到降成本、增加材料的耐磨以及抗冲击、抗撕裂性能。通常碳酸钙在A组分中的占比在55%以下,继续提升这个比例可以进一步降低材料的成本,很多生产厂家都进行尝试,但是研究结果发现碳酸钙等粉料在A组分中的占比超过一定的比例后会带来一些负面的影响,比如材料粘度显著增大,流动性变差;材料的储存稳定性降低,常温放置通常几天的时间即会形成沉降;最重要的一点,成品塑胶样块的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率等力学性能会显著降低,产品质量明显变差。所以很多生产厂家为了平衡成本以及成品性能,通常将碳酸钙的填充量控制在55%以下,并且需要搭配使用部分吸油值高、抗沉降的粉料或者助剂。因此制备高填充量且性能优异的全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料是个难点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,以解决现有技术存在的缺陷。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,包括A、B两种组分以及催化剂,所述A组分和B组分的质量比为5:0.8~1.5,所述催化剂为A组分和B组分总质量的2~4‰;
所述A组分由包括以下重量份数的原料制备得到:填料65~75份、聚醚多元醇9~21份、增塑剂15~20份、扩链剂2~4份、分散剂0.05~0.25份、颜料0.5~1份;
所述B组分为聚氨酯预聚体。
优选的,所述填料包括重钙、轻钙和偶联剂,其中重钙和轻钙质量比为4:6-6:4,偶联剂为重钙和轻钙总质量的2~2.5%。
优选的,所述重钙和轻钙的粒径各自独立为800~1250目;所述偶联剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌中的一种。
优选的,所述聚醚多元醇为DL2000和330N的混合物,DL2000和330N的质量比为3~6:6~15。
优选的,增塑剂为环保氯化石蜡、氯代棕榈油甲酯、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯中的一种或多种。
优选的,所述扩链剂为二型粉状MOCA或环保扩链剂TDMA。
优选的,所述颜料为氧化铁红或氧化铁绿。
优选的,所述分散剂为降粘分散剂。
优选的,所述催化剂为锌铋复合催化剂。
优选的,所述组分A的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将填料、聚醚多元醇、增塑剂、扩链剂、分散剂、颜料混合后,依次进行升温、抽真空、脱气、脱水、降温后得到A组分。
优选的,所述组分A的制备方法包括以下步骤:将填料、聚醚多元醇、增塑剂、扩链剂、分散剂、颜料混合后,升温至95~100℃,抽负压≤-0.09Mpa,脱气、脱水处理3~5h。
经由上述技术方案可知,与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
本发明提供的高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,组分A中填料用量可高达58.4~73.9%,可明显降低产品的成本,与此同时,本专利制备的材料本身粘度适中且具有优异的储存稳定性,常温放置一年以上不会产生沉降,A/B组分混合固化后制备的跑道样块也展示了优异的力学性能(拉伸强度≥3MPa、断裂伸长率≥600%)。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,包括A、B两种组分以及催化剂,所述A组分和B组分的质量比为5:0.8~1.5,优选为5:0.9~1.2;所述催化剂为A组分和B组分总质量的2~4‰,优选为2.5~3‰;
所述A组分由包括以下重量份数的原料制备得到:填料65~75份、聚醚多元醇9~21份、增塑剂15~20份、扩链剂2~4份、分散剂0.05~0.25份、颜料0.5~1份,优选为填料68~72份、聚醚多元醇12~18份、增塑剂16~18份、扩链剂2~3份、分散剂0.08~0.2份、颜料0.6~0.8份;
所述B组分为聚氨酯预聚体,山东亿博润新材料科技有限公司生产的YJ2011-B型。
在本发明中,所述填料包括重钙、轻钙和偶联剂,其中重钙和轻钙质量比为4:6-6:4,优选为4:5-5:4,偶联剂为重钙和轻钙总质量的2~2.5%,优选为2.1~2.3%。
在本发明中,所述重钙和轻钙的粒径各自独立为800~1250目,优选为900~1000目;所述偶联剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌中的一种,优选为硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸锌。
在本发明中,所述聚醚多元醇为DL2000和330N的混合物,DL2000和330N的质量比为3~6:6~15,优选为4~5:8~12,所述DL2000和330N均购自山东蓝星东大有限公司。
在本发明中,增塑剂为环保氯化石蜡、氯代棕榈油甲酯、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯中的一种或多种,优选为环保氯化石蜡和/或乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯。
在本发明中,所述扩链剂为二型粉状MOCA或环保扩链剂TDMA,优选为二型粉状MOCA,其中二型粉状MOCA购自苏州湘园新材料股份有限公司,环保扩链剂TDMA购自广州优润合成材料有限公司。
在本发明中,所述颜料为氧化铁红或氧化铁绿。
在本发明中,所述分散剂为降粘分散剂,优选的,降粘分散剂为YRFC-06,购自广州优润合成材料有限公司,或烟台阳光塑胶有限公司的分散剂08。
在本发明中,所述催化剂为锌铋复合催化剂,购自上海振贵新材料科技有限公司或购自广州优润合成材料有限公司。
在本发明中,所述组分A的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将填料、聚醚多元醇、增塑剂、扩链剂、分散剂、颜料混合后,依次进行升温、抽真空、脱气、脱水、降温后得到A组分。
在本发明中,所述组分A的制备方法包括以下步骤:将填料、聚醚多元醇、增塑剂、扩链剂、分散剂、颜料混合后,升温至95~100℃,抽负压≤-0.09Mpa,脱气、脱水处理3~5h,优选为升温至96~98℃,抽负压≤-0.1Mpa,脱气、脱水处理3.5~4.5h。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
本发明实施例1~2中使用的锌铋复合催化剂均购自上海振贵新材料科技有限公司,实施例3~4使用的锌铋复合催化剂均购自购自广州优润合成材料有限公司。
实施例1
将1000目的重钙和1000目轻钙按照5:5的配比并添加重钙和轻钙总质量2.5‰的偶联剂硬脂酸钙预混拌后备用作为填料。随后将10份330N,5份DL2000以及15份氯代棕榈油甲酯,2.5份二型粉状MOCA,1份氧化铁红,0.15份烟台阳光塑胶有限公司的分散剂08以及70份预混的填料,在搅拌分散均匀后升温至95℃并抽负压至-0.09Mpa,真空脱气脱水处理4h,脱水完毕降温至56℃放料密封保存即得组分A,测得组分A粘度为13070mPa·s,放置1年未见沉降。
将组分A与山东亿博润新材料科技有限公司生产的YJ2011-B组分B按照5:1的比例搅拌后再添加A组分和B组分总质量4‰的锌铋复合催化剂混合均匀并摊铺样块,样块室温24h固化,熟化7天后测试力学性能,拉伸强度为3.18MPa,断裂伸长率为685%。
实施例2
将800目的重钙和800目轻钙按照4:6的配比并添加重钙和轻钙总质量2‰的偶联剂硬脂酸锌预混拌后备用作为填料。随后将7份330N,3份DL2000以及5份环保氯化石蜡,15份乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯,3份环保扩链剂TDMA,0.8份氧化铁红,0.08份YRFC-06分散剂以及65份预混的填料,在搅拌分散均匀后升温至97℃并抽负压至-0.1Mpa,真空脱气脱水处理3h,脱水完毕降温至59℃放料密封保存即得全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料的A组分,粘度为12250mPa·s,放置1年未见沉降。
将组分A与山东亿博润新材料科技有限公司生产的YJ2011-B组分B按照5:1的比例搅拌后再添加A组分和B组分总质量3‰的锌铋复合催化剂混合均匀并摊铺样块。样块室温24h固化,熟化7天后测试力学性能,拉伸强度为3.52MPa,断裂伸长率为725%。
实施例3
将1250目的重钙和1250目的轻钙按照6:4的配比并添加重钙和轻钙总质量3‰的偶联剂硬脂酸钙预混拌后备用作为填料。随后将15份330N,5份DL2000以及5份环保氯化石蜡,15份乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯,2份二型粉状MOCA,0.8份氧化铁红,0.2份烟台阳光塑胶有限公司的分散剂08以及70份预混的填料,在搅拌分散均匀后升温至100℃并抽负压至-0.11Mpa,真空脱气脱水处理3h,脱水完毕降温至55℃放料密封保存即得全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料的A组分,粘度为12300mPa·s,放置1年未见沉降。
将组分A与山东亿博润新材料科技有限公司生产的YJ2011-B组分B按照5:1的比例搅拌后再添加A组分和B组分总质量3‰的锌铋复合催化剂混合均匀并摊铺样块。样块室温24h固化,熟化7天后测试力学性能,拉伸强度为3.37MPa,断裂伸长率为705%。
实施例4
将1000目的重钙和1000目的轻钙按照5:5的配比并添加重钙和轻钙总质量2‰的偶联剂硬脂酸锌预混拌后备用作为填料。随后将7份330N,3份DL2000以及5份氯代棕榈油甲酯,15份乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯,4份二型粉状MOCA,1份氧化铁红,0.25份YRFC-06分散剂以及75份预混的填料,在搅拌分散均匀后升温至98℃并抽负压至-0.12Mpa,真空脱气脱水处理3h,脱水完毕降温至56℃放料密封保存即得全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料的A组分,粘度为14650mPa·s,放置1年未见沉降。
将组分A与山东亿博润新材料科技有限公司生产的YJ2011-B组分B按照5:1的比例搅拌后再添加A组分和B组分总质量5‰的锌铋复合催化剂混合均匀并摊铺样块。样块室温24h固化,熟化7天后测试力学性能,拉伸强度为3.08MPa,断裂伸长率为635%。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例2的区别在于偶联剂使用的是常规硅烷偶联剂KH-550,摊铺样块,样块室温24h固化,熟化7天后测试力学性能,拉伸强度为1.52MPa,断裂伸长率为285%。
由以上实施例可知,本发明提供了一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,在高填料用量下,制备的A组分材料本身粘度适中且具有优异的储存稳定性,常温放置一年以上不会产生沉降,并且A/B组分混合固化后制备的塑胶跑道样块具有优异的力学性能,并未展现出高粉料填充量下产品力学性能的显著下降。
此外,由对比例1与实施例2的区别可知,本发明提供的一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料各组分之间具有不可或缺的作用,对比例1中仅是使用的偶联剂的种类发生改变,最终制备的样块的力学性能与实施例2相比出现了明显的下降。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,其特征在于,包括A、B两种组分以及催化剂,所述A组分和B组分的质量比为5:0.8~1.5,所述催化剂为A组分和B组分总质量的2~4‰;
所述A组分由包括以下重量份数的原料制备得到:填料65~75份、聚醚多元醇9~21份、增塑剂15~20份、扩链剂2~4份、分散剂0.05~0.25份、颜料0.5~1份;
所述B组分为聚氨酯预聚体;
所述催化剂为锌铋复合催化剂;
所述填料包括重钙、轻钙和偶联剂,其中重钙和轻钙质量比为4:6~6:4,偶联剂为重钙和轻钙总质量的2~2.5%;
所述偶联剂为硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌中的一种;
所述聚醚多元醇为DL2000和330N的混合物;
所述扩链剂为二型粉状MOCA或环保扩链剂TDMA。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,其特征在于,所述重钙和轻钙的粒径各自独立为800~1250目。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,其特征在于,DL2000和330N的质量比为3~6:6~15。
4.根据权利要求1或3所述的一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,其特征在于,增塑剂为环保氯化石蜡、氯代棕榈油甲酯、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,其特征在于,所述颜料为氧化铁红或氧化铁绿;
所述分散剂为降粘分散剂。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述的一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,其特征在于,所述组分A的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将填料、聚醚多元醇、增塑剂、扩链剂、分散剂、颜料混合后,依次进行升温、抽真空、脱气、脱水、降温后得到A组分。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种高填充量全塑型聚氨酯塑胶材料,其特征在于,所述组分A的制备方法包括以下步骤:将填料、聚醚多元醇、增塑剂、扩链剂、分散剂、颜料混合后,升温至95~100℃,抽负压≤-0.09Mpa,脱气、脱水处理3~5h。
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