CN115159300A - Elevator installation construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and discloses an elevator installation and construction method, which comprises the following steps: placing a sample plate frame on the ground in the machine room according to the size of the layout drawing of the machine room and paying off the sample plate frame; installing traction equipment in a machine room according to the size of a civil engineering drawing and paying off; installing a pit platform, and installing a first section of guide rail by using the pit platform; mounting a car on the first section of guide rail using the traction device; a top layer working platform is installed at a top layer elevator landing door, and a counterweight housing is hoisted through the top layer working platform; hanging a steel wire rope, installing a follow-up cable and debugging a slow vehicle; moving the car with the traction device for remaining car guide rail and counterweight guide rail installation; and installing a landing door and debugging the express train. The elevator installation construction method provided by the invention can complete the elevator installation construction without building an in-well scaffold or a special hanging basket, improves the construction efficiency and the safety coefficient, has a good use effect, and is easy to popularize and use.

Description

Elevator installation construction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to an elevator installation construction method.

Background

The scaffold that need set up to construct in traditional perpendicular elevator well assists the construction, to setting up the scaffold that highly is greater than 50 meters, reaches the big engineering of danger that the national regulation surpassed certain scale, still need carry out expert's argumentation to scaffold project, not only the engineering time is long, and the installation rate is slow moreover, and installation cost is high, and a large amount of high altitude construction and the unsettled operation safety protection nature of support body are poor moreover, very easily take place great casualties accident.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the elevator installation construction method, which can complete the elevator installation construction without erecting an in-well scaffold or a special hanging basket, thereby improving the construction efficiency and the safety coefficient.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

an elevator installation construction method comprises the following steps:

placing a sample plate rack on the ground in the machine room according to the size of the machine room layout drawing and paying off the sample plate rack;

installing traction equipment in the machine room according to the size of a civil engineering drawing and paying-off;

installing a pit platform, and installing a first section of guide rail by using the pit platform;

mounting a car on the first section of guide rail with the traction device;

a top layer working platform is installed at a top layer elevator landing door, and a counterweight housing is hoisted through the top layer working platform;

hanging a steel wire rope, installing a follow-up cable and debugging a slow vehicle;

moving the car with the traction device for remaining car guide rail and counterweight guide rail installation;

and (5) installing a landing door and carrying out express debugging.

Preferably, when the sample plate frame is fixed on the ground in the machine room, the position of the hoistway door surface line is roughly measured by using a tape measure, marks are made, two holes are punched, the door surface sample line is put down firstly, a heavy hammer is hung, and the verticality of a hoistway is measured;

when the sample plate frame is paid off, the center line of the car, the center line of the doorway, the net width line of the doorway, the center line of the car and the center line of the counterweight guide rail need to be marked, and the deviation of each position line is less than or equal to 0.2mm.

Preferably, the traction equipment comprises a supporting beam fixedly arranged on an elevator shaft, a base is arranged on the supporting beam, a control cabinet, a guide wheel, a counterweight rope head device, a speed limiter, a bearing steel beam, a car rope head device and a wire casing are respectively arranged on the base, and a traction machine is arranged on the bearing steel beam.

Preferably, the verticality error and the levelness error of the traction wheel and the guide wheel of the traction machine are both less than or equal to 0.5mm;

deviation between the traction wheel and the positioning point on the sample plate frame and deviation between the guide wheel and the positioning point on the sample plate frame are smaller than or equal to 1mm;

the verticality of the end surface of the rope wheel rim of the speed limiter relative to the horizontal plane is less than or equal to 2/1000;

the total sectional area of the wires in the wire slot is less than or equal to 60% of the sectional area in the wire slot.

Preferably, a pit bottom horse groove and a buffer are required to be installed before the first section of guide rail is installed, and a pit ladder and speed governor rope expanding equipment are required to be installed after the first section of guide rail is installed;

the installation of the bottom horse groove is carried out after the waterproof construction of a building pit is finished; and the buffer is arranged after the bottom horse groove is in place, and the distance between the stroke of the outer edge of the piston of the buffer and the plumb line is less than or equal to 0.5mm.

Preferably, when the first section of guide rail is installed, the precision of the guide rail is adjusted by using the guide ruler, and the precision of the main rail RG is ensured to be within +1mm and-1 mm; the guide rail base and the bottom of the guide rail should have a gap of 20-30 mm.

Preferably, the car is connected with the first section of guide rail through a fixing clamp, the fixing clamp comprises a back plate which is abutted against the bottom surface of the guide rail, a supporting plate and a plurality of clamping blocks which are used for supporting the car are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the back plate, an avoiding groove for the guide rail to pass through is formed in the supporting plate, and the plurality of clamping blocks are detachably and uniformly distributed on two sides of the back plate;

the grip block is the z-shaped, include with the installation department that the backplate is connected and with the clamping part of guide rail joint, the clamping part with connect through butt portion between the installation department.

Preferably, the installation of the car comprises the steps of:

mounting the fixing clamp on the first guide rail;

installing a large lift car frame;

installing safety tongs and guide shoes;

installing a car top diversion sheave;

installing a car surrounding wall;

and (5) installing the car roof.

Preferably, top layer work platform includes two parallel arrangement's horizontal beam, two the free end of horizontal beam is connected with the tie-beam, two the link of horizontal beam is equipped with the fixed block that is used for connecting the floor, the vertical supporting beam that is equipped with on the fixed block, a supporting beam's top is equipped with the lock piece that is used for joint elevator layer gate upper end inside wall, two supporting beam's upper portion is connected with the entablature, two the landing slab has been laid between the horizontal beam.

Preferably, the deviation of the car guide rail and the counterweight guide rail provided with the safety gear in every 5m of length relative to the installation reference line is less than or equal to 0.4mm, and the deviation of the car guide rail and the counterweight guide rail provided with the safety gear in every 5m of length relative to the installation reference line is less than or equal to 0.8mm;

a continuous gap cannot be left at a working face joint, and a local gap is smaller than or equal to 0.5mm; the step at the working face joint is measured by a flat ruler with the straightness of 0.01/300 or other tools and should not be larger than 0.03mm. The gap at the joint of the counterweight guide rail working surface without safety tongs is not more than 1.0mm, and the step at the joint of the working surface is not more than 0.15mm.

The flattening length at the joint of the car guide rail is more than 200mm;

the allowable deviation of the distance between the top surfaces of the car guide rails is 0-1mm; the allowable deviation of the distance between the top surfaces of the counterweight guide rails is 0-2mm.

Compared with the prior art, the elevator installation construction method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes the traction system of the elevator to provide power, takes the guide rail of the elevator as the guide rail of the platform running in the hoistway as the guide rail to realize the lifting of the platform, can complete the installation and construction of the elevator without erecting an in-well scaffold or a special hanging basket, not only saves the time for erecting and dismantling the hoistway scaffold, saves the time and labor for carrying elevator accessories, but also can save the process of expert demonstration and acceptance of the scaffold for the hoistway higher than 50m, thereby greatly saving the installation time of the elevator and improving the construction efficiency. Simultaneously, through changing the high altitude equipment into and accomplishing at the bottom, change the operation of putting on the shelf into operation on the platform, avoid the derrick to collapse, heavy casualties accident such as falling when personnel climb from top to bottom, improved factor of safety. The invention has simple operation, good use effect and easy popularization and use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an elevator installation construction method of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the traction apparatus.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the application of the fixing jig.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the fixing jig.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the top layer working platform.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an application of a top-level working platform.

Wherein: 1-traction equipment, 11-base, 12-control cabinet, 13-guide wheel, 14-counterweight rope head device, 15-speed limiter, 16-bearing steel beam, 17-car rope head device, 18-wire groove, 19-traction machine, 2-fixing clamp, 21-back plate, 22-supporting plate, 23-clamping block, 24-avoidance groove, 25-mounting part, 26-clamping part, 27-abutting part, 3-top working platform, 31-horizontal beam, 32-connecting beam, 33-fixing block, 34-supporting beam, 35-buckling piece, 36-upper beam, 37-platform plate, 38-reinforced vertical beam, 39-reinforced beam and 4-first section guide rail or guide rail.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an elevator installation construction method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:

and (5) reviewing drawings:

and strictly checking the design drawing, and performing the operation of reviewing the drawing. Whether the civil engineering drawing accords with an elevator factory deepening drawing (comprising the width and the depth of a well, the depth of a pit, the height of a floor, the height of a top layer, the width of a well door, the height of a machine room, the arrangement of a safety door, a well pressure relief vent, the space between guide rail bracket rings and beams and the height of a door head lintel) is checked, and the difference between the structure elevation and the building finish surface elevation needs to be paid attention to so as to avoid errors. And (4) checking whether the power supply power provided by the electrical drawing for the elevator equipment is enough and whether electrical auxiliary equipment such as a machine room distribution box, lighting, a socket, an exhaust fan, an air conditioner and the like meet the elevator standard requirement in configuration.

Construction preparation:

1. before an elevator enters a field, it is clear that a first party (a head bag) needs to cooperate with the work:

1) Providing a corresponding equipment stacking site;

2) Providing a machine room, a well and a pit which are in accordance with the specification of a layout, providing a qualified well and room door safety guardrail device, eliminating accumulated water and sundries caused by non-elevator construction party reasons on a construction site, and providing a horizontal decoration datum line of the ground of each floor, a wall decoration datum line and a parallel axis of a room door;

3) Is responsible for providing on-site temporary power utilization;

4) The coordination with the cross operation of other engineering units during the construction of the elevator construction side is assisted;

5) The elevator is responsible for backfilling and finishing the civil engineering part after the elevator is installed;

6) The elevator is in charge of elevator construction and debugging electricity utilization;

7) Determining an entrance passage of an elevator and an elevator equipment storeroom (200-300 m < 2 >);

8) In order to prevent construction water of other units from entering the shaft in the construction process and causing damage of equipment, a waterproof step is manufactured at the door opening of the shaft.

2. Entering a field by the equipment:

3. carrying out civil engineering handover according to the requirements of an elevator installation layout:

1) Checking whether the width and depth of a well, the depth of a pit, the height of a floor, the height of a top floor, the height of the top floor, the width of a hall door and the height of the hall door meet the drawing size requirements of the elevator, if the drawing size requirements are not met, reporting to a first party and a construction site supervision party in a text mode, and actively tracking the condition of rectification and correction;

2) And (3) checking that the space between the ring beams of the guide rail bracket for mounting the elevator is not more than 2500mm, the height of the lintel is 300mm, and each lintel surface is kept on a uniform vertical plane with the error sum of 5cm per 100 m. The height of a lintel of the landing door head is required to be 300mm, two sides of the lintel of the door head are respectively provided with a lug of 300mm and 200mm, the width of the lintel of the door head is required to be the same as that of a well, and the distance between the bottom of the lintel and the ground is not less than 2200mm;

3) Checking the height and position of the hall door outer call hole, and whether the machine room steel wire hole, the machine room I-shaped steel hole, the machine room lifting hook and the I-shaped steel pier are constructed in place;

4) Checking whether the height of the machine room meets the design requirement, whether the wall of the machine room is constructed in place, whether the door and the window are installed in place and whether the ground is leveled;

5) Whether the ground level has bounced at the hall door;

6) The main switch of the power supply should be easy to access and operate, and check whether the power supply power meets the power requirement of the elevator;

7) Providing a channel and a carrying space required by equipment for entering according to the installation requirement of the elevator;

8) The machine room lighting, switches and sockets must be installed in place before use.

4. Checking and preparing a special installation tool, a common installation tool and safety protection articles required in the installation process; well protecting hoistway door safety. The protective net of the elevator hall door is made of a nylon safety net with certain strength; the whole hall door can be covered by the height and the width, the hall door protective screen has at least 6 fixing points, the fixing needs to be smooth and firm, and the lower end needs to be adhered; a 200mm high foot baffle plate is arranged at the bottom of the hall doorway and is fixed with the hall door safety barrier; and hanging the warning mark.

And placing the sample plate frame on the ground in the machine room according to the size of the layout drawing of the machine room and paying off the sample plate frame.

The sample frame can be made of iron strips with the width of 30mm, one section of the sample frame is used for a hall door, two sections of the sample frame are used for a car guide rail, and the other two sections of the sample frame are used for a counterweight guide rail. When the sample plate frame is fixed on the ground in the machine room, the position of the hoistway door surface line is roughly measured by using a tape measure, marks are made, two holes are punched, the door surface sample line is put down, a heavy hammer is hung, and the verticality of a hoistway is measured;

when the sample plate frame is paid off, the center line of the car, the center line of the doorway, the net width line of the doorway, the center line of the car and the center line of the counterweight guide rail need to be marked, and the deviation of each position line is less than or equal to 0.2mm.

In addition, it is also necessary to measure the hoistway verticality. During measurement, the sample plate frame is fixed on the ground in a machine room, the position of a hoistway door surface line is roughly measured by a tape measure, marks are made, two holes are drilled by an electric hammer or a drill bit with the diameter of more than 22mm, the door surface sample line is put down and hung on the heavy hammer, the verticality of a hoistway is measured, the door opening of each floor of the hoistway is measured, and the measured size is recorded. Meanwhile, according to the determined door surface lines, the center line of the lift car and the center line of the counterweight are marked on the floor of the machine room by referring to the paper, and if the door surface lines have deviation, the door surface lines can be adjusted front, back, left and right according to the measured data. When the elevators are connected in parallel or face-to-face, the hoistway entrance plane line is measured according to a reference datum line provided by civil engineering;

and installing a traction device 1 in the machine room according to the size of a civil engineering drawing and paying-off. The traction equipment 1 comprises a supporting beam fixedly arranged on an elevator shaft, a base 11 is arranged on the supporting beam, a control cabinet 12, a guide wheel 13, a counterweight rope head device 14, a speed governor 15, a bearing steel beam 16, a car rope head device 17 and a wire groove 18 are respectively arranged on the base 11, and a tractor 19 is arranged on the bearing steel beam 16.

When the elevator is installed, the traction machine 19 is installed firstly, and then components such as the counterweight rope head device 14, the car rope head device 17, the speed limiter 15, the control cabinet 12, the guide wheel 13, the trunking cable laying and the like are installed, so that the verticality error and the levelness error of the traction wheel of the traction machine 19 and the guide wheel 13 are both less than or equal to 0.5mm; the deviation between the traction wheel and the positioning points on the sample plate frame and the guide wheel 13 is less than or equal to 1mm; the verticality of the end surface of the rope wheel rim of the speed limiter 15 relative to the horizontal plane is less than or equal to 2/1000; the total cross-sectional area of the wires in the wire slot 18 is less than or equal to 60% of the cross-sectional area in the wire slot. The total cross-sectional area of the wires in the wire tube is not more than 40% of the net cross-sectional area in the wire tube. The fixed distance between the hoses should not be more than 1m, and the fixed distance between the ends should not be more than 0.1m.

In addition, the elevator machine room should have enough space, and the clear height of the working area should not be less than 2m. The elevator machine room or the pulley room is not used for other purposes except for elevators, and a wire groove, a cable, a pipeline or a device which is not used for the elevator is not required to be arranged.

The control cabinet 12 should be installed firmly without being installed under the window, the ventilation device and the air conditioner, the base should be higher than the floor of the machine room, and the operation of the traction machine can be clearly observed during operation. The mounting position of the control cabinet is ensured to have enough space, and the space is not less than 0.70m when measured from the outer surface; the width is 0.50m or the full width of the screen or cabinet, and the clear height for activity is not less than 1.80m.

Before the tractor 19 is installed, whether the positions of a tractor reserved table and a reserved hole of a civil engineering unit meet the design and reservation requirements of an elevator manufacturer or not should be checked, and the bearing beam embedded steel plate should be connected with a main rib in a concrete wall when manufactured, and the levelness of the bearing beam embedded steel plate is ensured. When the tractor spandrel girder is installed, forbid cutting the girder steel, damage the I-steel stud. The support length of the tractor bearing beam embedded in the bearing wall should exceed 20mm of the wall thickness center and should not be less than 75mm, and after the installation is finished, antirust paint is brushed and grounding protection is carried out. The middle of the tractor base and the foundation base is adjusted by a gasket, the adjustment verticality of the no-load traction sheave is within 2mm, the verticality deviation of the traction sheave is within 2mm when the lift car is fully loaded, and the parallelism error of the traction sheave and the guide sheave is less than 1mm;

and installing a pit platform, and installing a first section of guide rail by using the pit platform. The pit platform selects two national standard No. 10 channel steel frames as a cross beam in a bottom well, is paved with a plurality of boards with the thickness of 50mm and is fixed well, and is used for installing a second gear support, adjusting a guide rail and assembling a lift car.

In addition, a pit bottom trough and a buffer are required to be installed before the first section of guide rail 4 is installed, and the installation of the pit bottom trough is required to be carried out after the waterproof construction of a building pit is finished; and after the bottom horse groove is in place, the buffer is arranged, and the distance between the outer edge stroke of the piston of the buffer and a plumb line is less than or equal to 0.5mm. When the first section of guide rail is installed, the accuracy of the guide rail is adjusted by using a guide ruler, and the accuracy of a main rail RG is ensured to be within +1mm and-1 mm; the guide rail base and the bottom of the guide rail should have a gap of 20-30 mm. And a pit ladder and a speed governor rope tensioning device are required to be installed after the first section of guide rail is installed. Particularly, if the counterweight frame is provided with safety tongs, the counterweight speed governor rope-expanding device is installed, and the height of the bottommost surface of the car or the counterweight rope-expanding device from the ground is required to be within 200 +/-50 mm;

referring to fig. 3-5, the car is mounted on the first section of guide rail 4 using the traction apparatus 1. The car is connected with the first section of guide rail 4 through the fixing clamp 2, the fixing clamp 2 comprises a back plate 21 which is abutted against the bottom surface of the guide rail 4, a supporting plate 22 and a plurality of clamping blocks 23 which are used for supporting the car are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the back plate 21, an avoiding groove 24 for the guide rail to pass through is formed in the supporting plate 22, and the plurality of clamping blocks 23 are uniformly distributed on two sides of the back plate 21 in a detachable mode; the grip block 23 is z-shaped, include with installation department 25 that backplate 21 is connected and with the clamping part 26 of guide rail 4 joint, clamping part 26 with connect through butt portion 27 between the installation department 25. When the elevator car is installed, the back plate 21 is abutted against the back surface of the elevator guide rail 4, and then the back plate 21 and the guide rail 4 are connected through the clamping block 23. And then, the groove wall of the avoidance groove 24 of the support plate 22 is abutted against the track of the elevator guide rail 4, so that the elevator guide rail 4 is integrally penetrated through the avoidance groove 24. Through adopting mounting fixture 2, not only the process of assembly is simple and convenient, has reduced constructor engineering time and construction labour effectively, and moreover, the structure is also comparatively simple, has saved the cost of manufacture.

The installation of the car comprises the following steps:

mounting the fixing clamp 2 on the first guide rail 4;

and installing a large cage frame. A winch is adopted to hoist the car bottom into a pit, a car fixing clamp is utilized to support the lower beam, the buffer of the lower car is ensured to be 30mm higher, and the flatness and the centering of the lower beam are adjusted; the side beams are hung in the bottom pit to be erected, then the upper beam is hung in the well, two installers stand on the outer car bottom to fasten and connect bolts of the upper beam and the side beams, and a horizontal ruler and an angle ruler are used for correcting the verticality and the flatness of the upper beam and the side beams; the assembled upper beam and side beam are lifted by a winch to align to the connection position of a bolt hole of the lower beam, two installers fasten the connecting bolt by using a ladder, and a horizontal ruler and an angle ruler are used for correcting and then installing diagonal draw bars, so that the stable structure of the lift car is ensured;

and installing safety tongs and guide shoes. When the elevator car safety gear is installed, the temporary sliding block is dismounted, and then the car safety gear and the guide shoe are installed;

and installing a car top diversion sheave. The car top diversion sheave is installed according to the requirements of an accessory drawing in an elevator installation specification, and a uniform gap is ensured between the diversion sheave bracket and an upper beam, so that the contact between metal parts is not allowed;

a car enclosure wall is installed. The method comprises the following steps that installers divide the enclosure walls into groups outside a hoistway, the enclosure walls are moved into the hoistway one by one according to the installation sequence, one installer holds the enclosure walls, and the other installer stands on a car bottom and screws the enclosure walls and inner car bottom connecting bolts;

and (5) installing the car roof. Hoisting the car roof into a proper position of the upper beam by using a winch, standing an installer at a doorway, screwing down the inner car roof and the enclosing connecting bolt from outside to inside by using a ladder, and installing a front surrounding wall at the same time;

referring to fig. 6, a top working platform 3 is installed at a landing doorway of a top elevator, and a counterweight housing is hoisted by the top working platform 3. Top layer work platform 3 is assembled, including two parallel arrangement's horizontal beam 31, two the free end of horizontal beam 31 is connected with tie-beam 32, two the link of horizontal beam 31 is equipped with the fixed block 33 that is used for connecting the floor, the vertical supporting beam 34 that is equipped with on the fixed block 33, supporting beam 34's top is equipped with the lock piece 35 that is used for joint elevator layer gate upper end inside wall, two supporting beam 34's upper portion is connected with entablature 36, guarantees the stability of platform, two deck 37 has been laid between the horizontal beam 31, deck 37 supplies personnel to operate. During installation, the buckling pieces 35 are firstly clamped at the elevator landing door, then the fixing blocks 33 are fixed, and then other parts are installed. In addition, in order to ensure the strength and stability of the top work platform 3, a reinforcing vertical beam 38 is arranged at the joint of the horizontal beam 31 and the connecting beam 32, and a reinforcing cross beam 39 is arranged between the reinforcing vertical beam 38 and the supporting beam 34. A hanging beam is arranged between the upper cross beam 36 and the connecting beam 32, and the hanging beam is fixedly connected with the reinforcing cross beam 39.

When the counterweight housing is hoisted, a safety rope is hung from a machine room lifting hook; the installer wears the safety belt and hangs the safety belt on the safety rope by the self-locking device; firstly, connecting and assembling the platform integral frame of the platform device on the ground of a landing door; the assembled main frame body is integrally extended into a hoistway, the supporting beams are fixed at the doorway of the hall by the buckling pieces and the fixing blocks, and the horizontal beams, the connecting beams and the hanging beams extend into the hoistway to be used as main supporting frames of the platform, so that the part of the platform, which extends into the hoistway, is ensured to be vertical to the plane of the hoistway door. The counterweight housing and the appropriate amount of counterweight iron are then transported to the topmost tier. A2-ton hoist is fixedly arranged on a machine room supporting beam, the counterweight housing is lifted to a hall door, the hoist is hung, the counterweight housing is slowly lifted, and the counterweight housing is lifted into a hoistway.

Hanging a steel wire rope, installing a follow-up cable and debugging a slow vehicle;

the steel wire rope is hung by adopting a reversed rope. During the rope-reversing process, the correct method must be used, the hoisting ropes must not be allowed to be twisted or kinked, and the kinked hoisting ropes cannot be used and must be replaced. After all wire rope hang, sedan-chair top wheel link plate nut resets, presss from both sides the ware with the rope, presss from both sides wire rope with the rope clamp in the well, holds the rope clamp with the calabash, controls the elasticity of bolt on the rope clamp this moment, and the loose wire rope can up-lift when this moment calabash up-pulls, and tight wire rope can skid, carefully observes, when all wire rope all skid, screws up the bolt on the rope clamp, and at this moment one loosens wire rope and begins to make the fag end. And after all rope ends are manufactured, the rope clamps are removed, the tension of the steel wire ropes is ensured to be consistent, and the steel wire ropes are completely hung. After the hoisting rope is installed, the elevator car top diversion sheave and the bridge frame are adjusted. The sequence and method for installing the speed limiting rope are consistent with the installation of the hoisting rope. After the steel wire rope is hung well, beginning to add counterweight iron; the quantity of the counter weight iron is calculated according to the weight of the lift car, and the ratio of the lift car to the counter weight must be ensured in the installation stage and before the express train runs, but the ratio of the counter weight cannot exceed 30 percent of the counter weight; and after the counterweight block is completely installed, the counterweight block is firmly propped by a compression bolt on the compression device, and a screw is fastened at the same time.

The traveling cable is bound on the steel pipe and temporarily fixed in the machine room; the fixed position of the following cable at the car bottom can be installed in place. Note that the trailing cable must be suspended using factory supplied components, and that the suspended trailing cable must be provided with steel wires therein when the hoisting height exceeds 75 m.

In addition, car roof protection and car roof wiring are also required, specifically:

1. and (5) installing a car top guardrail. Firstly, a single rail of the four-way guardrail is assembled outside a hoistway, and then the single rail of the car top is connected and screwed by bolts and is connected with the car top bolts. And after the installation, the receiving device of the sensor is installed on the guardrail.

2. And (5) installing head top protection. And according to the assembly drawing of the top protection guardrail, the car top is connected with the car top guardrail after being well assembled. Or the materials are locally used in the construction site, four steel frame pipes are used as vertical rods, the car top guardrails are fixed at four corners, the upper platform is sealed by the frame pipes, the battens and the wood templates, and steel wire rope hole sites are reserved.

3. And (4) car roof wiring. After the overhead protection is installed, car roof components such as car roof lighting, emergency lighting, a junction box, a talkback power supply, an overhaul box, an alarm bell, car lighting and the like can be installed and connected in a wiring mode.

Utilize traction equipment removes the car carries out remaining car guide rail and counter weight guide rail installation, and remaining car guide rail constitutes elevator guide rail with first section guide rail, and during the installation the car is as the installation platform, and the staff follows the car rebound, every guide rail of installing removes a section distance, and is accomplished the installation. In the traditional installation process, when a worker puts a sample plate and a sample plate line well, the worker needs to check whether the sample line is touched by a scaffold layer by layer, the accuracy of the sample line is influenced, and the higher the floor is, the larger the workload of the work is. In the invention, because the guide rails are installed and adjusted one by one, interface steps and gaps can be corrected in time no matter the verticality of the guide rails or the deviation of the working surface, and the precision is better than that of the traditional process, thereby improving the installation quality. The following matters need to be noted during installation:

1. guide rail mounting

1) Before the installation of the elevator guide rail, firstly, a template frame is manufactured, the template frame is made of wood which is strong in toughness, not easy to deform and subjected to drying treatment, and the wood is planed at four sides to form right angles. When the lifting height is too high, the method of manufacturing the sample plate frame by profile steel or installing the sample plate frame on the middle layer can be adopted for processing.

2) The sample plate rack levelness should not be greater than 3/1000, and the vertical offset of the top and bottom sample plate racks should not exceed 1mm.

3) Before each construction, the positions of the vertical lines are newly surveyed and measured.

4) The plumb bob is generally 5kg, and when the well is too high, the weight of the plumb bob can be correspondingly increased, the swinging amount is reduced, and the damping performance is improved.

5) When the guide rail bracket is fixed by the expansion bolt, a proper drill bit is selected for punching, the hole is correct, and the depth meets the design requirement of the installation process of an elevator manufacturer.

6) After the guide rail bracket is stabilized, the levelness deviation is not more than 1.5%, and the length of the bolt exposed out of the nut is 2-3 buttons.

7) Before the guide rail is installed, whether the guide rail is bent or not is checked, the joint of the guide rail is cleaned, and impurities such as burrs, grease and the like on the guide rail are removed.

8) And a special guide rail track finding ruler is used for proofreading from bottom to top, and a specially-assigned person must find the track for the same guide rail, so that the installation quality of the guide rail is ensured.

9) The guide rail application pressing plate is fixed on the guide rail bracket, and is forbidden to be connected with the bracket in a welding or bolt mode. The spacer between the rail bracket and the rail should not exceed 3.

10 The deviation of the car guide rail and the counterweight guide rail provided with the safety gear in every 5m of length relative to the installation reference line is not more than 0.4mm, and the deviation of the T-shaped counterweight guide rail without the safety gear is 0.8mm.

11 Car guide rail and counterweight guide rail with safety tongs, the working face joint should not have continuous gap, the local gap should not be greater than 0.5mm; the step at the working surface joint is measured by a straight ruler with the straightness of 0.01/300 or other tools and should not be larger than 0.03mm. The gap at the joint of the counterweight guide rail working surface without safety tongs is not more than 1.0mm, and the step at the joint of the working surface is not more than 0.15mm.

12 The flattened length at the rail joint should be greater than 200mm.

13 Allowable deviation of the distance between the top surfaces of the car guide rails is 0 to +1mm; the counterweight guide rail is 0 to +2mm.

14 The distance between the first circle of guide rail brackets of the pit and the ground is not more than 1000mm, the distance between the topmost circle of guide rail brackets and the top plate of the shaft is not more than 500mm, each guide rail is not less than 2 guide rail brackets, and the distance between the brackets is not more than 2.5m. Welding slag is removed from the welding position, and the guide rail bracket is required to be brushed with antirust paint before installation.

2. The counterweight is stabilized into the guide rail. In the installation, can descend along with the car promotes in the well to the counter weight thereupon, at certain position in the middle of the well, the counter weight will meet with the car, need will stabilize the guide rail with the counter weight this moment, demolish interim guide shoe earlier, after stabilizing the guide rail to the counter weight, then install and slide to the counter weight and lead the boots.

3. And well wiring. Firstly, well-way trunking is installed according to an elevator construction drawing, and then cables are laid according to requirements.

And (4) installing a landing door, debugging the express bus, and checking and accepting after the express bus is debugged.

The typical landing door system installation method comprises the following steps: installing a sill bracket and a sill of the landing door → installing a door upright → installing a door head → installing a door plate → installing a door guide shoe → adjusting a door lock. In addition, the following matters should be noted:

1. the door pocket is checked to have no deformation before the landing door is installed, the door pulley rotates flexibly, and when a landing door leaf is hung, the slide way and the sill groove are cleaned up firstly.

2. When the elevator landing door sill is installed, the height of the elevator landing door sill is required to be 2mm to 5mm higher than the ground level after decoration, and the inclination of the surface of the sill relative to the horizontal plane is not more than 1/1000.

3. The horizontal distance between the elevator car sill and the landing sill should not be greater than 35mm. The deviation of this horizontal distance is 0 to +3mm within the effective opening width.

4. When the landing door pocket is installed, the width error of the doorway is less than 1mm, and the verticality error is less than 1/1000.

5. The gap between the landing door lock device and the car sill should be 5mm to 10mm.

6. After the elevator floor is closed, gaps among the door leaves and among the upright posts, the door lintel and the sill are not larger than 4mm for the passenger elevator; the freight elevator should not be larger than 6mm.

7. After the elevator landing door is installed, attention is paid to finished product protection, and the landing door protective film does not need to be torn off.

8. In the opening and closing process of the elevator landing door, abnormal vibration or impact sound is avoided.

9. When the cage is outside the unlocking area, the landing door self-closing device can automatically close the landing door no matter how the landing door is opened.

10. The depth of engagement of the locking element after the landing door lock is locked is not less than 7mm.

The invention utilizes the traction system of the elevator to provide power, takes the guide rail of the elevator as the guide rail of the platform running in the hoistway to guide so as to realize the lifting of the platform, can complete the installation and construction of the elevator without erecting an in-well scaffold or a special hanging basket, not only saves the time for erecting and dismantling the hoistway scaffold and saves the time and labor for carrying elevator accessories, but also can save the process of expert demonstration and acceptance of the scaffold for the hoistway higher than 50m, thereby greatly saving the installation time of the elevator and improving the construction efficiency. Simultaneously, through changing the high altitude equipment into and accomplishing at the bottom, change the operation of putting on the shelf into operation on the platform, avoid the derrick to collapse, heavy casualties accident such as falling when personnel climb from top to bottom, improved factor of safety. The invention has simple operation, good use effect and easy popularization and use.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An elevator installation construction method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

placing a sample plate frame on the ground in the machine room according to the size of the layout drawing of the machine room and paying off the sample plate frame;

installing traction equipment in the machine room according to the size of a civil engineering drawing and paying-off;

installing a pit platform, and installing a first section of guide rail by using the pit platform;

mounting a car on the first section of guide rail with the traction device;

a top working platform is installed at a top elevator layer door, and a counterweight housing is hoisted through the top working platform;

hanging a steel wire rope, installing a follow-up cable and debugging a slow vehicle;

moving the car with the traction device for remaining car guide rail and counterweight guide rail installation;

and (5) installing a landing door and carrying out express debugging.

2. The elevator installation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the sample plate frame is fixed on the ground in the machine room, the position of the hoistway door surface line is roughly measured by using a tape measure, marks are made, two holes are punched, the door surface sample line is put down, a heavy hammer is hung, and the verticality of a hoistway is measured;

when the sample plate frame is paid off, a car center line, a doorway net width line, a car and a counterweight guide rail center line need to be marked, and the deviation of each position line is less than or equal to 0.2mm.

3. The elevator installation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the traction equipment comprises a supporting beam fixedly arranged on an elevator shaft, a base is arranged on the supporting beam, a control cabinet, a guide wheel, a counterweight rope head device, a speed limiter, a bearing steel beam, a car rope head device and a wire groove are respectively arranged on the base, and a traction machine is arranged on the bearing steel beam.

4. The elevator installation and construction method according to claim 3, wherein: the verticality error and the levelness error of a traction wheel and a guide wheel of the traction machine are both less than or equal to 0.5mm;

deviation between the traction wheel and the positioning point on the sample plate frame and deviation between the guide wheel and the positioning point on the sample plate frame are smaller than or equal to 1mm;

the verticality of the end surface of the rope wheel rim of the speed limiter relative to the horizontal plane is less than or equal to 2/1000;

the total sectional area of the wires in the wire slot is less than or equal to 60% of the sectional area in the wire slot.

5. The elevator installation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: a pit bottom horse groove and a buffer are required to be installed before the first section of guide rail is installed, and a pit ladder and speed governor rope expanding equipment are required to be installed after the first section of guide rail is installed;

the installation of the bottom horse groove is carried out after the waterproof construction of a pit of a building is finished; and the buffer is arranged after the bottom horse groove is in place, and the distance between the stroke of the outer edge of the piston of the buffer and the plumb line is less than or equal to 0.5mm.

6. The elevator installation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the first section of guide rail is installed, the accuracy of the guide rail is adjusted by using a guide ruler, and the accuracy of a main rail RG is ensured to be within +1mm and-1 mm; the guide rail base and the bottom of the guide rail should have a gap of 20-30 mm.

7. The elevator installation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lift car is connected with the first section of guide rail through a fixing clamp, the fixing clamp comprises a back plate which is abutted against the bottom surface of the guide rail, a supporting plate for supporting the lift car and a plurality of clamping blocks are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the back plate, an avoidance groove for the guide rail to pass through is formed in the supporting plate, and the plurality of clamping blocks are detachably and uniformly distributed on two sides of the back plate;

the grip block is the z-shaped, include with the installation department that the backplate is connected and with the clamping part of guide rail joint, the clamping part with connect through butt portion between the installation department.

8. The elevator installation and construction method according to claim 7, wherein: the installation of the car comprises the following steps:

mounting the fixing clamp on the first guide rail;

installing a large lift car frame;

installing safety tongs and guide shoes;

installing a car top diversion sheave;

installing a car surrounding wall;

and (5) installing the car roof.

9. The elevator installation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top layer work platform includes two parallel arrangement's horizontal beam, two the free end of horizontal beam is connected with the tie-beam, two the link of horizontal beam is equipped with the fixed block that is used for connecting the floor, the vertical supporting beam that is equipped with on the fixed block, a supporting beam's top is equipped with the lock piece that is used for joint elevator layer gate upper end inside wall, two supporting beam's upper portion is connected with the entablature, two the landing slab has been laid between the horizontal beam.

10. The elevator installation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the deviation of the car guide rail and the counterweight guide rail provided with safety tongs in every 5m of length relative to the installation reference line is less than or equal to 0.4mm, and the deviation of the car guide rail and the counterweight guide rail provided with safety tongs in every 5m of length relative to the installation reference line is less than or equal to 0.8mm;

a continuous gap cannot be left at a working face joint, and a local gap is smaller than or equal to 0.5mm; the step at the working surface joint is measured by a straight ruler with the straightness of 0.01/300 or other tools and should not be larger than 0.03mm. The gap at the joint of the counterweight guide rail working surface without safety tongs is not more than 1.0mm, and the step at the joint of the working surface is not more than 0.15mm.

The flattening length of the joint of the car guide rail is more than 200mm;

the allowable deviation of the distance between the top surfaces of the car guide rails is 0-1mm; the allowable deviation of the distance between the top surfaces of the counterweight guide rails is 0-2mm.

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