CN115156538B - 一种短道速滑冰刀材料的制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种短道速滑冰刀刀刃材料的制造方法,属于金属材料领域。本发明采用真空气雾化制粉技术制备质量比为C:1.4‑1.5%;Si:1.0‑1.2%;Mn:1.75‑2.25%;V:2.6‑3.5%;Mo:13‑14%;W:6.5‑7%;Cr:3.25‑3.5%;Nb:1.625‑1.75%;Co:0.42‑0.48%;N:0.03‑0.04%;O<0.01%,Mo:W:Cr:Nb比例为8:4:2:1,余量为Fe的球形粉末,粉末的粒度在5‑150μm微米范围内,粉末进行热等静压烧结致密化温度为1150‑1190℃,将烧结后的热等静压锭进行锻造和轧制成板,锻造和热轧的温度为950℃‑1150℃,热轧后板坯的厚度为2‑3mm,板坯进行1170‑1190℃淬火和600‑610℃三次回火处理,得到具有优异的低温冲击韧性和强度的短道速滑冰刀刀刃板坯材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于金属材料领域,涉及一种短道速滑冰刀刀刃材料的制造方法。
背景技术
短道速滑运动员的运动成绩除了与个人的素质和运动技巧相关外,受冰刀的性能影响较大,而冰刀的性能取决于冰刀的结构以及相关材料的性能。刀刃作为冰刀的关键部件,其直接与冰面接触,其性能直接决定了冰刀的性能。理想的短道速滑冰刀刀刃材料要求其具有优异的耐磨性能、耐低温冲击韧性、高抗弯强度、合适的硬度等,目前国内外都在刀刃材料上不断推陈出新,以尽可能降低冰刀刀刃在使用过程中断裂风险以及降低磨刀周期,我们国家对于刀刃材料的研究起步较晚,随着冰雪运动的普及,急需高端冰刀刀刃材料的国产化。
发明内容
本发明的目的制备一种在低温-10℃~-30℃具有高的抗弯强度、冲击韧性、高耐磨的短道速滑冰刀刀刃材料,以尽可能降低冰刀刀刃断裂的风险,提高冰刀使用过程中的安全性和可靠性。
一种短道速滑冰刀刀刃材料的制造方法,其特征在于制备步骤如下:
1)采用真空气雾化制粉技术制备质量比为C:1.4-1.5%;Si:1.0-1.2%;Mn:1.75-2.25%;V:2.6-3.5%;Mo:13-14%;W:6.5-7%;Cr:3.25-3.5%;Nb:1.625-1.75%;Co:0.42-0.48%;N:0.03-0.04%;O<0.01%,Mo:W:Cr:Nb比例为8:4:2:1,余量为Fe的球形金属粉末,粉末的粒度范围为5-150μm;
2)将粉末装入碳钢包套再抽真空至10-3Pa后置于热等静压炉中进行烧结致密化;
3)将烧结后的热等静压锭去掉包套后进行锻造和轧制成板;
4)将热轧板坯进行淬火和回火处理,得到高性能的短道速滑冰刀刀刃材料。
进一步地,步骤2)所述烧结温度为1150-1190℃,烧结压力为120-130MPa,烧结时间为120-150分钟。
进一步地,步骤3)所述锻造和热轧的开始温度1150℃±10℃,终止温度为950℃±10℃,热轧后板坯的厚度为2-3mm。
进一步地,步骤4)所述淬火温度为1170-1190℃,保温20-25分钟后油冷,然后进行600-610℃三次回火处理,保温时间90-120分钟。
本发明设计合金成分的主要机理是,在Fe基体中加入C、Si、Mn、Cr、Mo、W、V、Co、Nb合金元素,通过严格控制各元素的含量和比例,尤其是控制Mo、W、Cr、Nb四种元素的质量比为8:4:2:1,然后通过热处理可以在马氏体板条中形成三种具有高的低温断裂韧性、高硬度的弥散强化相,分别为(Mo2.40Fe2.40W0.78Cr0.25Si0.1V0.05Co0.02)C相,其尺寸小于1微米,含量为26-28wt%;(V0.6Nb0.2Mo0.15W0.05)C相,其尺寸为0.5-1.5微米,含量5-6wt%;(Cr12Fe5Mo3Mn3)C6相,其尺寸小于1微米,含量3-3.5wt%。本发明尽管加入的元素都是常用的元素,但是通过成分设计形成性能相互弥补的强化相,(Mo2.40Fe2.40W0.78Cr0.25Si0.1V0.05Co0.02)C相和(Cr12Fe5Mo3 Mn3)C6相具有高的低温断裂韧性、高的强度和硬度,(V0.6Nb0.2Mo0.15W0.05)C相具有高的硬度和耐磨性,通过这三种相的协同作用,可以保证刀刃具有优异的低温冲击韧性、高的强度和耐磨性,所制备的刀刃材料在-10℃~-30℃温度测试,表现出了优异的综合性能,其抗弯强度大于4900MPa,冲击韧性大于128J/cm2,硬度HRC65-67。
具体实施方式:
实施例1
制备2mm厚的短道速滑冰刀刀刃用板坯材料
第一步,采用真空气雾化制粉技术制备质量比为C:1.45%;Si:1.01%;Mn:2%;Mo:13%;V:3.0%;W:6.5%;Cr:3.25%;Nb:1.625%;Co:0.45%;N:0.03%;O<0.01%,余量为Fe的球形金属粉末。第二步筛取粉末粒度范围为5-150μm的粉末装入碳钢包套中,然后抽真空至10-3Pa,再将包套置于热等静压炉中进行烧结,烧结的温度为1150℃,烧结压力为120MPa,烧结时间为130min。第三步,将第二步得到的热等静压锭去掉表面的包套材料后进行锻造开坯和热轧成板坯,锻造和热轧的开始温度1150℃,终止温度为950℃,经过多道次热轧得到厚度为2mm厚的板坯。第四步,将板坯进行淬火和回火处理,淬火温度为1170℃,保温20分钟后油冷,然后进行三次回火处理,回火温度为600℃,保温90min,即可得到2mm厚的短道速滑冰刀刀刃用板坯材料,经性能测试,在-10℃~-30℃材料硬度达到66HRC,冲击韧性132J/cm2,抗弯强度4950MPa,性能完全满足应用要求。
实施例2
制备3mm厚的冰刀用板坯材料
第一步,采用真空气雾化制粉技术制备质量比为C:1.5%;Si:1.2%;Mn:2.25%;V:3.5%;Mo:14%;W:7%;Cr:3.5%;Nb:1.75%;Co:0.48%;N:0.04%;O<0.01%,余量为Fe的球形金属粉末。第二步筛取粉末粒度范围为5-150μm的粉末装入碳钢包套中,然后抽真空至10-3Pa,再将包套置于热等静压炉中进行烧结,烧结的温度为1190℃,烧结压力为130MPa,烧结时间为120min。第三步,将第二步得到的热等静压锭去掉表面的包套材料后进行锻造开坯和热轧成板坯,锻造和热轧的开始温度1150℃,终止温度为950℃,经过多道次热轧得到厚度为3mm厚的板坯。第四步,将板坯进行淬火和回火处理,淬火温度为1190℃,保温25分钟后油冷,然后进行三次回火处理,回火温度为610℃,保温90min,即可得到3mm厚的短道速滑冰刀刀刃用板坯材料,经性能测试,在-10℃~-30℃材料硬度达到67HRC,冲击韧性130J/cm2,抗弯强度4970MPa,性能完全满足应用要求。
Claims (1)
1.一种短道速滑冰刀刀刃材料的制造方法,其特征在于制备步骤如下:
1)采用真空气雾化制粉技术制备质量比为C:1.4-1.5%; Si:1.0-1.2%;Mn:1.75-2.25%;V:2.6-3.5%; Mo:13-14%;W:6.5-7%;Cr:3.25-3.5%;Nb:1.625-1.75%;Co:0.42-0.48%; N:0.03-0.04%;O<0.01%,Mo:W:Cr:Nb比例为8:4:2:1,余量为Fe的球形金属粉末,粉末的粒度范围为5-150μm;
2)将粉末装入碳钢包套再抽真空至10-3Pa后置于热等静压炉中进行烧结致密化;
3)将烧结后的热等静压锭去掉包套后进行锻造和轧制成板;
4)将热轧板坯进行淬火和回火处理,得到高性能的短道速滑冰刀刀刃材料;
制备方法通过热处理在马氏体板条中形成三种具有高的低温断裂韧性、高硬度的弥散强化相,分别为(Mo2.40Fe2.40W0.78Cr0.25Si0.1V0.05Co0.02)C相,其尺寸小于1微米, 含量为26-28wt%;(V0.6Nb0.2Mo0.15W0.05)C相,其尺寸为0.5-1.5微米,含量5-6wt%;(Cr12Fe5Mo3Mn3)C6相,其尺寸小于1微米,含量3-3.5wt%;其中:
(Mo2.40Fe2.40W0.78Cr0.25Si0.1 V0.05Co0.02)C相和(Cr12Fe5Mo3 Mn3)C6相具有高的低温断裂韧性、高的强度和硬度,(V0.6Nb0.2Mo0.15W0.05)C相具有高的硬度和耐磨性,通过这三种相的协同作用,保证刀刃具有优异的低温冲击韧性、高的强度和耐磨性;所制备的刀刃材料在-10℃~-30℃温度测试,表现出了优异的综合性能,其抗弯强度大于4900MPa,冲击韧性大于128J/cm2,硬度HRC 65-67;
步骤2)所述烧结温度为1150-1190℃,烧结压力为120-130MPa,烧结时间为120-150分钟;
步骤3)所述锻造和热轧的开始温度1150℃±10℃,终止温度为950℃±10℃,热轧后板坯的厚度为2-3mm;
步骤4)所述淬火温度为1170-1190℃,保温20-25分钟后油冷,然后进行600-610℃三次回火处理,保温时间90-120分钟。
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