CN115152804A - 一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115152804A CN115152804A CN202210933943.4A CN202210933943A CN115152804A CN 115152804 A CN115152804 A CN 115152804A CN 202210933943 A CN202210933943 A CN 202210933943A CN 115152804 A CN115152804 A CN 115152804A
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- mite
- artemisinin
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- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- BLUAFEHZUWYNDE-NNWCWBAJSA-N artemisinin Chemical compound C([C@](OO1)(C)O2)C[C@H]3[C@H](C)CC[C@@H]4[C@@]31[C@@H]2OC(=O)[C@@H]4C BLUAFEHZUWYNDE-NNWCWBAJSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229960004191 artemisinin Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclosan Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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- C07C213/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液及其制备方法，属于消毒液技术领域，包括如下重量百分比的原料：聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐1‑2％、植物除螨剂5‑10％、中草药提取物2‑4％、乙醇5‑10％，余量为水。本发明在消毒液中加入了以青蒿素、尤加利提取物和迷迭香提取物为主要成分制得的植物除螨剂，该植物除螨剂具备这三种活性成分的抗菌除螨功效，并通过用自制的助剂和司盘80进行处理，不仅能起到表面活性剂的效果，改善植物提取物消毒液中水基体的相容性，且能赋予植物除螨剂一定的抗菌性能，提高除螨剂的除螨除菌效果；最终获得一种成分均匀、功效稳定的消毒液，且安全无毒、天然环保，具备优异的除螨除菌性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于消毒液技术领域，具体地，涉及一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液及其制备方法。
背景技术
青蒿(ArtemisiaannuaL.)是菊科(Asteraceae)蒿属一年生草本植物黄花蒿的干燥地上部分，味苦，辛性寒，具有清热解毒、抗疟等功效。青蒿的化学成分有青蒿素、青蒿挥发油和青蒿多糖，其中，青蒿素具有抗肿瘤、治疗肺动脉高压、抗糖尿病、胚胎毒性、抗真菌、免疫调节、抗病毒、抗炎、抗肺纤维化、抗菌、心血管作用等多种药理作用，因此，现有技术中多将青蒿素用于制药领域中。但不可忽视的是，青蒿素本身具备一定的抗菌活性和除螨功能，可以将其应用于消毒液中，以提升消毒液的天然性能，符合现代生活对于消毒液的要求。
在日常生活中，螨虫广泛分布于居室的阴暗角落、床单、被褥、枕头、床垫、床板、地毯、沙发、窗帘、空调、毛绒玩具等处，螨虫会使人出现过敏性皮炎、哮喘病、支气管炎、肾炎、过敏性鼻炎等疾病，严重危害人体健康。因此，需要消毒液具备除螨的功能。现有技术中通过在消毒液中加入次氯酸钠、氯酚类(如三氯生、对氯间二甲苯酚(PCMX)、二苯脲类(TCC)等物质进行除螨，但是这些物质都存在一些问题：如次氯酸钠具有强氧化腐蚀性且不稳定，氯酚类和二苯脲类水溶性很差，最后都导致这些产品除螨效果不理想，达不到预期效果；此外，三氯生、对氯间二甲苯酚等原料价格都比较昂贵，经济效益不高。因此，研发出一种安全高效、绿色、安全、经济的抗菌除螨消毒液具有十分重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供了一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿多糖消毒液及其制备方法。
本发明在消毒液中加入了以青蒿素、尤加利提取物和迷迭香提取物为主要成分制得的植物除螨剂，该植物除螨剂具备这三种活性成分的抗菌除螨功效，并通过用自制的助剂和司盘80进行处理，所述的助剂为一种季铵盐，也是一种两亲性的表面活性剂，将其加入植物除螨剂中，不仅能起到表面活性剂的效果，改善植物提取物(亲油性)与消毒液中水基体的相容性，且由于季铵盐具备稳定、持久的抗菌性能，因此还能赋予植物除螨剂一定的抗菌性能，提高除螨剂的除螨除菌效果；最终获得一种成分均匀、功效稳定的消毒液，且安全无毒、天然环保，具备优异的除螨除菌性能。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，包括如下重量百分比的原料：聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐(胍类化合物)1-2％、植物除螨剂5-10％、中草药提取物2-4％、乙醇5-10％，余量为水。
进一步地，中草药提取物为大黄、苍术和苦参按照任意质量比复配所获得的醇提物。
具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液的制备方法，具体如下：
第一步、将中药提取物与乙醇混合溶解均匀后，获得药液；
第二步、按比例将聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐、植物除螨剂、药液和水混合后，分散溶解均匀，获得青蒿多糖消毒液。
进一步地，植物除螨剂通过如下步骤制备：
往烧瓶中依次加入青蒿素、尤加利提取物、迷迭香提取物和百里香氛，混合，于65℃恒温条件下搅拌30min，得到油相；将助剂、司盘80、乙醇和纯水混合，搅拌5min使其分散溶解均匀后，再向其中滴加油相，搅拌10min后，再于2500r/min条件下高速剪切乳化5min，最后静置1h，真空水泵过滤，收集滤液，获得植物除螨剂；
青蒿素、尤加利提取物、迷迭香提取物、百里香氛、助剂、司盘80、乙醇和纯水的用量之比为1g:10g:10g:0.5g:5g:1g:1g:150mL；
上述青蒿提取物、尤加利提取物、迷迭香提取物均为相应的植物经过醇提获得的油相；
青蒿素有广谱的抗菌、抗病毒、抗真菌作用；尤加利中含100多种化合物，经《临床微生物学与传染》等专业医学杂志研究发现，可有效杀死多项致病菌，同时也有抗微生物驱虫的效果；迷迭香中能散发一种令虫子不敢靠近的气味，有杀菌、除螨、驱虫功效，是一种能够除螨的植物；百里香氛为真菌防腐剂；此类植物提取物对灭螨具有一定的功效，且具有抗菌功能，具备天然植物特性，环保、安全，将植物提取物(油溶性)与助剂、司盘80等表面活性剂处理后，形成稳定、均一的微乳，将其加入消毒液中，不仅能赋予消毒液除螨、抗菌等功效，而且使消毒液具备天然、环保的优势，另外，与消毒液中的基体水具备良好的溶解相容性，使活性成分稳定、均匀的分散于水中，促使喷出的消毒液成分均匀、功效稳定，发挥除螨除菌功能。
进一步地，助剂通过如下步骤制备：
S1、将正辛酸和N,N-二甲基葡糖胺加入三口烧瓶中，一边通入氮气一边搅拌，并将三口烧瓶置于油浴锅中进行升温，随后加入次磷酸，将温度升高至140℃，在此温度下回流反应5h，反应结束后，往反应体系中加入饱和碳酸钠溶液，搅拌使二者充分搅拌混合，再往混合液中加入三氯甲烷，待溶液分层，对有机层溶液进行减压蒸馏，除去三氯甲烷，获得中间体；正辛酸、N,N-二甲基葡糖胺、次磷酸的用量之比为1mmol:0.9mmol:0.3g；
在次磷酸的催化作用下，正辛酸和N,N-二甲基葡糖胺分子上的伯醇发生酯化反应，获得中间体，由于控制二者的摩尔比，且N,N-二甲基葡糖胺分子上的伯醇活性最强，所以仅伯醇参与了反应，具体反应方程式如下所示：
S2、将步骤S1制得的中间体、溴乙烷和乙腈加入三口烧瓶中，升高温度至60℃反应3h，旋蒸，获得抗菌剂；中间体、溴乙烷和乙腈的用量之比为34.9g:19.2g:300mL；
采用溴乙烷对中间体进行季铵化，获得助剂；
获得的助剂是一种季铵盐，也是一种两亲性的表面活性剂；一端含有长链烷基(亲油疏水)，一端含有多个极性基团-OH、酯基和季铵盐(亲水疏油)，将其加入植物除螨剂中，不仅能起到表面活性剂的效果，改善植物提取物(亲油性)与消毒液中水基体的相容性，且由于季铵盐具备稳定、持久的抗菌性能，因此还能赋予植物除螨剂一定的抗菌性能，提高除螨剂的除螨除菌效果。
该消毒液的使用方法如下：
将消毒液直接喷洒于物体表面，距离物体表面10-20cm，作用时间2-5min。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明在消毒液中加入了以青蒿素、尤加利提取物和迷迭香提取物为主要成分制得的植物除螨剂，该植物除螨剂具备这三种活性成分的抗菌除螨功效，并通过用自制的助剂和司盘80进行处理，所述的助剂为一种季铵盐，也是一种两亲性的表面活性剂，将其加入植物除螨剂中，不仅能起到表面活性剂的效果，改善植物提取物(亲油性)与消毒液中水基体的相容性，且由于季铵盐具备稳定、持久的抗菌性能，因此还能赋予植物除螨剂一定的抗菌性能，提高除螨剂的除螨除菌效果；最终获得一种成分均匀、功效稳定的消毒液，且安全无毒、天然环保，具备优异的除螨除菌性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
制备助剂：
S1、将10mmol正辛酸和9mmol的N,N-二甲基葡糖胺加入三口烧瓶中，一边通入氮气一边搅拌，并将三口烧瓶置于油浴锅中进行升温，随后加入3g次磷酸，将温度升高至140℃，在此温度下回流反应5h，反应结束后，往反应体系中加入饱和碳酸钠溶液，搅拌使二者充分搅拌混合，再往混合液中加入三氯甲烷，待溶液分层，对有机层溶液进行减压蒸馏，除去三氯甲烷，获得中间体；
S2、将34.9g步骤S1制得的中间体、19.2g溴乙烷和300mL乙腈加入三口烧瓶中，升高温度至60℃反应3h，旋蒸，获得抗菌剂。
实施例2
制备助剂：
S1、将20mmol正辛酸和18mmol的N,N-二甲基葡糖胺加入三口烧瓶中，一边通入氮气一边搅拌，并将三口烧瓶置于油浴锅中进行升温，随后加入6g次磷酸，将温度升高至140℃，在此温度下回流反应5h，反应结束后，往反应体系中加入饱和碳酸钠溶液，搅拌使二者充分搅拌混合，再往混合液中加入三氯甲烷，待溶液分层，对有机层溶液进行减压蒸馏，除去三氯甲烷，获得中间体；
S2、将69.8g步骤S1制得的中间体、38.4g溴乙烷和600mL乙腈加入三口烧瓶中，升高温度至60℃反应3h，旋蒸，获得抗菌剂。
实施例3
植物除螨剂通过如下步骤制备：
往烧瓶中依次加入1g青蒿素、10g尤加利提取物、10g迷迭香提取物和0.5g百里香氛，混合，于65℃恒温条件下搅拌30min，得到油相；将5g实施例1制得的助剂、1g司盘80、1g乙醇和150mL纯水混合，搅拌5min使其分散溶解均匀后，再向其中滴加油相，搅拌10min后，再于2500r/min条件下高速剪切乳化5min，最后静置1h，真空水泵过滤，收集滤液，获得植物除螨剂。
实施例4
植物除螨剂通过如下步骤制备：
往烧瓶中依次加入2g青蒿素、20g尤加利提取物、20g迷迭香提取物和1g百里香氛，混合，于65℃恒温条件下搅拌30min，得到油相；将10g实施例2制得的助剂、2g司盘80、2g乙醇和300mL纯水混合，搅拌5min使其分散溶解均匀后，再向其中滴加油相，搅拌10min后，再于2500r/min条件下高速剪切乳化5min，最后静置1h，真空水泵过滤，收集滤液，获得植物除螨剂。
实施例5
一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，包括如下重量的原料：聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐(胍类化合物)1g、实施例3制得的植物除螨剂5g、中草药提取物2g、乙醇5g、87g水。
具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液的制备方法，具体如下：
第一步、将中药提取物与乙醇混合溶解均匀后，获得药液；
第二步、按比例将聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐、植物除螨剂、药液和水混合后，分散溶解均匀，获得青蒿多糖消毒液。
实施例6
一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，包括如下重量的原料：聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐(胍类化合物)1.5g、实施例3制得的植物除螨剂7.5g、中草药提取物3g、乙醇7.5g、80.5g水。
具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液的制备方法，具体如下：
第一步、将中药提取物与乙醇混合溶解均匀后，获得药液；
第二步、按比例将聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐、植物除螨剂、药液和水混合后，分散溶解均匀，获得青蒿多糖消毒液。
实施例7
一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，包括如下重量的原料：聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐(胍类化合物)2g、实施例4制得的植物除螨剂10g、中草药提取物4g、乙醇10g、74g水。
具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液的制备方法，具体如下：
第一步、将中药提取物与乙醇混合溶解均匀后，获得药液；
第二步、按比例将聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐、植物除螨剂、药液和水混合后，分散溶解均匀，获得青蒿多糖消毒液。
对实施例5-7获得的消毒液，进行如下性能测试：
抑菌性测试：实验方法按照GB/T15979-2012《一次性卫生用品卫生标准》执行；
除螨效果测试：按照NY/T 1151.2-2006《农药登记卫生用杀虫剂室内药效试验方法及评价第2部分：灭螨和驱螨剂》进行；
水溶稳定性：将消毒液于不同储存条件下进行储存(高温50℃、低温-5℃，常温28℃)，观察稳定性；
测得的结果如下表所示：
由上表数据可知，本发明制得的消毒液对于大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌均达到了99％以上，说明本发明制得的消毒液具有优异的除菌功能；制得的消毒液对于螨虫的灭杀率达到了99.5％以上，说明消毒液具备优异的除螨功能；且消毒液在高温50℃、低温-5℃，常温28℃多个不同的环境中进行储存，均是澄清透明、无沉淀产生，说明本发明制得的消毒液具备良好的稳定性；本发明获得一种成分均匀、功效稳定的消毒液，且安全无毒、天然环保，具备优异的除螨除菌性能。
在说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明所作的举例和说明，所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离发明或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，其特征在于，包括如下重量百分比的原料：聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐1-2％、植物除螨剂5-10％、中草药提取物2-4％、乙醇5-10％，余量为水；
其中，所述的植物除螨剂通过如下步骤制备：
往烧瓶中依次加入青蒿素、尤加利提取物、迷迭香提取物和百里香氛，混合，于65℃恒温条件下搅拌30min，得到油相；将助剂、司盘80、乙醇和纯水混合，搅拌5min使其分散溶解均匀后，再向其中滴加油相，搅拌10min后，再于2500r/min条件下高速剪切乳化5min，最后静置1h，真空水泵过滤，收集滤液，获得植物除螨剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，其特征在于，植物除螨剂中青蒿素、尤加利提取物、迷迭香提取物、百里香氛、助剂、司盘80、乙醇和纯水的用量之比为1g:10g:10g:0.5g:5g:1g:1g:150mL；尤加利提取物、迷迭香提取物均为相应的植物经过醇提获得的油相。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，其特征在于，所述的中草药提取物为大黄、苍术和苦参按照任意质量比复配所获得的醇提物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，其特征在于，所述的助剂通过如下步骤制备：
S1、将正辛酸和N,N-二甲基葡糖胺加入三口烧瓶中，一边通入氮气一边搅拌，并将三口烧瓶置于油浴锅中进行升温，随后加入次磷酸，将温度升高至140℃，在此温度下回流反应5h，反应结束后，往反应体系中加入饱和碳酸钠溶液，搅拌使二者充分搅拌混合，再往混合液中加入三氯甲烷，待溶液分层，对有机层溶液进行减压蒸馏，除去三氯甲烷，获得中间体；
S2、将步骤S1制得的中间体、溴乙烷和乙腈加入三口烧瓶中，升高温度至60℃反应3h，旋蒸，获得抗菌剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，其特征在于，步骤S1中正辛酸、N,N-二甲基葡糖胺、次磷酸的用量之比为1mmol:0.9mmol:0.3g。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液，其特征在于，步骤S2中中间体、溴乙烷和乙腈的用量之比为34.9g:19.2g:300mL。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有除螨除菌功能的青蒿素消毒液的制备方法，其特征在于，具体如下：
第一步、将中药提取物与乙醇混合溶解均匀后，获得药液；
第二步、按比例将聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐、植物除螨剂、药液和水混合后，分散溶解均匀，获得青蒿多糖消毒液。
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