CN108419810A - 一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂 - Google Patents

一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂 Download PDF

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CN108419810A
CN108419810A CN201810536732.0A CN201810536732A CN108419810A CN 108419810 A CN108419810 A CN 108419810A CN 201810536732 A CN201810536732 A CN 201810536732A CN 108419810 A CN108419810 A CN 108419810A
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彭利军
徐涛
吕洪飞
高海立
郁吉锋
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Jinhua Tianjian Harmful Biological Control Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,由以下原料组分制备而成:天然除虫菊素,艾草提取物,铁皮石斛叶提取物,植物精油,溶剂,乳化剂,增效剂,防腐剂。本发明公开的杀虫气雾剂可以驱赶和灭杀室内的臭虫、蚊蝇、蟑螂及粮食作物害虫等卫生害虫,对多种致病的细菌、真菌和病毒具有抑制和杀伤作用,并且具有安眠助睡解乏的功效;安全无毒,符合人们对卫生杀虫剂的绿色、环保的要求,适合居住、办公、用餐等场所的卫生害虫防治。

Description

一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,属于日用化工消杀技术领域。
背景技术
家用卫生杀虫剂具有悠久的历史,中国在数千年前即有了用各种天然植物、矿物、烟熏火燎驱杀蚊虫的记载。经过数千年的演变,现在被广泛用于防治蚊虫方面的主要有蚊香、电驱蚊香、液体蚊香、气雾剂、喷雾剂等。但无论是何种形式的杀虫剂,人们首先关注的是其毒性问题。在保证一定作用效果的同时,又要尽量降低其对人畜的安全危害,保证环境友好。
本发明采用的除虫菊素毒性低,对人畜无害,喷出后,短时间内易分解,不会造成环境污染,且害虫不易对除虫菊素产生抗药性,可长时间使用。天然除虫菊素,是由除虫菊花中分离萃取的具有杀虫效果的活性成分。它包括除虫菊素I、除虫菊素II、瓜叶菊素I、瓜叶菊素II、茉酮菊素I、茉酮菊素II等成分。天然除虫菊素见光可慢慢分解成水和CO,因此用其配制的卫生杀虫剂等使用后无残留对人畜无副作用,是国际公认的最安全的无公害天然杀虫剂。
艾草全草可作为杀虫的农药,或熏烟进行房间的消毒、杀虫。其特殊的香味具有驱蚊虫和安眠助睡的功效。艾草的茎和叶子里含有一些可挥发的芳香油,主要的化学成分是水芹烯、β-细辛醚等,经过熏烤以后,就挥发到空气中去,对弥漫在空气中的病菌如白喉、伤寒、结核杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等,都有很强的杀伤力。现代医学的药理研究表明,艾叶是一种广谱的抗菌抗病毒药物,它对好多细菌和病毒具有抑制和杀伤作用,对呼吸系统疾病有一定的防治作用。对常见的致病菌如肺炎球菌、白色及金黄色葡萄球菌、甲型及乙型链球菌、奈瑟氏菌、大肠杆菌、伤寒及副伤寒杆菌、福氏痢疾杆菌、流感杆菌、变形杆菌等均有抑菌作用。
铁皮石斛,被誉为“九大仙草之首”,具有较高的药用价值。有研究发现,其醇提取物也具有广谱的抗菌活性,对多种常见致病菌具有一定抗菌作用,例如大肠杆菌,金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌等。由于其价格昂贵,本发明主要运用铁皮石斛叶的醇提取物作为组分,也起到了相同的药效作用。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
为解决上述问题,本发明提出了一种室内专用的天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,该杀虫气雾剂高效低毒,无残留,对人体安全,环境友好,能够快速杀灭卫生害虫,且对生活中常见的致病菌具有灭杀和抑制作用,适合居住、办公、用餐等场所使用的天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂。
(二)技术方案
本发明的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于包括如下的组分:天然除虫菊素0.1-5.0%,艾草提取物0.1-0.3%,铁皮石斛叶提取物0.3-1.5%,植物精油0.1-0.2%,乳化剂1.0-5.0%,增效剂1.0-5.0%,防腐剂0.6-1.0%,最后用溶剂补齐至100%。所述艾草提取物和铁皮石斛叶提取物均为乙醇提取物;所述植物油为薄荷精油或柠檬草精油;所述乳化剂为吐温80;所述增效剂为胡椒基丁醚;所述防腐剂为水杨酸;所述溶剂为95%乙醇和松脂基植物油或桉叶油的混合物(每100重量份乙醇,含10-40重量份松脂基植物油或桉叶油)。
本发明优选的技术方案为天然除虫菊素3.0%,艾草提取物1.5%,铁皮石斛叶提取物1.0%,植物精油0.15%,乳化剂3.0%,增效剂3.0%,防腐剂0.8%,最后用溶剂补齐至100%。
所述艾草提取物和铁皮石斛叶提取物均为乙醇提取物;所述植物油为薄荷精油或柠檬草精油;所述乳化剂为吐温80;所述增效剂为胡椒基丁醚;所述防腐剂为水杨酸;所述溶剂为95%乙醇和松脂基植物油或桉叶油的混合物(每100重量份乙醇,含10-40重量份松脂基植物油或桉叶油)。
艾草提取物的提取方法为:取艾草全草,粉碎,按固液比1∶12加入体积浓度70%乙醇,进行超声波提取 3次,提取时间分别为60min、40 min、20 min,合并提取液,抽滤后滤液备用。
铁皮石斛叶提取物的提取方法:称取铁皮石斛叶,粉碎机粉碎,过60目筛,按固液比1:30加入70%乙醇,80℃加热回流提取3h,抽滤后,滤液备用。
本发明所述增效剂为胡椒基丁醚,一种广谱性增效剂,与天然除虫菊素合用,可形成络合物,增强其杀菌活性。
本发明所述溶剂为乙醇和松脂基植物油或桉叶油的混合物(每100重量份乙醇,含10-40重量份松脂基植物油或桉叶油)。油类溶剂有助于杀虫剂快速穿透害虫的体表,增强杀虫效果。乙醇,借助其易挥发特性,使喷出的气雾颗粒更小,增加其悬空时间。
具体的制备方法为:将各原料按照配比,依照杀虫气雾剂的常规生产方法,先将除
虫菊素、艾草提取物、铁皮石斛叶提取物和增效剂溶于溶剂中,再加入植物精油,然后加入乳化剂等搅拌,最后加入防腐剂,搅拌,静置,形成均相溶液后即得气雾剂。
(三)有益效果
本发明与现有技术相比较,其具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明所述天然除虫菊素是现有的杀虫剂中毒性最低的产品之一,其见光分解特性,使其可以多次长期使用,不用担心药物残留问题,即使偶然吞咽也会很快代谢。其与另一植物天然成分艾草提取物可以相互助益,提高杀虫效果;
2、所述艾草提取物和铁皮石斛叶提取物对常见的致病菌均有较好的杀菌抑菌效果,两种天然药物提取物共同作用,可有效预防生活中一些常见疾病的发生。且艾草自带的香味有助于安眠解乏的功效。
本发明的创新性在于,以天然的植物成分,不含任何有毒有害化学成分,无毒副作用,无化学残留,并且成本低廉、无任何毒性,对人体不刺激,可长期使用,对苍蝇和蚊子具有良好的杀灭效果,且兼具杀菌抑菌的双重功效。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明,本发明的实施方式包括但不限于下列实施例。
实施例1
一种植物天然成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于包括如下的组分:天然除虫菊素0.1%,艾草提取物0.1%,铁皮石斛叶提取物0.3%,植物精油0.1%,乳化剂1.0-5.0%,增效剂1.0-5.0%,防腐剂0.6-1.0%,最后用溶剂补齐至100%。所述艾草提取物和铁皮石斛叶提取物均为乙醇提取物;所述植物油为薄荷精油或柠檬草精油;所述乳化剂为吐温80;所述增效剂为胡椒基丁醚;所述防腐剂为水杨酸;所述溶剂为95%乙醇和松脂基植物油或桉叶油的混合物(每100重量份乙醇,含10-40重量份松脂基植物油或桉叶油)。
艾草提取物的提取方法为:取艾草全株,粉碎,按固液比1∶12加入体积浓度70%乙醇,进行超声波提取 3次,提取时间分别为60min、40 min、20 min,合并提取液,抽滤后滤液备用。
铁皮石斛叶提取物的提取方法:称取铁皮石斛叶,粉碎机粉碎,过60目筛,按固液比1:30加入70%乙醇,80℃加热回流提取3h,抽滤后,滤液备用。
实施例2
一种植物天然成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于包括如下的组分:天然除虫菊素5.0%,艾草提取物0.3%,铁皮石斛叶提取物1.5%,植物精油0.2%,乳化剂1.0-5.0%,增效剂1.0-5.0%,防腐剂0.6-1.0%,最后用溶剂补齐至100%。所述艾草提取物和铁皮石斛叶提取物均为乙醇提取物;所述植物油为薄荷精油或柠檬草精油;所述乳化剂为吐温80;所述增效剂为胡椒基丁醚;所述防腐剂为水杨酸;所述溶剂为95%乙醇和松脂基植物油或桉叶油的混合物(每100重量份乙醇,含10-40重量份松脂基植物油或桉叶油)。
艾草提取物的提取方法为:取艾草全株,粉碎,按固液比1∶12加入体积浓度70%乙醇,进行超声波提取 3次,提取时间分别为60min、40 min、20 min,合并提取液,抽滤后滤液备用。
铁皮石斛叶提取物的提取方法:称取铁皮石斛叶,粉碎机粉碎,过60目筛,按固液比1:30加入70%乙醇,80℃加热回流提取3h,抽滤后,滤液备用。
实施例3
一种植物天然成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于包括如下的组分:天然除虫菊素3.0%,艾草提取物1.5%,铁皮石斛叶提取物1.0%,植物精油0.15%,乳化剂3.0%,增效剂3.0%,防腐剂0.8%,最后用溶剂补齐至100%。所述艾草提取物和铁皮石斛叶提取物均为乙醇提取物;所述植物油为薄荷精油或柠檬草精油;所述乳化剂为吐温80;所述增效剂为胡椒基丁醚;所述防腐剂为水杨酸;所述溶剂为95%乙醇和松脂基植物油或桉叶油的混合物(每100重量份乙醇,含10-40重量份松脂基植物油或桉叶油)。
艾草提取物的提取方法为:取艾草全株,粉碎,按固液比1∶12加入体积浓度70%乙醇,进行超声波提取 3次,提取时间分别为60min、40 min、20 min,合并提取液,抽滤后滤液备用。
铁皮石斛叶提取物的提取方法:称取铁皮石斛叶,粉碎机粉碎,过60目筛,按固液比1:30加入70%乙醇,80℃加热回流提取3h,抽滤后,滤液备用。
本发明的创新性在于,以天然的植物成分,不含任何有毒有害化学成分,无毒副作用,无化学残留,并且成本低廉、无任何毒性,对人体不刺激,可长期使用,对苍蝇和蚊子具有良好的杀灭效果,且兼具杀菌抑菌的双重功效。
上面所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述,并非对本发明的构思和范围进行限定。在不脱离本发明设计构思的前提下,本领域普通人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变型和改进,均应落入到本发明的保护范围,本发明请求保护的技术内容,已经全部记载在权利要求书中。

Claims (11)

1.一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:按重量百分比计,所述杀虫气雾剂包括如下的组分:天然除虫菊素0.1-5.0%,艾草提取物0.1-0.3%,铁皮石斛叶提取物0.3-1.5%,植物精油0.1-0.2%,乳化剂1.0-5.0%,增效剂1.0-5.0%,防腐剂0.6-1.0%,最后用溶剂补齐至100%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所述的艾草提取物为乙醇提取物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所述的铁皮石斛叶提取物为乙醇提取物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所述的植物精油为薄荷精油或柠檬草精油。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所述的乳化剂为吐温80。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所述的增效剂为胡椒基丁醚。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所述的防腐剂为水杨酸。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所述的溶剂为乙醇和松脂基植物油或桉叶油的混合物,每100重量份乙醇,含10-40重量份松脂基植物油或桉叶油。
9.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所用乙醇浓度为70%。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所述的乙醇为95%乙醇。
11.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然植物成分复合生物杀虫气雾剂,其特征在于:所述的杀虫气雾剂组分为天然除虫菊素,艾草醇提取,铁皮石斛叶醇提物,薄荷精油或柠檬草精油,吐温80,胡椒基丁醚,水杨酸,95%乙醇和松脂基植物油或桉叶油(每100重量份乙醇,含10-40重量份松脂基植物油或桉叶油)。
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CN110338197A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-10-18 西藏阿木达草本科技有限公司 一种植物型杀菌除螨素及制备方法
CN111296507A (zh) * 2020-03-19 2020-06-19 江苏瑞丰科技实业有限公司 一种高效除蚊蝇喷剂
CN112125731A (zh) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-25 河南省科学院 一种植物源多功能液体药肥及其制备方法

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