CN115137014A - Medicine and food homology based Xiasangju extract and application of animal nutrition preparation - Google Patents
Medicine and food homology based Xiasangju extract and application of animal nutrition preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN115137014A CN115137014A CN202210561744.5A CN202210561744A CN115137014A CN 115137014 A CN115137014 A CN 115137014A CN 202210561744 A CN202210561744 A CN 202210561744A CN 115137014 A CN115137014 A CN 115137014A
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- xiasangju
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
- A61K36/287—Chrysanthemum, e.g. daisy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
- A61K36/536—Prunella or Brunella (selfheal)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/60—Moraceae (Mulberry family), e.g. breadfruit or fig
- A61K36/605—Morus (mulberry)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/19—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving fermentation using yeast, bacteria or both; enzymatic treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/53—Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a medicine-food homology-based Xiasangju extract and an application of an animal nutrition preparation, and belongs to the technical field of animal feed. The invention adopts 'water extraction and alcohol precipitation' in the process of producing the mulberry chrysanthemum granules as raw materials, obtains the mulberry chrysanthemum extract such as oligosaccharide prebiotics after directional treatment, and prepares the animal nutrition preparation after being matched with the mulberry chrysanthemum solid waste residue and auxiliary materials for fermentation, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling the traditional Chinese medicine waste, reducing the waste of resources and having important significance for the virtuous circle development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed, and particularly relates to a medical and edible common selfheal fruit-spike extract and an application of an animal nutrition preparation.
Background
The processed preparation has the effects of clearing liver and improving vision, dispelling wind and clearing heat, eliminating damp arthralgia and removing sore toxin, can be used for treating wind-heat type common cold, conjunctival congestion and headache, hypertension, dizziness and tinnitus, sore throat, furuncle and pyogenic infections and can be used as a cool beverage. Researches show that the Xiasangju extract contains a large amount of flavonoid compounds and has the activities of reducing blood sugar, blood pressure, blood fat, atherosclerosis and the like. In addition, the Xiasangju also has the effects of scavenging free radicals, diminishing inflammation, inhibiting viruses and the like, for example, the application of the Xiasangju in preparing the medicine for preventing and treating dengue fever is disclosed in the patent CN 201610345710.7; patent CN202010876776.5 discloses the use of a senna extract for inhibiting human coronavirus.
The Chinese medicinal waste refers to biological tissues and organs which are not developed and utilized in the processes of medicinal material production, decoction piece processing, chinese medicinal extract preparation and the like, and is usually a mixture of extracted roots, stems, leaves, animal residues, mineral medicines and the like of plants. The Chinese medicinal waste contains crude fiber, crude fat, starch, saccharide, various trace elements, and certain bioactive substances, and has high nutritive and medicinal values. With the rapid development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, the discharge of traditional Chinese medicine wastes is gradually increased. The traditional Chinese medicine waste treatment mainly adopts direct stacking, landfill or incineration and other modes, which not only causes resource waste, but also easily causes pollution to the surrounding environment. Therefore, the recycling, harmless and high-value treatment of the Chinese medicinal wastes becomes a major problem in the Chinese medicinal industry. For example, patent cn201610549187.x discloses a sheep feed comprising soybean meal, detoxified rape-seed cake, fermented soybean dregs, corn distiller's grains, chinese medicinal dregs, corn bran, sunflower head, salt, trace elements, vitamins, etc. Patent CN201810152835.7 discloses a method for preparing ethanol by using traditional Chinese medicine solid waste through secondary fermentation, which comprises the steps of inoculating fungi which can be used as both medicine and food on a traditional Chinese medicine solid waste substrate, growing the fungi on the substrate, and fermenting completely to obtain solid primary fermentation mycoplasm of the traditional Chinese medicine solid waste, adding sticky rice and water into the solid fermentation mycoplasm of the traditional Chinese medicine solid waste according to a certain proportion, boiling, and performing secondary fermentation by using distiller's yeast to obtain an ethanol aqueous solution containing fermentation mycoplasm components, wherein the ethanol aqueous solution can be used for extracting ethanol from the ethanol and can also be directly processed into medicinal liquor or health care wine, and meanwhile, after the vinasse after secondary fermentation is processed, livestock can be used as a feed additive to be added into livestock feed, so that the feed with better taste and more acceptable for livestock can be obtained.
In addition, when the traditional Chinese medicine granule is produced, in order to ensure the uniform and stable quality of the product, the traditional Chinese medicine materials subjected to water extraction are required to be subjected to alcohol precipitation, supernatant subjected to alcohol precipitation is used as a raw material for producing the traditional Chinese medicine granules, alcohol precipitates are waste, and the waste contains abundant components such as polysaccharide, polyphenol, flavonoid and the like. In production, the wastes are usually directly discharged, so that the resource waste is caused, and meanwhile, the ecological environment is greatly damaged.
Therefore, how to adopt scientific and effective technology and method to carry out deep processing on the traditional Chinese medicine waste has important significance for recycling the traditional Chinese medicine waste.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a Xiasangju extract based on medicine and food homology and an application of an animal nutrition preparation. The invention adopts 'water extraction and alcohol precipitation' in the process of producing the mulberry chrysanthemum granules as raw materials, obtains the mulberry chrysanthemum extract such as oligosaccharide prebiotics after directional treatment, and prepares the animal nutrition preparation after being matched with the mulberry chrysanthemum solid waste residue and auxiliary materials for fermentation, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling the traditional Chinese medicine waste, reducing the waste of resources and having important significance for the virtuous circle development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a mulberry chrysanthemum oligosaccharide prebiotic, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Diluting: diluting the water extract and alcohol precipitate of the Xiasangju;
(2) Enzymolysis: and (2) performing enzymolysis and membrane separation on the water-extracted and alcohol-precipitated summerherb chrysanthemum diluted in the step (1) to obtain the small-molecular summerherb chrysanthemum oligosaccharide prebiotics.
Specifically, the water and alcohol extract of the summer mulberry chrysanthemum in the step (1) is diluted by water, and the concentration of the diluted polysaccharide is 0.5-50mg/mL.
Specifically, the enzymolysis in step (2) includes performing a pectinase enzymolysis process, a cellulase enzymolysis process and a carbohydrase enzymolysis process in sequence.
More specifically, the enzymolysis process of the pectinase is to carry out enzymolysis for 10-30min by adopting the pectinase at 35-65 ℃; the concentration of the pectinase is 400-600U/mL, preferably 500U/mL.
More specifically, the enzymolysis process of the cellulase is to adopt the cellulase to carry out enzymolysis for 30-60min at the temperature of 40-50 ℃; the concentration of the cellulase is 900-1100U/mL, preferably 1000U/mL.
More specifically, the saccharification enzymatic hydrolysis process adopts saccharifying enzyme for enzymolysis for 2-5h at 30-55 ℃; the concentration of the saccharifying enzyme is 400-600U/mL, preferably 500U/mL.
Specifically, the membrane separation in the step (2) is to separate the solution after enzymolysis through an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 10kDa, remove macromolecular substances, and take effluent liquid to obtain the xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics smaller than 10 kDa.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a Xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics which is prepared by the preparation method.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing an animal nutrition preparation containing a helichrysum extract, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Drying and crushing: taking the Xiasangju herb residue as a raw material, drying and crushing the raw material to prepare crushed residue;
(2) Fermenting aspergillus: spraying appropriate amount of water to make water content reach 35-45%, adding 0.5-10% of XIASANGJU oligosaccharide prebiotics smaller than 10kDa based on total weight of the residue, inoculating Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, and fermenting for 1-3 days;
(3) Adding auxiliary materials: uniformly mixing auxiliary materials including bean pulp, glucose and protein powder according to the proportion of 60-80%, 10-20% and 10-20%, uniformly mixing the auxiliary materials including fermented products according to a ratio of 3;
(4) And (3) drying: drying at 30-60 deg.C for 1-10 hr after fermentation to obtain XIASANGJU animal nutrition preparation.
Specifically, the fineness of the slag in the step (1) is 3-5mm.
Specifically, the number of colonies of Aspergillus niger described in the step (2) is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, preferably 10 3 cfu/mL; the colony number of the Aspergillus oryzae is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, preferably 10 3 cfu/mL。
Specifically, the colony count of the lactic acid bacteria in the step (3) is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, preferably 10 3 cfu/mL; the colony number of the yeast is 10 3 -10 5 cfu/mL, preferably 10 4 cfu/mL; the colony number of the bacillus is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, preferably 10 3 cfu/mL。
Further specifically, the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria to the yeast to the bacillus is as follows: 1-3.5:3-6:2-5.
In another aspect, the invention also provides a mulberry chrysanthemum extract animal nutrition preparation which is prepared by the preparation method.
Specifically, the animal nutrition preparation also comprises additives.
Further specifically, the additives include, but are not limited to: essence, spice, colorant, sweetener, sour agent, freshener, emulsifier, thickener, antiseptic, antioxidant, composite flavoring agent, nutrition enhancer, etc.
In another aspect, the invention also provides application of the mulberry chrysanthemum oligosaccharide prebiotics or the mulberry chrysanthemum extract animal nutrition preparation in preparing animal feed.
In another aspect, the invention also provides an animal feed, which comprises the mulberry chrysanthemum oligosaccharide prebiotics or the mulberry chrysanthemum extract animal nutrition preparation.
In another aspect, the invention also provides a method for feeding animals, wherein the method comprises feeding the animals by using the animal feed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention adopts 'water extraction and alcohol precipitation' in the process of producing the mulberry chrysanthemum granules as raw materials, obtains the mulberry chrysanthemum extract such as oligosaccharide prebiotics after directional treatment, prepares the animal nutrition preparation after being matched with the mulberry chrysanthemum solid waste residue and auxiliary materials for fermentation, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling the traditional Chinese medicine waste, reducing the waste of resources, having important significance for the virtuous circle development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry and being suitable for large-scale application and popularization.
(2) The mulberry chrysanthemum extract animal nutrition preparation prepared by the solid waste residue and the 'water extraction and alcohol precipitation' of the mulberry chrysanthemum has the function of synergy, can obviously reduce the content of serum triglyceride of animals, and improves the disease resistance of the animals.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated in detail with reference to the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention but are merely illustrative thereof. The experimental methods used in the following examples are not specifically described, and the materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are generally commercially available under the usual conditions without specific descriptions.
In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a method for preparing a senecio cineraria oligosaccharide prebiotic, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Diluting: diluting the water extract and alcohol precipitate of the Xiasangju.
Wherein, the water and alcohol precipitates of the Xiasangju are diluted by water, and the concentration of the diluted polysaccharide is 0.5-50mg/mL.
In one embodiment, the above-described diluted polysaccharide concentration may be, but is not limited to, 0.5mg/mL, 1mg/mL, 5mg/mL, 10mg/mL, 15mg/mL, 20mg/mL, 25mg/mL, 30mg/mL, 35mg/mL, 40mg/mL, 45mg/mL, or 50mg/mL.
(2) Enzymolysis: and (2) carrying out enzymolysis and membrane separation on the water-extracted alcohol precipitate of the mulberry chrysanthemum diluted in the step (1) to obtain the micromolecule oligosaccharide prebiotics of the mulberry chrysanthemum.
Wherein, the enzymolysis comprises a pectinase enzymolysis process, a cellulase enzymolysis process and a saccharification enzyme enzymolysis process which are sequentially carried out.
The enzymolysis process of the pectinase is to carry out enzymolysis for 10-30min by adopting the pectinase at the temperature of 35-65 ℃; the concentration of the pectinase is 400-600U/mL, and the concentration of the pectinase can be 400U/mL, 450U/mL, 500U/mL, 550U/mL or 600U/mL; the enzymolysis temperature can be 35 deg.C, 36 deg.C, 37 deg.C, 38 deg.C, 39 deg.C, 40 deg.C, 41 deg.C, 42 deg.C, 43 deg.C, 44 deg.C, 45 deg.C, 46 deg.C, 47 deg.C, 48 deg.C, 49 deg.C, 50 deg.C, 51 deg.C, 52 deg.C, 53 deg.C, 54 deg.C, 55 deg.C, 56 deg.C, 57 deg.C, 58 deg.C, 59 deg.C, 61 deg.C, 62 deg.C, 63 deg.C, 64 deg.C or 65 deg.C; the enzymolysis time can be 10min, 12min, 14min, 16min, 18min, 20min, 22min, 24min, 26min, 28min or 30min.
The enzymolysis process of the cellulase is to carry out enzymolysis for 30 to 60min by adopting the cellulase at the temperature of between 40 and 50 ℃; the concentration of the cellulase is 900-1100U/mL, and the concentration of the cellulase can be 900U/mL, 950U/mL, 1000U/mL, 1050U/mL or 1100U/mL; the enzymolysis temperature can be 40 deg.C, 41 deg.C, 42 deg.C, 43 deg.C, 44 deg.C, 45 deg.C, 46 deg.C, 47 deg.C, 48 deg.C, 49 deg.C or 50 deg.C; the enzymolysis time can be 30min, 32min, 34min, 36min, 38min, 40min, 42min, 44min, 46min, 48min, 50min, 52min, 54min, 56min, 58min or 60min.
The saccharifying enzyme enzymolysis process adopts saccharifying enzyme to carry out enzymolysis for 2-5h at the temperature of 30-55 ℃; the concentration of the saccharifying enzyme is 400-600U/mL, and the concentration of the saccharifying enzyme can be 400U/mL, 450U/mL, 500U/mL, 550U/mL or 600U/mL; the enzymolysis temperature can be 30 deg.C, 31 deg.C, 32 deg.C, 33 deg.C, 34 deg.C, 35 deg.C, 36 deg.C, 37 deg.C, 38 deg.C, 39 deg.C, 40 deg.C, 41 deg.C, 42 deg.C, 43 deg.C, 44 deg.C, 45 deg.C, 46 deg.C, 47 deg.C, 48 deg.C, 49 deg.C, 50 deg.C, 51 deg.C, 52 deg.C, 53 deg.C, 54 deg.C or 55 deg.C; the enzymolysis time can be 2h, 2.2h, 2.4h, 2.6h, 2.8h, 3h, 3.2h, 3.4h, 3.6h, 3.8h, 4h, 4.2h, 4.4h, 4.6h, 4.8h or 5h.
Wherein, the membrane separation is to separate the solution after enzymolysis through an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 10kDa, remove macromolecular substances, and take effluent liquid to obtain the xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics smaller than 10 kDa.
In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a method for preparing a morus alba extract animal nutrition formulation, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Drying and crushing: taking the Xiasangju herb residue as a raw material, drying and crushing the raw material to prepare crushed residue;
wherein the fineness of the slag is 3-5mm, and can be 3mm, 4mm or 5mm.
(2) Fermenting by using aspergillus: spraying appropriate amount of water to make water content reach 35-45%, adding 0.5-10% of XIASANGJU oligosaccharide prebiotics less than 10kDa based on total weight of the residue, inoculating Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, and fermenting for 1-3 days;
wherein the moisture content may be 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44% or 45%.
Wherein the colony count of Aspergillus nigerIs 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, the number of the Aspergillus niger colonies can be 10 2 cfu/mL、10 3 cfu/mL or 10 4 cfu/mL; the colony number of the Aspergillus oryzae is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, the colony number of the Aspergillus oryzae may be 10 2 cfu/mL、10 3 cfu/mL or 10 4 cfu/mL。
(3) Adding auxiliary materials: uniformly mixing soybean meal, glucose and protein powder according to the proportion of 60-80%, 10-20% and 10-20%, uniformly mixing auxiliary materials, namely uniformly mixing fermented products according to a ratio of 3;
wherein the colony number of the lactobacillus is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, the colony number of the lactic acid bacteria can be 10 2 cfu/mL、10 3 cfu/mL or 10 4 cfu/mL; the colony number of the yeast is 10 3 -10 5 cfu/mL, the colony number of the yeast can be 10 3 cfu/mL、10 4 cfu/mL or 10 5 cfu/mL; the colony number of the bacillus is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, the number of colonies of the Bacillus may be 10 2 cfu/mL、10 3 cfu/mL or 10 4 cfu/mL。
The mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria to the yeast to the bacillus is as follows: 1-3.5:3-6:2-5.
(4) Drying: drying at 30-60 deg.C for 1-10 hr after fermentation to obtain XIASANGJU animal nutrition preparation.
Wherein the drying temperature can be 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃,45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55 ℃ or 60 ℃; the drying time is 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.5h, 5h, 5.5h, 6h, 6.5h, 7h, 7.5h, 8h, 8.5h, 9h, 9.5h or 10h.
The strain information used in the following examples is as follows: aspergillus niger is GDMCC 3.24, aspergillus oryzae is GDMCC 3.236, lactic acid bacteria is GDMCC 1.208, yeast is GDMCC 2.148, and Bacillus is BNCC188062.
Example 1A Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation
1. Preparation of Xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics
(1) Diluting: the polysaccharide concentration of the water extract and alcohol precipitate of the ethanol-recovered summer mulberry chrysanthemum is measured by a sulfuric acid-phenol method, and the polysaccharide concentration is properly diluted by water to reach 0.5-50mg/mL.
(2) Enzymolysis: performing enzymolysis with pectinase (500U/mL) at 50 deg.C for 20min, performing enzymolysis with cellulase (1000U/mL) at 45 deg.C for 40min, and performing enzymolysis with diastase (500U/mL) at 40 deg.C for 3h. Heating at 80 deg.C for 15min to inactivate enzyme. The step aims to degrade macromolecular water and alcohol precipitates of the mulberry chrysanthemum into micromolecular oligosaccharide prebiotics of the mulberry chrysanthemum.
(3) Membrane separation: separating the solution with ultrafiltration membrane with molecular weight cutoff of 10kDa, removing macromolecular substances, and collecting effluent. This step aims to obtain a less than 10kDa oligosaccharide prebiotic of xia sang ju.
2. Preparation of Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation
(1) Drying and crushing: taking the decoction dregs of the summer mulberry chrysanthemum as raw materials, drying and then crushing to prepare crushed dregs with the fineness of 3-5mm;
(2) Fermenting by using aspergillus: spraying appropriate amount of water to make water content reach 40%, adding 5% of XIASANGJU oligosaccharide prebiotics smaller than 10kDa based on total weight of the residue, inoculating Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, and fermenting for 2d; wherein the number of colonies of Aspergillus niger is 10 3 cfu/mL, number of colonies of Aspergillus oryzae 10 3 cfu/mL。
(3) Adding auxiliary materials: uniformly mixing soybean meal, glucose and protein powder according to the proportion of 70%, 15% and 15%, uniformly mixing auxiliary materials, namely uniformly mixing fermented products according to a ratio of 3; wherein the colony number of lactobacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL, the colony number of the yeast is 10 4 cfu/mL, the colony number of the bacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL。
(4) Drying: and after the fermentation is finished, drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to prepare the Xiasangju animal nutrition preparation.
Comparative example 1A Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation
Preparing an animal nutrition preparation of the Xiasangju extract:
(1) Drying and crushing: taking the herb residues of the summer mulberry chrysanthemum as raw materials, drying and crushing the herb residues to prepare crushed residues, wherein the fineness of the crushed residues is 3-5mm;
(2) Fermenting by using aspergillus: spraying appropriate amount of water to make water content reach 40%, inoculating Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, and fermenting for 2d; wherein the number of colonies of Aspergillus niger is 10 3 cfu/mL, number of colonies of Aspergillus oryzae 10 3 cfu/mL。
(3) Adding auxiliary materials: uniformly mixing soybean meal, glucose and protein powder according to the proportion of 70%, 15% and 15%, inoculating 2.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 5 parts of saccharomycetes and 3 parts of bacillus, and performing moisture preservation and fermentation for 6 days; wherein the colony number of lactobacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL, the colony number of the yeast is 10 4 cfu/mL, the colony number of the bacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL。
(4) Drying: and after the fermentation is finished, drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to prepare the Xiasangju animal nutrition preparation.
Comparative example 2A Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation
1. Preparation of Xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics
(1) Diluting: the polysaccharide concentration of the water extract and alcohol precipitate of the ethanol-recovered summer mulberry chrysanthemum is measured by a sulfuric acid-phenol method, and the polysaccharide concentration is properly diluted by water to reach 0.5-50mg/mL.
(2) Enzymolysis: performing enzymolysis with pectinase (500U/mL) at 50 deg.C for 20min, performing enzymolysis with cellulase (1000U/mL) at 45 deg.C for 40min, and performing enzymolysis with diastase (500U/mL) at 40 deg.C for 3h. Heating at 80 deg.C for 15min to inactivate enzyme. The step aims to degrade macromolecular water and alcohol precipitates of the mulberry chrysanthemum into micromolecular oligosaccharide prebiotics of the mulberry chrysanthemum.
(3) Membrane separation: separating the solution with ultrafiltration membrane with molecular weight cutoff of 10kDa, removing macromolecular substances, and collecting effluent. This step aims to obtain Xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics of less than 10 kDa.
2. Preparation of Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation
(1) Fermenting aspergillus: inoculating Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae into the above XIASANGJU oligosaccharide prebiotics, and fermenting for 2d; wherein the number of colonies of Aspergillus niger is 10 3 cfu/mL, number of colonies of Aspergillus oryzae 10 3 cfu/mL。
(3) Adding auxiliary materials: uniformly mixing soybean meal, glucose and protein powder according to the proportion of 70%, 15% and 15%, uniformly mixing auxiliary materials, namely uniformly mixing fermented products according to a ratio of 3; wherein the colony number of lactobacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL, the colony number of the yeast is 10 4 cfu/mL, the colony number of the bacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL。
(4) Drying: and after the fermentation is finished, drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to prepare the Xiasangju animal nutrition preparation.
Comparative example 3A Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation
Compared with example 1, the difference of the comparative example is 1. Preparation of the Xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics, step (2) enzymolysis: performing enzymolysis with amylase (500U/mL) at 40 deg.C for 20min, performing enzymolysis with lipase (1000U/mL) at 50 deg.C for 40min, and performing enzymolysis with xylanase (500U/mL) at 45 deg.C for 3h. The rest of the procedure was exactly the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4A Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that 2. In the preparation of the Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation, the strain fermentation in step (2): spraying appropriate amount of water to make water content reach 40%, adding 5% of XIASANGJU oligosaccharide prebiotics smaller than 10kDa based on total weight of the residue, inoculating 2.5 parts of lactobacillus, 5 parts of yeast and 3 parts of Bacillus, and fermenting for 2d; wherein the colony number of lactobacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL, the colony number of the yeast is 10 4 cfu/mL, the colony number of the bacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL. (3) fermenting by using aspergillus: the soybean meal, the glucose and the protein powder are mixed according to the proportion of 70 percent and 15 percentAnd 15 percent of the mixture, adding the mixture into the fermentation product, uniformly mixing the fermentation product according to the ratio of 3; wherein the number of Aspergillus niger colonies is 10 3 cfu/mL, number of colonies of Aspergillus oryzae 10 3 cfu/mL. The remaining procedure was exactly the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5A Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation
1. Preparation of Xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics
(1) Diluting: the polysaccharide concentration of the water extract and alcohol precipitate of the ethanol-recovered summer mulberry chrysanthemum is measured by a sulfuric acid-phenol method, and the polysaccharide concentration is properly diluted by water to reach 0.5-50mg/mL.
(2) Enzymolysis: performing enzymolysis with pectinase (500U/mL) at 50 deg.C for 20min, performing enzymolysis with cellulase (1000U/mL) at 45 deg.C for 40min, and performing enzymolysis with diastase (500U/mL) at 40 deg.C for 3h. Heating at 80 deg.C for 15min to inactivate enzyme. The step aims to degrade macromolecular water extract and alcohol precipitate of the mulberry chrysanthemum into micromolecular oligosaccharide prebiotics of the mulberry chrysanthemum.
(3) Membrane separation: separating the solution with ultrafiltration membrane with molecular weight cutoff of 10kDa, removing macromolecular substances, and collecting effluent. This step aims to obtain a less than 10kDa oligosaccharide prebiotic of xia sang ju.
2. Preparation of Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation
(1) Drying and crushing: drying and crushing isatis root dregs serving as raw materials to prepare crushed dregs with the fineness of 3-5mm;
(2) Fermenting by using aspergillus: spraying proper amount of water until the water content reaches 40%, adding 5% of Xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics less than 10kDa based on the total weight of the residue, inoculating Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, and fermenting for 2d; wherein the number of colonies of Aspergillus niger is 10 3 cfu/mL, number of colonies of Aspergillus oryzae 10 3 cfu/mL。
(3) Adding auxiliary materials: uniformly mixing soybean meal, glucose and albumen powder according to the proportion of 70%, 15% and 15%, uniformly mixing auxiliary materials, namely, uniformly mixing fermented products according to the proportion of 3Adding less than 10kDa XIASANGJU oligosaccharide prebiotics 10% of the total mass of the mixture, inoculating lactobacillus 2.5 parts, yeast 5 parts and Bacillus 3 parts, and fermenting for 6 days while keeping moisture; wherein the number of colonies of lactic acid bacteria is 10 3 cfu/mL, the colony number of the yeast is 10 4 cfu/mL, the colony number of the bacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL。
(4) Drying: and after the fermentation is finished, drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to prepare the Xiasangju animal nutrition preparation.
Comparative example 6 an animal nutritional preparation
(1) Uniformly mixing soybean meal, glucose and protein powder according to the proportion of 70%, 15% and 15%, inoculating 2.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 5 parts of saccharomycetes and 3 parts of bacillus simultaneously, and carrying out moisture preservation and fermentation for 6 days; wherein the colony number of lactobacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL, the colony number of the yeast is 10 4 cfu/mL, the colony number of the bacillus is 10 3 cfu/mL。
(2) Drying: and after the fermentation is finished, drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to prepare the animal nutrition preparation.
Experimental example 1 feeding effect test
The nutritional formulations of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were mixed with conventional basal feeds (conventional formula: corn flour 62%, soybean meal 20%, rice bran 15%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.2%, shell powder 0.8%, salt 0.35%, and premix (containing trace elements, vitamins, non-nutritional additives, etc.) 0.65%) at a ratio of 20% of the total mixed feed. Selecting multiparous sows with the gestational age of 2, randomly dividing the sows into an example group and a comparative example group, and 10 sows in each group. The test period is 30 days, collecting sow blood through anterior vena cava on 30 days of test, centrifuging at 2000r/min for 5min, separating out serum, and storing. The content determination and result calculation of biochemical and immunological indexes in all serum samples are performed with reference to the instructions of the respective test kits. The results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
The concentration of serum Triglyceride (TG) is inversely related to animal hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetes, nephropathy, fatty liver and the like, and the excessive content of TG in the animal blood is not beneficial to the health of the animal.
The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of serum is positively correlated with the antioxidant function of animals, and when the animals are in a better antioxidant state, the production performance of the animals can be improved.
Higher serum IgM, igA and IgG 3 immunoglobulin levels enhance disease resistance in animals.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A preparation method of oligosaccharide prebiotics of mulberry and chrysanthemum is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Diluting: diluting the water extract and alcohol precipitate of the Xiasangju;
(2) Enzymolysis: and (2) carrying out enzymolysis and membrane separation on the water-extracted alcohol precipitate of the mulberry chrysanthemum diluted in the step (1) to obtain the micromolecule oligosaccharide prebiotics of the mulberry chrysanthemum.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the water-extraction alcohol-precipitation extract of the Xiasangju in the step (1) is diluted by water, and the concentration of the diluted polysaccharide is 0.5-50mg/mL.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the enzymolysis in the step (2) comprises a pectinase enzymolysis process, a cellulase enzymolysis process and a saccharification enzyme enzymolysis process which are sequentially carried out.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the enzymolysis process of the pectinase is to carry out enzymolysis for 10-30min by adopting the pectinase at the temperature of 35-65 ℃; the concentration of the pectinase is 400-600U/mL;
the enzymolysis process of the cellulase is to carry out enzymolysis for 30 to 60min by adopting the cellulase at the temperature of between 40 and 50 ℃; the concentration of the cellulase is 900-1100U/mL;
the saccharifying enzyme enzymolysis process adopts saccharifying enzyme to carry out enzymolysis for 2-5h at the temperature of 30-55 ℃; the concentration of the saccharifying enzyme is 400-600U/mL.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (3) the membrane separation in the step (2) is to separate the solution after the enzymolysis through an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 10kDa, remove macromolecular substances, and take effluent liquid to obtain the xiasangju oligosaccharide prebiotics with the molecular weight cutoff of less than 10 kDa.
6. The oligosaccharide prebiotics of the mulberry and chrysanthemum are characterized in that: the oligosaccharide prebiotics of the Xiasangju are prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-5.
7. A preparation method of a Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying and crushing: taking the Xiasangju herb residue as a raw material, drying and crushing the raw material to prepare crushed residue;
(2) Fermenting by using aspergillus: spraying appropriate amount of water to make water content reach 35-45%, adding 0.5-10% of XIASANGJU oligosaccharide prebiotics smaller than 10kDa based on total weight of the residue, inoculating Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, and fermenting for 1-3 days;
(3) Adding auxiliary materials: uniformly mixing auxiliary materials including bean pulp, glucose and protein powder according to the proportion of 60-80%, 10-20% and 10-20%, uniformly mixing the auxiliary materials including fermented products according to a ratio of 3;
(4) Drying: drying at 30-60 deg.C for 1-10 hr after fermentation to obtain XIASANGJU animal nutrition preparation.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the fineness of the slag in the step (1) is 3-5mm.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: the colony number of the Aspergillus niger in the step (2) is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, preferably 10 3 cfu/mL; the colony number of the Aspergillus oryzae is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, preferably 10 3 cfu/mL。
10. The method of claim 7, wherein: the colony number of the lactic acid bacteria in the step (3) is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, preferably 10 3 cfu/mL; the colony number of the yeast is 10 3 -10 5 cfu/mL, preferably 10 4 cfu/mL; the colony number of the bacillus is 10 2 -10 4 cfu/mL, preferably 10 3 cfu/mL。
11. An animal nutrition preparation of a mulberry chrysanthemum extract is characterized in that: the Xiasangju extract animal nutrition preparation is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 7-10.
12. The mulberry chrysanthemum extract animal nutrition formulation of claim 11, wherein: the mulberry-chrysanthemum extract animal nutrition preparation also comprises an additive.
13. Use of a senecio cineraria oligosaccharide prebiotic according to claim 6 or an animal nutrition formulation of a senecio cineraria extract according to any of claims 11 to 12 for the preparation of an animal feed.
14. An animal feed, characterized in that: the animal feed comprises the senecio cineraria oligosaccharide prebiotic of claim 6 or the senecio cineraria extract animal nutrition formulation of any one of claims 11-12.
15. A method of raising an animal, comprising: the method of feeding an animal with the animal feed of claim 14.
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