CN1151192A - 处理钛部件的方法 - Google Patents

处理钛部件的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1151192A
CN1151192A CN95193444A CN95193444A CN1151192A CN 1151192 A CN1151192 A CN 1151192A CN 95193444 A CN95193444 A CN 95193444A CN 95193444 A CN95193444 A CN 95193444A CN 1151192 A CN1151192 A CN 1151192A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
atmosphere
nitrogen
parts
hydrogen
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CN95193444A
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English (en)
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D·W·费伊
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Sturm Ruger and Co Inc
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Sturm Ruger and Co Inc
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Publication of CN1151192A publication Critical patent/CN1151192A/zh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
    • C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1031—Alloys containing non-metals starting from gaseous compounds or vapours of at least one of the constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

公开了处理含钛部件的方法以及经这样处理的部件。该处理包括将部件装入炉室(12)中，该炉室有15-25％二氧化碳，30-50％氮和30-50％氢的气体气氛。该气氛处于1450-1850°Ｆ之间的温度，且该处理持续5-60分钟。部件提高了硬度、强度和耐磨性。

Description

处理钛部件的方法
发明背景
已提议在氢和氮气气氛中(美国专利No.3,211,590)或在氨和甲烷气氛中(美国专利No.3,891,473)进行金属热处理。也已建议在氦的中性气氛中进行钛的处理(美国专利No.4,098,623)。
还没有先有方法能在氮、氢和一氧化碳的气氛中进行钛部件的处理。
已在含20％一氧化碳、40％氢和40％氮的气氛中处理低碳钢和铁。已有报导利用丙烷-氩混合气或甲烷-氩混合气处理钛合金试样，以提高抵抗磨损的能力(Transactions of the ASM，第46卷，257页、267-70页(1953))。发明概述
广义而言，本发明包括一种含钛部件的处理方法，它包括在炉内于大气压下形成氮、甲醇和任选的天然气或丙烷的混合气，使这种混合气达到平衡；然后将钛部件引入炉内，并最后将炉温降低到1450°F至1850°F的范围，保持5到600分钟之间的时间。
本方法的特点之一是经这样处理的钛部件的表面区域非常坚硬且抗磨损。
还有一个特点即在处理过程中所引起的在合金表面形成的覆盖层主要由带氧氮化物区域和有时有的某些碳氮化物区域的氧化钛构成。附图的简要说明
图1是实施本发明方法的所用设备的局部正视图。优选实施方案的说明
图1中，设备10包括炉11、炉室箱(furnace chamber box)12以及由部件15支撑的钛部件筐14。室12有三个气体管路入口16、17和18。管路16将甲烷从甲烷罐21供至带轴的分布器22。管路17由气罐23供天然气，而管路18从氮罐24供氮。带轴的鼓风机27保证气体在室12中混合和循环，排气囱29(未示出)从室12排出废气。传感器37测量室12中的温度、氧和气体成分。过程控制单元31分别控制管路16，17和18中的阀门33，34和35，以控制室12中的混合物。
经在室箱12内混合气体，形成了烃类惰性气体混合物，它可被改变以得到所需的部件的冶金层特性，它以气体氮、甲醇和丙烷或天然气作原料，由15～25％的二氧化碳，30～50％的氢以及30～50％的氮气氛组成。气体的百分比以体积计。所使用的过程控制装置可以包括但并不局限于氧的测量及控制。可以使用气体表征装置，但并不是必需的。
可用本发明处理的部件是100％钛或钛的合金，包括：
               合金A
成分                         百分比
钛                            90
铝                            6
钒                            4
               合金B
成分                         百分比
钛                           94.5
铝                           3
钒                           2.5
               合金C
成分                         百分比
钛                            90
锆                            4
锡                            2
钼                            6
铝                            6
合金的百分比以重量计，对经本发明处理的和未经处理的铸造合金Ti-6AL-4V的试验获得如下结果：1.机械性能
        表面硬度，     抗拉强度条件        HK25         UTS，KS1   YS，KS1    ％EL未经处理的   350-380        132.7      114.3     10.2已处理的     980-1300       137.2      121.7     12.2
经处理的试样的表面硬度明显高于未经处理的试样，而它们的其它性能基本相同。2.耐磨性
采用一个#10氧化铝磨料进行的磨损试验表明经处理的试样的磨损低于未经处理的试样，
           条件          ％磨损
         经处理的         .3774
         未处理的         .4533
                    实施例
将一批由合金A制成的武器发射装置(firearm trigger)装入炉中，该炉内引入氮、甲烷和天然气，其中比例为：
              氮：40％(气体)；
              甲烷：58-60％(液体)；和
              丙烷：0-2％(气体)在炉内形成气态气氛：
组分                 百分比
二氧化碳             15-25
氢                   30-50
氮                   30-50
该气态气氛处于或接近大气压力。处理气氛是复杂的混合物：
氮
二氧化碳
一氧化碳
氢
氧
甲烷，和
水。
该混合物在炉内以平衡状态存在。甲烷离解形成氢和二氧化碳，以实现包括碳化(Carburizing)部件表面在内的部件处理。
炉内混合物反应完成后即达到平衡。平衡反应式为 。平衡确定是通过间接方式实现的，例如分析置入(implanted)或扩散入被处理的材料表面上的碳含量。其它方法包括利用位于炉内的氧探测器测量碳势，它采用一种假定炉内气氛中的CO含量稳定的算法表示碳势。假定CO含量是恒定的，碳势基本上相当于氧含量的函数。如果CO含量改变，相同的氧百分比将产生不同的碳势。此外，算法用于正确调节所有的变量。通过维持恒定的气氛控制碳以及利用氧百分比作为控制参数都是非常重要的。
过程控制的原则是控制流入炉内的气体比例。

Claims (3)

1.一种处理含钛部件的方法，包括：
1)将气体成分的混合物引入炉身(furnace box)，该气体成分混合物依次包括：
      a)30～50％氮；
      b)30～50％氢；以及
      c)15～25％二氧化碳；
2)将钛部件引入内有气体的炉身；
3)将该炉身密封隔离外界气氛；以及
4)监测并控制炉身内温度在1450°F至1850°F之间。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中控制气体成分的引入，使得炉内气氛以体积计包括：
  i)30-50％氮；
  ii)30-50％氢；和
  iii)15-25％二氧化碳。
3.由权利要求1的方法处理的含钛部件。
CN95193444A 1994-04-25 1995-04-18 处理钛部件的方法 Pending CN1151192A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23289094A 1994-04-25 1994-04-25
US08/232,890 1994-04-25

Publications (1)

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CN1151192A true CN1151192A (zh) 1997-06-04

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EP (1) EP0763143A4 (zh)
JP (1) JPH10503551A (zh)
KR (1) KR970702386A (zh)
CN (1) CN1151192A (zh)
WO (1) WO1995029270A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997014820A1 (en) * 1995-10-18 1997-04-24 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Method of treating titanium parts
WO2003074752A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-12 Swagelok Company Case hardening of titanium
CN103589987B (zh) * 2013-12-06 2016-01-20 龙工（上海）精工液压有限公司 一种柱塞泵用传动轴的热处理工艺
CN107779812A (zh) * 2017-10-19 2018-03-09 宝鸡市金海源钛标准件制品有限公司 一种医用钛合金表面的改性方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2446322A2 (fr) * 1979-01-15 1980-08-08 Air Liquide Procede de traitement thermique de l'acier et de controle dudit traitement
JPS5662961A (en) * 1979-10-26 1981-05-29 Mitsubishi Metal Corp Surface coated sintered hard alloy member for cutting tool
FR2649123B1 (fr) * 1989-06-30 1991-09-13 Air Liquide Procede de traitement thermique de metaux
US5039357A (en) * 1990-06-15 1991-08-13 Dynamic Metal Treating, Inc. Method for nitriding and nitrocarburizing rifle barrels in a fluidized bed furnace
US5298090A (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-03-29 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Atmospheres for heat treating non-ferrous metals and alloys

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EP0763143A1 (en) 1997-03-19
EP0763143A4 (en) 1997-06-11
JPH10503551A (ja) 1998-03-31
WO1995029270A1 (en) 1995-11-02
KR970702386A (ko) 1997-05-13

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