CN1151142A - 托架纵梁 - Google Patents

托架纵梁 Download PDF

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CN1151142A
CN1151142A CN95191859A CN95191859A CN1151142A CN 1151142 A CN1151142 A CN 1151142A CN 95191859 A CN95191859 A CN 95191859A CN 95191859 A CN95191859 A CN 95191859A CN 1151142 A CN1151142 A CN 1151142A
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lath
interior
extends
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adhesively fixed
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CN1060129C (zh
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T·D·吉尔帕特里克
A·M·韦格纳
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Jefferson Smurfit Corp
Gate Pallet Systems Inc
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Gate Pallet Systems Inc
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

托架(10)由瓦楞纸板折叠而成，具有六个板条(40，42，44，46，48，50，52)，位于垂直平面两侧，下板条(40)与该平面相交。外板条(42)由下板条向上延伸，外板条(44)由向上延伸的外板条向内延伸到大致垂直平面，内板条(46)从向内延伸的外板条向下延伸到下板条，内板条(48)从向下延伸的内板条向外延伸并覆盖下板条，一直到向上延伸的外板条。内板条(50)从覆盖下板条的内板条向内向上延伸，一直到向下延伸的内板条，内板条(52)从向上向内延伸的内板条向外延伸并位于向内延伸外板条之下，一直到向上延伸的外板条。

Description

托架纵梁
                      涉及本申请的相关参考
本申请是1993年3月29日提出的美国专利申请08/038,001号的部分继续申请、并与其相同地转让。
                       发明的技术领域
本发明涉及一种改进的托架纵梁。该纵梁是以纸板材料为主制作的，如瓦楞纸板或多层板。改进的纵梁表现出很高的抗压强度和良好的横向稳定性。
                         发明背景
由于托架主要由瓦楞纸板、多层板、或类似的材料制成，因此上述这种托架及其制造方法已在Schmidtke的美国专利4,792,325号，Quasnick的美国专利4,867,074号，和Smith的美国专利5,001,991号中作了举例说明。具体地说，这样一种托架包括一些细长的纵梁和支撑构件，从端部看各自具有所需的结构。
在这些专利的每个专利中，从端部看每个纵梁基本上有一个梯形结构，由一张瓦楞纸板、多层板或类似的材料折叠成多个板条，其确定纵梁的两个对称的部分。并且，在每个纵梁中，某些板条与其它板条粘结在一起。
使用这些纵梁的托架可在印第安那的crown Point的Gate托架系统有限公司买到，注册商标为PAYLOAD。本发明旨在通过改进用在这些托架中的纵梁来改进这些托架。
有关的其它托架公开在Hermitage的美国专利2,728,545号，Roberts等人的美国专利3,683,822号，Melli的美国专利4,563,377号，以及Atterby等人的美国专利4,802,421号中。
                      发明概要
本发明提供一种改进的托梁纵梁。该纵梁主要由纸板材料制成，如瓦楞纸板或多层板。这种改进的托架是由一张这样的材料折叠而成，以使其至少有13个板条(paneI)。其中，有分别在一个基本上垂直平面两侧的6个板条，还有一个与该基本上垂直平面相交的下板条。
在基本垂直平面的每一侧，有一外板条在纸板折叠处与下板条相接并从该下板条向上延伸。还有一外板条在纸板折叠处与向上延伸的外板条相接并从向上延伸的外板条向内延伸，朝向并接近所述基本垂直平面。还有一内板条在纸板折叠处与向内延伸的外板条相接，并由该向内延伸的外板条向下延伸，朝向并接近下板条。另外，有一内板条在纸板折叠处与向下延伸内板条相接，从该向下延伸内板条向外延伸，位于下板条之上，并朝向且接近向上延伸外板条而延伸。还有一内板条在纸板折叠处与覆盖下板条的内板条相接，由该覆盖板条向上向内延伸，并朝向且接近向下延伸的内板条而延伸。还有一内板条在纸板折叠处与向上且向内延伸的内板条相接，并从该向上且向内延伸的内板条向外延伸，位于向内延伸外板条之下，朝向且接近向上延伸外板条而延伸。
最好在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，位于向内延伸的外板条下方的内板条与向内延伸的外板条粘接固定。最好在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，在下板条上方的内板条与下板条粘接固定。并且，向下延伸的内板条互相粘接固定。
若干个改进的纵梁可以与若干个主要由纸板材料制成的，如在上述Schmidtke专利中公开的支撑构件(decking members)结合，形成一个以纸板为主的托架。
希望在改进的纵梁与支撑构件结合时，把该支撑构件伸过向上延伸的外板条、向上向内延伸的内板条和向下延伸的内板条的对正孔，将支撑构件胶粘固定在位于向内延伸的外板条的下方并与之粘接固定的内板条上。
可改成将若干个改进的纵梁与上纸板材料结合，或者与上下纸板材料结合，如在共同拥有、共同未决的1992年6月30日提交的美国专利申请07/906,356号中所公开的，形成一个以纸板为主的托架。
采用这样的支撑构件，这样一个上纸板，或者采用这样的上下纸板，一个以纸板为主的采用改进的纵梁的托架将显示出很高的抗压强度和良好的横向稳定性。
本发明的这些以及其它目的、特点和优点，通过下面参照着附图对本发明的最佳实施例的描述，将变得更加明显。
                      附图的简要说明
图1是表示本发明的使用3个纵梁与一个上纸板和一个下纸板结合的主要为纸板托架的透视图。
图2是表示本发明的使用3个纵梁与三组支撑构件结合的主要为纸板托架的透视图。
图3是表示本发明的用于图2的改进托架的纵梁的端视图。
                  优选实施例的详细描述
如图所示，构成本发明的最佳实施例的一个改进的纵梁10，是用来制造能显示出很高的抗压强度和良好的横向稳定性的纸板托架。
因此，在图1所示的这样一个托架20中，三个这样的纵梁10与一个具有两个向下折叠的外片24的上纸板22结合，并且与一个具有两个向上折叠的外片28的下纸板26结合。上下纸板22，26，和外片24，28被粘结固定到纵梁10上。选用的加强条S如虚线所示。除纵梁10外，托架20与前面提到的未决的美国专利申请07/906,356号中所描述的托架相似，这里引入该申请作为参考。
而且，在图2中示出了另一种这样的托架30，三个这样的纵梁10结合三对伸过纵梁10的孔34的支撑构件32。支撑构件32用胶固定在纵梁10的孔34的边缘上。每个支撑构件32由一张与纵梁10所用的相同的纸板材料折叠而成，从而具有多个板条(panel)，其中有些板条用胶固定在支撑构件32的其它板条上。每个支撑构件32与上述Schmidtke的专利中公开的支撑构件相似。除纵梁10外，托架30类似于上述Quasnick和Schmidtke的专利所公开的托架，这里引入该申请作为参考。
改进的托架10由单张双壁瓦楞纸板折叠成，可以用条带加强，也可以用纤维加强。可以选用单壁瓦楞纸板或多层纸。
这里，包括“上”、“下”、“垂直的”、“水平的”、“向上”、“向下”、“向内”和“向外”等这些定向词汇是指改进的纵梁10和托架20，30的优选取向。改进的纵梁10和托架20，30也可采用相反的取向。但这些定向词的使用并非限定本发明的最佳取向。
如图3所示，改进的纵梁10是折叠构成，它有十三个板条，在假想的基本上垂直的平面P的每一侧有六个板条，还有一个基本上水平地与平面P相交的下板条40。如图3所示，下板条40被平面P分成二等分。最好，如图所示，改进的纵梁10沿平行的折叠线折叠，这折叠线沿着相对于单张瓦楞纸板的槽的横向延伸。
在平面P的每一侧，外板条42从下板条40相对于其以钝角方向向上、向外延伸。并且，外板条44在纸板折叠处与向上向外延伸的板条42相接，并且从这板条42向内延伸到接近平面P。进而，内板条46在纸板折叠处与向内延伸的外板条44相接并且从板条44向下延伸到接近下板条40。进而内板条48在纸板折叠处与向下延伸的内板条46相接，并且从这板条46向外延伸，位于下板条40的上方，朝向且延伸到接近向上、向外延伸的外板条42。进而，内板条50在纸板折叠处与向外延伸的内板条48相接，并且从该板条48向上向内延伸到接近向下延伸的内板条46和向内延伸的外板条44。继而内板条52在纸板折叠处与向上向内延伸的内板条50相接，并且从这板条50向外延伸，位于向内延伸的外板条44的下方，朝着并延伸到接近向上向外延伸的外板条42。
如图3所示，两个向下延伸的内板条46在它们中间较大的区域60内互相粘接固定。而且，在平面P的每一侧，位于下板条40上方向外延伸的内板条48在较大的区域62内粘接固定在下板条40上。最好，如图所示，在平面P两侧的区域62是邻近的。而且，在平面P的每一侧，位于向内延伸的外板条44的下方的向外延伸的内板条52在较大的区域64内粘接固定在板条44上。粘接区域60，62，64基本上沿改进的纵梁10的整个长度延伸。
最好，加在区域52，54，56上的胶是所谓“冷熔”或“冷置”胶，例如No.3715或No 3715B。它们均可从伊利诺州Palatine的H.B.Fuller公司购到。
如图2所示的托架30，孔34的定位使得支撑构件32能够紧贴相应的纵梁10的向外延伸的内板条52的下方穿过。最好，支撑构件32的上表面用上一段提到的胶粘接固定在相应的纵梁10的内板条52上。
如图3所示，由于每个外板条42相对于下板条40以钝角向上向外延伸，因此从端部看去，改进的纵梁10通常呈梯形，在平面P的每一侧具有相反的三角形。并且，从端部看，改进的纵梁10在平面P的相对的两侧大致对称。
如上所述，与上面提到的Quasnick的专利中所公开的具有近似的尺寸、折叠和粘接的纵梁相比，以及与上面提到的美国专利申请08/038,001号中所公开的具有近似总体尺寸、折叠和粘接的纵梁相比，改进的纵梁10在抗压强度上比较有利，可以提供较好的横向稳定性，而只需要较少的材料。
改进的纵梁10可以采用加强块增加稳定性，如采用Smith的美国专利5,001,991号所公开的加强块。但是，由于改进的纵梁10提供了较好的横向稳定性，这样的加强块在很多情况下不需要。如果不采用这样的加强块，由改进的纵梁10这样的纵梁制成的以纸板为主的托架，其制造成本低，而且更易于反复使用。
在不脱离本发明的范围和主题情况下，可以对上述的最佳实施例作各种改进。

Claims (10)

1.由单张纸板材料折叠而成的托架纵梁，它至少具有十三个板条，其中包括在基本上垂直平面两侧各有六个板条，和一个与这基本垂直平面相交的下板条，其特征在于，每一侧的板条包括：
(a)一个外板条，在纸板折叠处与下板条相接、并且向上延伸；
(b)一个外板条，在纸板的折叠处与向上延伸的外板条相接，从向上延伸的外板条向内延伸，朝向并接近基本上垂直平面；
(c)一个内板条，在纸板折叠处与向内延伸的外板条相接，并且向下延伸，朝向并接近下板条；
(d)一个内板条，在纸板折叠处与向下延伸的内板条相接，并且向外延伸，位于下板条的上方，朝向并接近向上延伸的外板条；
(e)一个内板条，在纸板折叠处与位于下板条上方的内板条相接，并且向上、向内延伸，朝向并接近向下延伸的内板条和向内延伸的外板条；
(f)一个内板条，在纸板折叠处与向上向内延伸的内板条相接，并且向外延伸；位于向内延伸的外板条的下方，朝向并接近向上延伸的外板条，其中在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，位于向内延伸的外板条下方的内板条与向内延伸的外板条粘接固定；而且在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，在下板条上方的内板条与下板条粘接固定.
2.如权利要求1所述的托架纵梁，其特征在于向下延伸的内板条互相粘接固定。
3.如权利要求2所述的托架纵梁，其特征在于在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，向上向内延伸的内板条靠近向内延伸的内板条粘接固定在向下延伸的内板条上。
4.如权利要求2所述的托架纵梁，其特征在于在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，向上向内延伸的内板条靠近下板条粘接固定在向上延伸的外板条上。
5.如权利要求4所述的托架纵梁，其特征在于在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，向上向内延伸的内板条靠近向内延伸的内板条粘接固定在向下延伸的内板条。
6.如权利要求1所述的托架纵梁，其特征在于，结合伸过向上延伸的外板条、向上向内延伸的内板条和向下延伸的内板条的对正孔的支撑构件，该支撑构件粘接固定在位于向内延伸的外板条下方的内板条上。
7.如权利要求2所述的托架纵梁，其特征在于，结合伸过向上延伸的外板条、向上、向内延伸的内板条和向下延伸的内板条的对正孔的支撑构件，该支撑构件粘接固定在位于向内延伸的外板条下方且与之粘接固定的内板条上。
8.如权利要求1所述的托架纵梁，其特征在于，结合伸过托架纵梁的对正孔的支撑构件，在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，该支撑构件粘接固定在纸板折叠处与向上向内延伸的内板条相接的内板条中的一个内板条上。
9.如权利要求1所述的托架纵梁，其特征在于，折叠单张纸板材料从而使其具有准确的十三个板条，并且因此具有两个相对的边缘，其中任一个边缘由向外延伸的内板条中的一个来限定。
10.如权利要求9所述的托架纵梁，其特征在于在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，位于向内延伸的外板条下方的内板条粘接固定在向内延伸的外板条上；在基本上垂直平面的每一侧，位于下板条上方的内板条粘接固定在下板条上；并且向下延伸的内板条互相粘接固定。
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