CN1055663C - 供装卸用的具有半纵梁的纸板运货平台 - Google Patents

供装卸用的具有半纵梁的纸板运货平台 Download PDF

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CN1055663C
CN1055663C CN95192739A CN95192739A CN1055663C CN 1055663 C CN1055663 C CN 1055663C CN 95192739 A CN95192739 A CN 95192739A CN 95192739 A CN95192739 A CN 95192739A CN 1055663 C CN1055663 C CN 1055663C
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panel
exterior
extends
wall panels
lower wall
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CN1146754A (zh
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A·M·韦格纳
T·D·吉尔帕特里克
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Jefferson Smurfit Corp
Gate Pallet Systems Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0006—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0008—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
    • B65D19/001—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0012—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00019—Paper
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    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
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    • B65D2519/00054—Paper
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    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
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    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00263—Overall construction of the pallet
    • B65D2519/00273—Overall construction of the pallet made of more than one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00263—Overall construction of the pallet
    • B65D2519/00278—Overall construction of the pallet the load supporting surface and the base surface being identical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00288—Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00318—Overall construction of the base surface made of one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
    • B65D2519/00343—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface being substantially in the form of a panel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00368—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer
    • B65D2519/00373—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer whereby at least one spacer is made of one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • B65D2519/00562—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements chemical connection, e.g. glued, welded, sealed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

波纹纸板运货平台包括由过渡件制成的两个横向外纵梁。过渡件有下壁板和一个垂直面两侧的各六个壁板。其一侧的壁板是：从下壁板向上向外伸的外壁板；从该外壁板向内伸到垂直面的外壁板；从前者伸到下壁板的内壁板；下壁板之上的内壁板；向上向内伸的内壁板；向内伸的外壁板之下的内壁板。部分内壁板分别粘接于向内伸的外壁板和下壁板上。纵向切开下壁板，形成两个外纵梁。优选实施例还有中间纵梁；上盖板和下盖板。

Description

供装卸用的具有半纵梁的纸板运货平台
本发明涉及主要由纸板材料例如波纹纸板作的并使用两个纵向延伸外纵梁的运货平台。本发明打算采用一种过渡部件制作外纵梁，该过渡部件用单片纸板材料折叠而成，以便具有各种壁板，纵向切开其中一个壁板便可形成外纵梁，该外纵梁可以方便合适地称为半纵梁。
现在广泛使用主要由波纹纸板材料作的运输运货平台，主要是因为这种运货平台价格低，易回收，而且清洁。通常这种运货平台使用用波纹纸板折叠件作的纵向延伸的但横向间隔开的纵梁，该纵梁包括两个外纵梁和一个中间梁。这种运货平台还应用盖板，包括粘接固定在相应纵梁侧面上的上盖板和粘接固定在相应纵梁下侧面上的下盖板。这些盖板具有粘接固定在外纵梁上的外折叶。
采用纵梁、带外折叶的上盖板和带下侧叶的下盖板的主要用纸板作的运货平台可从印地安那州的Crown Point公司的Gate Pallet系统买到，其商标为PAYLOAD。
在Cahners的美国专利No.2 444 183、Fallert等人的美国专利No.2446 914、Achemann等人的美国专利No.3 434 435和Childs的美国专利No.3 659 534中公开了相关行业的运货平台。
一种改进设计的运货平台公开了1993年9月10日申请的序号为No.08/119 726的被共同转让美国专利中。如其中所图示和说明的那样，上盖板被折叠，形成改进运货平台的两个外纵梁，该运货平台也具有下盖板。
其中图示和说明的运货平台最适用于要求窄运货平台但又应用宽平铲的叉车装卸作业中，该叉车的平铲必须纵向进入运货平台。因此，如果运货平台的横向尺寸约为30英寸并且每个外纵梁的横向宽度约为1.5英寸，则其外缘相距约27英寸的叉车的平铲可以纵向进入运货平台，从而提升或搬运运货平台而不损坏运货平台。
还有，美国专利No.4,792,325公开了一种具有两个外纵梁的纸板运货平台，每个外纵梁用单片纸板材料折叠而成，具有在大体垂直平面每一侧的多个壁板和与大体垂直平面横截的一盖板。
本发明通过努力提供一种最适用于这种作业中的改进的运货平台。
本发明提供一种改进的运货平台，该平台包括两个纵向延伸的外纵梁，每个外纵梁用一个过渡件制作，该过渡件用单片的纸板材料折叠而成，以便具有各种壁板，纵向切开其中一个壁板便可形成外纵梁，该外纵梁可以合适地称为半纵梁。如下所述，该过渡件被折叠成具有在一个大体垂直平面的两侧的多个壁板和一个由该大体垂直平面贯穿的下壁板。
在大体垂直平面每侧的各壁板包括两个外壁板。一个外壁板在纸板的折叠处连于过渡件的下壁板，它从过渡件的下壁板向上延伸。另一个外壁板在纸板的折叠处连于向上延伸的外壁板，它从该壁板向内对着该大体垂直平面延伸，并延伸到靠近该平面。过渡件的向上延伸壁板不仅从过渡件的下壁板向上延伸，而且还向外延伸。
在大体垂直平面侧的各壁板还包括至少一个支撑和增强该过渡件的外加的壁板。如果有至少两个这种支撑和增强壁板，则至少一个可粘接固定在其它壁板中的一个上。如果有至少三个这种支撑和增强壁板，则至少两个可以各自粘接固定到其它壁板中的一个上。
考虑包括四个内壁板的优选配置。一个内壁板在纸板折叠处连于优选配置中的向内延伸外壁板，它从该外壁板向下对着下壁板延伸，并延伸到靠近该下壁板。另一个内壁板在纸板折叠处连于在优选配置中的该向下延伸内壁板，它叠置于下壁板的上面，并从该向下延伸的内壁板向外对着向上延伸的外壁板延伸，延伸到靠近该外壁板。另一个内壁板在纸板折叠处连于优选配置中叠置于下壁板上面的内壁板，它从该内壁板向上向内对着向下延伸的内壁板和向内延伸的外壁板延伸，并延伸到靠近这些壁板。另一个内壁板在纸板折叠处连于在优选配置中的向上向内延伸的内壁板，并从该内壁板向外延伸，它位于向内延伸的外壁板之下，并向着向上延伸的外壁板延伸，延伸到靠近该外壁板。
接近于在大体垂直平面处纵向切开过渡件的下壁板，由此形成外纵梁。每个外纵梁因此具有分别由在大体垂直面一侧的过渡件的向上和向下延伸的壁板构成的两个侧壁板，以及由过渡件下壁板的切割部分构成的下壁板。
在大体垂直平面的两侧，位于下面的内壁板可以粘接固定在向内延伸的外壁板上，而位于上面的外壁板可以粘接固定在下壁板上。
运货平台还包括纸板材料作的上盖板，该上盖板粘接固定在外纵梁上。上盖板最好具有主体部分和从该主体部分向下折的两个外折叶，该上盖板在上盖板的主体部分和各个外纵梁的向内延伸的外壁之间以及在上盖板的各个外折叶和从相应一个外纵梁的侧壁板中选出的一个侧壁板之间被粘接地固定于外纵梁上。
除上述的上盖板之外，运货平台还包括纸板材料作的下盖板，该下盖板粘接固定在外纵梁上。下盖板最好具有主体部分和从该主体部分向上折的两个外折叶，该下盖板在下盖板的主体部分和各个外纵梁的下壁板之间以及在下壁板的各个向外折叶和从相应一个外纵梁的侧壁板中选出的一个侧壁板之间被粘接固定在外纵梁上。
选出的一个侧壁板最好由在大体垂直平面一侧的过渡件的向下延伸壁板构成。因此，即使过渡件的向上延伸壁板不仅从过渡件的下壁板向上延伸而且还向外延伸，改进的运货平台也具有矩形的截面。
改进的运货平台还包括在外纵梁之间与其隔开一定距离的纵向延伸的中间纵梁。该中间纵梁类似于过渡件，但中间纵梁的下壁板不被纵向切开，而且中间纵梁的向下延伸的壁板彼此粘接固定在一起。
本发明还提供一种运货平台纵梁，该纵梁利用单片纸板材料例如波纹纸板折叠而成，使其具有侧壁板和内壁板，该侧壁板类似于如上所述外纵梁之一的侧壁板，该内壁板类似于如上所述外纵梁之一的内壁板。
下面参照附图说明本发明的优选实施例，由此可以明白看到本发明的这些和其它的目的、特征和优点。
图1是主要用纸板作的运货平台的透视图，该运货平台包括两个外纵梁、包括两个外折叶的上盖板和包括两个外折叶的下盖板，该运货平台构成本发明的优选实施例；
图2是用于制作外纵梁的过渡件的放大截面图；
图3是用过渡件制作的外纵梁之一的截面图。
如图1所示，运货平台10主要用波纹纸板制作，它构成本发明的优选实施例。运货平台10一般包括两个外纵梁12、一个中间纵梁14、用波纹纸板作的上盖板16和用波纹纸板作的下盖板18。本发明考虑用图2所示的过渡件20制作外纵梁12。
中间纵梁14、上盖板16、下盖板18和过渡件20是用单片的双壁波纹纸板折叠的，该纸板可以是带式增强的或纤维增强的。或者可以改用单壁的波纹纸板或多层纸板。
本文中的方向术语“上”、“下”、“垂直”、“水平”、“向上”、“向下”、“向内”和“向外”指的是运货平台10和纵梁12、14在被示出的优选取向。运货平台10和纵梁12、14作相反取向也是实用的。这种方向术语的使用不是用来将本发明限定于优选取向。
如图2所示，过渡件20被折盘成具有十三个壁板，即在想像的大体垂直平面P两侧的各六个壁板和大体水平的与平面P横交的下壁板40。另外，如图3所示，下壁板40由平面P二等分。如图所示，改进的纵梁10最好沿平行的折叠线折叠，该折叠线相对单片波纹纸板的波纹在横方向延伸。
在平面P的每侧，外壁板42从下壁板40向上向外延伸，相对于下壁板40成钝角延伸。另外，外壁板44在纸板的折叠处连接于向上向外延伸的壁板42，并从该壁板42向内延伸，伸向并靠近平面P。内壁板46在纸板的折叠处连接于向内延伸的外壁板44，并从该壁板44向下延伸，对着下壁板40延伸到靠近该下壁板。另外，内壁板48在纸板折叠处连接于向下延伸的内壁板46，位于下壁板40之上，从该壁板46向外延伸，对着向上向外延伸的外壁板42延伸，延伸到靠近该壁板42。其次，内壁板50在纸板折叠处连接于向外延伸的内壁板48，并从该壁板48向上向内延伸，对着向下延伸的内壁板46和向内延伸的外壁板44延伸，延伸到靠近该内壁板46和外壁板44。接着，内壁板52在纸板的折叠处连接于向上向内延伸的内壁板50，并在向内延伸的外壁板44之下从该壁板50向外延伸，延伸到靠近向上向外延伸的外壁板42。
在平面P的两侧，位于下壁板40上面的向外延伸内壁板48在宽的区域62粘接固定在下壁板40上。在平面P的两侧，位于向内延伸外壁板44下面的向外延伸内壁板52在宽的区域64粘接固定在该壁板44上。粘接区域62、64大体沿过渡件20的整个长度延伸。
近似沿大体垂直平面P纵向切开下壁板40，使其形成外纵梁。如图2的虚线所示，下壁板40最好约在大体垂直平面处沿其整个长度被穿孔，以便方便于切开下壁板40。
在图1和图3中，除去本文中例示和说明的编号而外，加一撇的编号和加两撇的编号是用来表示这样的壁板，这种壁板类似于图2中相同的不带撇编号表示的壁板。
如图3所示的外纵梁的例子所示，每个外纵梁12具有两个侧壁板42′，46′，它们分别由在大体垂直平面P一侧的过渡件20的上述壁板42、46形成。另外，各个外纵梁12具有上壁面44′和下壁面40′，上壁面44′由过渡件20的向内延伸外壁板44形成，下壁板40′由过渡件20下壁板40的切割部分形成。因为各个外纵梁12由过渡件20下壁板40的一半以及在大体垂直平面P一侧的外壁板和内壁板组成，所以外纵梁12可以方便地称半纵梁。
中间纵梁14类似于过渡件20，不同的是中间纵梁14的下壁板40″不被纵向切开，而且中间纵梁14的向下延伸内壁板46″彼此粘接固定在一起。中间纵梁14具有两个壁板44″，它们构成中间纵梁14的上侧面，类似于过渡件20的向内延伸外壁板44。下壁板40″构成中间纵梁14的下侧面。因此中间纵梁14类似于在1994年1月10日申请的序号为No.08/1719111的被共同转让的美国专利申请例示和说明的运货平台纵梁。序号为No.08/179 111的美国专利申请的公开内容在这里引用是为了参考。
上盖板16具有主体部分70和两个外折叶72，该折叶从主体部分70向下折。下盖板18具有主体部分80和两个外折叶82，该折叶从主体部分80往上折。上盖板16的外折叶72中的一个和下盖板18的外折叶82中的一个沿着各个外纵梁彼此靠近，但彼此不重叠，如图1所示。
在主体部分70和构成外纵梁上侧面的壁板44′之间以及在各个外折叶72和从外纵梁12中相应一个纵梁的侧壁板42′、46′中选出的一个壁板之间，上盖板16被粘接固定在外纵梁12上。另外，在主体部分72和构成中间纵梁14上侧面的壁板44″之间，上盖板16被粘接固定在中间纵梁14上。
在主体部分80和构成外纵梁12下侧面的壁板40′之间，以及在各个外折叶82和从外纵梁12中相应一个纵梁中的侧壁板42′、46′中选出的一个侧壁板之间，下盖板18被粘接固定在外纵梁12上。另外，在主体部分82和构成中间纵梁14下侧面的壁板40″之间，下盖板18被粘接固定在中间纵梁14上。
如图所示，从侧壁板42′、46′中选出的一个侧壁板最好是侧壁板46′。因而，如图所示，运货平台具有大体矩形的截面。然而，如果从侧壁板42′、46′中选出的一个壁板是侧壁板42′，则上盖板16的主体部分70的横向宽度比下盖板18的主体部分70的横向宽度宽，因而运货平台具有梯形截面。
最好采用上述粘接固定法，此时可以使用所谓“冷熔”或“冷固化”粘合剂例如Code No.3715或Code No.3715B，二者均可从伊利诺斯州的Palatine的H.B.Fuller公司购买。
以上例示和说明的运货平台10最适合于用在需要窄的运货平台但又应用宽距托板叉车的装卸作业中，该叉车托板必须纵向进入运货平台10。因此，即使运货平台10的纵向尺寸约30英寸，而各个外纵梁的横向宽度最宽约为1.5英寸，其外缘间隔约27英寸(常规的)的叉车托板也能纵向进入运货平台10，因而可提升和搬运运货平台10，而又不损害运货平台10。
虽然运货平台10应用上盖板16和下盖板18，但也可以换用在Schmidkt的美国专利No.4 792 325、Quashick的美国专利No.4 867 374和Smith的美国专利No.5 001 911中公开型式的盖板部件。
在上述的优选实施例中可以进行各种其它的变更而不背离本发明的范围和精神。

Claims (14)

1.一种运货平台，包括两个纵向延伸的外纵梁，每个外纵梁用过渡件制作，该过渡件用单片纸板材料折叠而成，具有至少十三个壁板，包括在大体垂直平面每一侧的至少六个壁板和与大体垂直平面横截的下壁板，其中，在大体垂直平面各侧的壁板包括：
(a)一外壁板，在纸板折叠处连接于过渡件的下壁板并从该下壁板向上延伸；
(b)一外壁板，在纸板折叠处连接于向上延伸的外壁板，并从该外壁板向内延伸，向着大体垂直平面延伸，延伸到靠近该平面。
(c)一内壁板，在纸板折叠处连接于向内延伸的外壁板，并从该外壁板向下延伸，向着下壁板延伸，延伸到靠近该下壁板；
(d)一内壁板，在纸板折叠处连接于向下延伸的内壁板，并位于下壁板上，从该内壁向外延伸，向着向上延伸的外壁板延伸，并延伸到靠近该外壁板；
(e)一内壁板，在纸板折叠处连接于位于下壁板上面的内壁板，并从该内壁板向上向内延伸，向着向下延伸的内壁板和向内延伸的外壁板延伸并延伸到靠近这两个壁板；
(f)一内壁板，在纸板折叠处连接于向上向内延伸的内壁板，并从该内壁板向外延伸，而且位于向内延伸的外壁板的下面，向着向上延伸的外壁板延伸并延伸到靠近该外壁板；
其特征在于，近似沿大体垂直平面，纵向切开过渡件的下壁板，以形成外纵梁，因此各个外纵梁具有两个侧壁板，该侧壁板分别由在大体垂直平面一侧的过渡件的向上和向下延伸的壁板形成，各个外纵梁具有由过渡件下壁板切割部分形成的下壁板。
2.如权利要求1所述的运货平台，其特征在于，位于向内延伸外壁板下面的内壁板粘接固定在大体垂直平面各侧的向内延伸的外壁板上；位于下壁板上面的内壁板粘接固定在大体垂直平面各侧的下壁板上。
3.如权利要求2所述的运货平台，其特征在于，还包括用纸板材料作的上盖板，该上盖板粘接固定在外纵梁上。
4.如权利要求3所述的运货平台，其特征在于，上盖板具有主体部分和两个从主体部分往下折的外折叶，上盖板在主体部分和各个外纵梁的向内延伸外壁板之间以及在各个外折叶和从外纵梁中相应一个外纵梁的侧壁板中选出的一个壁板之间被粘接固定在外纵梁上。
5.如权利要求3所述的运货平台，其特征在于，过渡件的向上延伸的壁板不仅从过渡件的下壁板向上延伸而且还向外延伸。
6.如权利要求4所述的运货平台，其特征在于，从侧壁板中选出的一个侧壁板由在大体垂直平面一侧的过渡件的向下延伸壁板形成。
7.如权利要求3所述的运货平台，其特征在于，还包括由纸板材料作的下盖板，下盖板粘接固定于外纵梁上。
8.如权利要求7所述的运货平台，其特征在于，下盖板具有主体部分和从主体部分向下叠的两个外折叶，其特征在于，下盖板在主体部分和各个外纵梁的下壁板之间被粘接固定在外纵梁上。
9.如权利要求7所述的运货平台，其特征在于，上盖板具有主体部分和从主体部分向下折的两个外折叶，上盖板在上盖板的主体部分和各个外纵梁的向内延伸外壁板之间以及在上盖板的各个外折叶和从外纵梁中相应一个外纵梁的侧壁板中选出的一个侧壁板之间被粘接固定于外纵梁上；下盖板具有主体部分和从主体部分向上折的两个外折叶，下盖板在下盖板的主体部分和各个外纵梁的向内延伸外壁板之间以及在下盖板的各个外折叶和从外纵梁中的相应一个外纵梁的侧壁板中选出的一个侧壁之间被粘接固定在外纵梁上。
10.如权利要求9所述的运货平台，其特征在于，从上述侧壁板中选出的一个侧壁板由在大体垂直平面一侧的过渡件的向下延伸的壁板构成。
11.如权利要求10所述的运货平台，其特征在于，从上述侧壁板中选出的一个侧壁板由在大体垂直平面一侧的过渡件的向下延伸的壁板构成。
12.如权利要求11所述的运货平台，其特征在于，过渡件的向上延伸的壁板不仅从过渡件的下壁板向上延伸而且还向外延伸。
13.如权利要求12所述的运货平台，其特征在于，还包括纵向延伸的中间纵梁，该中间纵梁位于外纵梁之间。与其隔开一定距离，并粘接固定在上、下盖板的主体部分上。
14.如权利要求13所述的运货平台，其特征在于，中间纵梁类似于过渡件，不同的是，中间纵梁的下壁板不被纵向切开，而且中间纵梁的向下延伸内壁板彼此粘接固定。
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