Background technology
At present, the many straight fertilizers of fertilization of rice based on routines such as urea, carbon ammonium, diammonium phosphate, use these chemical fertilizer of simple substance, in agriculture production, brought serious chemical fertilizer to execute partially and the unbalanced problem of nutrition supply, can not fully satisfy needed nutrient of each stage in the Rice Production process.Too much as nitrogen fertilizer application, it is late-maturing that rice seedling is remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe, the cycle stretch-out of nourishing and growing, and the reproductive growth time retardation can not be ripe normally, and easily lodging, and particularly the rice blast morbidity is serious for various diseases; It is too much to execute phosphate fertilizer, easily causes phosphorus, zinc imbalance, has suppressed the absorption of paddy rice to zinc, and has caused a large amount of breedings of phycophyta such as rice terrace moss, influences the normal growth of rice seedling.The Chinese patent notification number is CN1112100A, open day is November 22 nineteen ninety-five, a kind of chemical fertilizer specially for rice is disclosed, this fertilizer is according to the different times of the paddy growth demand difference to fertilizer, provide at the vegetative growth phase of paddy rice and the seed manure and the ear manuer of reproductive stage use, each all is to be mixed by different simple substance fertilizer in these two kinds of fertilizer, must before and after rice transplanting, use in the week for sending out seed manure, ear manuer then must use at panicle primordium dif ferentiation stage, must be for the peasant in strict accordance with supporting use of prescribed period of time, it is loaded down with trivial details to use operation like this, very trouble.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of easy to use, the energy increasing both production and income guarantee that paddy rice obtains adequate nutrients at any time in whole growth process, and time for fertilizer is long, improves the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer of utilization rate of fertilizer.
The present invention realizes in the following way:
A kind of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is characterized in that: this special use fertilizer is to be formed by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the granulation of zinc sulfate mixing, contains the effective constituent of following ratio in the mixture that is obtained: nitrogen (N) 17-20%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (P
2O
5) 7-10%, zinc (Zn) 0.22-1.1%.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea and ammonium chloride, and bicarbonate of ammonia or ammonium sulfate, phosphate fertilizer are monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and various calcium superphosphate or normal superphosphate, fertilizer grade calcium superphosphate, treble superphosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate etc.
The screening formulation of this paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is:
Urea 2-8%;
Ammonia chloride 60-70%;
Monoammonium phosphate 10-15%;
Calcium superphosphate 12-18%;
Zinc sulfate 1-5%.
The optimum proportion prescription of this paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is:
Urea 40kg;
Ammonia chloride 665kg;
Monoammonium phosphate 120kg;
Calcium superphosphate 150kg;
Zinc sulfate 25kg.
Paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer provided by the invention, be primarily aimed at the northern China particularly soil characteristic and the nutrient situation of the Northwest, and develop according to the fertile characteristic of need of rice growth, for example northern China particularly the Northwest's soil to contain potassium abundant, in recent years having only discrete trial to show in the scientific research report executes the potassium volume increase, does not generally all need application of potash fertilizer; Soil is nitrogenous lower, execute the inevitable underproduction of nitrogen hunger, but paddy rice is quite responsive to nitrogenous fertilizer, and nitrogen application is excessive, must cause the rice nutrition over growth, reproductive growth postpones, and is remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe late-maturing, lodging, and disease is serious, cause chilling injury easily, paddy sterile grain rate height, dry granular is heavily low, and quality is bad.On the calcareous soil of the north, phosphate fertilizer is many by the calcipexy in the soil, the this season utilization ratio is low, but aftereffect is remarkable, and especially Irrigation Area of Ningxia rice drought ring is done, the phosphorus that this season such as wheat, corn can not absorb, under kind of the situation of rice waterflooding, can discharge again, production peak is often pursued in the peasant habit fertilising, excessive execute phosphorus not only economic benefit descend, but also can cause a large amount of breedings of imbalance of phosphorus zinc and paddy field phycophyta.The fertile characteristics of this special use are that nitrogen, phosphorus are suitable in right amount, and generally lack the characteristics interpolation zinc fertilizer of zinc at northern soil.Selecting for use of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizer raw material, nitrogenous fertilizer is selected ammonium chloride for use, mainly be that ammonia-state nitrogen can be absorbed preservation by soil colloid, and urea or nitrate fertilizer run off in the paddy field seriously, sulphur in the ammonium sulfate generates hydrogen sulfide under the condition of waterflooding, the chlorine particle can suppress the nitrifying process of ammonia-state nitrogen simultaneously, can reduce loss of nitrogen fertilizer, and the phosphorus source is adopted ammonium phosphate and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and used, it mainly is the collocation of water-soluble phosphorus and Qi dissolubility phosphorus, emergency is helped mutually, continues for fertile, according to another test, on the basis of 650 kilograms of paddy of per mu yield, enrich 1 kilogram in zinc sulfate, mu increases 40 kilograms of paddy, economic benefit height not only, but also the scarce zinc problem that can slow down humans and animals.Field experiment proves that it is fast to turn green after the paddy field application by throwing them paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer rice transplanting of the present invention, and growing way is good, the effective tillering rule is high, ears early, and grouting is fast, resistant to lodging, early ripe, quality better, increasing both production and income, the paddy rice plant height increases 7 centimetres than habits fertilization, many about 13.2 of grain number per spike, it embezzles many 10 of grain, thousand seed weight increase by 1.2 can, see following table for details:
From output, the per mu yield of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer treatment theory output is 690.3 kilograms, and than 58.1 kilograms of 632.2 kilograms of habits fertilization volume increase, special-purpose fat product is 636.4 kilograms/mu, than conventional fertile 582 kilograms/mu, increases production 54.4 kilograms, increases 9.3%, sees the following form:
From the economic benefit of volume increase, under the situation identical of topdressing, execute 40 kilograms of this paddy rice-dedicated fertilizers for every mu with other field management, 49 yuan of retail prices, conventional mu is executed 30 kilograms of carbon ammoniums, and 0.36 yuan of per kilogram closes 10.8 yuan; 15 kilograms of two ammoniums, 2.10 yuan of per kilograms close 31.5 yuan, add up to 33.3 yuan, and 54.4 kilograms of volume increase paddy go out 38 kilograms in rice, and 1.5 yuan of per kilograms increase income 57 yuan, deduct 15.7 yuan of special-purpose fertile every mu of many expenditures, and every mu has a net increase of 41.3 yuan of incomes.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: after taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, the granulation of mechanical stirring mixing forms, urea 40kg; Ammonia chloride 665kg; Monoammonium phosphate 120kg; Calcium superphosphate 150kg; Zinc sulfate 25kg.
Embodiment two: after taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, the granulation of mechanical stirring mixing forms, urea 50kg; Ammonia chloride 660kg; Monoammonium phosphate 140kg; Calcium superphosphate 120kg; Zinc sulfate 30kg.
Embodiment three: after taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, the granulation of mechanical stirring mixing forms, urea 50kg; Ammonia chloride 660kg; Diammonium phosphate 130kg; Calcium superphosphate 130kg; Zinc sulfate 30kg.
Embodiment four: after taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, the granulation of mechanical stirring mixing forms, urea 70kg; Ammonia chloride 670kg; Monoammonium phosphate 110kg; Calcium superphosphate 110kg; Zinc sulfate 40kg.
Embodiment five: after taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, the granulation of mechanical stirring mixing forms, urea 30kg; Ammonia chloride 690kg; Monoammonium phosphate 100kg; Calcium superphosphate 170kg; Zinc sulfate 10kg.
Embodiment six: after taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, the granulation of mechanical stirring mixing forms, urea 60kg; Ammonia chloride 650kg; Monoammonium phosphate 130kg; Calcium superphosphate 140kg; Zinc sulfate 20kg.
Embodiment seven: after taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, the granulation of mechanical stirring mixing forms, urea 50kg; Ammonia chloride 660kg; Diammonium phosphate 100kg; Calcium superphosphate 150kg; Zinc sulfate 40kg.