CN115097369A - System and method for calibrating impulse voltage generator based on ohm law - Google Patents
System and method for calibrating impulse voltage generator based on ohm law Download PDFInfo
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- CN115097369A CN115097369A CN202210640304.9A CN202210640304A CN115097369A CN 115097369 A CN115097369 A CN 115097369A CN 202210640304 A CN202210640304 A CN 202210640304A CN 115097369 A CN115097369 A CN 115097369A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a calibration system and a calibration method based on an ohm law impulse voltage generator, which comprises a standard impulse voltage divider, an impulse current collector, a calibrated impulse voltage generator and a calibration test measurement and control center, wherein the standard impulse voltage divider is connected in parallel with the calibrated impulse voltage generator; the method calculates the resistance value of the standard impulse voltage divider based on the ohm law, and performs reverse thrust by using the ohm law under the condition of knowing the resistance value of the fixed value, so as to calibrate the over-range calibrated impulse voltage generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of impulse voltage generator calibration, in particular to a system and a method for calibrating an impulse voltage generator based on ohm's law.
Background
With the continuous development of the electricity market, more and more high-voltage electrical equipment is put into use. However, because of the potential safety hazard during the operation, the insulation performance test needs to be performed first. The equipment used in the tests was generally a surge voltage generator.
The impulse voltage generator is mainly laboratory equipment and is used for conducting impulse voltage tests of full-wave lightning impulse voltage, chopping lightning impulse voltage and operation impulse voltage waves on test articles such as power equipment and the like and testing the insulation performance.
Surge voltage generator devices typically require metering of their voltage divider and measurement apparatus at intervals of one or two years. When the surge voltage generator calibration test is carried out, a common metering method is to connect a standard voltage divider with higher precision grade and a metered voltage divider in parallel to a surge voltage generator device. Namely, the discharging end of the impulse voltage generator is connected with a voltage divider to be measured, and the voltage divider is connected with an oscilloscope. Meanwhile, a discharge end of the impulse voltage generator is also connected with a standard voltage divider and an oscilloscope which are used for calibration, and the standard voltage divider is used for calibrating the accuracy of the measured voltage divider.
Then, for the measured device which is not higher than the rated voltage value of the standard voltage divider, a worker can carry the detection calibration device to the site for test detection, and the measurement of the measured voltage divider and the measurement system thereof is realized by comparing the difference between the voltage value (i.e. the measured value) of the measured voltage divider collected by the measurement system and the voltage value (generally regarded as the true value) of the standard voltage divider collected by the standard measurement system, thereby obtaining a correction factor.
For the measured equipment exceeding the rated voltage value of the standard voltage divider, especially for the extra-high voltage test products, on one hand, the range of the standard measurement system cannot meet the impulse voltage of a field impulse voltage generator, and on the other hand, the impulse voltage generator in an extra-high voltage test hall is large in size, complex in structure and not easy to detach for inspection, but a calibration mechanism cannot carry the impulse voltage divider with a higher voltage grade to the field calibration, so that the impulse voltage of 1200kV or above voltage grade can not be calibrated by using the method of directly comparing the impulse voltage dividers, and the calibration work is blocked and is difficult to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calibration system and a calibration method for an impulse voltage generator based on ohm's law.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a calibration system based on an ohm law impulse voltage generator comprises a standard impulse voltage divider, an impulse current collector, a calibrated impulse voltage generator and a calibration test measurement and control center, wherein the standard impulse voltage divider is connected in parallel with the calibrated impulse voltage generator; when the impulse voltage value is within the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, recording the impulse voltage and the impulse current through the standard impulse voltage divider, and calculating the calibration resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator by using ohm's law through the impulse voltage and the impulse current; and when the impulse voltage value exceeds the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the standard impulse voltage divider is moved away, an impulse voltage test is carried out outside the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the impulse current value of each time is recorded, and then the impulse current value is multiplied by the calibration resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator, so that the calibration voltage value is obtained according to ohm's law.
The calibration method based on the ohm law-based impulse voltage generator comprises the following steps of:
a: firstly, connecting a standard impulse voltage divider in parallel to a calibrated impulse voltage generator, connecting an impulse current collector in series to the calibrated impulse voltage generator, electrically connecting the calibrated impulse voltage generator with a calibration test measurement and control center to ensure stable connection, and finishing preparation work;
b: if the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is within the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, called as the full detection range, the standard impulse voltage divider is adopted to calibrate the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
b1: taking 5 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, wherein the calibration points are 20%, 40%, 60%,80% and 100% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated respectively;
b2: then 10 times of calibration tests are carried out on each calibration point, and the impulse voltage value of each time is recordedU Punching machine And a value of impulse currentI Punching machine ；
C: if the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is within 5 times of the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the impulse range is called as a half-detection range, and then the standard impulse voltage divider is adopted to carry out half-detection calibration on the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
c1: firstly, according to the connection mode of the step A, in the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, 2 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated are taken firstly, wherein the calibration points are respectively 10% and 20% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
c2: then 10 calibration tests are carried out for each calibration point in the step C1, and the impulse voltage value of each time is recordedU Punching machine And a value of impulse currentI Punching machine (ii) a Meanwhile, the stable impulse voltage value of each calibration point is calculated by using a variance formulaU Stable And stabilizing the value of the rush currentI Stable ；
C3: if the stable surge voltage value obtained in the step C2U Stable And stabilizing the value of the rush currentI Stable Satisfy the variance valueLess than 1%, and calculating the calibration resistance of the calibrated impulse generator by using ohm's lawR School (ii) a Calibration resistance at this timeR School Is a constant value;
c4: removing the standard impulse voltage divider in the step A, carrying out impulse voltage test outside the measurement range of the standard impulse voltage divider, and taking 4 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, wherein the 4 calibration points are respectively 40%, 60%,80% and 100% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
c5: 10 calibration tests were performed for each calibration point in step C4, and the impact current value was recorded 10 times for each calibration pointI Outer cover ；
C6: then the impact current value is measuredI Outer cover Calibrated resistance to calibrated impulse generatorR School Multiplying, and obtaining the calibration voltage value of each point according to ohm's lawU School ；
D: the calibration voltage value of each point obtained according to the step C6U School And then the standard voltage value sent by the calibration test measurement and control centerU Sign board And comparing to make a calibration decision for the calibrated impulse generator.
The method comprises the steps that a standard impulse voltage divider is connected in parallel with a calibrated impulse voltage generator, the consistency of calibration conditions is guaranteed, an impulse voltage is synchronously sent to the standard impulse voltage divider or the calibrated impulse voltage generator through a calibration test measurement and control center, an impulse current collector connected in series with the calibrated impulse voltage generator is used for collecting an impulse current value, when the impulse voltage value is within the measurement range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the impulse voltage and the impulse current are recorded through the standard impulse voltage divider, and the calibration resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator is calculated through the impulse voltage and the impulse current by using an ohm law; when the impulse voltage value exceeds the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the standard impulse voltage divider is removed, an impulse voltage test is carried out outside the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the impulse current value of each time is recorded, and then the impulse current value is multiplied by the calibration resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator, and the calibration voltage value is obtained according to the ohm law.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the invention can finish the calibration work within the measurement range or beyond range only by adopting a small-range standard impulse voltage divider, and meets the calibration precision.
2) The method calculates the resistance value of the standard impulse voltage divider based on the ohm law, utilizes the ohm law to reversely push under the condition of knowing the resistance value of the fixed value, thereby calibrating the over-range calibrated impulse voltage generator, utilizes the least calibration equipment to finish the over-range calibration, not only has simple operation, but also greatly improves the safety of the working environment for the working personnel when the working personnel work in the non-ultrahigh pressure environment.
3) When the external inspection calibration work is needed, the standard impact voltage divider with a large range does not need to be pulled, the labor intensity of the external inspection work is greatly reduced, and the work efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the calibration system based on the ohm's law impulse voltage generator of the present invention includes a standard impulse voltage divider, an impulse current collector, a calibrated impulse voltage generator and a calibration test measurement and control center; the standard impulse voltage divider is connected in parallel with the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, the impulse current collector collects the current of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is communicated with the calibration test measurement and control center, and the calibration test measurement and control center controls the impulse work; when the impulse voltage value is within the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, recording the impulse voltage and the impulse current through the standard impulse voltage divider, and calculating the calibration resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator by using ohm's law through the impulse voltage and the impulse current; when the impulse voltage value exceeds the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the standard impulse voltage divider is removed, an impulse voltage test is carried out outside the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the impulse current value of each time is recorded, and then the impulse current value is multiplied by the calibration resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator, and the calibration voltage value is obtained according to the ohm law.
The invention relates to a calibration method of an ohm law-based impulse voltage generator, which comprises the following steps of:
a: firstly, connecting a standard impulse voltage divider in parallel to a calibrated impulse voltage generator, connecting an impulse current collector in series to the calibrated impulse voltage generator, electrically connecting the calibrated impulse voltage generator with a calibration test measurement and control center to ensure stable connection, and finishing preparation work;
b: if the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is within the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, called as the full detection range, the standard impulse voltage divider is adopted to calibrate the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
b1: taking 5 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, wherein the calibration points are 20%, 40%, 60%,80% and 100% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated respectively;
b2: then 10 times of calibration tests are carried out on each calibration point, and the impulse voltage value of each time is recordedU Punching machine And the value of the impact currentI Punching machine ；
C: if the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is within 5 times of the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the impulse range is called as a half-detection range, and then the standard impulse voltage divider is adopted to carry out half-detection calibration on the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
c1: firstly, according to the connection mode of the step A, in the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, 2 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated are taken firstly, wherein the calibration points are respectively 10% and 20% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
c2: then 10 calibration tests are carried out for each calibration point in the step C1, and the impulse voltage value of each time is recordedU Punching machine And the value of the impact currentI Punching machine (ii) a Meanwhile, the stable impulse voltage value of each calibration point is calculated by using a variance formulaU Stable And stabilizing the impulse current valueI Stable ；
C3: if the stable surge voltage value obtained in step C2U Stable And stabilizing the value of the rush currentI Stable Satisfy the variance valueLess than 1%, and calculating the calibration resistance of the calibrated impulse generator by using ohm's lawR School (ii) a Calibration resistance at this timeR School Is a constant value;
c4: removing the standard impulse voltage divider in the step A, carrying out impulse voltage test outside the measurement range of the standard impulse voltage divider, and taking 4 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, wherein the 4 calibration points are respectively 40%, 60%,80% and 100% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
c5: 10 calibration tests were performed for each calibration point in step C4, and the impact current value was recorded 10 times for each calibration pointI Outer cover ；
C6: then the impact current value is measuredI Outer cover Calibrated resistance to calibrated impulse generatorR School Multiplying, and obtaining the calibration voltage value of each point according to ohm's lawU School ；
D: the calibration voltage value of each point obtained according to the step C6U School And then the standard voltage value sent out by the calibration test measurement and control centerU Sign board And comparing to make a calibration decision for the calibrated impulse generator.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The method is applied to the calibration test of the impulse voltage generator, and the accurate calibration work is completed by using the simple ohm law and the minimum equipment.
Firstly, checking whether the range of a calibrated impulse voltage generator is within the measuring range of a standard impulse voltage divider or not, and performing calibration tests in three conditions according to the conditions;
first, full-range calibration
And the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is within the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, which is called as the full detection range, and then the standard impulse voltage divider is adopted to calibrate the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated. For example: the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is 10Kv-1OO Kv, and the range of the standard impulse voltage divider is 1Kv-2OO Kv.
Firstly, taking 5 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, wherein the calibration points are respectively 20%, 40%, 60%,80% and 100% of the maximum value of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated; specifically 20 Kv, 40 Kv, 60 Kv, 80 Kv,100 Kv.
Then, 10 calibration tests were performed for each calibration point, and the surge voltage value was recorded for each timeU Punching machine And the value of the impact currentI Punching machine . And finishing calibration after the recording is finished.
The results are reported in table 1 below:
second, over-range calibration
If the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is within 5 times of the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the impulse range is called as an over-range, and the standard impulse voltage divider can be used for performing the over-range on the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated; for example: the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is 10Kv-1OO0Kv, the range of the standard impulse voltage divider is 1Kv-2OO Kv, and the condition that the range of the standard impulse voltage divider is 5 times is met.
Firstly, the calibration is divided into two stages, the first stage is conventional calibration, and the impact range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is within 2OO Kv to carry out calibration test according to a full-range calibration mode; the second stage is estimation calibration, the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is more than 2OO Kv, and a calibration test is carried out according to another mode, which comprises the following specific steps:
the first stage is as follows:
aiming at the range within 1Kv-2OO Kv of the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, 2 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated are taken firstly, wherein the calibration points are respectively 10% and 20% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated; namely 1OO Kv and 2OO Kv; then 10 times of calibration tests are carried out for each calibration point, and the impulse voltage value of each time is recordedU Punching machine And a value of impulse currentI Punching machine ；
The results are reported in table 2 below:
meanwhile, the stable impulse voltage value of each calibration point is calculated by using a variance formulaU Stable And stabilizing the impulse current valueI Stable (ii) a According to the data in the tableU Stable =99.46，I Stable =100.3；U Stable =193.9，I Stable =19.55；
If the stable impulse voltage value is obtainedU Stable And stabilizing the value of the rush currentI Stable Satisfy the variance valueLess than 1%, and calculating the calibrated resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator by using ohm's lawR School ；R Stable = 9.92; at this time, the calibration resistance valueR School Is a constant value.
At this point, the first stage of testing is complete.
And a second stage:
removing the standard impulse voltage divider, performing impulse voltage test outside the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, namely within the range of 2OO Kv-10OO Kv, and taking 4 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, wherein the 4 calibration points are respectively points which are 40%, 60%,80% and 100% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated; namely 4OO Kv, 6OO Kv, 8OO Kv,10 OO Kv.
Thereafter, 10 calibration tests were performed for 4 calibration points, and the impact current value was recorded 10 times for each calibration pointI Outer cover ；
The results are reported in table 3 below:
then, the impact current value is measured againI Outer cover Calibrated resistance to calibrated impulse generatorR School Multiplying, and obtaining the calibration voltage value of each point according to ohm's lawU School ；
Finally, according to the obtained calibration voltage value of each pointU School And then the standard voltage value sent out by the calibration test measurement and control centerU Sign board And comparing to make a calibration decision for the calibrated impulse generator.
The calibration determination results are as follows:
in order to ensure the accuracy of the standard voltage emitted by the measurement and control center of the calibration test, the source tracing is carried out, and the source tracing method adopts full-range calibration.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A calibration system based on ohm's law impulse voltage generator, characterized in that: the device comprises a standard impulse voltage divider, an impulse current collector, a calibrated impulse voltage generator and a calibration test measurement and control center, wherein the standard impulse voltage divider is connected in parallel with the calibrated impulse voltage generator; when the impulse voltage value is within the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, recording the impulse voltage and the impulse current through the standard impulse voltage divider, and calculating the calibration resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator by using ohm's law through the impulse voltage and the impulse current; when the impulse voltage value exceeds the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the standard impulse voltage divider is removed, an impulse voltage test is carried out outside the measuring range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the impulse current value of each time is recorded, and then the impulse current value is multiplied by the calibration resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator, and the calibration voltage value is obtained according to the ohm law.
2. The method for the calibration of an ohm's law based impulse voltage generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
a: firstly, connecting a standard impulse voltage divider in parallel to a calibrated impulse voltage generator, connecting an impulse current collector in series to the calibrated impulse voltage generator, electrically connecting the calibrated impulse voltage generator with a calibration test measurement and control center to ensure stable connection, and finishing preparation work;
b: if the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is within the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, called as the full detection range, the standard impulse voltage divider is adopted to calibrate the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
b1: taking 5 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, wherein the calibration points are 20%, 40%, 60%,80% and 100% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated respectively;
b2: then 10 times of calibration tests are carried out for each calibration point, and the impulse voltage value of each time is recordedU Punching machine And a value of impulse currentI Punching machine ；
C: if the impulse range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated is within 5 times of the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, the impulse range is called as a half-detection range, and the standard impulse voltage divider is adopted to perform half-detection calibration on the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
c1: firstly, according to the connection mode of the step A, in the range of the standard impulse voltage divider, 2 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated are taken firstly, wherein the calibration points are respectively 10% and 20% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
c2: then 10 calibration tests are carried out for each calibration point in the step C1, and the impulse voltage value of each time is recordedU Punching machine And the value of the impact currentI Punching machine (ii) a Meanwhile, the stable impulse voltage value of each calibration point is calculated by using a variance formulaU Stable And stabilizing the value of the rush currentI Stable ；
C3: if the stable surge voltage value obtained in the step C2U Stable And stabilizing the value of the rush currentI Stable The variance value is less than 1%, and the calibration resistance value of the calibrated impulse generator is calculated by using ohm's lawR School (ii) a Calibration resistance at this timeR School Is a constant value;
c4: removing the standard impulse voltage divider in the step A, carrying out impulse voltage test outside the measurement range of the standard impulse voltage divider, and taking 4 calibration points in the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated, wherein the 4 calibration points are respectively 40%, 60%,80% and 100% of the range of the impulse voltage generator to be calibrated;
c5: 10 calibration tests were performed for each calibration point in step C4, and the impact current value was recorded 10 times for each calibration pointI Outer cover ；
C6: then the impact current value is measuredI Outer cover Calibrated resistance to calibrated impulse generatorR School Multiplying, and obtaining the calibration voltage value of each point according to ohm's lawU School ；
D: the calibration voltage value of each point obtained according to the step C6U School And then the standard voltage value sent by the calibration test measurement and control centerU Sign board And comparing to make a calibration decision for the calibrated impulse generator.
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