CN115088425A - Precision hole sowing device - Google Patents
Precision hole sowing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115088425A CN115088425A CN202210785365.4A CN202210785365A CN115088425A CN 115088425 A CN115088425 A CN 115088425A CN 202210785365 A CN202210785365 A CN 202210785365A CN 115088425 A CN115088425 A CN 115088425A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/002—Dibble seeders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/04—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
- A01C7/048—Seed tape planters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/16—Seeders with other distributing devices, e.g. brushes, discs, screws or slides
- A01C7/163—Gravity distributors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seeding in agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a precision hole seeding device which comprises a hole-assembling seeding mechanism, wherein the hole-assembling seeding mechanism comprises a seeding belt wheel and a seed storage belt wheel which are arranged at intervals, a flexible seeding belt is connected to the seeding belt wheel and the seed storage belt wheel, a plurality of concave hole holes are arranged on the outer side surface of the seeding belt along the length direction at intervals, the diameter of the seeding belt wheel is smaller than that of the seed storage belt wheel, the axes of the seeding belt wheel and the seed storage belt wheel are horizontal and parallel to each other, and the bottoms of the two wheels are positioned on the same horizontal plane so that the corresponding seeding belt section is in a horizontal state; the middle part of one side of the seed storage belt wheel, which is far away from the seeding belt wheel, to the seeding belt section corresponding to the top of the seed storage belt wheel form a hole-assembling working section; the sowing belt wheel is far away from the middle part of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel to the sowing belt section corresponding to the bottom of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel to form a sowing working section. The hole-assembling working section of the device can stably bear the rice seeds output by the population separation mechanism; the time for switching the hole on the sowing working section from the horizontal state to the completely downward state is short, and the sowing hole forming performance can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seeding in agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a precision hole seeding device.
Background
The direct seeding cultivation technique of rice is a cultivation method for directly seeding rice seeds in a field by mechanical equipment, and has gradually become an important cultivation mode for rice production due to the advantages of simplified process, labor reduction, high yield, high efficiency and the like. Mechanical equipment developed aiming at the technology is multiple, the key point of research and development is the realization of two main functional parts of hole group and seeding, the current related equipment adopts a rigid seeding disc structure, in order to group the continuity of hole and seeding, the diameter of the disc structure is required to be larger, and the holes uniformly distributed are arranged on the circumference of the disc structure as much as possible, when the holes rotate upwards along with the disc structure, the rice seeds meeting the quantity requirement are placed in the holes to group the holes, when the holes rotate downwards along with the disc structure, the seeding is carried out, and the operation is carried out in a circulating manner. But the curvature radius on whole seeding disc structure circumference is the same, when the cave hole that has splendid attire the kind of rice rotated along with disc structure, after the horizontal radius of water, continued downwards, can not only the kind of rice in a cave hole have the trend that drops downwards to, the cave hole needs certain time from slope down gradually to being vertical downwards orientation completely, leads to the kind of rice to pour out, the process time of seeding is longer, has influenced the cavitation nature of seeding.
The rice compound hill planter disclosed by the traditional pure mechanical structure device CN104285551A adopts a partition plate flow guide type hill planter which is of a rigid disc structure, a plurality of rice seed sowing holes are uniformly distributed on the hill planter in the circumferential direction at intervals, rice seeds enter the hill planter from a rice seed supply pipe after passing through a seed sowing device, then are thrown out of the sowing holes along with the tangent line of the hill planter under the action of rotation, and the sowing mode has poor hole forming property and influences the sowing quality and the yield. CN108076742A discloses smart volume hill-drop planter of rice, through the electromechanical combination, can solve its problem that exists, has also adopted the transfer disc equally on the transfer disc, has evenly distributed many grain storage rooms, because have horizontal radius after, the rice seed in the grain storage room that has splendid attire the rice seed all can have the possibility that drops downwards, and it has set up the valve by touch switch control at the oral area correspondence of each grain storage room, plays the function of similar kind of protection mechanism, and the valve is opened to the grain storage room rotates to be vertical state downwards, lets the rice seed in this grain storage room accurately drop to the seeding passageway and go, has improved the cave nature that becomes of seeding. However, the touch switch and the valve are correspondingly arranged at the mouth of each grain storage chamber, so that the complexity of the structure is improved, and the possibility of damaging rice seeds by pulling exists in the sliding opening process of the valve. How to seek a better solution, ensure the smooth proceeding of the processes of hole grouping and seeding and ensure the hole forming performance of seeding is one of the research directions for further optimization and improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a precision hole sowing device, which solves the problems that rice seeds in a plurality of hole holes can fall downwards simultaneously, the time of the rice seed falling process is long, and the hole forming performance of sowing is influenced on the conventional sowing disc, and achieves the effects of ensuring the smooth hole forming and sowing processes and improving the hole forming performance of sowing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the precise hole sowing device comprises an outer shell, wherein a population separating mechanism is arranged in the outer shell, the output of the population separating mechanism is connected with a hole sowing mechanism to output rice seeds to the population separating mechanism, and the hole sowing mechanism is used for hole sowing and sowing of the rice seeds; the hole-sowing mechanism comprises small-diameter sowing belt wheels and large-diameter seed storage belt wheels which are arranged at intervals, flexible sowing belts are jointly connected with the small-diameter sowing belt wheels and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheels in a tensioning manner, a plurality of concave hole holes are arranged on the outer side surface of the sowing belt at intervals along the length direction of the sowing belt,
the diameter of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel is smaller than that of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, the axes of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel are both horizontally arranged and are parallel to each other, and the bottoms of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel are positioned on the same horizontal plane so that the corresponding seeding belt section is in a horizontal state;
the middle part of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, which is far away from the small-diameter seeding belt wheel, to the corresponding seeding belt section at the top of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel form a group hole working section, and the output of the population separating mechanism is connected with the group hole working section so as to output the rice seeds into hole holes on the group hole working section;
the seeding band section that the middle part that major diameter seed storage band wheel one side was kept away from to its bottom corresponds is formed into the seeding working section to minor diameter seeding band wheel, the below of seeding working section is seted up in the correspondence on the shell body and is gone up grain hole.
Further perfecting the technical scheme, the straight line distance between the adjacent holes on the seeding belt is not less than one fourth of the circumference of the outer circumference of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel.
Furthermore, the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel comprises a mandrel part and two radial plates which are respectively and fixedly connected with the two ends of the mandrel part and are opposite to each other in parallel, a lower segmentation wheel, a middle segmentation wheel and an upper segmentation wheel are rotatably connected between the two radial plates, the lower segmentation wheel, the middle segmentation wheel and the upper segmentation wheel are all positioned on the outer side of the mandrel part, and the axes of the lower segmentation wheel, the middle segmentation wheel and the upper segmentation wheel are all parallel to the axis of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel;
the lower segmenting wheel is positioned at the lower part of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, which is far away from the small-diameter seeding belt wheel, and the bottom of the lower segmenting wheel and the bottom of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel are positioned on the same horizontal plane;
the middle segmentation wheel is positioned in the middle of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, which is far away from the small-diameter seeding belt wheel; the upper segmenting wheel is positioned at the upper part of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, and the top of the upper segmenting wheel is higher than that of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel;
the seeding belt is connected to the small-diameter seeding belt wheel, the lower segmenting wheel, the middle segmenting wheel and the upper segmenting wheel in a tensioning manner; the mandrel part and the two radial plates of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel are fixed relative to the outer shell;
the seeding belt section between the middle subsection wheel and the upper subsection wheel is formed into the hole-group working section.
Furthermore, the hole is located in the middle of the outer side surface of the sowing belt, and blocking edges which extend for a circle along the length direction of the sowing belt are respectively and vertically and upwards convexly arranged on the two sides of the hole on the outer side surface of the sowing belt.
Further, a seeding belt section which is a straight-line section between the hole-group working section and the seeding working section is formed into a hole seed conveying section; the seed protection mechanism is also arranged in the outer shell and comprises two seed protection belt wheels which are arranged at intervals, the two seed protection belt wheels are jointly tensioned and connected with a flexible seed protection belt, and a plurality of seed protection baffles are convexly arranged on the outer side surface of the seed protection belt at intervals along the length direction of the seed protection belt;
the axes of the two seed protection belt wheels are horizontally arranged and are parallel to each other, the seed protection belt is positioned above the hole seed conveying section, the seed protection belt section which is close to the hole seed conveying section and is in a straight line section part forms a seed protection working section, the seed protection working section is parallel to the hole seed conveying section, the length of the seed protection working section is greater than that of the hole seed conveying section and covers the hole seed conveying section, and a seed protection baffle on the seed protection working section extends into a position between two side retaining edges on the hole seed conveying section;
the linear distance between the adjacent holes on the seeding belt is the same as the linear distance between the adjacent seed protection baffles on the seed protection belt, and the holes on the seed hole conveying section are positioned between the two corresponding seed protection baffles;
the seed protection mechanism is in transmission connection with the hole sowing mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the linear speed of the seed protection belt is the same as that of the sowing belt.
Furthermore, the population separating mechanism comprises a seed box, the seed box is fixedly connected in the outer shell, the bottom of the seed box is connected with a screening unit through a downward pipeline, the screening unit comprises a screening box body with an open top end and a side face, the bottom of the screening box body is connected to the outer shell through a vibrator, and the bottom of the seed box is communicated with the upper end of the screening box body through a downward pipeline so that rice seeds in the seed box can be replenished and fall into the screening box body; the bottom of one side surface of the opening of the screening box body is connected with a guide plate which extends outwards, the guide plate extends downwards in an inclined mode, and the free end of the guide plate is output and connected with the group cavity working section; the uncovered side of screening box body can be dismantled and is connected with hourglass grate plate, leaks evenly on the grate plate and is covered with the grain hole of crossing that runs through so that the seed rice in the screening box body falls out to the guide plate along with the vibration from crossing the grain hole.
Furthermore, a plurality of layers of grate separating plates are arranged in the screening box body at intervals up and down so as to separate rice seeds in the screening box body into layers, so that the efficiency of falling out of the grain passing holes is improved, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the grate separating plates; the guide plate is of a gradually narrowing structure from the connecting end to the free end, the free end of the guide plate extends to the two side blocking edges of the hole-assembling working section, the middle part of the free end of the guide plate extends and is convexly provided with a tongue plate, and the tongue plate extends to the position between the two side blocking edges so as to convey rice seeds into the hole; the both sides of guide plate are connected with ascending side vertical guard plate, and the one end that the free end of side vertical guard plate and guide plate corresponds has the extension that is adapted in group cave working section, and two extensions are parallel just to.
Furthermore, a driving motor is connected in the outer shell; the small-diameter seeding belt wheel is synchronously and rotatably connected to the driving shaft A, the two protective belt wheels are respectively and synchronously and rotatably connected to the driving shaft B and the driving shaft C, and two ends of the driving shaft A, the driving shaft B and the driving shaft C are respectively and rotatably connected to two side walls of the outer shell; the driving shaft A is in transmission connection with the driving shaft B or the driving shaft C through the transmission mechanism, and the driving motor is in driving connection with the driving shaft A, the driving shaft B or the driving shaft C.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the precision hole sowing device is different from the traditional rigid sowing disc structure form, and adopts the small-diameter sowing belt wheel and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel with different diameters and the flexible sowing belt to form a combined hole-forming sowing mechanism, so that the curvature radius of each working period on the sowing belt can be changed, and the defects of the traditional rigid sowing disc structure form are overcome; the group cave working section which is positioned on one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel and is in an inclined straight line shape still keeps the stable performance of stably bearing the rice seeds output by the group separation mechanism, and the group separation mechanism is more convenient to convey the rice seeds to the group cave working section because the hole has a certain time length in the running process on the group cave working section and the direction of the hole is unchanged, the rice seeds have the opportunity of being filled into the hole for many times, and the design of the group separation mechanism can be more flexible;
the seeding working section is positioned on one side of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel, and the diameter of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel is smaller, so that the time for switching the hole in the seeding working section from a horizontal state to a completely downward state can be effectively shortened, correspondingly, the time for the process of pouring out and seeding rice in the hole is shorter, and the seeding hole forming property can be improved; and only one hole is arranged on the sowing working section for rice seed pouring and sowing, so that the hole forming effect of sowing is further guaranteed.
2. The precision hole sowing device is matched with the hole-assembling sowing mechanism, and is also provided with the seed protecting mechanism, a hole containing the rice seeds after hole assembling is always positioned between the two seed protecting baffles on the hole seed conveying section, so that the precision hole sowing device can be effectively protected, and the rice seeds stored in the hole holes are prevented from jumping out of the hole holes before sowing.
3. The precision hole sowing device is matched with the hole-combination sowing mechanism, and is also provided with a population separating mechanism, so that the precision hole sowing device is simple and reliable in structure.
4. The precision hole sowing device can adjust the inclination angle of the hole forming working section when necessary, and can be better adapted to grain discharging and hole forming of different types of rice seeds by adjusting the frequency of the vibration transmitter in the population separating mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a precision hole seeding apparatus according to an embodiment (to show the inside, with a side wall of an outer casing portion hidden);
FIG. 2 is a side view (right side view) of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hole-grouping seeding mechanism in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view of FIG. 3 (with one side web of one of the large diameter seed storage pulleys hidden for illustration of the interior);
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the alternative angle of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a side view (right view) of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed protection mechanism in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a side view (right view) of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a population separation mechanism in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a screening unit in the population separating mechanism;
wherein, the outer shell 1, the grain outlet hole 11,
the population separating mechanism 2, the seed box 21, the screening unit 22, the screening box body 23, the grate plate 24, the guide plate 25, the tongue plate 26, the side vertical guard plate 27, the extension part 28, the vibrator 29, the shock absorption pad 291,
the hole-grouping seeding mechanism 3, a driving shaft A31, an external hexagonal shaft 32, a small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33, a large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34, a mandrel 341, a spoke 342, a switching hole 3421, a lower segmentation wheel 343, a middle segmentation wheel 344, an upper segmentation wheel 345, a seeding belt 35, a hole 351, a blocking edge 352, a hole-grouping working section 353, a hole-seed conveying section 354 and a seeding working section 355,
a seed protection mechanism 4, a drive shaft B41, a drive shaft C42, a seed protection belt wheel 43, a seed protection belt 44, a seed protection baffle 441, a seed protection working section 442,
a driving motor 5, a transmission mechanism 6 and a singlechip 7.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the precision hole sowing device of the embodiment includes an outer casing 1, a group separating mechanism 2 is arranged in the outer casing 1, the group separating mechanism 2 is connected with a hole-combining sowing mechanism 3 for outputting rice seeds, and the hole-combining sowing mechanism 3 is used for combining holes and sowing the rice seeds; the hole-group sowing mechanism 3 comprises a plurality of hole-group sowing units arranged in rows at intervals, each hole-group sowing unit comprises a small-diameter sowing belt wheel 33 and a large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 which are arranged at intervals, a flexible sowing belt 35 is jointly tensioned and connected on the small-diameter sowing belt wheel 33 and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34, the sowing belt 35 has a certain thickness, a plurality of concave hole holes 351 are arranged on the outer side surface of the sowing belt 35 at intervals along the length direction of the sowing belt, the hole holes 351 are of a non-penetrating counter bore structure,
the diameter of minor diameter seeding band pulley 33 is less than major diameter stores up kind of band pulley 34, and the axis of minor diameter seeding band pulley 33 and major diameter stores up kind of band pulley 34 all is horizontal setting and is parallel to each other. The bottoms of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33 and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 are positioned on the same horizontal plane so as to enable the corresponding seeding belt section to be in a horizontal state; the bottom of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33 can also be slightly lower than the bottom of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34;
the middle part of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 far away from the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33 to the seeding belt section corresponding to the top of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel form a hole-group working section 353, and the output of the seed-group separating mechanism 2 is connected with the hole-group working section 353 so as to output the rice seeds to hole holes 351 on the hole-group working section 353;
the middle part of the small-diameter sowing belt wheel 33 far from the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 to the sowing belt section corresponding to the bottom of the small-diameter sowing belt wheel is formed into a sowing working section 355, the outer shell 1 is correspondingly provided with a seed outlet hole 11 below the sowing working section 355, in the embodiment, the seed outlet hole 11 is formed by a downward pipeline, and the upper end of the pipeline is funnel-shaped so as to receive rice seeds falling from the hole 351 of the sowing working section 355.
The precision hole sowing device of the embodiment is different from the traditional rigid sowing disc structure form, a combined hole-forming sowing mechanism is formed by adopting the small-diameter sowing belt wheel 33 and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 with different diameters and the flexible sowing belt 35, the curvature radius of each working time period on the sowing belt 35 can be changed, and the defects of the traditional rigid sowing disc structure form are overcome; the group hole working section 353 on one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 still keeps the stable performance of stably receiving the rice seeds output by the seed group separating mechanism 2, and the seeding working section 355 on one side of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33 is smaller in diameter of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33, so that the time of switching the hole 351 on the seeding working section 355 from a horizontal state to a completely downward state can be effectively shortened relatively, correspondingly, the rice seeds are poured out from the hole 351, the seeding time is shorter, and the seeding hole forming performance can be improved.
When in implementation, any one of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33 and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 can be used as a driving wheel; the seeding belt 35 can adopt a tooth-shaped synchronous belt, namely the inner side surface of the seeding belt 35 is provided with tooth shapes, and the outer circumferences of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33 and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 are provided with tooth shapes matched with the tooth shapes.
Wherein, the straight line distance between the adjacent holes 351 on the seeding belt 35 is not less than one fourth of the circumference of the outer circumference of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33.
Thus, only one hole 351 which is positioned on the seeding working section 355 and used for rice seed pouring and seeding can be ensured, and the hole forming effect of seeding is further ensured.
With reference to fig. 4-6, the large diameter seed storage pulley 34 includes a core portion 341 and two opposite spokes 342 fixedly connected to two ends of the core portion 341 respectively, a lower segment wheel 343, an intermediate segment wheel 344 and an upper segment wheel 345 with the same diameter are rotatably connected between the two spokes 342, the lower segment wheel 343, the intermediate segment wheel 344 and the upper segment wheel 345 are all located outside the core portion 341 and the axes thereof are all parallel to the axis of the small diameter seed sowing pulley 33;
the lower segmenting wheel 343 is positioned at the lower part of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 far away from the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33, the bottom of the lower segmenting wheel 343 and the bottom of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, or the bottom of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33 is slightly lower than the bottom of the lower segmenting wheel 343;
the middle segmentation wheel 344 is positioned in the middle of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 far away from the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33; the upper segmenting wheel 345 is positioned at the upper part of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34, and the top of the upper segmenting wheel 345 is higher than that of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33;
the seeding belt 35 is connected on the small-diameter seeding belt wheel 33, the lower segmentation wheel 343, the middle segmentation wheel 344 and the upper segmentation wheel 345 in a tensioning manner; the spindle part 341 and the two spokes 342 of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 are fixed relative to the outer shell 1;
the sowing strip section in a straight section between the middle and upper segmented wheels 344, 345 is formed as the set of hole work sections 353.
Thus, a combined type large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34 is formed, the hole combination working section 353 is further made to be an inclined straight line section, the situation that the direction of a hole in the traditional rigid seeding disc structure is changed all the time is different, the direction of the hole 351 in the hole combination working section 353 in the inclined straight line section is stable, the stability of the seed output of the seed receiving and separating mechanism 2 can be better guaranteed, the seed conveying of the seed collecting and separating mechanism 2 is more convenient because the hole 351 has a certain time length in the operation process on the hole combination working section 353 and the direction of the hole is unchanged, the seed conveying of the seed collecting and separating mechanism 2 is more convenient, the seed has the opportunity of being filled into the hole 351 for multiple times, and the design of the seed collecting and separating mechanism 2 can be more flexible; the rice seeds which are not filled into the hole 351 cannot cross the inclined hole-assembling working section 353, so that the accuracy of hole assembling is guaranteed.
In addition, the rice seeds are different in type, some are long and sharp, and some are short and round, so that the operation requirements in the hole-forming process are not consistent. In the combined type 'large-diameter seed storage belt wheel 34' in the device, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of conversion holes 3421 are also symmetrically formed on two radial plates 342 so as to change and adjust the positions of the sectional wheels, particularly the positions of the middle sectional wheel 344 and the upper sectional wheel 345, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the hole-grouping working section 353 and adapting to different types of rice seeds. In practice, the small-diameter sowing belt wheel 33 serves as a driving wheel (also can be a lower segmentation wheel 343, a middle segmentation wheel 344 or an upper segmentation wheel 345) of the sowing belt 35, the sowing belt 35 can still adopt a tooth-shaped synchronous belt, and the outer circumferences of the small-diameter sowing belt wheel 33, the lower segmentation wheel 343, the middle segmentation wheel 344 and the upper segmentation wheel 345 are provided with tooth shapes matched with the tooth-shaped synchronous belt. From the mode of adjusting the inclination angle of group cave working section 353, can also select to establish mandrel portion 341 cover on outer hexagonal axle 32, outer hexagonal axle 32 both ends are connected on the both sides wall of shell body 1 through the excircle respectively for circular shape axle sleeve, outer hexagonal axle 32 does not rotate (fixed relative shell body 1) during normal use, when needing to adjust the inclination angle of group cave working section 353, can be after shutting down, outer hexagonal axle 32 is rotated to external force, also can change and adjust the angle of group cave working section 353. In this embodiment, the mandrel portions 341 of the large-diameter seed storage pulleys 34 of each group of hole sowing units are all sleeved on the outer hexagonal shaft 32.
The hole 351 is located in the middle of the outer side of the seed belt 35 in the width direction, and blocking edges 352 extending for a circle along the length direction of the seed belt 35 are respectively vertically and upwardly protruded on the two sides of the hole 351 on the outer side of the seed belt 35.
In this way, the output rice seeds of the population separating mechanism 2 can be better ensured to fall into the hole 351 in the process of hole combination.
With continued reference to fig. 6-8, the seeding strip segment in the straight segment between the hole-group 353 and seeding 355 is formed as a hole-seed conveying segment 354; the seed protection mechanism 4 is further arranged in the shell body 1, the seed protection mechanism 4 comprises a plurality of seed protection units which are arranged in rows at intervals, the seed protection units correspond to the group hole sowing units one by one, each seed protection unit comprises two seed protection belt wheels 43 which are arranged at intervals, the two seed protection belt wheels 43 are jointly tensioned and connected with a flexible seed protection belt 44, and a plurality of seed protection baffles 441 are convexly arranged on the outer side surface of the seed protection belt 44 at intervals along the length direction of the seed protection belt;
the axes of the two seed protecting belt wheels 43 are both horizontally arranged and parallel to each other, the seed protecting belt 44 is positioned above the hole seed conveying section 354, the seed protecting belt section which is close to the hole seed conveying section 354 and is in a straight line section forms a seed protecting working section 442, the seed protecting working section 442 is parallel to the hole seed conveying section 354, the length of the seed protecting working section 442 is larger than that of the hole seed conveying section 354 and covers the hole seed conveying section 354, and a seed protecting baffle 441 on the seed protecting working section 442 extends into a space between two side blocking edges 352 on the hole seed conveying section 354;
the linear distance between the adjacent holes 351 on the seed sowing belt 35 is the same as the linear distance between the adjacent seed protection baffles 441 on the seed protection belt 44, and the holes 351 on the seed hole conveying section 354 are positioned between the two corresponding seed protection baffles 441;
the seed protection mechanism 4 is in transmission connection with the hole-group sowing mechanism 3 through the transmission mechanism 6 and enables the linear speed of the seed protection belt 44 to be the same as that of the sowing belt 35.
Thus, the hole 351 containing the rice seeds after the hole combination is positioned between the two seed protection baffles 441 on the hole seed conveying section 354 all the time, which can be effectively protected and can avoid the rice seeds stored in the hole 351 from jumping out of the hole 351 before sowing.
In practice, in order to ensure the synchronism, the belt guard 44 may also be a toothed synchronous belt, that is, the inner side surface of the belt guard 44 has a tooth shape, and the outer circumferences of the two belt wheels 43 have tooth shapes adapted to the tooth shape.
With continued reference to fig. 9 and 10, the population separating mechanism 2 includes a seed box 21, the seed box 21 is fixedly connected in the outer casing 1, the bottom of the seed box 21 is connected to a screening unit 22 through a downward pipe, the screening units 22 are also a plurality of units arranged in rows at intervals and correspond to the bunch planting units one by one, the screening unit 22 includes a screening box body 23 with an open top end and a side surface, the bottom of the screening box body 23 is connected to the outer casing 1 through a vibrator 29, a shock absorbing pad 291 is arranged between the vibrator 29 and the outer casing 1, and the bottom of the seed box 21 is communicated with the upper end of the screening box body 23 through a downward pipe so that the rice seeds in the seed box 21 can be replenished into the screening box body 23; the bottom of the open side face of the screening box body 23 is connected with a guide plate 25 which extends outwards, the guide plate 25 extends downwards in an inclined mode, and the free end of the guide plate 25 is output and connected with the group cavity working section 353; the open side of screening box body 23 can dismantle and be connected with hourglass grate plate 24, evenly has the through-going grain hole of crossing so that the seed rice in the screening box body 23 falls out to guide plate 25 along with the vibration on hourglass grate plate 24.
Therefore, more rice seeds can be stored in the seed box 21, the device can be placed on the existing travelling mechanism as a whole to carry out sowing operation, and the rice seeds in the seed box 21 are automatically supplemented into the screening box body 23 along with vibration in the travelling process; the screening box 23 has a separate vibrator 29 (also called a vibrator) which can control the speed of population separation by controlling and adjusting the frequency or adjusting the amplitude after selecting the frequency, and is also convenient for matching the group cavity grain-discharging speed of different kinds of rice seeds.
Wherein, a plurality of layers of grate plates (not shown in the figure) are arranged in the screening box body 23 at intervals up and down so as to layer the rice seeds in the screening box body 23, thereby improving the efficiency of falling from the grain passing holes, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the grate plates; the guide plate 25 is of a structure gradually narrowing from the connecting end to the free end, the width of the free end of the guide plate 25 corresponds to the width of the seeding belt 35 and extends to the blocking edges 352 on two sides of the hole-grouping working section 353, a tongue plate 26 extends and protrudes from the middle of the free end of the guide plate 25, and the tongue plate 26 extends to a position between the blocking edges 352 on two sides so as to convey rice seeds into the hole 351; the two sides of the guide plate 25 are connected with upward side vertical guard plates 27, the two side vertical guard plates 27 are also in a gradually closing structure, one end of each side vertical guard plate 27, which corresponds to the free end of the guide plate 25, is provided with an upward inclined extension part 28 which is adapted to the group cavity working section 353, and the two extension parts 28 are opposite in parallel.
Therefore, due to the fact that the surfaces of the rice seeds are rough, the friction force between the stacked rice seeds is large, the flowability is poor, and after the grate plates which are spaced up and down are arranged, the problem that only the upper layer of rice seeds fall out of the grain passing holes under the condition of stacking can be solved, and the efficiency of the rice seeds falling out of the grain passing holes is improved; the arrangement of the tapered guide plate 25 and the side vertical protection plate 27 can widen the width of the grate plate 24 and ensure the grain discharging efficiency, and the arrangement of the tongue plate 26 and the extension part 28 can further ensure that the rice seeds are filled into the hole 351 and are prevented from jumping out.
Please refer to fig. 2, fig. 4-fig. 7, wherein the outer shell 1 is further connected with a driving motor 5 and a single chip microcomputer 7, and the single chip microcomputer 7 is connected with the driving motor 5 and each vibrator 29; in order to improve the driving and transmission efficiency, the small-diameter sowing belt wheels 33 of each group of hole sowing units are synchronously and rotatably connected to the driving shaft A31, the two seed protection belt wheels 43 of each seed protection unit are respectively and synchronously and rotatably connected to the driving shaft B41 and the driving shaft C42, and the two ends of the driving shaft A31, the driving shaft B41 and the driving shaft C42 are respectively and rotatably connected to the two side walls of the outer shell 1; the driving shaft A31 is in transmission connection with the driving shaft B41 or the driving shaft C42 through the transmission mechanism 6, and the driving motor 5 is in driving connection with the driving shaft A31, the driving shaft B41 or the driving shaft C42. In this embodiment, the driving motor 5 is connected to the driving shaft B41 through a toothed belt, the transmission mechanism 6 is two gears engaged with each other, and the two gears are respectively sleeved on the driving shaft B41 and the driving shaft a31 in a synchronous rotating manner, so that the synchronous movement of the bunch planting mechanism 3 and the seed protection mechanism 4 is realized. In practice, the transmission ratio and the diameter of each pulley may be set according to the requirements, and the size is not particularly limited.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The precision hole sowing device comprises an outer shell, wherein a population separating mechanism is arranged in the outer shell, the output of the population separating mechanism is connected with a hole-combining sowing mechanism so as to output rice seeds to the population separating mechanism, and the hole-combining sowing mechanism is used for combining holes and sowing the rice seeds; the method is characterized in that: the group hole sowing mechanism comprises small-diameter sowing belt wheels and large-diameter seed storage belt wheels which are arranged at intervals, flexible sowing belts are connected on the small-diameter sowing belt wheels and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheels in a tensioning mode together, a plurality of concave hole holes are arranged on the outer side surface of the sowing belt at intervals along the length direction of the sowing belt,
the diameter of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel is smaller than that of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, the axes of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel are both horizontally arranged and are parallel to each other, and the bottoms of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel and the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel are positioned on the same horizontal plane so that the corresponding seeding belt section is in a horizontal state;
the middle part of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, which is far away from the small-diameter seeding belt wheel, to the seeding belt section corresponding to the top of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel form a hole-group working section, and the output of the population separation mechanism is connected with the hole-group working section so as to output rice seeds into holes on the hole-group working section;
the middle part of one side of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel, which is far away from the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, is formed into a seeding working section to the seeding belt section corresponding to the bottom of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel, and the lower part of the seeding working section on the shell body is correspondingly provided with a seed outlet hole.
2. The precision hill planter apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the straight line distance between the adjacent holes on the seeding belt is not less than one fourth of the circumference of the outer circumference of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel.
3. The precision hill planter apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel comprises a mandrel part and two radial plates which are respectively and fixedly connected with the two ends of the mandrel part and are opposite to each other in parallel, a lower segmentation wheel, a middle segmentation wheel and an upper segmentation wheel are rotatably connected between the two radial plates, the lower segmentation wheel, the middle segmentation wheel and the upper segmentation wheel are all positioned on the outer side of the mandrel part, and the axes of the lower segmentation wheel, the middle segmentation wheel and the upper segmentation wheel are all parallel to the axis of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel;
the lower segmenting wheel is positioned at the lower part of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel far away from the small-diameter seeding belt wheel, and the bottom of the lower segmenting wheel and the bottom of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel are positioned on the same horizontal plane;
the middle segmentation wheel is positioned in the middle of one side of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, which is far away from the small-diameter seeding belt wheel; the upper segmenting wheel is positioned at the upper part of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel, and the top of the upper segmenting wheel is higher than that of the small-diameter seeding belt wheel;
the seeding belt is connected to the small-diameter seeding belt wheel, the lower segmenting wheel, the middle segmenting wheel and the upper segmenting wheel in a tensioning manner; the mandrel part and the two radial plates of the large-diameter seed storage belt wheel are fixed relative to the outer shell;
the seeding belt section between the middle subsection wheel and the upper subsection wheel is formed into the hole-group working section.
4. The precision hole seeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the hole is positioned in the middle of the outer side surface of the sowing belt, and blocking edges which extend for a circle along the length direction of the sowing belt are vertically and upwards convexly arranged on the two sides of the hole on the outer side surface of the sowing belt respectively.
5. The precision hole seeding device of claim 4, wherein: a seeding belt section which is a straight-line section between the hole-group working section and the seeding working section is formed into a hole seed conveying section; the seed protection mechanism is also arranged in the outer shell and comprises two seed protection belt wheels which are arranged at intervals, the two seed protection belt wheels are jointly tensioned and connected with a flexible seed protection belt, and a plurality of seed protection baffles are convexly arranged on the outer side surface of the seed protection belt at intervals along the length direction of the seed protection belt;
the axes of the two seed protection belt wheels are horizontally arranged and are parallel to each other, the seed protection belt is positioned above the hole seed conveying section, the seed protection belt section which is close to the hole seed conveying section and is in a straight line section part forms a seed protection working section, the seed protection working section is parallel to the hole seed conveying section, the length of the seed protection working section is greater than that of the hole seed conveying section and covers the hole seed conveying section, and a seed protection baffle on the seed protection working section extends into a position between two side retaining edges on the hole seed conveying section;
the linear distance between the adjacent holes on the seeding belt is the same as the linear distance between the adjacent seed protection baffles on the seed protection belt, and the holes on the seed hole conveying section are positioned between the two corresponding seed protection baffles;
the seed protection mechanism is in transmission connection with the hole sowing mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the linear speed of the seed protection belt is the same as that of the sowing belt.
6. The precision hole seeding device of claim 4, wherein: the population separating mechanism comprises a seed box, the seed box is fixedly connected in an outer shell, the bottom of the seed box is connected with a screening unit through a downward pipeline, the screening unit comprises a screening box body with an open top end and a side face, the bottom of the screening box body is connected to the outer shell through a vibrating device, and the bottom of the seed box is communicated with the upper end of the screening box body through a downward pipeline so that rice seeds in the seed box can be supplemented to fall into the screening box body; the bottom of one side surface of the opening of the screening box body is connected with a guide plate which extends outwards, the guide plate extends downwards in an inclined mode, and the free end of the guide plate is output and connected with the group cavity working section; the uncovered side of screening box body can be dismantled and is connected with hourglass grate plate, leaks evenly on the grate plate and is covered with the grain hole of crossing that runs through so that the seed rice in the screening box body falls out to the guide plate along with the vibration from crossing the grain hole.
7. The precision hill planter apparatus of claim 6 wherein: a plurality of layers of grate separating plates are arranged in the screening box body at intervals up and down so as to separate rice seeds in the screening box body into layers, so that the efficiency of falling out of the grain passing holes is improved, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the grate separating plates; the guide plate is of a gradually narrowing structure from the connecting end to the free end, the free end of the guide plate extends to the two side retaining edges of the group cave working section, the middle part of the free end of the guide plate extends and protrudes to be provided with a tongue plate, and the tongue plate extends to the position between the two side retaining edges so as to convey rice seeds into the cave holes; the both sides of guide plate are connected with ascending side vertical guard plate, and the one end that the free end of side vertical guard plate and guide plate corresponds has the extension that is adapted in group cave working section, and two extensions are parallel just to.
8. The precision hill planter apparatus of claim 5 wherein: a driving motor is also connected in the outer shell; the small-diameter seeding belt wheel is synchronously and rotatably connected to the driving shaft A, the two protective belt wheels are respectively and synchronously and rotatably connected to the driving shaft B and the driving shaft C, and two ends of the driving shaft A, the driving shaft B and the driving shaft C are respectively and rotatably connected to two side walls of the outer shell; the driving shaft A is in transmission connection with the driving shaft B or the driving shaft C through the transmission mechanism, and the driving motor is in driving connection with the driving shaft A, the driving shaft B or the driving shaft C.
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