CN218831310U - Air-suction type precision seeder - Google Patents
Air-suction type precision seeder Download PDFInfo
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- CN218831310U CN218831310U CN202223475896.8U CN202223475896U CN218831310U CN 218831310 U CN218831310 U CN 218831310U CN 202223475896 U CN202223475896 U CN 202223475896U CN 218831310 U CN218831310 U CN 218831310U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an air-aspiration type precision seeder, the technical field of seeding machinery. The pneumatic precise seeder comprises a seeder frame, wherein a pneumatic precise seeding device is arranged on the seeder frame, and the pneumatic precise seeding device comprises a negative pressure generating device and more than one pneumatic precise seeder; the air-aspiration type precision seeder comprises a rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism, a seed box and a remaining seed accommodating buffer structure; the rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism comprises a seed suction disc and a cavity channel type seed suction disc assembly shell; the remaining seed accommodating buffer structure comprises a remaining seed buffer cavity and a seed outlet section adjusting structure; the remaining seed buffer cavity is arranged above the seed outlet at the initial end of the seed conveying path and is used for accommodating and buffering seeds carried by the seed outlet at the initial end of the seed conveying path; the seed outlet section adjusting structure is arranged at the seed outlet of the seed box and used for adjusting the section of the seed outlet of the seed box according to the size of seeds so as to adjust the seed output amount of the seed outlet at the starting end of the seed conveying path. It has the characteristics of small miss-seeding rate, high seeding precision and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of seeding machinery.
Background
At present, the seed suction disc of the air-suction seeder is mostly downwards rotated by the seed box seed outlet, and a brush is arranged between the seed box seed outlet and the seed suction disc to separate seeds in the seed box seed outlet, so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction disc pass through and are conveyed to the seed sowing port for sowing. But because the seed size and the suction are unbalanced, the phenomenon that the seeds fall off after rushing through the hairbrush to cause waste and the phenomenon that the seeds adsorbed by the seed sucking holes are blocked by the hairbrush to cause seeding leakage still occurs. Some seeders adopt a mode that a seed suction disc is upwards rotated from a seed box outlet so as to avoid the problem of waste caused by the falling of redundant seeds.
Nevertheless, inhale the seed dish during upwards rotation because of producing frictional force with the seed, inevitably can go the seed by seed case output port is carried to influence the normal work of disseminator, in order to solve this problem, still adopt comparatively common technical means at present: a flexible material (generally adopting a brush) is arranged between a seed outlet at the initial end of a seed conveying path and a seed sucking disc, so that redundant seeds carried by the seed sucking disc when rotating are blocked in the seed outlet of a seed box, only the seeds adsorbed by a seed sucking hole are left to pass through, but the effect is not ideal after tests, the phenomena of waste caused by the fact that the seeds fall after being carried by the seed sucking disc and flushed through the brush and miss seeding caused by the fact that the seeds adsorbed by the seed sucking hole are scraped off by the brush still occur, the reasons are analyzed, the contact force between the flexible material and the seed sucking disc and the flexibility of the flexible material are influenced by different seed types, different rotating speeds of the seed sucking disc and different angles of the seeds randomly adsorbed by the seed sucking hole,
the seeds have different types and sizes, and smaller seeds can easily pass through the brush; when the rotation speed of the seed suction disc is higher, the upward kinetic energy of the carried seeds is higher and the seeds are easier to wash through the hairbrush; the angles of the seeds adsorbed by the seed sucking holes are different, the resulting gaps between the seed sucking holes and the seeds are different, the gas leakage is large due to the large gaps, and the adsorption force on the seeds is small. In view of the above different situations, the requirements for the contact force between the flexible material (brush) and the seed suction disc and the flexibility of the flexible material are different, so the contact force between the flexible material and the seed suction disc and the flexibility of the flexible material are not easy to control, and the above scheme is not ideal.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide an air-aspiration type precision planter, it has that the rate of leaking is little, characteristics such as seeding precision height.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is:
an air-suction type precision seeder comprises a seeder frame, wherein an air-suction type precision seeding device and a furrow opener are arranged on the seeder frame, and the air-suction type precision seeding device comprises a negative pressure generating device, a negative pressure pipe and more than one air-suction type precision seeder;
the air-aspiration type precision seeder comprises a rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism, a seeder transmission structure, a seed box and a remaining seed accommodating buffer structure;
the rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism comprises a seed suction disc and a cavity channel type seed suction disc assembly shell;
the seed suction disc is rotatably connected with the cavity channel type seed suction disc assembly shell, the seed suction disc is provided with seed suction holes which are annularly arranged by taking the rotation axis of the seed suction disc as the center, the size of each seed suction hole can enable one seed to be adsorbed on the seed suction holes, a section of circular arc-shaped seed suction hole rotating track from one side of the seed suction disc to the top of the seed suction disc upwards and downwards to the other side of the seed suction disc is an adsorption type seed conveying path, the cavity channel type seed suction disc assembly shell is provided with a groove corresponding to the position of the adsorption type seed conveying path, the seed suction disc is closely attached to the edge part of the groove to seal the groove into a seed suction cavity, and the seed suction cavity is provided with a seed suction cavity air suction port communicated with a negative pressure generating device to enable the seed suction cavity to generate negative pressure, so that the seed suction holes in the adsorption type seed conveying path generate adsorption force on the seeds; one end of the adsorption type seed conveying path is a seed conveying path starting end, and the other end of the adsorption type seed conveying path is a seed conveying path terminal end;
the seeder transmission structure is in transmission connection with the driving device to drive the seed sucking disc to rotate, and the rotation direction of the seeder transmission structure enables the seed sucking disc to be upwards rotated to the terminal end of the seed conveying path from the starting end of the seed conveying path to the top end of the seed conveying path in the adsorption type seed conveying path;
the edge part of the seed box seed outlet of the seed box is in clearance fit with the peripheral part of the starting end of the seed conveying path, so that the starting end of the seed conveying path receives seeds in the seed box, the seeds cannot fall off due to the fit clearance, and the seed conveying path starting end seed outlet is arranged at the upper edge part of the seed box seed outlet, so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed sucking holes and the seeds inevitably carried upwards by the seed sucking disc in the rotating process are conveyed out of the seed box seed outlet along the adsorption type seed conveying path;
the remaining seed accommodating buffer structure comprises a remaining seed buffer cavity and a seed outlet section adjusting structure;
the remaining seed buffer cavity is arranged above the seed outlet at the initial end of the seed conveying path and is used for accommodating and buffering seeds carried by the seed outlet at the initial end of the seed conveying path; the seed outlet section adjusting structure is arranged at the seed outlet of the seed box and used for adjusting the section of the seed outlet of the seed box according to the size of seeds so as to adjust the seed outlet amount of the seed outlet at the initial end of the seed conveying path and prevent the seed sucking disc from being blocked by excessive seeds carried upwards when rotating;
after the seed suction hole is moved out of the adsorption type seed conveying path terminal, the negative pressure generated by separating from the seed suction cavity loses the adsorption force on the seeds, so that the adsorbed seeds fall off to complete the precise seeding operation of the seeds.
The utility model discloses the further improvement lies in:
the air-suction type precision seeder also comprises a seed suction disc protecting shell, and the seed suction disc protecting shell and the cavity type seed suction disc assembling shell are oppositely arranged at the left and the right to contain the seed suction disc; the seed suction disc protection shell is provided with a seeding port and a seed conveying cavity, the seeding port is arranged below the seed suction disc protection shell, and the position of the seed conveying cavity is matched with the rotation track of the seed suction hole, so that the seed suction hole runs in the seed conveying cavity; the lower side wall of the seed conveying cavity channel is connected with the upper edge part of the sowing port in a smooth transition mode, so that seeds falling on the lower side wall of the seed conveying cavity channel are led out of the sowing port, one part of the seed suction disc protective shell is made of transparent materials, and a seed conveying path detection window is formed and used for observing the condition that the seed suction holes adsorb the seeds.
The outlet section adjusting structure comprises a flexible material baffle and a flexible material baffle supporting structure; the upper edge of the flexible material baffle is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the seed box seed outlet so as to be hung on the seed box seed outlet, the flexible material baffle supporting structure comprises a baffle supporting body and a baffle supporting body longitudinal sliding guide rail, and the baffle supporting body is in sliding connection with the seed box wall above the upper edge of the seed box seed outlet through the baffle supporting body longitudinal sliding guide rail; the baffle support body is positioned on one side of the flexible material baffle close to the seed suction disc so as to support the flexible material baffle when seeds flow towards the seed box seed outlet, thereby preventing the supported flexible material baffle from flowing out of the seed box seed outlet after being lifted by the seeds; along with the increase and decrease of the downward sliding displacement of the baffle supporting body, the area of the flexible material baffle for supporting is increased and decreased, so that the cross section of the seed outlet of the seed box is adjusted, and the seed amount carried out by the seed outlet at the starting end of the seed conveying path when the seed sucking plate rotates is adjusted.
The seed sucking holes are at least one group, and the seed sucking holes in each group are arranged on the circumference taking the rotating shaft center of the seed sucking disc as the center at equal intervals.
The air-suction type precision seeder is provided with a seed suction amount adjusting device, and the seed suction amount adjusting device is arranged on one side or two sides of the rotation track of the seed suction hole and is positioned above the remaining seed buffer cavity; the seed suction device comprises a seed suction amount adjusting handle, a remaining seed shifting block, a shifting block mounting structure and a remaining seed guide plate, wherein the shifting block mounting structure comprises a shifting block rotating shaft and an eccentric shaft, one end of the remaining seed shifting block is rotatably connected with a seed suction disc protective shell through the shifting block rotating shaft so as to form a remaining seed shifting block rotating connecting end, and the inner end of the eccentric shaft is rotatably connected with the remaining seed shifting block so as to form a free end of the remaining seed shifting block; the middle part of the eccentric shaft is rotationally connected with the seed sucking disc protecting shell, and the seed sucking amount adjusting handle is fixed at the outer end of the eccentric shaft; when the seed suction amount adjusting handle is rotated, the eccentric shaft is eccentrically rotated under the support of the seed suction disc protection shell, so that the free end of the remaining seed shifting block is driven to slightly deflect by taking the rotation connecting end of the remaining seed shifting block as the axis, the remaining seed shifting block is enabled to be close to or far away from the rotation track of the group of seed suction holes from one side of the rotation track of the seed suction holes, the remaining seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes deviated to the side are scraped, the remaining seed guide plate is arranged on the seed suction disc protection shell and used for guiding the remaining seeds scraped by the remaining seed shifting block into the remaining seed buffer cavity, and the seed suction holes only adsorb one seed, so that the accuracy of seeding is ensured.
The seed suction disc is rotatably connected with the cavity type seed suction disc assembly shell through a seed suction disc rotating shaft; the seeder transmission structure comprises a driven sprocket fixed on a rotating shaft of the seed suction disc, a driving sprocket and a seed suction disc transmission chain, wherein the driving sprocket and the seed suction disc transmission chain are rotatably connected with the cavity type seed suction disc assembly shell, the driven sprocket and the driving sprocket are rotatably connected through the seed suction disc transmission chain, an inner hole of the driving sprocket is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve, the inner hole of the shaft sleeve is a transmission hole, and the cross section of the inner hole is polygonal.
The seeder linkage shaft is connected with the transmission holes of the air-suction type precision seeders in a sliding fit mode, and the cross section of the seeder linkage shaft is a polygon matched with the cross section of the transmission holes so as to fix the two together in the circumferential direction.
A driving device, a wheel transmission chain and a seeding device transmission structure are arranged on the seeder frame;
the driving device comprises a diesel engine or a gasoline engine, a main clutch and a speed changer, wherein the speed changer converts the high-speed output of a power output shaft of the diesel engine or the gasoline engine into the low-speed high-torque power output of different gears through a driving wheel driving shaft of the speed changer, and the power transmission of the diesel engine or the gasoline engine and the speed changer is switched on or switched off through the main clutch; a driving wheel driving shaft of the speed changer drives a driving wheel to rotate through a driving wheel transmission chain;
the transmission structure of the seeding device comprises an auxiliary clutch, a seeder speed changer and a coupler, wherein a seeder driving shaft of the speed changer is converted into rotating speeds with different gears through the seeder speed changer and then is in transmission connection with a seeder linkage shaft through the coupler, so that a seed suction disc of each air-suction type precision seeder is driven to rotate; the driving shaft of the seeder is in transmission connection with the power output shaft of the main clutch through an auxiliary clutch positioned in the shell of the speed changer.
The negative pressure generating device is a high-pressure vortex fan, the high-pressure vortex fan is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the diesel engine or the gasoline engine through a belt, and an air suction port of the high-pressure vortex fan is communicated with air suction ports of seed suction cavities of all the air-suction precision seeders through a negative pressure pipe.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
the utility model discloses a remaining kind holds buffer structure and has avoided inhaling the kind of a dish and rotating the in-process, outwards takes the influence that the seed that goes out caused the seeding operation by seed case play in the mouth, does not influence the adsorbed seed of inhaling kind of a hole simultaneously and is being carried in the defeated kind route of absorption formula. The technical problems that the contact force of the flexible material and the seed suction disc and the flexibility of the flexible material are not well controlled are well solved.
It has the characteristics of small miss-seeding rate, high seeding precision and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an air-aspiration type precision seeder;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of an air-aspiration precision seeder;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of an air-aspiration precision seeder;
FIG. 6 is an assembly view of the air-suction type precision seeder;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a remaining accommodating buffer structure;
FIG. 8 is an isometric view of a remaining accommodating cushioning structure;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rotary suction type seed sowing mechanism and a seed suction amount adjusting device;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the chamber seed sucker assembly housing;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a cavity-type seed suction disc assembly housing and a transmission structure of a seeder;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the seed suction disk protection housing.
In the drawings: 1. a seeder frame; 2. a furrow opener; 3. seed sucking; 3-1, sucking the seed hole; 4. assembling a housing of the cavity type seed suction disc; 4-1, a groove; 4-1-1, bottom wall of the groove; 4-2. Air suction port of seed suction cavity; 5, seed box; 6, seed box seed outlet; 7, seed outlet at the initial end of the seed conveying path; 8, a residual seed buffer cavity; 9, a seed suction disc protecting shell; 9-1, a seeding port; 9-2, a seed conveying cavity; 9-2-1, the lower side wall of the seed conveying cavity; 9-3, a seed conveying path detection window; 10, a flexible material baffle; 11. a baffle support; 12. a seed suction amount adjusting handle; 13. the rest seed shifting blocks; 14. a remainder seed guide plate; 15. a shifting block rotating shaft; 16. an eccentric shaft; 17. a driven sprocket; 18. a drive sprocket; 19. a seed suction disc transmission chain; 20. a drive hole; 21. a shaft sleeve; 22. a seeder coupling shaft; 23. a diesel engine or a gasoline engine; 24. a main clutch; 25. a transmission; 26. a drive wheel drive shaft; 27. a driving wheel transmission chain; 28. a drive wheel; 29. a seeder transmission; 30. a coupling; 31. a seeder drive shaft; 32. a high pressure vortex fan; 33. the baffle support body longitudinally slides the guide rail; 34. a gasket; 35. a sealing gasket pressure plate; 36. a transmission gear lever of the seeder; 37. a drive wheel gear shift lever; 38. a seed suction disc rotating shaft; 39. a follow-up rear wheel; 40. a handrail.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description and the description of the attached drawings, and the specific connection mode of each part adopts the conventional means of mature bolts, rivets, welding, sticking and the like in the prior art, and the detailed description is not repeated.
As can be seen from the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 12, the present embodiment includes a seeder frame 1, an air-aspiration type precision seeding device and a furrow opener 2 are arranged on the seeder frame 1, the air-aspiration type precision seeding device includes a negative pressure generating device, a negative pressure pipe (not shown in the figure) and more than one air-aspiration type precision seeder;
the air-aspiration type precision seeder comprises a rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism, a seeder transmission structure, a seed box 5 and a remaining seed accommodating buffer structure;
the rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism comprises a seed suction disc 3 and a cavity channel type seed suction disc assembly shell 4;
the seed suction disc 3 is rotatably connected with the cavity channel type seed suction disc assembly shell 4, the seed suction disc 3 is provided with seed suction holes 3-1 which are annularly arranged by taking the rotating shaft center of the seed suction disc as the center, the size of the seed suction holes 3-1 can enable one seed to be adsorbed thereon, the seed suction disc can be replaced according to the type of the sowed seed so that the seed suction holes are adaptive to the sizes of different seeds, the distance between the seed suction holes is adaptive to the corresponding planting distance, the seed suction holes 3-1 rotate along the seed suction disc 3 to form a circular seed suction hole rotating track, a section of circular-arc-shaped seed suction hole rotating track from one side of the seed suction disc 3 upwards to the other side of the seed suction disc 3 through the top point is an adsorption type seed conveying path, the cavity channel type seed suction disc assembly shell 4 is provided with a groove 4-1 corresponding to the position of the adsorption type seed conveying path, the edge parts of the seed suction disc 3 and the groove 4-1 are closely attached together through a sealing gasket so as to seal the groove 4-1 into a seed suction chamber, the seed suction chamber is provided with a seed suction chamber 4-2 which is communicated with a negative pressure generating device through a negative pressure pipe (not shown in the negative pressure generating device so as to enable the seed suction hole to generate a seed suction port so as to generate seed conveying force for generating the seed suction path; one end of the adsorption type seed conveying path is a starting end of the seed conveying path, and the other end of the adsorption type seed conveying path is a terminal end of the seed conveying path;
the seeder transmission structure is in transmission connection with the driving device to drive the seed sucking disc 3 to rotate, and the rotation direction of the seeder transmission structure enables the seed sucking disc to be upwards rotated to the terminal end of the seed conveying path from the starting end of the seed conveying path to the top end of the top point of the seed conveying path in the adsorption type seed conveying path, so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed sucking disc 3-1 are conveyed to the terminal end of the seed conveying path from the starting end of the seed conveying path;
the edge part of the seed box seed outlet 6 of the seed box 5 is in clearance fit with the seed sucking disc 3 part positioned at the periphery of the starting end of the seed conveying path, so that the starting end of the seed conveying path receives seeds in the seed box 5, the seeds can not fall off through the fit clearance, and the seed conveying path starting end seed outlet 7 is arranged at the upper edge part of the seed box seed outlet 6, so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed sucking hole 3-1 and the seeds inevitably carried upwards by the seed sucking disc 3 in the rotating process are conveyed out from the seed box seed outlet 6 along the adsorption type seed conveying path;
the remaining seed accommodating buffer structure comprises a remaining seed buffer cavity 8 and a seed outlet section adjusting structure;
the remaining seed buffer cavity 8 is arranged above the seed outlet 7 at the initial end of the seed conveying path, so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed adsorbing hole 3-1 are conveyed in the adsorption type seed conveying path, and the seeds carried by the seed outlet 7 at the initial end of the seed conveying path of the seed adsorbing plate 3 are accommodated and buffered to prevent the seeds from falling; the seed outlet section adjusting structure is arranged at the position of the seed box seed outlet 6 and is used for adjusting the section of the seed box seed outlet 6 according to the size of seeds, so that the seed outlet amount of the seed outlet 7 at the starting end of a seed conveying path is adjusted, and excessive seeds carried upwards when the seed sucker 3 rotates are prevented from overflowing from the buffer cavity 8; the smaller the seed size, the smaller the cross section of the seed outlet 6 of the seed box needs to be adjusted.
In the remaining seed buffer cavity 8, when the seed suction disc 3 rotates, the frictional force that produces between seed suction disc 3 and the seed makes the seed produce ascending power, when it is balanced with the decurrent gravity of seed, the seed forms dynamic balance in the remaining seed buffer cavity 8, thereby make remaining seed buffer cavity 8 play and hold the cushioning effect to the seed that seed suction disc 3 was carried by the first end seed outlet 7 of seed conveying route, avoid the unnecessary seed that seed suction disc 3 carried to follow seed suction disc 3 and continue upwards the operation and influence normal seeding, do not influence the seed that seed suction disc 3-1 adsorbs simultaneously and carry at absorption formula seed conveying route.
After the seed suction hole 3-1 is moved out of the terminal of the adsorption type seed conveying path, the adsorption force on the seeds is lost due to the negative pressure generated by separating from the seed suction cavity, so that the adsorbed seeds fall off, and the seeding density is determined by the rotating speed of the seed suction disc 3 and the distance between the seed suction holes 3-1, so that the precise seeding operation of the seeds is completed.
The air-suction type precision seeder also comprises a seed suction disc protecting shell 9, wherein the seed suction disc protecting shell 9 and the cavity type seed suction disc assembling shell 4 are oppositely arranged at the left and the right to contain the seed suction disc 3; the seed suction disc protecting shell 9 is provided with a seeding port 9-1 and a seed conveying cavity 9-2, the seeding port 9-1 is arranged below the seed suction disc protecting shell 9, and the position of the seed conveying cavity 9-2 is matched with the rotation track of the seed suction hole, so that the seed suction hole 3-1 runs in the seed conveying cavity 9-2; the lower side wall 9-2-1 of the seed conveying cavity channel 9-2 is connected with the upper edge part of the sowing port 9-1 in a smooth transition mode so as to lead the seeds falling on the lower side wall 9-2-1 of the seed conveying cavity channel out of the sowing port 9-1, and one part of the seed suction disc protective shell 9 is made of transparent materials, so that a seed conveying path detection window 9-3 is formed and is used for observing the condition that the seed suction hole 3-1 adsorbs the seeds.
The section adjusting structure of the outlet comprises a flexible baffle 10 and a flexible baffle supporting structure; the upper edge of the flexible material baffle 10 is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the seed box seed outlet 6 so as to be hung on the seed box seed outlet 6, the flexible material baffle supporting structure comprises a baffle supporting body 11 and a baffle supporting body longitudinal sliding guide rail 33, and the baffle supporting body 11 is in sliding connection with the seed box wall above the upper edge of the seed box seed outlet 6 through the baffle supporting body longitudinal sliding guide rail 33; the baffle support body 11 is positioned on one side of the flexible material baffle 10 close to the seed suction disc 3 to support the flexible material baffle 10 when seeds flow towards the seed box seed outlet 6, so that the supported flexible material baffle 10 is prevented from flowing out of the seed box seed outlet 6 after being lifted by the seeds; along with the increase and decrease of the downward sliding displacement of the baffle support body 11, the area of the flexible material baffle 10 for supporting is increased and decreased, so that the function of adjusting the section of the seed box outlet opening 6 is achieved, and the seed quantity carried out by the seed conveying path starting end outlet opening 7 when the seed suction plate 3 rotates is adjusted.
The seed sucking holes 3-1 are at least one group, and the seed sucking holes 3-1 in each group are arranged on the circumference taking the rotating shaft center of the seed sucking disc 3 as the center at equal intervals.
When the seed suction hole 3-1 adsorbs more than one seed, a larger space is occupied on the seed suction hole 3-1, so that a wider rotating track is left when the seed suction hole 3-1 rotates, in order to ensure the accuracy of seeding, the seed suction hole 3-1 adsorbs one seed, the air-aspiration type precision seeder is provided with a seed suction amount adjusting device, and the seed suction amount adjusting device is arranged on one side or two sides of the rotating track of the seed suction hole and is positioned above the remaining seed buffer cavity 8; the seed suction device comprises a seed suction amount adjusting handle 12, a remaining seed shifting block 13, a shifting block mounting structure and a remaining seed guide plate 14, wherein the shifting block mounting structure comprises a shifting block rotating shaft 15 and an eccentric shaft 16, one end of the remaining seed shifting block 13 is rotatably connected with a seed suction disc protection shell 9 through the shifting block rotating shaft 15 so as to form a remaining seed shifting block rotating connecting end, and the inner end of the eccentric shaft 16 is rotatably connected with the remaining seed shifting block 13 so as to form a remaining seed shifting block free end; the middle part of the eccentric shaft 16 is rotationally connected with the seed sucking disc protecting shell 9, and the seed sucking amount adjusting handle 12 is fixed at the outer end of the eccentric shaft 16; when the seed suction amount adjusting handle 12 is rotated, the eccentric shaft 16 eccentrically rotates under the support of the seed suction disc protecting housing 9, so as to drive the free end of the remaining seed poking block to slightly deviate by taking the rotation connecting end of the remaining seed poking block as an axis, so that the remaining seed poking block 13 is close to or far away from the rotation track of the group of seed suction holes from one side of the rotation track of the seed suction holes, so as to perform millimeter-level positioning on the remaining seed poking block 13 at one side of the rotation track of the group of seed suction holes, scrape off the remaining seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes 3-1 which are deviated to the side, and the remaining seed guide plate 14 is arranged on the seed suction disc protecting housing 9 and is used for guiding the remaining seeds scraped off by the remaining seed poking block 13 into the remaining seed buffer chamber 8, so that the seed suction holes 3-1 can adsorb one seed, thereby ensuring the accuracy of seeding.
The seed suction disc 3 is rotatably connected with the cavity type seed suction disc assembly shell 4 through a seed suction disc rotating shaft 38; the seeder transmission structure comprises a driven sprocket 17 fixed on a seed suction disc rotating shaft 38, a driving sprocket 18 rotatably connected with the cavity type seed suction disc assembly shell 4 and a seed suction disc transmission chain 19, the driven sprocket 17 is rotatably connected with the driving sprocket 18 through the seed suction disc transmission chain 19, an inner hole of the driving sprocket 18 is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve 21, the inner hole of the shaft sleeve 21 is a transmission hole 20, and the cross section of the inner hole is polygonal.
The seeder linkage shaft 22 is connected with the transmission holes 20 of the air-suction precision seeder in a sliding fit manner, and the section of the seeder linkage shaft 22 is a polygon matched with the section of the transmission hole 20 so as to fix the transmission holes together circumferentially.
A driving device, a wheel transmission chain and a seeding device transmission structure are arranged on the seeder frame 1;
the driving device comprises a diesel engine or a gasoline engine 23, a main clutch 24 and a transmission 25, the transmission 25 converts the high-speed output of the power output shaft of the diesel engine or the gasoline engine 23 into the low-speed high-torque power output of different gears through a driving wheel driving shaft 26 of the transmission 25, and the power transmission of the diesel engine or the gasoline engine 23 and the transmission 25 is switched on or off through the main clutch 24; a driving wheel driving shaft 26 of the transmission 25 drives a driving wheel 28 to rotate through a driving wheel transmission chain 27;
the transmission structure of the seeding device comprises an auxiliary clutch, a seeder speed changer (plant spacing regulator) 29 and a coupler 30, wherein a seeder driving shaft 31 of the speed changer 25 is converted into rotating speeds of different gears through the seeder speed changer 29 (so as to regulate the plant spacing), and is in transmission connection with a seeder linkage shaft 22 through the coupler 30, so that a seed suction disc 3 of each air-suction type precision seeder is driven to rotate; the seeder drive shaft 31 is drivingly connected to the power output shaft of the main clutch 24 via an auxiliary clutch located in the housing of the transmission 25, and the seeder drive shaft 31 is controlled by both the main clutch 24 and the auxiliary clutch.
The negative pressure generating device is a high-pressure vortex fan 32, the high-pressure vortex fan 32 is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the diesel engine or the gasoline engine 23 through a belt, and an air suction port of the high-pressure vortex fan 32 is communicated with an air suction port 4-2 of a seed suction cavity of each air-suction type precision seeder through a negative pressure pipe (not shown in the figure).
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an air-suction type precision planter, includes seeder frame (1) be equipped with air-suction type precision seeding device and furrow opener (2) on seeder frame (1), air-suction type precision seeding device includes negative pressure production device, negative pressure pipe and the air-suction type precision seeder more than one, its characterized in that:
the air-aspiration type precision seeder comprises a rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism, a seeder transmission structure, a seed box (5) and a remaining seed accommodating buffer structure;
the rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism comprises a seed suction disc (3) and a cavity channel type seed suction disc assembly shell (4);
the seed suction disc (3) is rotatably connected with the cavity type seed suction disc assembly shell (4), the seed suction disc (3) is provided with seed suction holes (3-1) which are annularly arranged by taking the rotation axis of the seed suction disc as the center, the size of each seed suction hole (3-1) can enable one seed to be adsorbed thereon, a section of circular-arc-shaped seed suction hole rotation track from one side of the seed suction disc (3) to the other side of the seed suction disc (3) upwards through the top point of the seed suction disc is an adsorption type seed conveying path, the cavity type seed suction disc assembly shell (4) is provided with a groove (4-1) corresponding to the position of the adsorption type seed conveying path, the seed suction disc (3) is closely attached to the edge part of the groove (4-1) to seal the groove (4-1) into a seed suction cavity, and the seed suction cavity is provided with a seed suction cavity air suction port (4-2) communicated with the negative pressure generating device to enable the seed suction cavity to generate negative pressure, so that the seed suction hole (3-1) positioned in the adsorption type seed conveying path generates a force on the seeds; one end of the adsorption type seed conveying path is a seed conveying path starting end, and the other end of the adsorption type seed conveying path is a seed conveying path terminal end;
the seeder transmission structure is in transmission connection with a driving device to drive the seed suction disc (3) to rotate, and the rotation direction of the seeder transmission structure enables the seed suction disc to be upwards rotated to the terminal end of the seed conveying path from the starting end of the seed conveying path to the top end of the seed conveying path in the adsorption type seed conveying path;
the edge part of a seed box seed outlet (6) of the seed box (5) is in clearance fit with the peripheral part of the starting end of the seed conveying path, so that the starting end of the seed conveying path receives seeds in the seed box (5), the seeds cannot fall off due to the fit clearance, and a seed conveying path starting end seed outlet (7) is arranged at the upper edge part of the seed box seed outlet (6) so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed sucking holes (3-1) and the seeds inevitably carried upwards by the seed sucking disc (3) in the rotating process are conveyed out of the seed box seed outlet (6) along the adsorption type seed conveying path;
the residual seed accommodating and buffering structure comprises a residual seed buffering cavity (8) and a seed outlet section adjusting structure;
the remaining seed buffer cavity (8) is arranged above the seed conveying path starting-end seed outlet (7) and is used for accommodating and buffering seeds carried up and down by the seed conveying path starting-end seed outlet (7) of the seed suction disc (3); the seed outlet section adjusting structure is arranged at the position of the seed box seed outlet (6) and used for adjusting the section of the seed box seed outlet (6) according to the size of seeds so as to adjust the seed outlet amount of the seed outlet (7) at the initial end of the seed conveying path and prevent the residual seed buffer cavity (8) from being blocked by excessive seeds carried upwards when the seed suction disc (3) rotates;
after the seed suction hole (3-1) is moved out of the adsorption type seed conveying path terminal, the adsorption force on the seeds is lost due to the negative pressure generated by separating from the seed suction cavity, so that the adsorbed seeds fall off, and the precise seeding operation of the seeds is completed.
2. The air-aspiration precision seeder of claim 1, wherein: the air-suction type precision seeder also comprises a seed suction disc protecting shell (9), wherein the seed suction disc protecting shell (9) and the cavity channel type seed suction disc assembling shell (4) are oppositely arranged at the left and the right to contain the seed suction disc (3) inside; the seed suction disc protection shell (9) is provided with a sowing port (9-1) and a seed conveying cavity (9-2), the sowing port (9-1) is arranged below the seed suction disc protection shell (9), and the position of the seed conveying cavity (9-2) corresponds to the rotation track of the seed suction hole, so that the seed suction hole (3-1) runs in the seed conveying cavity (9-2); the lower side wall (9-2-1) of the seed conveying cavity channel (9-2) is in smooth transition connection with the upper edge part of the sowing port (9-1) so as to guide seeds falling on the lower side wall (9-2-1) of the seed conveying cavity channel out of the sowing port (9-1), one part of the seed suction disc protecting shell (9) is made of transparent materials, and therefore a seed conveying path detection window (9-3) is formed for observing the seed suction condition of the seed suction hole (3-1).
3. The air-aspiration precision seeder of claim 1, wherein: the outlet section adjusting structure comprises a flexible material baffle (10) and a flexible material baffle supporting structure; the upper edge of the flexible material baffle (10) is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the seed box seed outlet (6) so as to be hung on the seed box seed outlet (6), the flexible material baffle supporting structure comprises a baffle supporting body (11) and a baffle supporting body longitudinal sliding guide rail (33), and the baffle supporting body (11) is in sliding connection with a seed box wall above the upper edge of the seed box seed outlet (6) through the baffle supporting body longitudinal sliding guide rail (33); the baffle supporting body (11) is positioned on one side of the flexible material baffle (10) close to the seed suction disc (3) so as to support the flexible material baffle (10) when seeds flow towards the seed box seed outlet (6), thereby preventing the supported flexible material baffle (10) from flowing out of the seed box seed outlet (6) after being lifted by the seeds; along with the increase and decrease of the downward sliding displacement of the baffle supporting body (11), the area of the flexible material baffle (10) for supporting is increased and decreased, so that the cross section of the seed box outlet (6) is adjusted, and the amount of seeds carried out by the seed conveying path starting end outlet (7) when the seed suction disc (3) rotates is adjusted.
4. The air-aspiration precision seeder of claim 1, wherein: the seed suction holes (3-1) are at least one group, and the seed suction holes (3-1) in each group are arranged on the circumference taking the rotating shaft center of the seed suction disc (3) as the center at equal intervals.
5. The air-aspiration precision seeder of claim 4, wherein: the air-suction type precision seeder is provided with a seed suction amount adjusting device, and the seed suction amount adjusting device is arranged on one side or two sides of the rotation track of the seed suction hole and is positioned above the remaining seed buffer cavity (8); the seed sucking disc protection device comprises a seed sucking amount adjusting handle (12), a remaining seed shifting block (13), a shifting block mounting structure and a remaining seed guide plate (14), wherein the shifting block mounting structure comprises a shifting block rotating shaft (15) and an eccentric shaft (16), one end of the remaining seed shifting block (13) is rotatably connected with a seed sucking disc protection shell (9) through the shifting block rotating shaft (15) so as to form a remaining seed shifting block rotating connecting end, and the inner end of the eccentric shaft (16) is rotatably connected with the remaining seed shifting block (13) so as to form a remaining seed shifting block free end; the middle part of the eccentric shaft (16) is rotationally connected with the seed sucking disc protecting shell (9), and the seed sucking amount adjusting handle (12) is fixed at the outer end of the eccentric shaft (16); when the seed suction amount adjusting handle (12) is rotated, the eccentric shaft (16) is eccentrically rotated under the support of the seed suction disc protection shell (9) so as to drive the free end of the remaining seed poking block to slightly deviate by taking the rotation connecting end of the remaining seed poking block as an axis, so that the remaining seed poking block (13) is close to or far away from the rotation track of the group of seed suction holes from one side of the rotation track of the seed suction holes, and scrapes off the redundant seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes (3-1) deviated to the side, and the remaining seed guide plate (14) is arranged on the seed suction disc protection shell (9) so as to guide the redundant seeds scraped by the remaining seed poking block (13) into the remaining seed buffer cavity (8), so that only one seed is adsorbed by the seed suction holes (3-1), and the accuracy of seeding is ensured.
6. The air-aspiration type precision seeder according to claim 1, wherein: the seed suction disc (3) is rotatably connected with the cavity channel type seed suction disc assembly shell (4) through a seed suction disc rotating shaft (38); the seeder transmission structure comprises a driven sprocket (17) fixed on a seed sucking disc rotating shaft (38), a driving sprocket (18) and a seed sucking disc transmission chain (19) which are rotatably connected with the cavity type seed sucking disc assembling shell (4), the driven sprocket (17) is rotatably connected with the driving sprocket (18) through the seed sucking disc transmission chain (19), an inner hole of the driving sprocket (18) is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve (21), the inner hole of the shaft sleeve (21) is a transmission hole (20), and the cross section of the transmission hole is polygonal.
7. The air-aspiration type precision seeder according to claim 6, wherein: the seeder linkage shaft (22) is connected with the transmission holes (20) of the air-suction type precision seeder in a sliding fit manner, and the section of the seeder linkage shaft (22) is a polygon matched with the section of the transmission holes (20) so as to fix the transmission holes (20) together in the circumferential direction.
8. The air-aspiration precision seeder of claim 7, wherein: a driving device, a wheel transmission chain and a seeding device transmission structure are arranged on the seeder frame (1);
the driving device comprises a diesel engine or a gasoline engine (23), a main clutch (24) and a transmission (25), wherein the transmission (25) converts the high-speed output of a power output shaft of the diesel engine or the gasoline engine (23) into the low-speed high-torque power output of different gears through a driving wheel driving shaft (26) of the transmission (25), and switches on or switches off the power transmission of the diesel engine or the gasoline engine (23) and the transmission (25) through the main clutch (24); a driving wheel driving shaft (26) of the speed changer (25) drives a driving wheel (28) to rotate through a driving wheel transmission chain (27);
the transmission structure of the seeding device comprises an auxiliary clutch, a seeder speed changer (29) and a coupler (30), wherein a seeder driving shaft (31) of the speed changer (25) is converted into rotating speeds with different gears through the seeder speed changer (29) and then is in transmission connection with the seeder linkage shaft (22) through the coupler (30), so that the seed suction disc (3) of each air-suction type precision seeder is driven to rotate; the seeder driving shaft (31) is in transmission connection with the power output shaft of the main clutch (24) through an auxiliary clutch positioned in a shell of the speed changer (25).
9. The air-aspiration precision seeder of claim 8, wherein: the negative pressure generating device is a high-pressure vortex fan (32), the high-pressure vortex fan (32) is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the diesel engine or the gasoline engine (23) through a belt, and an air suction port of the high-pressure vortex fan (32) is communicated with an air suction port (4-2) of a seed suction cavity of each air-suction type precision seeder through the negative pressure pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223475896.8U CN218831310U (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2022-12-26 | Air-suction type precision seeder |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223475896.8U CN218831310U (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2022-12-26 | Air-suction type precision seeder |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218831310U true CN218831310U (en) | 2023-04-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223475896.8U Active CN218831310U (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2022-12-26 | Air-suction type precision seeder |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN218831310U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-12-26 CN CN202223475896.8U patent/CN218831310U/en active Active
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