CN112470626A

CN112470626A - Scoop wheel type precision seeding device for community breeding

Info

Publication number: CN112470626A
Application number: CN202011465906.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨然兵; 潘志国; 吴秀丰; 张还; 尚书旗; 田光博; 李振佐; 张建; 翟宇鸣
Original assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University; Hainan University
Current assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University; Hainan University
Priority date: 2020-12-09
Filing date: 2020-12-09
Publication date: 2021-03-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a cell breeding spoon wheel type precision sowing seed metering device which comprises a sowing external fixing body, a speed changer, a spoon wheel disc, a separating disc, a seed metering disc, a seed protecting disc, a seed hopper and a seed cleaning opening, wherein the sowing external fixing body comprises a driving cavity and a spoon wheel seed metering cavity, the speed changer is arranged in the driving cavity, the output end of the speed changer is provided with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is rotatably arranged in the spoon wheel seed metering cavity, the seed protecting disc is fixedly connected to the driving shaft, the seed metering disc is fixedly connected to the driving shaft, the spoon wheel disc is arranged on the driving shaft, seed scoops are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the side edge of the circumference of the spoon wheel disc at equal intervals, the separating disc is arranged between the spoon wheel disc and the seed metering disc, and a plurality of groups. The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly provides a cell breeding bucket wheel type precision seeding device which can automatically clear seeds, avoid mixed seeds, conveniently control plant spacing and effectively avoid the problems of reseeding and missed seeding.

Description

Scoop wheel type precision seeding device for community breeding

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a cell breeding bucket wheel type precision seeding device.

Background

The seed metering device for the district breeding is mainly a special seed metering device for comparing breeding new varieties with different varieties, the requirements of the district breeding on seed taking precision and seed distance control precision are very high, the variety of the sowed seeds is various, the seeds of different varieties need to be replaced in the operation process, and the traditional field sowing operation machine cannot adapt to the requirements of the district breeding. The community breeding machinery in China starts late, seed sowing components mainly adopt field corn seed sowing devices, development of special seed sowing devices is lacked, and at present, problems exist in the aspects of seed taking precision, seed changing efficiency and the like; the foreign imported machines have good functions, but are expensive to purchase and maintain, are not suitable for the agricultural requirements of community breeding in China, and the conventional community breeding seed sowing device is inconvenient for seed cleaning, so that the seeds of different communities are easily mixed when a plurality of groups of varieties are compared for seed sowing.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the existing problems, the invention provides the cell breeding bucket wheel type precision seeding apparatus which can automatically clear seeds, avoid mixed seeds, improve the test reliability, facilitate the control of different plant distances, has simple and convenient structure and low production cost, and effectively avoids the problems of reseeding and missed seeding caused by the influence of wind power on the seed metering apparatus.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention relates to a cell breeding spoon wheel type precision seeding device, which comprises a seeding external fixing body, a speed changer, a spoon wheel disc, a separating disc, a seeding disc, a seed protecting disc, a seed funnel and a seed cleaning opening, wherein the seeding external fixing body comprises a driving cavity and a spoon wheel seeding cavity, the speed changer is arranged in the driving cavity, the output end of the speed changer is provided with a driving shaft, the spoon wheel seeding cavity is arranged in a cylindrical hollow cavity, the seed funnel is arranged on the side wall of the spoon wheel seeding cavity far away from the driving cavity, the driving shaft penetrates through the circle centers of the driving cavity and the side wall of the spoon wheel seeding cavity and is rotatably arranged in the spoon wheel seeding cavity, the seed protecting disc is fixedly arranged on the driving shaft, the seed protecting disc is arranged on one side of the spoon wheel seeding cavity close to the driving cavity, the seed protecting disc is sleeved outside the seed protecting disc, the seeding disc is fixedly arranged on the driving shaft, the spoon wheel disc is arranged on the, the seed spoon is characterized in that a spoon nest is arranged on the side wall of the seed spoon, a seed storage cavity is formed between the spoon wheel disc and the side wall of the spoon wheel seed discharging cavity, an opening at the lower end of the seed funnel is arranged on one side of the seed spoon, seeds sliding downwards from the seed funnel to the seed spoon are convenient to catch by the spoon nest, the seeds are convenient to carry by the spoon nest to rotate along with the spoon wheel disc, the width between two adjacent spoons is larger than the width of one seed and smaller than the width of two seeds, only one seed is arranged in each spoon nest when each rotation is guaranteed, the seeds are convenient to separate, redundant seeds fall back into the seed storage cavity due to self gravity, the partition disc is arranged between the spoon wheel disc and the seed discharging disc, the partition disc is arranged in an annular shape, an annular groove is arranged on the side wall of the partition disc, a seed bag space is formed between the annular groove and the spoon nest, the seeds are convenient to carry to move, a seed passing port is arranged, the equidistant evenly distributed of seed metering dish circumference side circumference is equipped with multiunit seed metering recess, and the width of two adjacent seed metering recesses equals the width of two adjacent seed scoops, and each seed scoop corresponds a seed metering recess, and the seed of being convenient for does not cause the wound after arriving the seed metering dish by the spoon nest, bucket wheel seed metering chamber diapire is equipped with the seed metering mouth, the seed metering mouth is located under the seed metering dish, along with the seed metering dish rotates to seed metering mouth department, and the seed in the seed metering recess is discharged, clear seed mouth locates scoop wheel seed metering chamber lateral wall, clear kind of a mouth link up with the chamber of depositing and link to each other, clear kind of a mouth is convenient for connect the fan thereby open the suction fan after a district has been broadcast with the suction of a seed in the seed chamber, accomplishes self-purification clear kind, reaches the experimental requirement of district seeding, with the whole clear play of seed in the seed metering ware before getting into next district, avoids mixing kind.

Furthermore, the side wall of the seed sowing plate is provided with an annular clearance groove, and the annular groove of the partition plate is clamped in the clearance groove, so that the partition plate is tightly attached to the seed sowing plate, and the gap between the partition plate and the seed sowing plate is reduced.

Furthermore, the spoon wheel seed metering cavity, the spoon wheel disc, the separating disc, the seed protecting disc and the seed metering disc are coaxially arranged, the inner diameter of the spoon wheel seed metering cavity is equal to the diameter of the seed metering disc, no gap exists between the seed metering disc and the spoon wheel seed metering cavity, the situation that seeds are clamped into a gap between the spoon wheel seed metering cavity and the seed metering disc in the rotating process is avoided, and the situation that the seeds are not damaged and can only be discharged from the seed metering opening is guaranteed.

Furthermore, the speed changer comprises a driving rotating shaft, a driven rotating shaft, an adjusting fixing plate, a first connecting gear, a second connecting gear and a speed change adjusting gear set, wherein the driven rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the center of the driving cavity and is connected with the driving shaft, the driving rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the driving cavity, the adjusting fixing plate is slidably arranged on the driving rotating shaft, the first connecting gear and the second connecting gear are rotatably arranged on the adjusting fixing plate, the first connecting gear is sleeved on the outer wall of the driving rotating shaft and is meshed with the second connecting gear, the speed change adjusting gear set comprises a plurality of groups of speed change gears which are sequentially increased along the radius of the driven rotating shaft, a stop lever is arranged on the adjusting fixing plate, the side wall of the driving cavity is provided with an E-shaped stop lever clamping through hole, and the adjusting fixing plate is driven by the adjusting stop lever to move and rotate along the driving rotating shaft so as to, the second connecting gear is meshed with the variable gears with different radiuses to achieve the speed changing effect, so that different transmission ratios are generated, different rotating speeds are generated, different speeds are changed, and different planting distances of seeds discharged by the seed sowing device are generated.

Furthermore, a flange is arranged on the seed protection disc and used for fixing the seed protection disc and the sowing external fixing body, and when the seed protection disc and the sowing external fixing body rotate, the seed protection disc and the sowing external fixing body are fixed, and the seed sowing disc and the spoon wheel disc rotate synchronously.

The invention with the structure has the following beneficial effects: according to the scheme, the bucket wheel type precision seeding device for cell breeding is simple in structure, reasonable in design, low in cost and simple and convenient to operate, compared with a common bucket wheel type precision seeding device, the bucket wheel type precision seeding device is additionally provided with a seed cleaning device, automatic seed cleaning can be achieved, mixed seeds of seeds in different cells are avoided, and the reliability of a test is improved; the speed changer is directly connected with the seed sowing device, the control of different planting distances is achieved by changing the rotating speed of the wheel disc of the seed sowing device, and compared with other seed sowing devices such as an air suction type device, the bucket wheel type seed sowing device is simpler and more convenient, the production cost is low, and the problems of rebroadcasting and missed seeding caused by wind power influence and the like on the seed sowing device can be avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bucket wheel type precision seeding apparatus for cell breeding according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the bucket wheel type precision seeding apparatus for cell breeding according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bucket wheel type precision seeding apparatus for cell breeding according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a bucket wheel type precision seeding apparatus for cell breeding according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the internal structure of the seed external fixation body of the bucket wheel type precision sowing seed metering device for cell breeding according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the internal structure of the seed external fixation body of the scoop wheel type precision seeding apparatus for cell breeding.

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings: 1. the seed sowing device comprises a sowing external fixing body, 2, a speed changer, 3, a spoon wheel disc, 4, a separation disc, 5, a seed sowing disc, 6, a seed protection disc, 7, a seed hopper, 8, a seed cleaning opening, 9, a driving cavity, 10, a spoon wheel seed sowing cavity, 11, a driving shaft, 12, a seed spoon, 13, a spoon nest, 14, a seed storage cavity, 15, an annular groove, 16, a seed delivery opening, 17, a seed sowing groove, 18, a seed sowing opening, 19, a clearance groove, 20, a driving rotating shaft, 21, a driven rotating shaft, 22, an adjusting fixing plate, 23, a connecting gear I, 24, a connecting gear II, 25, a variable speed adjusting gear set, 26, a variable speed gear, 27, a stop lever, 28, a stop lever clamping through hole, 29 and a flange.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-6, the invention relates to a cell breeding spoon wheel type precision seeding apparatus, which comprises a seeding external fixing body 1, a speed changer 2, a spoon wheel disc 3, a separation disc 4, a seeding disc 5, a seed protecting disc 6, a seed funnel 7 and a seed cleaning opening 8, wherein the seeding external fixing body 1 comprises a driving cavity 9 and a spoon wheel seeding cavity 10, the speed changer 2 is arranged in the driving cavity 9, the output end of the speed changer 2 is provided with a driving shaft 11, the spoon wheel seeding cavity 10 is arranged in a cylindrical hollow cavity, the seed funnel 7 is arranged on the side wall of the spoon wheel seeding cavity 10 far away from the driving cavity 9, the driving shaft 11 penetrates through the driving cavity 9 and the center of the side wall of the spoon wheel seeding cavity 10 and can be rotatably arranged in the spoon wheel seeding cavity 10, the seed protecting disc 6 is fixedly connected on the driving shaft 11, the seed protecting disc 6 is arranged on the side of the spoon wheel seeding cavity 10 close to the driving cavity 9, the seed protecting disc 5 is, the seed metering disc 5 is fixedly connected to a driving shaft 11, the spoon wheel disc 3 is arranged on the driving shaft 11, seed scoops 12 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the side edge of the circumference of the spoon wheel disc 3 at equal intervals, a spoon nest 13 is arranged on the side wall of each seed scoop 12, a seed storage cavity 14 is formed between the spoon wheel disc 3 and the side wall of the spoon wheel seed metering cavity 10, an opening at the lower end of a seed funnel 7 is arranged on one side of each seed scoop 12, the width between two adjacent seed scoops 12 is larger than the width of one seed and smaller than the width of two seeds, the partition disc 4 is arranged between the spoon wheel disc 3 and the seed metering disc 5, the partition disc 4 is arranged in an annular shape, an annular groove 15 is arranged on the side wall of the partition disc 4, a seed delivering port 16 is arranged at the upper end of the partition disc 4, the length of the seed delivering port 16 is larger than the width between two adjacent seed scoops 12, a plurality of seed metering grooves 17 are uniformly distributed on the circumference, each seed spoon 12 corresponds to a seed discharging groove 17, a seed discharging port 18 is formed in the bottom wall of the spoon wheel seed discharging cavity 10, the seed discharging port 18 is formed right below the seed discharging plate 5, the seed cleaning port 8 is formed in the side wall of the spoon wheel seed discharging cavity 10, and the seed cleaning port 8 is communicated with the seed storage cavity 14.

Wherein, the seed metering dish 5 lateral wall is equipped with the annular clearance recess 19 that sets up, spoon wheel seed metering chamber 10, spoon wheel dish 3, separation dish 4, seed protection dish 6 and seed metering dish 5 coaxial line set up, spoon wheel seed metering chamber 10 internal diameter equals with seed metering dish 5 diameter, derailleur 2 includes initiative pivot 20, driven pivot 21, regulation fixed plate 22, connecting gear 23, connecting gear two 24 and variable speed adjusting gear group 25, driven pivot 21 rotatable locate drive chamber 9 center department, driven pivot 21 is connected with drive shaft 11, initiative pivot 20 rotates and locates in the drive chamber 9, regulation fixed plate 22 slides and locates on the initiative pivot 20, connecting gear one 23 and connecting gear two 24 rotate and locate on regulation fixed plate 22, connecting gear one 23 cup joints and locates the outer wall of initiative pivot 20, connecting gear one 23 links to each other with connecting gear two 24 meshing, the speed change adjusting gear set 25 comprises a plurality of groups of speed change gears 26 which are distributed at equal intervals along the driven rotating shaft 21 and have sequentially increasing radiuses, a stop lever 27 is arranged on the adjusting fixing plate 22, a stop lever clamping through hole 28 arranged in an E shape is formed in the side wall of the driving cavity 9, and a flange 29 is arranged on the seed protection disc 6.

When the seed bucket is used specifically, seeds are poured into the seed storage cavity 14 from the seed hopper 7, the transmission 2 drives the driving rotating shaft 20 to rotate, the driving rotating shaft 20 drives the speed change gear 26 meshed and connected with the connecting gear two 24 to rotate through the connecting gear one 23 and the connecting gear two 24, the speed change gear 26 drives the driven rotating shaft 21 to rotate, the driven rotating shaft 21 drives the driving shaft 11 to rotate, the driving shaft 11 drives the spoon wheel disc 3 and the seed discharging disc 5 to rotate synchronously, the seeds are fed into the seed storage cavity 14 from the seed hopper 7 and rotate together with the seed discharging disc 5, the seed spoon 12 scoops up the seeds from the seed storage cavity 14, redundant seeds slide down under the action of the self gravity, only one seed remains in the spoon nest 13, the seeds are lifted continuously along with the rotation of the seed spoon wheel disc 3 and rotate to the seed delivery port 16 of the partition disc 4 along with the rotation of the spoon wheel disc 3, under the action of the self gravity and the centrifugal force of the seeds, the seeds enter the seed metering groove 17 of the seed metering disc 5 along the seed delivering port 16, the seed metering groove 17 with the seeds continuously moves downwards to the seed metering port 18 at the lower part of the spoon wheel seed metering cavity 10 along with the rotation of the seed metering disc 5, when the seed metering groove 17 with the seeds continuously rotates to the seed metering port 18, the seed metering groove 17 is not shielded, the seeds in the seed metering groove 17 are discharged under the action of gravity, the adjusting retaining rod 27 drives the adjusting fixing plate 22 to move along the active rotating shaft 20 at the position of the retaining rod clamping through hole 28, the adjusting fixing plate 22 drives the connecting gear I23 and the connecting gear II 24 to adjust the positions so that the connecting gear II 24 is meshed with different variable gears 26, thereby generating different transmission ratios, generating different rotating speeds, and realizing the change of different speeds, so that the seeds discharged by the seed metering device generate different plant distances.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a district breeding bucket wheel formula precision seeding ware which characterized in that: the seed sowing device comprises a sowing external fixing body, a speed changer, a spoon wheel disc, a separating disc, a seed sowing disc, a seed protecting disc, a seed funnel and a seed clearing port, wherein the sowing external fixing body comprises a driving cavity and a spoon wheel seed sowing cavity, the speed changer is arranged in the driving cavity, the output end of the speed changer is provided with a driving shaft, the spoon wheel seed sowing cavity is arranged in a cylindrical hollow cavity, the seed funnel is arranged on one side wall of the spoon wheel seed sowing cavity, which is far away from the driving cavity, the driving shaft penetrates through the driving cavity and the side wall circle center of the spoon wheel seed sowing cavity, can be rotatably arranged in the spoon wheel seed sowing cavity, the seed protecting disc is fixedly connected on the driving shaft, the seed protecting disc is arranged on one side, which is close to the driving cavity, the seed sowing disc is sleeved on the outer side of the seed protecting disc, the seed sowing disc is fixedly connected on the, a seed storage cavity is formed between the side wall of the seed spoon and the side wall of the seed discharging cavity of the spoon wheel, an opening at the lower end of the seed funnel is arranged at one side of the seed spoon, the width between the two adjacent spoons is larger than the width of one seed and smaller than the width of two seeds, the partition disc is arranged between the spoon wheel disc and the seed discharging disc, the partition disc is arranged in an annular shape, an annular groove is arranged on the side wall of the partition disc, the upper end of the partition plate is provided with a seed delivering port, the length of the seed delivering port is larger than the width between two adjacent spoons, a plurality of groups of seed discharging grooves are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the side edge of the circumference of the seed discharging disk at equal intervals, the width of two adjacent seed discharging grooves is equal to the width of two adjacent seed scoops, the bottom wall of the spoon wheel seed discharging cavity is provided with a seed discharging port, the seed discharging port is arranged under the seed discharging disc, the seed cleaning port is arranged on the side wall of the spoon wheel seed discharging cavity, and the seed cleaning port is communicated with the seed storage cavity.

2. The cell breeding bucket-wheel type precision seeding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the seed plate is provided with an annular clearance groove.

3. The cell breeding bucket-wheel type precision seeding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spoon wheel seed discharging cavity, the spoon wheel disc, the separating disc, the seed protecting disc and the seed discharging disc are arranged coaxially, and the inner diameter of the spoon wheel seed discharging cavity is equal to the diameter of the seed discharging disc.

4. The cell breeding bucket-wheel type precision seeding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the derailleur is including initiative pivot, driven spindle, regulation fixed plate, connecting gear one, connecting gear two and variable speed adjusting gear group, the rotatable drive chamber center department of locating of driven spindle, driven spindle and drive shaft connection, the drive intracavity is located in the rotation of initiative pivot, it slides and locates in the initiative pivot to adjust the fixed plate, connecting gear one and connecting gear two rotate locate on the regulation fixed plate, connecting gear one set connects and locates the initiative pivot outer wall, connecting gear one links to each other with the meshing of connecting gear two, variable speed adjusting gear group includes the change gear that the multiunit increases progressively in proper order along the driven spindle radius, be equipped with the pin on the regulation fixed plate, drive chamber lateral wall is equipped with the pin joint through-hole that E shape set up.

5. The cell breeding bucket-wheel type precision seeding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a flange is arranged on the seed protection plate.