CN115085842A - RF signal acquisition, recording and playback system - Google Patents
RF signal acquisition, recording and playback system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及信号处理技术领域,尤其涉及一种射频信号采集记录回放系统。The invention relates to the technical field of signal processing, in particular to a radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system.
背景技术Background technique
在雷达、航天航空、通信、电子战等领域里,现场信号有着重要的作用。这些信号具有实时性强、数据率高、数据量大、处理复杂等特点。因而信号的采集具有举足轻重的作用,它可以构建各类半实物仿真、实物系统。信息一旦能够采集、存储、回放,给各种实验提供了原始的真实数据,极大地缩短了研制周期,减少了研究费用。In the fields of radar, aerospace, communication, electronic warfare, etc., on-site signals play an important role. These signals have the characteristics of strong real-time performance, high data rate, large amount of data, and complex processing. Therefore, the acquisition of signals plays a pivotal role, and it can build various semi-physical simulations and physical systems. Once the information can be collected, stored and played back, it provides original real data for various experiments, which greatly shortens the development cycle and reduces research costs.
在以上领域常常需要对空中的射频信号进行采集分析和回放,根据应用的不同,有的时候还需要对信号进行长时间的记录,信号的采集时间从微秒到毫秒到秒甚至是到小时级别都有需求,因此有复杂电磁环境下的高速信号实时监测、采集、存储系统具有非常重要的现实意义,目前没有较为完善良好的设备对信号进行采集记录及回放。In the above fields, it is often necessary to collect, analyze and play back radio frequency signals in the air. Depending on the application, sometimes it is necessary to record the signals for a long time. The signal acquisition time ranges from microseconds to milliseconds to seconds or even hours. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to have a high-speed signal real-time monitoring, acquisition, and storage system in a complex electromagnetic environment. At present, there is no relatively complete and good equipment for signal acquisition, recording and playback.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种射频信号采集记录回放系统。In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system.
本发明提供一种射频信号采集记录回放系统,包括下变频器、中频信号记录单元和上变频器,其中:The invention provides a radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system, comprising a downconverter, an intermediate frequency signal recording unit and an upconverter, wherein:
下变频器,用于接收射频信号,将所述射频信号转化为中频信号;a downconverter for receiving radio frequency signals and converting the radio frequency signals into intermediate frequency signals;
中频信号记录单元,用于接收所述中频信号,对所述中频信号转化为数字中频信号,将所述数字中频信号存储在固态磁盘阵列中;an intermediate frequency signal recording unit, configured to receive the intermediate frequency signal, convert the intermediate frequency signal into a digital intermediate frequency signal, and store the digital intermediate frequency signal in a solid-state disk array;
上变频器,用于接收所述中频信号记录单元从固态磁盘阵列中回放出的中频信号,将所述中频信号转化为射频信号。The up-converter is used for receiving the intermediate frequency signal played back from the solid-state disk array by the intermediate frequency signal recording unit, and converting the intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal.
在一个实施例中,所述中频信号记录单元包括数据采集单元、中频处理单元、主控单元、数据存储单元和数据回放单元,其中:In one embodiment, the intermediate frequency signal recording unit includes a data acquisition unit, an intermediate frequency processing unit, a main control unit, a data storage unit and a data playback unit, wherein:
数据采集单元,用于对中频信号进行A/D变换,得到数字中频信号;The data acquisition unit is used to perform A/D conversion on the intermediate frequency signal to obtain a digital intermediate frequency signal;
中频处理单元,用于对数字中频信号进行信号频谱分析,获得监测频谱数据,将监测频谱数据上报给主控单元;以及根据监测频谱数据确定目标频点对应的数字中频信号并进行采集;The intermediate frequency processing unit is used to analyze the signal spectrum of the digital intermediate frequency signal, obtain the monitoring spectrum data, and report the monitoring spectrum data to the main control unit; and determine and collect the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point according to the monitoring spectrum data;
主控单元,用于显示所述监测频谱数据,以及将目标频点对应的数字中频信号转化为数据文件,由数据存储单元存储在固态磁盘阵列中;The main control unit is used to display the monitoring spectrum data, and convert the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point into a data file, which is stored in the solid-state disk array by the data storage unit;
数据回放单元,用于对目标频点对应的数字中频信号进行D/A变换,得到中频信号,并由上变频器将中频信号转换为射频信号。The data playback unit is used to perform D/A conversion on the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point to obtain the intermediate frequency signal, and the intermediate frequency signal is converted into a radio frequency signal by the up-converter.
在一个实施例中,所述中频处理单元,具体用于:根据预设的监测参数对数字中频信号进行信号频谱分析,根据频谱带宽和分辨率需求选取预设采样率的基带数字信号进行FFT和功率谱计算,得到监测频谱数据。In one embodiment, the intermediate frequency processing unit is specifically configured to: perform signal spectrum analysis on the digital intermediate frequency signal according to preset monitoring parameters, select a baseband digital signal with a preset sampling rate according to the spectrum bandwidth and resolution requirements, and perform FFT and Calculate the power spectrum to obtain the monitoring spectrum data.
在一个实施例中,所述下变频器包括第一放大器、前置滤波器、第一混频器、第一滤波器、第二放大器、第二混频器、第二滤波器、第三放大器、增益器和第四放大器,其中:In one embodiment, the downconverter includes a first amplifier, a prefilter, a first mixer, a first filter, a second amplifier, a second mixer, a second filter, a third amplifier , a gainer, and a fourth amplifier, where:
第一放大器的输入端接射频信号,第一放大器的输出端接前置滤波器的输入端,前置滤波器的输出端接第一混频器的第一输入端,第一混频器的第二输入端接第一本振信号,第一混频器的输出端接第一滤波器的输入端,第一滤波器的输出端接第二放大器的输入端,第二放大器的输出端接第二混频器的第一输入端,第二混频器的第二输入端接第二本振信号,第二混频器的输出端接第二滤波器的输入端,第二滤波器的输出端接第三放大器的输入端,第三放大器的输出端接增益器的输入端,增益器的输出端接第四放大器的输入端,第四放大器的输出端接数据采集单元。The input end of the first amplifier is connected to the radio frequency signal, the output end of the first amplifier is connected to the input end of the pre-filter, the output end of the pre-filter is connected to the first input end of the first mixer, and the output end of the first mixer is connected to the first input end of the first mixer. The second input terminal is connected to the first local oscillator signal, the output terminal of the first mixer is connected to the input terminal of the first filter, the output terminal of the first filter is connected to the input terminal of the second amplifier, and the output terminal of the second amplifier is connected to The first input end of the second mixer, the second input end of the second mixer is connected to the second local oscillator signal, the output end of the second mixer is connected to the input end of the second filter, the second filter The output end is connected to the input end of the third amplifier, the output end of the third amplifier is connected to the input end of the gainer, the output end of the gainer is connected to the input end of the fourth amplifier, and the output end of the fourth amplifier is connected to the data acquisition unit.
在一个实施例中,所述中频处理单元包括N阶抗混叠滤波装置,其中:In one embodiment, the intermediate frequency processing unit includes an N-order anti-aliasing filtering device, wherein:
N阶抗混叠滤波装置,用于根据预设的有效信号带宽和采样率确定阶数后,根据监测频谱数据确定目标频点对应的数字中频信号,对目标频点对应的数字中频信号进行抗混叠滤波处理,输出待采样的IQ数字信号。The N-order anti-aliasing filtering device is used to determine the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point according to the monitoring spectrum data after the order is determined according to the preset effective signal bandwidth and sampling rate, and perform anti-aliasing on the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point. Aliasing filter processing, output the IQ digital signal to be sampled.
在一个实施例中,每一阶的抗混叠滤波装置包括正向滤波单元和反向滤波单元,所述正向滤波单元包括正向混频器和第三滤波器,所述反向滤波单元包括反向混频器和第四滤波器。In one embodiment, the anti-aliasing filtering device of each order includes a forward filtering unit and a reverse filtering unit, the forward filtering unit includes a forward mixer and a third filter, and the reverse filtering unit Includes inverse mixer and fourth filter.
在一个实施例中,所述主控单元,还用于:确定目标频点对应的数字中频信号是否满足信号存储警告条件,若满足,则发出警告信息。In one embodiment, the main control unit is further configured to: determine whether the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point satisfies the signal storage warning condition, and if so, issue a warning message.
在一个实施例中,所述主控单元,具体用于:基于监测频谱数据生成图形化文件,并显示所述图形化文件。In an embodiment, the main control unit is specifically configured to: generate a graphical file based on the monitored spectrum data, and display the graphical file.
在一个实施例中,所述上变频器,具体用于:调整中心频率对中频信号进行回放,得到射频信号,并射频输出。In an embodiment, the up-converter is specifically used to: adjust the center frequency to play back the intermediate frequency signal, obtain the radio frequency signal, and output the radio frequency signal.
在一个实施例中,所述数据采集单元和所述数据回放单元分别采用FPGA夹层卡高速ADC模块、FPGA夹层卡高速DAC模块。In one embodiment, the data acquisition unit and the data playback unit respectively use an FPGA mezzanine card high-speed ADC module and an FPGA mezzanine card high-speed DAC module.
本发明提供的射频信号采集记录回放系统,通过构建下变频器、中频信号记录单元和上变频器之间的信息交互,能够保障通信对抗内场试验任务,提高仿真试验能力;可实时采集信号样本,可将通信信号回放到空中作为实时测试信号,具有频谱查看、监测和显示的能力。The radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system provided by the invention can ensure the communication against the infield test task and improve the simulation test ability by constructing the information exchange among the downconverter, the intermediate frequency signal recording unit and the upconverter; it can collect signal samples in real time. , the communication signal can be played back to the air as a real-time test signal, and it has the ability to view, monitor and display the spectrum.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are the For some embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.
图1是本发明提供的射频信号采集记录回放系统的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system provided by the present invention;
图2是本发明提供的射频信号采集记录回放系统的框架示意图;2 is a schematic diagram of a frame of a radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system provided by the present invention;
图3是本发明提供的下变频器的结构示意图;3 is a schematic structural diagram of a downconverter provided by the present invention;
图4是本发明提供的模数转换器与一阶抗混叠滤波装置的结构示意图;4 is a schematic structural diagram of an analog-to-digital converter and a first-order anti-aliasing filtering device provided by the present invention;
图5是本发明提供的多阶抗混叠滤波装置的数据在滤波过程中的流向示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the data flow of the multi-order anti-aliasing filtering device provided by the present invention during the filtering process.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明中的附图,对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention. , not all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
下面结合图1-图5描述本发明的射频信号采集记录回放系统,包括下变频器11、中频信号记录单元12和上变频器13,其中:The radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system of the present invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, including a downconverter 11, an intermediate frequency
下变频器11,用于接收射频信号,将射频信号转化为中频信号;The downconverter 11 is used for receiving radio frequency signals and converting the radio frequency signals into intermediate frequency signals;
中频信号记录单元12,用于接收中频信号,对中频信号转化为数字中频信号,将数字中频信号存储在固态磁盘阵列中;The intermediate frequency
上变频器13,用于接收中频信号记录单元从固态磁盘阵列中回放出的中频信号,将中频信号转化为射频信号。The up-
对此,需要说明的是,在本发明中,该射频信号采集记录回放系统主要用于保障通信对抗内场试验任务,提高仿真试验能力;可实时采集信号样本,可将通信信号回放到空中作为实时测试信号,具有频谱查看、监测和显示的能力。In this regard, it should be noted that, in the present invention, the radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system is mainly used to ensure the communication countermeasure infield test task and improve the simulation test ability; it can collect signal samples in real time, and can play back the communication signal into the air as a Test signals in real time with spectrum viewing, monitoring and display capabilities.
该射频信号采集记录回放系统从整体上包括下变频器、中频信号记录单元和上变频器。下变频器把射频信号(1MHz~6.6GHz)变到中频信号,并能够进行功率调整。中频信号记录单元对中频信号进行数字化处理转换为数字中频信号,并将数字中频信号以数据文件的方式存储至本地的固态磁盘阵列中。上变频器把从中频信号记录单元中回放出的中频信号变到射频信号(1MHz~6.6GHz)输出。The radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system as a whole includes a downconverter, an intermediate frequency signal recording unit and an upconverter. The downconverter converts the radio frequency signal (1MHz to 6.6GHz) to the intermediate frequency signal, and can adjust the power. The intermediate frequency signal recording unit performs digital processing on the intermediate frequency signal and converts it into a digital intermediate frequency signal, and stores the digital intermediate frequency signal in the local solid-state disk array in the form of a data file. The up-converter converts the intermediate frequency signal played back from the intermediate frequency signal recording unit into a radio frequency signal (1MHz~6.6GHz) for output.
在本发明中,上变频器调整中心频率对中频信号进行回放,得到射频信号,并进行射频输出。另外,基于回放展示对信号进行初步分析,分析过程中可以随意选择分析文件的位置、暂停等操作,并可以进行数据分割和数据格式转换。In the present invention, the up-converter adjusts the center frequency to play back the intermediate frequency signal, obtains the radio frequency signal, and outputs the radio frequency signal. In addition, the signal is initially analyzed based on the playback display. During the analysis process, the position of the analysis file, pause and other operations can be selected at will, and data segmentation and data format conversion can be performed.
在本发明中,该射频信号采集记录回放系统采用软件无线电架构设计思想,将系统设计为频段宽、信号处理能力强、通用性与扩展性好的通信信号接收存储平台。设备由高性能硬件平台、标准化软件平台和高速采集存储回放软件应用平台三部分构成。参见图2,图2示出了系统架构框图。在这里,高性能硬件平台相当于该系统的硬件构成部分,主要包括:下变频器、中频信号记录单元和上变频器。其中,该中频信号记录单元12包括数据采集单元121、中频处理单元122、主控单元123、数据存储单元124和数据回放单元125。In the present invention, the radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system adopts the software radio architecture design idea, and the system is designed as a communication signal receiving and storage platform with wide frequency band, strong signal processing capability, good versatility and expansibility. The equipment consists of three parts: high-performance hardware platform, standardized software platform and high-speed acquisition, storage and playback software application platform. Referring to Figure 2, Figure 2 shows a system architecture block diagram. Here, the high-performance hardware platform is equivalent to the hardware components of the system, mainly including: downconverter, intermediate frequency signal recording unit and upconverter. The intermediate frequency
数据采集单元121,用于对中频信号进行A/D变换,得到数字中频信号;The
中频处理单元122,用于对数字中频信号进行信号频谱分析,获得监测频谱数据,将监测频谱数据上报给主控单元;以及根据监测频谱数据确定目标频点对应的数字中频信号并进行采集;The intermediate
主控单元123,用于显示所述监测频谱数据,以及将目标频点对应的数字中频信号转化为数据文件,由数据存储单元124存储在固态磁盘阵列中;The
数据回放单元125,用于对目标频点对应的数字中频信号进行D/A变换,得到中频信号,并由上变频器将中频信号转换为射频信号。The
需要说明的是,射频信号由下变频器基于前级功放、滤波后负责将微信号射频载波混频至中频信号,数据采集单元将中频信号信号增益后变换为数字中频信号送至中频采集处理单元。It should be noted that the downconverter is responsible for mixing the micro-signal RF carrier to the intermediate frequency signal after filtering based on the pre-amplifier, and the data acquisition unit converts the intermediate frequency signal signal into a digital intermediate frequency signal after gain and sends it to the intermediate frequency acquisition and processing unit. .
中频处理单元将数字中频信号进行波形合成、数字下变频、基带波形处理等处理后,实现信号频谱分析,获得监测频谱数据,将监测频谱数据上报给主控单元;以及根据监测频谱数据确定目标频点对应的数字中频信号进行采集,该目标频点可以为一个时刻点,也可以为一个时间段。本发明可以针对数字中频信号进行选择性的数据采集。After the IF processing unit performs waveform synthesis, digital down-conversion, baseband waveform processing, etc. on the digital IF signal, it realizes signal spectrum analysis, obtains monitoring spectrum data, and reports the monitoring spectrum data to the main control unit; and determines the target frequency according to the monitoring spectrum data. The digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the point is collected, and the target frequency point can be a time point or a time period. The present invention can perform selective data acquisition for digital intermediate frequency signals.
CPU主控单元实现人机交互界面进行操作与控制。显示所述监测频谱数据,以及将目标频点对应的数字中频信号转化为数据文件,由数据存储单元负责将采集到的数字中频信号采用RAID阵列的方式实时的记录到硬件阵列上。The CPU main control unit realizes the man-machine interface for operation and control. The monitoring spectrum data is displayed, and the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point is converted into a data file, and the data storage unit is responsible for recording the collected digital intermediate frequency signal on the hardware array in real time by means of a RAID array.
数据回放单元对目标频点对应的数字中频信号进行D/A变换,得到中频信号,并由上变频器将中频信号转换为射频信号。The data playback unit performs D/A conversion on the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point to obtain the intermediate frequency signal, and the intermediate frequency signal is converted into a radio frequency signal by the up-converter.
进一步的解释说明,数据采集单元和数据回放单元由两个板卡组成:一是FPGA夹层卡(FPGA Mezzanine Card,即FMC)高速ADC模块(作为数据采集单元),可以支持单通道最高240MSps采样率;二是FPGA夹层卡(FPGA Mezzanine Card,即FMC)高速DAC模块(作为数据回放单元),可以支持单通道最高240MSps采样率。使用时两块板卡通过高速接插件进行安装。Further explanation, the data acquisition unit and the data playback unit are composed of two boards: one is the FPGA Mezzanine Card (FMC) high-speed ADC module (as a data acquisition unit), which can support a single-channel sampling rate of up to 240MSps ; The second is the FPGA Mezzanine Card (FPGA Mezzanine Card, that is, FMC) high-speed DAC module (as a data playback unit), which can support a single-channel sampling rate of up to 240MSps. When in use, the two boards are installed through high-speed connectors.
进一步的解释说明,中频处理单元根据预设的监测参数对数字中频信号进行信号频谱分析,根据频谱带宽和分辨率需求选取预设采样率的基带数字信号进行FFT和功率谱计算,得到监测频谱数据。需要说明的是,中频处理单元能够对指定频段、指定带宽内的信号进行实时监测,通过频谱信息监测无线信号的特征。设备对监测频段内的信号进行基于离散傅里叶变换(FFT)的时频域转换计算,得到实时带宽内信号的功率谱信息。For further explanation, the intermediate frequency processing unit performs signal spectrum analysis on the digital intermediate frequency signal according to the preset monitoring parameters, selects the baseband digital signal with the preset sampling rate according to the spectrum bandwidth and resolution requirements, performs FFT and power spectrum calculation, and obtains monitoring spectrum data. . It should be noted that the intermediate frequency processing unit can monitor the signals in the specified frequency band and the specified bandwidth in real time, and monitor the characteristics of the wireless signal through spectrum information. The equipment performs time-frequency domain conversion calculation based on discrete Fourier transform (FFT) on the signal in the monitoring frequency band, and obtains the power spectrum information of the signal in the real-time bandwidth.
另外,主控单元基于监测频谱数据生成图形化文件,并显示所述图形化文件。具体为:通过图形化的显示方式进行常规的频谱图、二维和三维瀑布图的显示,并可以根据需求对信号频域信息通过统计进行余晖显示,进而从多维度对信号的频域特征进行直观展示。信号频谱图是对信号某一时刻频点及其对应的能量信息进行二维显示,一般显示的频度为每秒25帧至40帧;瀑布图是通过时间轴滚动的方式对各个时刻的频谱能量信息进行显示。In addition, the main control unit generates a graphical file based on the monitoring spectrum data, and displays the graphical file. Specifically, the conventional spectrogram, two-dimensional and three-dimensional waterfall chart can be displayed in a graphical display mode, and the frequency domain information of the signal can be statistically displayed afterglow according to the requirements, and then the frequency domain characteristics of the signal can be analyzed from multiple dimensions. Visual display. The signal spectrogram is a two-dimensional display of the frequency point and its corresponding energy information at a certain moment of the signal, and the frequency of the general display is 25 to 40 frames per second; Energy information is displayed.
高性能硬件平台各组件相对独立,交互采用标准接口,便于功能独立组件开发与升级。选用以高性能CPU和FPGA等处理器为核心的成熟板卡,基于高速PCI-E总线进行数据交互。为便于将来进行并行数据处理的需求,主板留有备用的PCI-E接口以便将来扩展GPU板卡;高速数据总线与板卡芯片选型,既满足当前通信信号模拟设备的要求,也能够满足可遇见的未来的功能扩展与性能升级的要求,以尽量扩展硬件的生命周期。Each component of the high-performance hardware platform is relatively independent, and the interaction adopts a standard interface, which is convenient for the development and upgrade of functional independent components. Select mature boards with high-performance CPU and FPGA and other processors as the core, and perform data interaction based on high-speed PCI-E bus. In order to facilitate parallel data processing in the future, the motherboard has a spare PCI-E interface for future expansion of GPU boards; the selection of high-speed data bus and board chip not only meets the requirements of current communication signal simulation equipment, but also can meet the Meet future functional expansion and performance upgrade requirements to maximize the hardware life cycle.
标准化软件平台包括操作系统、硬件抽象层、传输机制层(硬件抽象层与中间件)、核心框架层等部分组成,提供PCIE总线、软件中间件和硬件抽象等服务,实现高速数据采集存储软件应用与底层通用硬件平台的松耦合,为应用的开发以及应用的可移植性提供便利条件,支撑波形模拟和发送功能的动态重构。The standardized software platform consists of operating system, hardware abstraction layer, transmission mechanism layer (hardware abstraction layer and middleware), core framework layer, etc. It provides services such as PCIE bus, software middleware and hardware abstraction, and realizes high-speed data acquisition and storage software applications The loose coupling with the underlying general hardware platform provides convenient conditions for application development and application portability, and supports dynamic reconstruction of waveform simulation and transmission functions.
高速采集存储回放软件应用平台包括信号监测软件、信号采集存储软件和信号回放软件,各软件为系统所接收的通信或雷达回波信号进行时域和频域的处理和显示。波形数据的处理可以基于MATLAB、C或者C++,将信号进行波形显示、FFT变换、瀑布图显示、余辉显示等。在应用软件平台下,可以生成多种格式的软件文件,在matlab和C++里利用提供的各种算法库进行数据处理。The high-speed acquisition, storage and playback software application platform includes signal monitoring software, signal acquisition and storage software and signal playback software. Each software processes and displays the communication or radar echo signals received by the system in time and frequency domains. The processing of waveform data can be based on MATLAB, C or C++, and the signal can be displayed as waveform display, FFT transformation, waterfall chart display, persistence display, etc. Under the application software platform, software files in various formats can be generated, and data processing can be performed using the provided various algorithm libraries in matlab and C++.
在上述系统的进一步解释说明中,参见图3,该下变频器11包括第一放大器111、前置滤波器112、第一混频器113、第一滤波器114、第二放大器115、第二混频器116、第二滤波器117、第三放大器118、增益器119和第四放大器120,其中:In the further explanation of the above system, referring to FIG. 3, the downconverter 11 includes a
第一放大器的输入端接射频信号,第一放大器的输出端接前置滤波器的输入端,前置滤波器的输出端接第一混频器的第一输入端,第一混频器的第二输入端接第一本振信号,第一混频器的输出端接第一滤波器的输入端,第一滤波器的输出端接第二放大器的输入端,第二放大器的输出端接第二混频器的第一输入端,第二混频器的第二输入端接第二本振信号,第二混频器的输出端接第二滤波器的输入端,第二滤波器的输出端接第三放大器的输入端,第三放大器的输出端接增益器的输入端,增益器的输出端接第四放大器的输入端,第四放大器的输出端接数据采集单元。The input end of the first amplifier is connected to the radio frequency signal, the output end of the first amplifier is connected to the input end of the pre-filter, the output end of the pre-filter is connected to the first input end of the first mixer, and the output end of the first mixer is connected to the first input end of the first mixer. The second input terminal is connected to the first local oscillator signal, the output terminal of the first mixer is connected to the input terminal of the first filter, the output terminal of the first filter is connected to the input terminal of the second amplifier, and the output terminal of the second amplifier is connected to The first input end of the second mixer, the second input end of the second mixer is connected to the second local oscillator signal, the output end of the second mixer is connected to the input end of the second filter, the second filter The output end is connected to the input end of the third amplifier, the output end of the third amplifier is connected to the input end of the gainer, the output end of the gainer is connected to the input end of the fourth amplifier, and the output end of the fourth amplifier is connected to the data acquisition unit.
该下变频器经过两次变频,两次变频都采用高本振信号,所以变频后频谱不倒置。输入射频信号首先经过低噪声放大器来降低变频器的噪声系数。然后该信号经过前置滤波器后和第一本振8.4~13.9GHz相混,得到7.9GHz的第一中频信号,该中频信号经过滤波和放大后和第二本振8.62GHz相混,得到第二中频信号720MHz,该第二中频信号经过滤波、放大、增益控制等处理后输出。The down-converter has undergone two frequency conversions, and both frequency conversions use high local oscillator signals, so the frequency spectrum is not inverted after frequency conversion. The input RF signal first goes through a low noise amplifier to reduce the noise figure of the inverter. Then the signal is mixed with the first local oscillator 8.4-13.9GHz after passing through the pre-filter to obtain the first IF signal of 7.9GHz, which is filtered and amplified and mixed with the second local oscillator 8.62GHz to obtain the first IF signal The second intermediate frequency signal is 720MHz, and the second intermediate frequency signal is output after filtering, amplifying, and gain control.
在上述系统的进一步解释说明中,该中频处理单元包括N阶抗混叠滤波装置,其中:In the further explanation of the above system, the intermediate frequency processing unit includes an N-order anti-aliasing filtering device, wherein:
N阶抗混叠滤波装置,用于根据预设的有效信号带宽和采样率确定阶数后,根据监测频谱数据确定目标频点对应的数字中频信号,对目标频点对应的数字中频信号进行抗混叠滤波处理,输出待采样的IQ数字信号。The N-order anti-aliasing filtering device is used to determine the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point according to the monitoring spectrum data after the order is determined according to the preset effective signal bandwidth and sampling rate, and perform anti-aliasing on the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point. Aliasing filter processing, output the IQ digital signal to be sampled.
在本发明中,N阶抗混叠滤波装置能够适应于多阶抗混叠功能的滤波装置,其需要根据预设的有效信号带宽和采样率从N阶中确定合理数目t的阶数之后,根据阶数t布置具有t阶抗混叠功能的滤波装置,依靠确定好的滤波装置对接收到的中频数字信号进行抗混叠滤波处理,输出待采样的IQ数字信号。输出的待采样的IQ数字信号在进行后续的采样工作。In the present invention, the N-order anti-aliasing filtering device can be adapted to the filtering device with multi-order anti-aliasing function. According to the order t, a filter device with t-order anti-aliasing function is arranged, and the received IF digital signal is subjected to anti-aliasing filtering processing by means of the determined filter device, and the IQ digital signal to be sampled is output. The output IQ digital signal to be sampled is performing subsequent sampling work.
进一步的解释说明,每一阶的抗混叠滤波装置包括正向滤波单元和反向滤波单元,所述正向滤波单元包括正向混频器和第一滤波器,所述反向滤波单元包括反向混频器和第二滤波器。Further explanation, the anti-aliasing filtering device of each order includes a forward filtering unit and a reverse filtering unit, the forward filtering unit includes a forward mixer and a first filter, and the reverse filtering unit includes Inverse mixer and second filter.
参见图4和图5,图4是模数转换器与一阶抗混叠滤波装置的结构示意图,图5是多阶抗混叠滤波装置的数据在滤波过程中的流向示意图。Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an analog-to-digital converter and a first-order anti-aliasing filtering device, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of data flow of the multi-order anti-aliasing filtering device during the filtering process.
在图4中可以看出,每一阶的抗混叠滤波装置包括正向滤波单元和反向滤波单元,正向滤波单元包括正向混频器41和第三滤波器42,反向滤波单元包括反向混频器43和第四滤波器44。在图5中可以看出,当信号采样频率为Fs=1200MSps,采样位宽为12位,为数据使用方便按16位存储,数据记录速度为1200×2MB/s=2400MB/s。信道化接收处理后,通过滤波后降采样的方式,得到600MSps的IQ数据流,考虑不同抽取倍数后的数据量统计如表1,表1为不同处理带宽下记录数据率的汇总表。It can be seen in FIG. 4 that the anti-aliasing filtering device of each order includes a forward filtering unit and a reverse filtering unit, the forward filtering unit includes a
通过根据预设的有效信号带宽和采样率确定抗混叠阶数后,然后对中频数字信号进行抗混叠滤波处理,输出待采样的IQ数字信号,实现通过数字滤波抽取减少处理带宽的同时进一步提高信噪比。After the anti-aliasing order is determined according to the preset effective signal bandwidth and sampling rate, the IF digital signal is then subjected to anti-aliasing filtering, and the IQ digital signal to be sampled is output. Improve the signal-to-noise ratio.
在上述系统的进一步解释说明中,该主控单元确定目标频点对应的数字中频信号是否满足信号存储警告条件,若满足,则发出警告信息。需要说明的是,该系统还支持信号警告功能,当采集到的数字中频信号满足一定条件时发出警告以提醒用户,由用户进行决策是否启动对数字中频信号的采集存储。In the further explanation of the above system, the main control unit determines whether the digital intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the target frequency point satisfies the signal storage warning condition, and if so, issues a warning message. It should be noted that the system also supports a signal warning function. When the collected digital intermediate frequency signal meets certain conditions, a warning is issued to remind the user, and the user decides whether to start the acquisition and storage of the digital intermediate frequency signal.
本发明提供的射频信号采集记录回放系统,通过构建下变频器、中频信号记录单元和上变频器之间的信息交互,能够保障通信对抗内场试验任务,提高仿真试验能力;可实时采集信号样本,可将通信信号回放到空中作为实时测试信号,具有频谱查看、监测和显示的能力。The radio frequency signal acquisition, recording and playback system provided by the invention can ensure the communication against the infield test task and improve the simulation test ability by constructing the information exchange among the downconverter, the intermediate frequency signal recording unit and the upconverter; it can collect signal samples in real time. , the communication signal can be played back to the air as a real-time test signal, and it has the ability to view, monitor and display the spectrum.
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it can still be The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
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