CN115078070A

CN115078070A - Constant linear contact friction wear testing machine

Info

Publication number: CN115078070A
Application number: CN202210685448.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张昊; 朱文第; 斯杰里马赫·亚历山大; 杜巍; 付洪宇; 胡晨星; 孙柏刚; 汪新博
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Priority date: 2022-06-15
Filing date: 2022-06-15
Publication date: 2022-09-20

Abstract

The invention discloses a steady line contact friction and wear testing machine, which comprises: a base; a main shaft having a shaft axis extending in a horizontal direction and rotatably supported on the top of the base; the driving transmission mechanism is fixedly arranged on the base and is used for driving the main shaft to rotate; the linear contact friction pair comprises a friction ring and a friction plate; the friction ring is concentric with the main shaft and is detachably arranged at the end part of the main shaft; the outer peripheral surface of the friction ring and the surface of the friction plate form constant line contact friction; the loading mechanism is arranged on the base and the main shaft; the lubricating oil groove can swing around the axial lead and the longitudinal axis of the main shaft; the friction plate is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the lubricating oil groove; the detection mechanism is used for detecting the contact pressure and the friction force of the line contact friction pair; and the control mechanism is in signal connection with the driving transmission mechanism and the detection mechanism. The testing machine can ensure the steady line contact friction of the friction pair and can ensure continuous and stable lubrication.

Description

Constant linear contact friction wear testing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of friction tests, in particular to a steady line contact friction wear testing machine.

Background

It is known that when two objects contact each other and there is relative motion between the contact surfaces, friction occurs between the two objects, which in turn causes different degrees of frictional wear. This phenomenon of frictional wear is both beneficial and detrimental and can be used in industrial processes to improve the surface roughness of objects, but can also substantially impair the performance and service life of the production machines. Therefore, if the friction and wear mechanism between the objects in mutual contact can be correctly mastered, social production practice can be guided on the basis of the mechanism, the problem of unnecessary resource loss is reduced, and the working efficiency of equipment is improved. Meanwhile, the method can also provide important reference basis for the research of tribology and related fields.

At present, the scientific community has not formed a complete theoretical system for the friction and wear phenomena between solids, and the research on the deep mechanism of the system is not mature, so that the theoretical analysis is difficult to determine each performance of the friction pair. However, in an industrial process, in order to correctly design the matching relationship between the friction members, it is necessary to correctly and effectively evaluate the friction characteristics of the friction pair. Therefore, it is necessary to design a proper friction and wear machine to obtain the friction coefficient, wear characteristics, etc. between the respective materials.

In the prior art, a friction and wear testing machine for a linear contact friction and wear test has the problems that the balance cannot be accurately kept and the linear contact cannot be stabilized between linear contact friction pairs because vibration is inevitably generated in the rotation process of a main shaft and the contact state between the friction pairs is damaged in the measurement process of a friction force sensor, and the problems can cause uneven load loading and inaccurate results. In addition, some studies need to consider the friction characteristics of the friction pair under stable lubrication conditions, but most friction and wear machines often cannot provide a continuous and stable lubrication environment.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a steady line contact friction and wear testing machine, which can ensure steady line contact friction of a friction pair by a release degree of freedom, ensure a continuous and stable lubrication environment, and improve accuracy of a test result.

The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:

a steady line contact friction wear testing machine, comprising:

a base;

a main shaft having a shaft axis extending in a horizontal direction and rotatably supported on a top of the base around the shaft axis;

the driving transmission mechanism is fixedly arranged on the base and is used for driving the main shaft to rotate;

the linear contact friction pair comprises a friction ring and a friction plate; the friction ring is concentric with the main shaft and is detachably arranged at the end part of the main shaft; the outer circumferential surface of the friction ring and the surface of the friction plate form constant line contact friction;

the loading mechanism is arranged on the base and the main shaft and is used for adjusting positive pressure between the friction plate and the friction ring;

the lubricating oil groove is arranged on the loading mechanism, is provided with an opening at the top, can swing around the axial lead and the longitudinal axis of the main shaft and is used for containing lubricating oil; the axis line of the main shaft is vertically intersected with the longitudinal axis in a horizontal plane; the friction plate is detachably arranged on the inner bottom surface of the lubricating oil groove;

the detection mechanism is used for detecting positive pressure and friction force between the friction plate and the friction ring;

and the control mechanism is in signal connection with the driving transmission mechanism and the detection mechanism and is used for acquiring a detection signal of the detection mechanism.

Furthermore, the driving transmission mechanism comprises a driving motor, a transmission mechanism, a shaft sleeve, a supporting plate and an accessory frame;

the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the base and is in transmission connection with the main shaft through the transmission mechanism;

the shaft sleeve is fixedly arranged on the base through the supporting plate;

the main shaft is arranged in the shaft sleeve through a bearing, and the shaft axis of the main shaft is parallel to the shaft axis of the driving motor;

the accessory frame can be arranged at one end, close to the friction ring, of the shaft sleeve in a swinging mode around the axis line of the main shaft and is used for supporting the loading mechanism; the accessory frame is of a hollow block structure and is provided with at least four side surfaces which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;

the control mechanism is in signal connection with the driving motor and is used for controlling the driving motor and acquiring the working state information of the driving motor.

Furthermore, the loading mechanism comprises two adjustable outer rails, a loading outer frame, a loading bottom plate, a loading platform, a guiding force-dividing frame, an upper sliding rail, a fulcrum frame, a lever, a guide seat, a weight, a guide rope and a loading rope;

the two adjustable outer rails are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the accessory frame and can slide along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the central axis of each adjustable outer rail is parallel to the axial lead of the main shaft and has the same height;

the loading outer frame capable of swinging around the longitudinal axis and the axis of the main shaft is arranged between the two adjustable outer rails;

four corners inside the loading outer frame are provided with sliding guide rails extending along the vertical direction;

along the vertical direction, the loading platforms are arranged at the top of the loading bottom plate at intervals; the outer peripheral surfaces of the loading platform and the loading bottom plate are in sliding fit with the inner side surfaces of the sliding guide rails;

the detection mechanism comprises a positive pressure sensor fixedly arranged on the top surface of the loading bottom plate, and the positive pressure sensor is used for detecting the positive pressure applied to the loading platform by the loading bottom plate;

the lubricating oil groove is fixedly arranged at the top of the loading platform;

the loading mechanism drives the friction plate to apply positive pressure to the friction ring through the loading bottom plate;

the fulcrum frame is fixedly arranged at the top of the accessory frame, and the upper sliding rail is connected to the top of the accessory frame in a pressing mode;

the top end of the guide force-dividing frame is fixedly arranged at the end part of the upper slide rail and is of an inverted U-shaped structure, and a guide groove and a fixed pulley for guiding the loading rope are arranged on two sides of the guide force-dividing frame;

the central axis of the lever and the axis of the main shaft are positioned in the same vertical plane, and the central axis of the upper slide rail and the central axis of the lever are arranged in parallel; the lever is arranged in parallel with the main shaft, the middle part of the lever is arranged at the top of the fulcrum frame through a hinge seat in a swinging manner, one end of the lever is hinged with a hoisting seat through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the lever is connected with the guide rope; the swing axis of the lever is parallel to the longitudinal axis; the top end of the hoisting seat can swing around the axis of the rotating shaft, and the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the longitudinal axis and is positioned in the same vertical plane; a rolling shaft is arranged at the bottom end of the hoisting seat, and the axis of the rolling shaft is parallel to the axis of the main shaft and is positioned in the same vertical plane;

the loading rope is of a closed loop structure, the top of the loading rope is suspended on the rolling shaft, the bottom of the loading rope is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the loading bottom plate, and the middle of the loading rope is guided by the guide groove and the fixed pulley of the guide force-dividing frame and the fixed pulleys on two sides of the loading bottom plate;

the bottom end of the guide rope bypasses the guide seat and is connected with the weight;

the guide holder is fixedly installed on the base and located at the bottom of the lever, and two fixed pulleys rotating around a horizontal axis are arranged inside the guide holder and used for controlling the middle of the guide rope to extend along the horizontal direction through the two fixed pulleys.

Further, the transmission mechanism is a belt transmission mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism.

Furthermore, the detection mechanism further comprises a sensor support and a friction force sensor;

the sensor support is fixedly arranged on the base;

the friction force sensor is fixedly arranged at the top of the sensor support, is connected with the accessory frame and is used for detecting the friction force transmitted by the accessory frame.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a display device which is in signal connection with the control mechanism;

and according to the signals acquired by the control mechanism, the display device is used for displaying the working state information of the driving motor and the numerical values acquired by the friction force sensor and the positive pressure sensor.

Furthermore, the end surface of the main shaft is provided with a threaded hole;

the friction ring is mounted to the main shaft through a first locking bolt.

Furthermore, the friction plate is an annular plate provided with a central through hole and is arranged in the lubricating oil groove through a second locking bolt penetrating through the central through hole;

the friction plate can be reused by rotating.

Still further, the device also comprises a rotating speed sensor arranged on the driving motor;

and the rotating speed sensor is in signal connection with the control mechanism and is used for detecting the rotating speed of the driving motor.

Furthermore, the driving motor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the base, and a rubber gasket is clamped between the driving motor and the base;

the base is provided with a notch for the transmission mechanism to pass through.

Has the advantages that:

(1) the constant linear contact friction wear testing machine provided by the invention is characterized in that a main shaft and a driving transmission mechanism for driving the main shaft to rotate are supported on a base, a linear contact friction pair comprises a friction ring arranged at the end part of the main shaft and a friction plate arranged in a lubricating oil groove, and the friction ring is driven to rotate by the main shaft so as to perform linear contact friction with the friction plate; the loading mechanism is used for adjusting positive pressure between the friction plate and the friction ring, and friction tests under different pressure conditions are realized through the loading mechanism; the lubricating oil groove can ensure the continuous and stable lubricating environment of the linear contact friction pair, and the friction plate can always keep a constant linear contact friction state with the friction ring through the swinging of the lubricating oil groove around the shaft axis and the longitudinal axis of the main shaft which are vertically crossed in the horizontal plane, and the friction ring and the friction plate can always have a better lubricating condition through the lubricating oil groove; the detection mechanism is used for detecting positive pressure and friction force between the friction plate and the friction ring; therefore, when the steady line contact friction and wear testing machine is used for a friction and wear test, the steady line contact condition of the line contact friction pair can be ensured by releasing the freedom degree, and the defect that the stable line contact condition cannot be achieved due to the point contact formed between the conventional friction ring and the friction plate is avoided; when the loading mechanism has the swinging freedom degree, the loading force of the friction plate and the reaction force of the friction ring can form a restoring moment, so that the loading mechanism swings towards the direction of reducing the angle, the friction plate can be close to the friction ring until the friction pair reaches stable line contact, and the accuracy of a friction and wear test is improved.

(2) According to the contact friction wear testing machine for the steady line, disclosed by the invention, a shaft sleeve of a driving transmission mechanism is fixedly arranged on a base through a supporting plate, a main shaft is arranged in the shaft sleeve through a bearing, and the rotary installation of the main shaft is realized through the shaft sleeve and the supporting plate; the accessory frame is of a hollow block structure and can be arranged at one end, close to the friction ring, of the shaft sleeve in a swinging mode to support the loading mechanism, the loading mechanism can have a swinging freedom degree around the axis of the main shaft through the accessory frame arranged on the shaft sleeve in a swinging mode, the loading mechanism can swing along with the friction plate, the situation that the loading force is not perpendicular to the contact surface due to the fact that the friction plate swings around the axis of the main shaft due to the fact that the sensitive element of the friction force sensor deforms is avoided, the principle defect that the friction force measuring process of the friction force sensor can affect the contact state of the friction pair is overcome, the fact that the positive pressure is perpendicular to the contact surface all the time in the friction force measuring process is guaranteed, and accuracy and repeatability of test results are improved.

(3) The loading mechanism of the steady line contact friction wear testing machine comprises two adjustable outer rails, a loading outer frame, a loading bottom plate, a loading platform, a guide force dividing frame, an upper slide rail, a fulcrum frame, a lever, a guide seat, a weight, a guide rope and a loading rope, and ensures that the loading mechanism can synchronously swing around the axis of a main shaft along with an accessory frame and can synchronously swing around the longitudinal axis along with the loading outer frame in the loading process, so that a line contact friction pair and the loading mechanism synchronously move, the acting force applied by the loading mechanism just passes through the friction contact position of a friction ring and a friction plate, and the accuracy of the test result is further improved.

(4) Because the detection mechanism comprises the friction force sensor and the positive pressure sensor, the friction force sensor is fixedly arranged between the sensor support and the accessory frame, and the positive pressure sensor is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the loading bottom plate, the friction force between the friction ring and the friction plate can be detected through the friction force sensor, and meanwhile, the positive pressure applied by the loading mechanism can be detected through the positive pressure sensor.

(5) According to the steady line contact friction wear testing machine, the friction plate is an annular plate provided with the central through hole and is arranged in the lubricating oil groove through the second locking bolt penetrating through the central through hole, so that after a single friction wear test is completed, the friction plate can rotate around the axis of the central through hole and then is fixed, and the surface part of the friction plate not participating in friction is used as a friction pair contact surface of the next test, so that the friction plate can be repeatedly utilized through rotation, the utilization rate of test materials can be greatly improved, and unnecessary waste is reduced.

(6) Because press from both sides between driving motor and base and be equipped with the rubber gasket, can keep apart driving motor's vibration through the rubber gasket to weaken driving motor during operation self vibration and the experimental error that causes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a steady line contact friction wear tester according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of the steady line contact friction wear tester in fig. 1.

Wherein, 1-base, 2-main supporting plate, 3-auxiliary supporting plate, 4-driving motor, 5-driving belt, 6-main shaft, 7-accessory rack, 8-adjustable outer rail, 9-loading outer rack, 10-loading bottom plate, 11-carrying platform, 12-guiding force-dividing rack, 13-fulcrum rack, 14-lever, 15-guiding seat, 16-weight, 17-guiding rope, 18-lubricating oil groove, 19-friction ring, 20-sensor support, 21-friction force sensor, 22-positive pressure sensor, 23-first locking bolt, 24-second locking bolt, 25-friction plate, 26-upper sliding rail, 27-loading rope, 28-shaft sleeve, 29-guiding groove, 30-fixed pulley, 31-hinged seat, 32-rotating shaft, 33-hoisting seat and 34-rolling shaft

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the invention provides a steady linear contact friction wear testing machine, which comprises a base 1, a main shaft 6, a driving transmission mechanism, a linear contact friction pair, a loading mechanism, a lubricating oil groove 18, a detection mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the main shaft is arranged on the base 1; the base 1 is the basis of a steady line contact friction wear testing machine; for convenience of description, in the embodiment of the present invention, a direction from left to right of a page in fig. 1 of the specification is defined as a transverse direction, i.e., an axial direction of a principal axis, a direction from top to bottom of the page in fig. 1 of the specification is defined as a vertical direction, and a direction perpendicular to the page in fig. 1 of the specification is defined as a longitudinal direction, i.e., an extending direction of a longitudinal axis;

the main shaft 6 has a shaft axis extending in the horizontal direction and is supported on the top of the base 1 so as to be rotatable about the shaft axis;

the driving transmission mechanism is fixedly arranged on the base 1 and used for driving the main shaft 6 to rotate and providing power for the rotation of the main shaft 6; the driving transmission mechanism can control and adjust the rotating speed of the main shaft 6 so as to control the rotating speed of the friction ring 19 rotating along with the main shaft 6;

the line contact friction pair comprises a friction ring 19 and a friction plate 25; the friction ring 19 is arranged concentrically with the main shaft 6 and is detachably mounted at the end part of the main shaft 6; the outer peripheral surface of the friction ring 19 and the surface of the friction plate 25 form a constant line contact friction; the end face of the main shaft 6 is provided with a threaded hole; the friction ring 19 is mounted to the main shaft 6 by a first locking bolt 23; the end surface of the friction ring 19 is arranged in parallel with the end surface of the main shaft 6;

the loading mechanism is arranged on the base 1 and the main shaft 6 and is used for adjusting the positive pressure between the friction plate 25 and the friction ring 19;

the lubricating oil groove 18 is arranged on the loading mechanism, the top of the lubricating oil groove is provided with an opening, the lubricating oil groove can swing around the axis line and the longitudinal axis of the main shaft 6, and the lubricating oil groove is used for containing lubricating oil to lubricate the friction part of the friction plate 25 and the friction ring 19; the axis of the main shaft 6 is vertically intersected with the longitudinal axis in a horizontal plane, namely, the axis of the main shaft 6 and the longitudinal axis are both in the same horizontal plane, and the axis of the main shaft 6 is vertically intersected with the longitudinal axis; the friction plate 25 is detachably mounted on the inner bottom surface of the lubricating oil groove 18; the friction plate 25 is an annular plate provided with a central through hole, the upper surface of the bottom plate of the lubricating oil groove 18 can be provided with a threaded hole (not shown in the figure), and the lubricating oil groove 18 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole on the upper surface of the bottom plate through a second locking bolt 24 penetrating through the central through hole; the friction plate 25 can be reused by rotating; when the friction and wear test is carried out, lubricating oil can be contained in the lubricating oil groove 18;

the detection mechanism is used for detecting the positive pressure and the friction force between the friction plate 25 and the friction ring 19;

the control mechanism is in signal connection with the driving transmission mechanism and the detection mechanism and is used for acquiring a detection signal of the detection mechanism.

The steady linear contact friction wear testing machine is characterized in that a main shaft 6 and a driving transmission mechanism for driving the main shaft 6 to rotate are supported on a base 1, a linear contact friction pair comprises a friction ring 19 arranged at the end part of the main shaft 6 and a friction plate 25 arranged in a lubricating oil groove 18, and the main shaft 6 drives the friction ring 19 to rotate so as to enable the friction ring 19 and the friction plate 25 to carry out linear contact friction; the loading mechanism is used for adjusting the positive pressure between the friction plate 25 and the friction ring 19, and the positive pressure between the friction ring 19 and the friction plate 25 can be adjusted through the loading mechanism, so that friction tests under different pressure conditions are realized; the lubricating oil groove 18 can guarantee the continuous and stable lubricating environment of the line contact friction pair, the lubricating oil groove 18 can swing around the axis line of the main shaft 6 and can also swing around the longitudinal axis, the friction plate 25 and the friction ring 19 can always keep a constant line contact friction state through the swinging of the lubricating oil groove 18, and the friction ring 19 and the friction plate 25 can always have a better lubricating condition through the lubricating oil groove 18; the detection mechanism is used for detecting the positive pressure and the friction force between the friction plate 25 and the friction ring 19; therefore, when the steady line contact friction and wear testing machine is used for a friction and wear test, the steady line contact condition of the line contact friction pair can be ensured by releasing the degree of freedom, and the defects that point contact is formed between the friction ring 19 and the friction plate 25 due to the existence of a gap when the angle is formed between the outer surface of the friction ring 19 and the friction plate 25, and the stable line contact condition cannot be achieved are avoided; when the loading mechanism has a swinging freedom degree, the loading force of the friction plate 25 and the reaction force of the friction ring 19 form a restoring moment, so that the loading mechanism swings towards the direction of reducing the angle, the friction plate 25 is close to the friction ring 19 until the friction pair reaches stable line contact, and the accuracy of the friction and wear test is improved.

Above-mentioned friction plate 25 of unsteady line contact friction wear test machine is the annular plate that is provided with central through-hole to install in lubrication groove 18 through the second locking bolt 24 of wearing to locate central through-hole, therefore, after single friction wear test is accomplished, can fix after the axis rotation of friction plate 25 around its central through-hole again, the sub-contact surface of friction plate 25 not participating in the friction is regarded as next time experimental surface part, make friction plate 25 can realize many times of reuse through rotating, can improve the utilization ratio of experimental material greatly, reduce unnecessary waste.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in the structure of fig. 1 and 2, the driving transmission mechanism comprises a driving motor 4, a transmission mechanism, a shaft sleeve 28, a supporting plate and an accessory frame 7;

the driving motor 4 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, is in transmission connection with the main shaft 6 through a transmission mechanism and is used for driving the main shaft 6 to rotate; the driving motor 4 can be fixedly arranged at the bottom of the base 1 through bolts, and a rubber gasket (not shown in the figure) is clamped between the driving motor 4 and the base 1; the base 1 is provided with a notch for the transmission mechanism to pass through; the transmission mechanism can be a belt transmission mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism;

the shaft sleeve 28 is fixedly arranged on the base 1 through a supporting plate; as shown in the structure of fig. 1 and 2, the support plate may include a main support plate 2 and a sub-support plate 3 disposed in a vertical direction; the main supporting plate 2 and the auxiliary supporting plate 3 form a frame structure with higher rigidity, and provide effective support for the main shaft 6; the main shaft 6 is arranged in the shaft sleeve 28 through a bearing, and the axial lead of the main shaft 6 is parallel to the axial lead of the driving motor 4; the accessory frame 7 is arranged at one end of the shaft sleeve 28 close to the friction ring 19 in a manner of swinging around the axis of the main shaft 6, is used for supporting the loading mechanism and enables the loading mechanism to have a rotational degree of freedom around the axis of the main shaft 6; the accessory frame 7 is of a hollow block structure and is provided with at least four side surfaces which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the accessory frame 7 is provided with a bearing through hole, a bearing is arranged in the bearing through hole, the outer peripheral side of the shaft sleeve 28 is sleeved through the bearing, and the accessory frame 7 rotates relative to the shaft sleeve 28 through the bearing; the rotating axis of the accessory frame 7 is superposed with the axis line of the main shaft 6; the control mechanism is in signal connection with the driving motor 4 and is used for controlling the driving motor 4 and obtaining the working state information of the driving motor 4.

Because the shaft sleeve 28 of the driving transmission mechanism is fixedly arranged on the base 1 through the supporting plate, the main shaft 6 is arranged in the shaft sleeve 28 through the bearing, and the rotating installation of the main shaft 6 is realized through the shaft sleeve 28 and the supporting plate; because the accessory frame 7 is a hollow block structure and can be arranged at one end of the shaft sleeve 28 in a swinging mode and used for supporting the loading mechanism, the loading mechanism has a swinging freedom degree around the axis of the main shaft 6, the loading mechanism can swing along with the friction plate 25, the situation that the loading force is not vertical to the contact surface due to the fact that the friction plate 25 swings around the axis of the main shaft 6 due to deformation of a sensitive element of the friction force sensor is avoided, the principle defect that the friction force measuring process of the friction force sensor 21 can influence the contact state of a friction pair is overcome, the fact that the positive pressure is always vertical to the contact surface in the friction force measuring process is guaranteed, and accuracy and repeatability of a test result are improved.

Because press from both sides between driving motor 4 and the base 1 and be equipped with through the rubber gasket, can keep apart driving motor 4's vibration through the rubber gasket to weaken driving motor 4 during operation self vibration and the experimental error that causes.

Furthermore, the loading mechanism comprises two adjustable outer rails 8, a loading outer frame 9, a loading bottom plate 10, a loading platform 11, a guiding force-dividing frame 12, an upper sliding rail 26, a fulcrum frame 13, a lever 14, a guide seat 15, a weight 16, a guiding rope 17 and a loading rope 27;

the two adjustable outer rails 8 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the accessory frame 7 and can slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 6, and the central axis of each adjustable outer rail 8 is parallel to the axial lead of the main shaft 6 and has the same height; as shown in the structure of fig. 1 and 2, a fixed sliding block is fixedly installed on the surface of one side of the accessory frame 7 corresponding to the adjustable outer rail 8, and the adjustable outer rail 8 is in sliding fit with the fixed sliding block to realize sliding adjustment of the adjustable outer rail 8 relative to the accessory frame 7; the fixed sliding block and the accessory frame 7 can be in a split structure or an integral structure; the axial position of the loading outer frame 9 along the main shaft 6 can be adjusted through the adjustable outer rail 8;

a loading outer frame 9 which can swing around the longitudinal axis and the axis of the main shaft 6 is arranged between the two adjustable outer rails 8; a mounting hole is formed in one end, facing the lubricating oil groove 18, of the adjustable outer rail 8, wherein the end, far away from the accessory frame 7, of the adjustable outer rail 8, and the axis line of the mounting hole is overlapped with the longitudinal axis; the loading outer frame 9 is provided with a rotating shaft corresponding to the mounting hole, and the loading outer frame 9 is arranged between the two symmetrically arranged adjustable outer rails 8 through the rotating fit of the rotating shaft and the mounting hole; a bearing can be arranged between the rotating shaft and the mounting hole; through the rotational fit between the adjustable outer rail 8 and the loading outer frame 9, the swinging freedom of the loading mechanism along the longitudinal axis can be released;

four corners inside the loading outer frame 9 are provided with sliding guide rails which extend along the vertical direction and are parallel to each other; the loading outer frame 9 is of a frame structure, and four vertical sliding guide rails are arranged on the inner side of the frame structure and used for guiding the movement directions of the loading bottom plate 10 and the loading platform 11;

in the vertical direction, the loading platforms 11 are arranged at intervals on the top of the loading base plate 10; the outer peripheral surfaces of the loading platform 11 and the loading bottom plate 10 are in sliding fit with the inner side surfaces of the sliding guide rails; fixed pulleys in rolling fit with the loading ropes 27 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the loading bottom plate 10;

the detection mechanism comprises a positive pressure sensor 22 fixedly arranged on the top surface of the loading bottom plate 10; a positive pressure sensor 22 is installed between the loading baseplate 10 and the loading platform 11, and is used for detecting the positive pressure applied to the loading platform 11 by the loading baseplate 10 so as to measure the positive pressure between the friction plate 25 and the friction ring 19;

the lubricating oil groove 18 is fixedly arranged at the top of the object platform 11;

the loading mechanism drives the friction plate 25 to apply positive pressure to the friction ring 19 through the loading bottom plate 10;

the fulcrum frame 13 is fixedly arranged at the top of the accessory frame 7, and the upper slide rail 26 is pressed on the top of the accessory frame 7; the fulcrum frame 13 may be an H-shaped structure;

the top end of the guiding force-dividing frame 12 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the upper slide rail 26, is of an inverted U-shaped structure, and is provided with a guide groove 29 and a fixed pulley 30 at two sides for guiding the loading rope 27;

the lever 14 is arranged in parallel with the main shaft 6, the middle part of the lever is arranged at the top of the fulcrum frame 13 in a swinging way through a hinge seat 31, one end of the lever is hinged with a hoisting seat 33 through a rotating shaft 32, and the other end of the lever is connected with a guide rope 17; the axis of oscillation of the lever 14 is parallel to the longitudinal axis; the top end of the hoisting seat 33 can swing around the axis of the rotating shaft 32, and the axis of the rotating shaft 32 is parallel to the longitudinal axis and is positioned in the same vertical plane; the bottom end of the hoisting seat 33 is provided with a roller 34 which is arranged in parallel with the main shaft 6, and the axis of the roller 34 is parallel with the axis of the main shaft 6 and is positioned in the same vertical plane;

the loading rope 27 is of a closed loop structure, the top of the loading rope is hung on the roller 34, the bottom of the loading rope is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the loading bottom plate 10, and the middle of the loading rope is guided by the guide groove 29 and the fixed pulley 30 of the guide force-dividing frame 12 and the fixed pulleys 30 on two sides of the loading bottom plate 10; during loading, the loading rope 27 is in a tight state, and can transmit the loading force generated by the lever 14 to the loading base plate 10;

the bottom end of the guide rope 17 bypasses the guide seat 15 and is connected with a weight 16 for loading;

the guide seat 15 is fixedly arranged on the base 1 and positioned at the bottom of the other end of the lever 14, two fixed pulleys rotating around a horizontal axis are arranged in the guide seat, and the middle part of the guide rope 17 is controlled by the two fixed pulleys to extend along the horizontal direction; the central axes of the two fixed pulleys arranged inside the guide seat 15 are arranged in parallel and can be arranged in parallel with the longitudinal axis, so that the part of the guide rope 17 passing through the guide seat 15 between the two fixed pulleys is parallel with the axis of the main shaft 6; the loading force generated by the weight force of the weight 16 is transmitted to the lever 14 through the guide rope 17.

The loading mechanism of the steady linear contact friction wear testing machine is composed of two adjustable outer rails 8, a loading outer frame 9, a loading bottom plate 10, a loading platform 11, a guide force dividing frame 12, an upper sliding rail 26, a fulcrum frame 13, a lever 14, a guide seat 15, weights 16, a guide rope 17 and a loading rope 27, and ensures that the loading mechanism can synchronously swing around the axis of a main shaft 6 along with an accessory frame 7 and also synchronously swing around the longitudinal axis along with the loading outer frame 9 in the loading process, so that a linear contact friction pair and the loading mechanism synchronously move, the acting force applied by the loading mechanism just passes through the friction contact position of a friction ring 19 and a friction plate 25, and the accuracy of a test result is further improved.

Specifically, the detection mechanism further includes a sensor mount 20 and a frictional force sensor 21; the sensor support 20 is fixedly arranged on the base 1; the sensor support 20 can be in an L-shaped structure, the top end of the sensor support is provided with a small hole for installing the friction force sensor 21, and the friction force sensor 21 is fixedly arranged at the top of the sensor support 20, is connected with the accessory frame 7 and is used for detecting the friction force transmitted by the accessory frame 7; the friction force sensor 21 can be connected with the accessory frame 7 through a T-shaped plate, and when the accessory frame 7 is subjected to the friction force transmitted by the friction plate 25, the friction force sensor 21 generates a corresponding deformation signal due to the pulling force; the positive pressure sensor 22 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the loading base plate 10 and is used for detecting the positive pressure applied to the loading platform 11 by the loading base plate 10; when the loading base plate 10 is subjected to a loading force, the loading base plate 10 slides upwards under the action of the loading force, so that the positive pressure sensor 22 contacts the loading platform 11; when the loading process is completed, the positive pressure sensor 22 generates a deformation signal due to the corresponding extrusion deformation caused by the loading force; the control mechanism is in signal connection with a friction sensor 21 and a positive pressure sensor 22.

Since the detection mechanism includes the friction sensor 21 and the positive pressure sensor 22, the friction sensor 21 is fixedly installed between the sensor support 20 and the attachment frame 7, and the positive pressure sensor 22 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the loading base plate 10, the friction force between the friction ring 19 and the friction plate 25 can be detected by the friction sensor 21, and at the same time, the positive pressure applied by the loading mechanism can be detected by the positive pressure sensor 22.

On the basis of the various embodiments, the steady linear contact friction wear testing machine further comprises a display device in signal connection with the control mechanism and a rotating speed sensor installed on the driving motor 4; the display device and the control mechanism can be of an integral structure; and according to the signals acquired by the control mechanism, the display device is used for displaying the working state information of the driving motor 4 and the numerical values acquired by the friction force sensor 21 and the positive pressure sensor 22. The rotating speed sensor is in signal connection with the control mechanism and is used for detecting the rotating speed of the driving motor 4.

The display device is convenient for displaying various working parameters and collected parameters of the testing machine; the rotational speed of the drive motor 4 can be detected conveniently by means of a rotational speed sensor and the relative speed between the friction plate 25 and the friction ring 19 can be monitored and adjusted by means of the rotational speed sensor and a control mechanism.

When the steady line contact friction wear testing machine is used for testing, loading force is transmitted to the loading bottom plate 10 through the loading rope 27, the loading bottom plate 10 moves upwards along a sliding guide rail due to limitation of the sliding guide rail of the loading outer frame 9, the positive pressure sensor 22 moves along with the loading bottom plate 10, and then the loading platform 11 is pushed to move upwards. The lubricant sump 18 is fixed to the loading platform 11 and moves upward with the loading platform 11. Because the friction plate 25 is located at the inner bottom of the lubricating oil groove 18, the friction plate 25 moves upwards along with the lubricating oil groove 18, after the end face of the friction plate 25 is tangent to and completely attached to the outer peripheral face of the friction ring 19, the loading bottom plate 10 cannot move upwards any more, the friction pair is subjected to corresponding loading force, the friction pair is in a line contact state, and the loading process is completed. When the peripheral surface of the friction ring 19 is not tangent to the end surface of the friction plate 25 due to external factors, the friction pair is separated from the linear contact state, a certain included angle is formed between the corresponding binding surfaces, and a rotation moment is formed between the two planes; because the friction ring 19 is a fixed structure, the rotating torque finally acts on the loading mechanism, so that the loading outer frame swings around the rotating shaft in the direction of reducing the included angle of the binding surface, and the end surface of the friction plate 25 correspondingly swings along with the loading outer frame; when the outer peripheral surface of the friction ring 19 is again brought into contact with the end surface of the friction plate 25, the rotational moment acting between the two planes disappears, and the friction pair resumes the line contact state. When the driving motor 4 is operated, the friction ring 19 rotates along with the main shaft 6, the outer circumferential surface of the friction ring 19 and the end surface of the friction plate 25 are always tangent under the action of the restoring moment, and therefore the friction ring 19 and the friction plate 25 are always in a stable linear contact state.

By adopting the steady line contact friction wear testing machine, the steady line contact friction between the friction ring 19 and the friction plate 25 can be realized. On the basis, the rotating speed of the friction ring 19 is controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the driving motor 4, the positive pressure is controlled by controlling the mass of the weight 16 of the loading mechanism, so that the friction and wear conditions of the linear contact friction pair under different rotating speeds and different positive pressure conditions are detected, and the accuracy of the test result is improved.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a constancy line contact friction wear test machine which characterized in that includes:

a base;

2. The steady line contact friction wear tester of claim 1 wherein the drive transmission mechanism includes a drive motor, a transmission mechanism, a bushing, a support plate, and an accessory carriage;

the shaft sleeve is fixedly arranged on the base through the supporting plate;

3. The contact friction wear testing machine of claim 2, wherein the loading mechanism comprises two adjustable outer rails, an outer loading frame, a loading bottom plate, an object carrying platform, a guiding force dividing frame, an upper sliding rail, a fulcrum frame, a lever, a guide seat, a weight, a guiding rope and a loading rope;

4. The steady line contact friction wear tester as claimed in claim 2 wherein the transmission is a belt transmission, a gear transmission or a chain transmission.

5. The steady line contact friction wear tester as claimed in claim 3 wherein the detection mechanism further comprises a sensor mount and a friction force sensor;

the sensor support is fixedly arranged on the base;

6. The steady line contact friction wear tester of claim 5 further comprising a display device in signal communication with the control mechanism;

7. The contact friction wear tester of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the end face of the main shaft is provided with a threaded hole;

the friction ring is mounted to the main shaft through a first locking bolt.

8. The contact friction wear tester of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the friction plate is an annular plate provided with a central through hole and is mounted to the lubrication groove by a second locking bolt passing through the central through hole;

the friction plate can be reused by rotating.

9. The steady line contact friction wear tester as claimed in any one of claims 2-6, further comprising a rotational speed sensor mounted to the drive motor;

10. The contact friction wear testing machine of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the driving motor is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the base, and a rubber gasket is clamped between the driving motor and the base;