CN209311255U - A guide rail friction and wear testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a guide rail friction and wear testing machine, which solves the problem that the formation of guide rail friction and wear in the prior art is difficult to accurately control, and has the beneficial effects of stable loading force, small fluctuation and high testing accuracy. The scheme is as follows: 1. A guide rail friction and wear testing machine, comprising a linear reciprocating mechanism; a damper; a fixture, the fixture includes an upper fixture and a lower fixture, which are respectively used to clamp two guide rail samples, wherein the lower fixture is connected with the linear reciprocating mechanism, and the upper fixture is connected with the linear reciprocating mechanism. The sliders of the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair are connected to realize the relative friction of the two guide rail samples; the pressure applying mechanism is set on the frame and provides pressure to the upward fixture; the horizontal locking member is connected to the clamp connected with the damper to The fixture is locked; the force sensor is arranged between the pressure applying mechanism and the horizontal locking member.

Description

A guide rail friction and wear testing machine

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of testing equipment, in particular to a guide rail friction and wear testing machine.

Background technique

The guide rail is one of the key components of the machine tool, and its performance will directly affect the machining accuracy, bearing capacity and service life of the machine tool. The design of the guide rail should meet the requirements of: guiding accuracy, accuracy retention, low-speed motion stability, rigidity, simple structure, good workmanship, easy clearance adjustment, good lubrication and protection, etc. Among them, the accuracy retention is mainly related to friction, while the low-speed motion stability is related to the dynamic and static friction coefficient between the guide rail and the guide rail. Therefore, friction and wear performance is one of the most important factors affecting the performance of sliding guides. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a friction and wear testing machine suitable for guide rails.

Most of the current guide rail friction and wear testing machines have one or more of the following problems:

1. The slider crank mechanism is used to realize the reciprocating motion of the guide rail. Although it is easier to achieve a high sliding speed, the sliding speed is unstable and the stroke is difficult to control freely.

2. The servo motor is used to drive the lead screw to load. Although the loading is more sensitive, when the sample is worn or uneven, the loading force will fluctuate greatly, which does not meet the actual working conditions of the guide rail pair.

3. Lack of design for guide rail crawling, unable to effectively test the low-speed motion stability of the guide rail pair.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a guide rail friction and wear testing machine, which can accurately control the sliding speed of the sample, effectively simulate the low-speed crawling phenomenon in the guide rail operation, and the setting of the loading force is stable.

A specific scheme of a guide rail friction and wear testing machine is as follows:

A guide rail friction and wear testing machine, comprising:

Linear reciprocating mechanism;

damper;

Fixture, the fixture consists of two parts, the two-part fixture is used to clamp two guide rail samples, one of the clamps is connected with the linear reciprocating mechanism, and the other is connected with the damper, so as to realize the relative friction of the two guide rail samples;

The pressure applying mechanism is arranged on the frame and provides pressure to one of the clamps;

The horizontal locking part is detachably connected with the clamp connected with the damper, and the damper is connected with the horizontal locking part;

The force sensor is arranged between the pressure exerting mechanism and the horizontal locking member.

Further, the machine frame is set on the bottom plate, and the linear reciprocating mechanism is set on the surface of the bottom plate. The linear reciprocating mechanism is an electric servo linear slide table, wherein the lower clamp is set on the electric servo linear slide table, which can realize accurate displacement control.

Further, the frame includes an L-shaped support plate and a frame arranged on one side of the L-shaped support plate, the pressure applying mechanism is supported by the frame, and the L-shaped support plate is arranged on the surface of the bottom plate and on the electric servo linear slide table On one side, the frame is arranged above the linear reciprocating mechanism.

Further, the pressure applying mechanism includes a vertical loading elastic member arranged inside the frame, a lead screw is arranged on the top of the loading elastic member, the lead screw is connected to the lifting part, the loading elastic part is a loading spring, and the lifting part drives the lead screw to move up and down, This provides pressure to the loading spring, which provides pressure to the rail specimen.

Further, the lifting part is a worm gear reducer connected to the lead screw on the top of the frame, the worm gear reducer is provided with a rotating hand wheel, and rotating the rotating hand wheel drives the worm to move up and down, thereby driving the lead screw Up and down movement, the lead screw is set inside the frame.

Further, a lower support frame is movably arranged at the bottom of the loading elastic member in the frame, a lateral linear guide rail slider pair is provided on the inner wall of the frame, and the sliders in the lateral linear guide rail slider pair are fixedly connected to the lower support frame, The force transmitted by the pressing mechanism is transmitted to the guide rail sample through the lower support frame; in this way, the pressure provided by the loaded elastic member is transmitted to the upper guide rail sample through the lower support frame, and the lateral linear guide rail slider pair can be guaranteed to be vertical. Self-sliding also plays the role of lateral support.

The lower support frame includes a lower support plate with ears on both sides, the lower support plate is connected to a column, the column passes through the bottom plate of the frame, and the end of the column passes through the frame to provide a sensor plate for connecting the force sensor, There are four columns, and the ears on both sides of the lower support plate are respectively connected with the sliders of the lateral linear guide rail sliders, and the lateral linear guide rail sliders are arranged on both sides of the frame to ensure stable operation and the lower support The upper surface of the plate is connected to the bottom end of the loaded spring.

Further, the force sensor is a two-way force sensor, and the force sensor is arranged on the bottom side of the sensor plate in the lower support frame, and the measurement of the friction force and pressure between the two guide rail samples is realized through the two-way force sensor.

Further, the fixture includes an upper fixture and a lower fixture, the lower guide rail sample is set on the lower fixture, the upper guide rail sample is set on the upper fixture, the upper fixture is set above the lower fixture, and one side of the upper fixture is provided with the damping The damper is arranged horizontally, and the end of the damper is connected to the horizontal locking member through the L-shaped bracket, that is, the damper is arranged between the L-shaped bracket and the upper clamp, and the end of the damper is connected to the L-shaped bracket and the upper clamp. The clamps are connected by detachable bolts to realize the replaceability of the damper.

The upper fixture is a door frame type, and the upper bolt passes through the upper fixture to limit the position of the upper guide rail sample, and set limit blocks on both sides of the lower fixture, the limit block and the lower fixture are connected by bolts, and the lower guide rail sample 1 is set Between the two limit blocks, and on the side of the lower fixture, that is, in the horizontal direction of the limit block, the lower bolt is used to clamp the lower guide rail sample.

The horizontal locking part is connected with the slider pair of the horizontal linear guide rail. One side of the L-shaped bracket is connected with the guide rail of the slider pair of the horizontal linear guide rail. The slider of the slider pair of the horizontal linear guide rail is set above the upper fixture, and the horizontal linear guide rail The guide rail of the slider pair, the slider and the upper fixture are detachably connected by locking bolts. The locking bolts are set from the opening of the upper fixture. The guide rail and the upper fixture of the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair can be locked with locking bolts. The friction force is provided to the two guide rail samples by the locking bolt, or the locking bolt is removed, and the friction force is provided to the two guide rail samples by the damper, and the damper is a spring.

Further, the guide rail of the horizontal linear guide rail sliding block is connected with the lower part of the force sensor.

A test method for a guide rail friction and wear testing machine, comprising the following contents:

When performing a low-speed stability test: clamp the guide rail sample through the fixture, loosen the horizontal locking member, apply pressure downward through the force applying mechanism, and the linear reciprocating motion mechanism drives the lower fixture to move, and the damper provides the guide rail sample Friction, collect test data through the force sensor;

When conducting ordinary friction and wear tests: clamp the guide rail sample through the fixture, lock the slider pair of the horizontal linear guide rail, apply pressure downward through the force applying mechanism, and the linear reciprocating motion mechanism drives the lower fixture to move, and the horizontal locking piece moves to the The rail sample provides friction, and the test data is collected through the force sensor.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1) The utility model effectively improves the precision of the displacement through the setting of the overall structure, and the provided loading force is stable to ensure the test effect.

2) The utility model adopts the loading spring for pressure loading, and after the loading is completed, it is insensitive to the small vertical displacement caused by the wear or unevenness of the sample.

3) The low-speed stability test provided by the utility model can effectively simulate the "low-speed crawling" phenomenon of the machine tool guide rail.

4) The utility model uses an electric servo linear slide to drive the reciprocating motion of the guide rail sample, with stable speed and high precision, which is closer to the actual working conditions.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present application.

Fig. 1 is the front structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of the lower support frame of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of setting of the lower support frame of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the enlarged view of the partial structure of the utility model;

In the figure: 1 is the bottom plate, 2 is the electric servo linear slide, 3 is the lower fixture, 4 is the L-shaped bracket, 5 is the damper, 6 is the L-shaped support plate, 7 is the frame, 8 is the screw, 9 is the worm gear Worm reducer, 10 is the hand wheel, 11 is the loading spring, 12 is the lateral linear guide rail slider pair, 13 is the lower support frame, 14 is the two-way force sensor, 15 is the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair, 16 is the upper fixture, 17 is the upper guide rail sample, 18 is the lower guide rail sample, 19 is the ear, 20 is the lower support plate, 21 is the sensor plate, 22 is the column, 23 is the horizontal guide rail, 24 is the horizontal slider, 25 is the locking bolt , 26 is a limit block.

Detailed ways

It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

As introduced in the background technology, there are deficiencies in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a guide rail friction and wear testing machine.

In a typical implementation of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a rail friction and wear testing machine includes a linear reciprocating mechanism; a damper 5; a clamp, the clamp includes an upper clamp 16 and a lower clamp 3, The two clamps are respectively used to clamp the upper and lower guide rail samples, wherein the lower clamp 3 is connected with the linear reciprocating mechanism, and the upper clamp 16 is connected to the horizontal slider 24 and the horizontal guide rail 23 of the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair 15 through locking bolts. Disassemble the connection; the pressure applying mechanism is located on the frame and provides pressure to the upper clamp 16; the horizontal locking member is the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair, which is connected with the clamp connected with the damper 5; the force sensor is located on the pressure applying mechanism and Between the horizontal locking parts, the damper 5 can be replaced to simulate different working environments.

The fixture includes an upper fixture 16 and a lower fixture 3. The lower guide rail sample 18 is arranged on the lower fixture 3. Limiting blocks 26 are arranged on both sides of the lower fixture 3. The limiting blocks 26 and the lower fixture 3 are connected by bolts. The lower guide rail sample 18 Set between the two limit blocks 26, and the side of the lower fixture, that is, the limit block, is provided with lower bolts in the horizontal direction for clamping the lower guide rail sample 18, and the upper guide rail sample 17 is set on the upper fixture. The bolts are clamped, and the upper bolts pass through the side of the upper fixture 3 to clamp the upper rail sample 17, and the damper 5 is set on one side of the upper fixture, and the end of the damper 5 passes through the L-shaped bracket 4 and the horizontal lock. Fastener connection, the damper 5 is located between the L-shaped bracket 4 and the upper clamp 16, and the end of the damper 5 is connected with the L-shaped bracket and the upper clamp 16 by detachable bolts, so that the damper 5 can be replaced.

The horizontal locking part is connected with the slider pair 15 of the horizontal linear guide rail, and the slider pair of the horizontal linear guide rail can be locked. At this time, the low-speed stability test module is invalid, which is equivalent to a common friction testing machine. The slider of the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair 15 is set on the upper fixture 16, the guide rail of the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair 15 and the upper fixture 16 are locked with locking bolts, and the locking bolts in the horizontal locking parts are connected to the two guide rails. The specimen provides friction.

The frame is set on the bottom plate 1, and the linear reciprocating mechanism is set on the surface of the bottom plate. The linear reciprocating mechanism is an electric servo linear slide 2, which can realize precise displacement control. The lower clamp 3 is set on the surface of the electric servo linear slide 2.

The frame includes an L-shaped support plate 6 and a frame 7 arranged on one side of the L-shaped support plate 6. The pressure applying mechanism is supported by the frame 7. The L-shaped support plate 6 is arranged on the surface of the bottom plate and is arranged on the electric servo linear slide table 2, the frame 7 is set above the electric servo linear slide table 2, and the frame 7 is fixed by four plates up, down, left, and right. The front and rear sides of the frame 7 are hollow, and the setting of the L-shaped support plate 6 can ensure the It is stably installed on the base plate and remains stable.

The pressure applying mechanism includes a vertical loading elastic member arranged on the inside of the frame 7, a screw 8 is arranged on the top of the loading elastic member, the leading screw 8 is connected with the lifting part, the loading elastic member is a loading spring 11, and the frame 7 is at the bottom of the loading elastic member The lower support frame 13 is set, and the two ends of the loading spring 11 are respectively connected with the lead screw and the lower support plate of the lower support frame 13 through detachable pressure plates. By changing the compression amount of the loading spring 11, the pressure is transmitted to the lower support frame 13, and the lifting parts Drive the lead screw 8 to move up and down, so as to provide pressure to the loading spring 11, thereby providing pressure to the rail sample, and the loading spring 11 can be replaced to adapt to different pressure ranges.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the lower support frame includes a lower support plate 20 with ears 19 on both sides, the lower support plate 20 is connected to a column 22, the column 22 is set through the bottom plate of the frame 7, and the column 22 passes through The end portion of frame 7 is provided with the sensor board 21 that is used to connect described force sensor, and column 22 is provided with four, all passes through frame bottom plate and is arranged, and the ear edge 19 on both sides of lower support plate 20 is connected with lateral linear guide rail slide block respectively. The vertical sliders of the pair 12 are connected, and the lateral linear guide rail slider pair 12 is arranged on both sides in the frame to ensure smooth operation, and the upper surface of the lower support plate 20 is connected with the bottom end of the loading elastic member.

The lifting part is a worm gear reducer 9 connected to the lead screw on the top of the frame. The worm gear reducer 9 is provided with a rotating hand wheel 10, which drives the worm to move up and down, thereby driving the lead screw 8 Up and down movement, the leading screw 8 is located on the inside of the frame 7.

Both sides of the inner wall of the frame 7 are provided with a lateral linear guide rail slider pair 12, and the slider in the lateral linear guide rail slider pair 12 is fixedly connected with the lower support frame 13, so that the pressure provided by the loading elastic member passes through the lower support frame 13 Transferred to the upper guide rail sample 17, the lateral linear guide rail slider pair 12 can play the role of lateral support while ensuring vertical self-sliding.

The force sensor is a two-way force sensor 14, and the force sensor is arranged on the bottom side of the lower support frame 13, and is connected downward with the horizontal guide rail 23 of the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair 15, and the two-way force sensor realizes the gap between the two guide rail samples. Measurement of friction and pressure.

A test method for a guide rail friction and wear testing machine, comprising the following contents:

When performing a low-speed stability test: before the test, rotate the handwheel 10 to reset the loading force, remove the locking bolts of the slider pair 15 of the horizontal linear guide rail, install the upper guide rail sample 17 in the upper fixture 16, and install the lower guide rail The sample 18 is placed in the lower fixture 3, the damper 5 with suitable parameters is selected, and the loading spring 11 with a suitable stiffness coefficient is selected; during the test, the rotating handwheel 10 is loaded to the set pressure, and the electric servo linear slide table 2 is controlled to perform at a certain speed. For the test, the test data is collected by the bidirectional force sensor 14; after the test is completed, the handwheel 10 is rotated to reset the loading force, and the upper rail sample 17 and the lower rail sample 18 are removed.

When carrying out ordinary friction and wear tests: before the test, rotate the hand wheel 10 to reset the loading force, lock the locking bolts of the slider pair 15 of the horizontal linear guide rail, install the upper guide rail sample 17 in the upper fixture 16, and install the lower guide rail The sample 18 is placed in the lower fixture 3, and the loading spring 11 with a suitable stiffness coefficient is selected; during the test, the rotating handwheel 10 is loaded to the set pressure, and the electric servo linear slide table 2 is controlled to perform the test at a certain speed, and the data is collected by the bidirectional force sensor 14. Test data; after the test is completed, rotate the handwheel 10 to reset the loading force, and remove the upper rail sample 17 and the lower rail sample 18.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes may be made to the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (9)

1. A guide rail friction and wear testing machine, characterized in that, comprising: Linear reciprocating mechanism; damper; Fixture, the fixture consists of two parts, the two-part fixture is used to clamp two guide rail samples, one of the clamps is connected with the linear reciprocating mechanism, and the other is connected with the damper, so as to realize the relative friction of the two guide rail samples; The pressure applying mechanism is arranged on the frame and provides pressure to one of the clamps; The horizontal locking part is detachably connected with the clamp connected with the damper, and the damper is connected with the horizontal locking part; The force sensor is arranged between the pressure exerting mechanism and the horizontal locking member. 2. A kind of guide rail friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the frame is arranged on the bottom plate, and the linear reciprocating mechanism is arranged on the surface of the bottom plate; The linear reciprocating motion mechanism is an electric servo linear slide table, and the lower clamp is arranged on the electric servo linear slide table. 3. A guide rail friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the frame comprises an L-shaped support plate and a frame arranged on one side of the L-shaped support plate, and the pressure-applying mechanism passes through the frame Supporting, the frame is arranged above the linear reciprocating mechanism. 4. A guide rail friction and wear testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, the pressure applying mechanism includes a vertical loading elastic member arranged on the inside of the frame, a lead screw is arranged on the top of the loading elastic member, and the lead screw is connected with the lifting Component connections. 5. A kind of guide rail friction and wear testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, the lifting component is a worm gear reducer connected to the lead screw at the top of the frame, and the worm gear reducer is set Turn the handwheel. 6. A kind of guide rail friction and wear testing machine according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described frame is provided with lower supporting frame movablely at the bottom of described loading elastic member, is provided with lateral linear guide rail slider pair on the inner wall of frame, The slider in the lateral linear guide rail slider pair is fixedly connected to the lower support frame, so that the force transmitted by the pressure applying mechanism is transmitted to the guide rail sample through the lower support frame; The lower support frame includes a lower support plate with ears on both sides, the lower support plate is connected to a column, the column passes through the bottom plate of the frame, and the end of the column passes through the frame to provide a sensor plate for connecting the force sensor. 7. A guide rail friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, wherein the force sensor is a bidirectional force sensor. 8. a kind of guide rail friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described clamp comprises upper clamp and lower clamp, and lower guide rail sample is arranged on lower clamp, and upper guide rail sample is arranged on upper clamp, and The damper is arranged on one side of the upper fixture, and the damper is arranged horizontally, and the end of the damper is connected with the horizontal locking member through an L-shaped bracket. 9. A guide rail friction and wear testing machine according to claim 8, wherein the horizontal locking member is a horizontal linear guide rail slider pair, and the slider of the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair is arranged on the upper fixture above, and the guide rail, slider and upper fixture of the horizontal linear guide rail slider pair are detachably connected by locking bolts.