CN115077290A - Apparatus and method for processing metal frost - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for processing metal frost Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115077290A
CN115077290A CN202210678230.8A CN202210678230A CN115077290A CN 115077290 A CN115077290 A CN 115077290A CN 202210678230 A CN202210678230 A CN 202210678230A CN 115077290 A CN115077290 A CN 115077290A
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heat transfer
frost
transfer sheet
top cover
temperature
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CN202210678230.8A
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CN115077290B (en
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陈志豪
宇高义郎
孟璐璐
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for processing metal frost, which is used for forming the metal frost on the surface of a heat transfer sheet and comprises a frosting structure, a cooling structure and an environment control structure, wherein the frosting structure comprises an iron column, a screw electrode, a nut electrode, a tungsten boat for containing frosted metal, a heat transfer sheet cover plate and an electrode lead; the cooling structure comprises a heat transfer block and a water cooling plate; the environment control structure comprises a top cover, a base, a heating belt, a heat preservation sleeve, an argon bottle, a vacuum pump and a temperature sensor. The heat transfer sheet is arranged on the heat transfer block; the top cover is hermetically connected with the base, and a closed space surrounded by the top cover and the base is called as a frost forming cavity; the heat transfer block is insulated from the base; the iron column is hermetically connected to the top cover; a tungsten boat is fixed in the frost forming cavity, and a screw electrode and a nut electrode are used for clamping and fixing the tungsten boat and an electrode lead; the heating band directly contacts with the top cover, and the heat preservation cover is used for wrapping the heating band and the top cover.

Description

Apparatus and method for processing metal frost
Technical Field
The invention relates to equipment for heat exchange by applying a boiling phenomenon, which is mainly used for forming a metal frost structure on a boiling heat exchange surface so as to improve the boiling heat exchange performance of the surface of the equipment.
Background
Nucleate boiling can transmit larger heat flux density under smaller wall superheat degree, and is often used for cooling industrial equipment, such as nuclear reactors, electronic components, heat exchangers and the like. Particularly, in recent years, the electronic information industry has been rapidly developed, and in order to meet the demand, the density of electronic components has been continuously increased, and a large number of data centers have been built, which means that the heat dissipation demand of electronic devices has been increased. The heat dissipation requirement cannot be met only by air cooling, and the method for exchanging heat by liquid phase change can be presumed to become one of the mainstream of the future data center cooling technology.
In the nuclear boiling, there is a Critical Heat Flux (CHF), and when the Heat Flux of a device using the boiling phenomenon exceeds this value, the boiling state is transited from the nuclear boiling to the film boiling, and the surface temperature of the device rapidly rises, and the device is likely to be burned. Therefore, to improve the heat transfer characteristics of the equipment, it is necessary to improve nucleate boiling CHF.
Forming a porous structure on the boiling surface is one of the effective methods for elevating CHF. The frost layer formed by the condensation of the mixture of water vapor and air on the cold surface is a porous structure which has the promotion effect on the boiling heat exchange of an object in the liquid nitrogen of the low-temperature fluid. However, in general industrial application fields, the temperature range of boiling heat exchange is 100 ℃ to 300 ℃, and thus the frost layer structure formed by water is not suitable. Therefore, the low-melting-point metal is utilized to form the metal frost which is not easy to melt on the heat exchange surface of the boiling equipment, and the method has important meaning and practical value for improving the heat exchange effect of the boiling equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device capable of directly forming a metal frost structure on a heat exchange surface without influencing the function of equipment. The technical scheme is as follows:
a device for processing metal frost is used for forming metal frost on the surface of a heat transfer sheet 9 and comprises a frosting structure, a cooling structure and an environment control structure, wherein the frosting structure comprises an iron column 1, a screw electrode 8, a nut electrode 13, a tungsten boat 12 for containing frosted metal, a heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 and an electrode lead 21; the cooling structure includes a heat transfer block 18 and a water cooling plate 20; the environment control structure comprises a top cover 3, a base 11, a heating belt 22, a heat preservation sleeve 23, an argon bottle 24, a vacuum pump 25 and a temperature sensor, wherein,
the heat transfer block 18 includes an upper portion of a smaller size and a lower portion of a larger size, and the heat transfer sheet 9 is placed on the heat transfer block 18;
the top cover 3 is hermetically connected with the base 11, a closed space surrounded by the top cover and the base is called as a frost forming cavity, a through hole for accommodating the upper part of the heat transfer block 18 is formed in the base 11, and the lower part of the heat transfer block 18 is positioned at the lower part of the base 11 and is connected with the water cooling plate 20; the heat transfer sheet 9 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper part of the heat transfer block 18, and an iron heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 is arranged on the heat transfer sheet 9; after the iron column 1 is magnetized, the heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 is removed from above the heat transfer sheet 9;
the heat transfer block 18 is insulated and connected with the base 11 through a heat insulation piece;
the iron column 1 is hermetically connected to the top cover 3;
a tungsten boat 12 is fixed in the frost forming cavity, and a screw electrode 8 and a nut electrode 13 are used for clamping and fixing the tungsten boat 12 and an electrode lead 21;
the heating belt 22 is directly contacted with the top cover 3, and the insulating sleeve 23 is used for wrapping the heating belt 22 and the top cover;
the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the frost forming cavity and the temperature of the heat transfer sheet.
An argon bottle 24 and a vacuum pump 25 are connected with the base 11 through pipelines and communicated with the frost forming cavity.
Further, the heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 includes a cover plate 101 for covering the heat transfer sheet 9 and a vertical plate 102.
Further, a heat conductive paste is coated between the water cooling plate 20 and the lower portion of the heat transfer block 18.
Further, a glass window is provided on the side surface of the top cover.
Further, the temperature sensors are thermocouples 19, and the number of the thermocouples 19 is four, and the four thermocouples are respectively used for monitoring the ambient temperature at two different positions in the frost forming cavity, the temperature of the tungsten boat 12 and the temperature of the heat transfer sheet 9.
Further, the environment control structure also comprises a pressure gauge 7, and the pressure gauge 7 is connected and fixed on the pipeline.
The invention also provides a method for processing metal frost by using the device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) exhausting oxygen in the frosting cavity by using a vacuum pump 25;
(2) opening an argon bottle 24 to fill argon into the frost forming cavity and maintaining an inert environment;
(3) presetting a first temperature threshold, heating by using a heating belt 22, and electrifying the tungsten boat 12 to evaporate the frosted metal when the temperature in the frosting cavity inside the frosting cavity reaches the first temperature threshold;
(4) cooling the heat transfer sheet 9;
(5) and presetting a second temperature threshold, and when the heat transfer sheet 9 is lowered to the second temperature threshold, removing the heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 by using the iron column 1, thereby realizing the frosting process of the frosted metal on the heat transfer sheet 9.
The metal frost can be formed on the heat exchange surface, namely the heat transfer sheet, and the heat transfer sheet with the metal frost is used as the heat exchange surface of the boiling equipment, so that the heat exchange performance of the equipment can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the overall structure of an apparatus for processing metallic frost according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a half-sectional view of an apparatus for processing metallic frost according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of an apparatus for processing metallic frost according to the present invention
The drawings are as follows
1. Iron column 2, iron column sealing ring 3, top cover 4, glass window cover plate 5, glass window sealing gasket 6, glass window 7, digital display pressure gauge 8, screw electrode 9, heat transfer sheet 10, heat transfer sheet cover plate 11, base 12, tungsten boat 13, nut electrode 14, base sealing ring 15, heat preservation thin plate 16, heat transfer block sealing ring 17, heat preservation thick plate 18, heat transfer block 19, thermocouple 20, water cooling plate 21, electrode lead 22, heating belt 23, heat preservation sleeve 24, argon bottle 25, vacuum pump
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.
Now, with reference to the above drawings, a practical use case of the apparatus for processing metal frost is provided.
The device (figure 1) is a device for processing metal frost, and is mainly used for equipment for transferring heat by using a boiling phenomenon. By utilizing the method and the device, the porous structure of the metal frost can be processed on the boiling heat transfer surface of the equipment, so that the critical heat flux density of nucleate boiling is improved, and the heat transfer effect of the equipment is obviously improved. The heat transfer fins 9 and the heat transfer fin cover plate 10 are shown in fig. 1 in a positional relationship after the magnets are placed. The heat transfer fins 9 and the heat transfer fin cover plate 10 are shown in fig. 2 in a positional relationship before the magnets are placed. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a part of the heat transfer fins 9 and the heat transfer fin cover plate 10, and shows the change in the positions of the heat transfer fins 9 and the heat transfer fin cover plate 10 before and after the magnets are placed in the heat transfer fins from fig. a to b.
As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus for processing metallic frost according to the present invention mainly includes a frosting structure, a cooling structure and an environment control structure. The frosting structure consists of an iron column 1, an iron column sealing ring 2, a screw electrode 8, a nut electrode 13, a tungsten boat 12, a heat transfer sheet 9, a heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 and an electrode lead 21; the cooling structure consists of a heat transfer block 18, a heat transfer block sealing ring 16, a heat preservation thin plate 15, a heat preservation thick plate 17 and a water cooling plate 20; the environment control structure comprises a top cover 3, a glass window cover plate 4, a glass window sealing gasket 5, a glass window 6, a digital display pressure gauge 7, a base 11, a base sealing ring 14, a thermocouple 19, a heating belt 22, a heat insulation sleeve 23, an argon bottle 24 and a vacuum pump 25.
The iron column 1 of the frosting structure of the device is fixed on the top cover 3 through 2 screws and the iron column sealing ring 2, and the sealing is ensured. The tungsten boat 12 and the electrode lead 21 are clamped and fixed by the screw electrode 8 and the nut electrode 13. The tungsten boat 12 contains frosted metal therein. The electrode lead 21 is fixed to the pipe of the base 11 by screw coupling and sealant. The tungsten boat 12 is energized by the electrode wire 21, and the tungsten boat 12 is heated to evaporate the frost metal. The heat transfer fins 9 are fixed to the heat transfer block 18 by four screws. The heat transfer plate cover plate 10 is made of iron, and the heat transfer plate cover plate 10 is divided into two structures, wherein the bottom of the heat transfer plate cover plate is provided with a square cover plate 101 with the same size as the heat transfer plate 9, and the side surface of the heat transfer plate cover plate is also provided with a vertical rectangular plate 102 which is erected. In the initial stage of the experiment, the heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 was directly placed on the upper surface of the heat transfer sheet 9 to completely cover the heat transfer sheet 9. When the heat transfer sheet 9 needs to be exposed in an experiment, a magnet is placed above the iron column 1, the iron column 1 has magnetism, and then the heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 is moved away from the heat transfer sheet 9 by using the magnetism of the iron column 1 (fig. 1 shows the position of the heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 after being moved away, fig. 2 shows the initial position of the heat transfer sheet cover plate 10, and fig. 3 shows the position change of the heat transfer sheet 9 and the heat transfer sheet cover plate 10 before and after the magnet is placed from fig. a to fig. b).
The cooling structure of the device of the invention utilizes 2 heat transfer block sealing rings 16 and 10 screws to be fixed on a base 11, the middle of a heat transfer block 18 and the base 11 is separated by a heat insulation sheet 15 and a heat insulation thick plate 17 which are used as heat insulation pieces, thereby avoiding direct contact, the heat transfer block 18 is in a shape of two cuboids piled together, and two heat insulation plates (the heat insulation sheet 15 and the heat insulation thick plate 17) are used as the heat insulation pieces to surround the heat transfer block 18 so as to separate the heat transfer block from the base 11. A layer of heat-conducting glue is smeared between the water cooling plate 20 and the heat transfer block 18, so that on one hand, the water cooling plate 20 is fixed on the heat transfer block 18, and meanwhile, the effect of enhancing heat transfer is also realized. The entire cooling structure is used to achieve cooling of the heat transfer fins 9.
The environmental control structure of the device of the present invention requires control of the temperature and pressure inside the device. The top cover 3 is provided with an observation window on each side and threaded holes, and the observation windows are fixed on the top cover 3 by 10 screws from outside to inside according to the sequence of the glass window cover plate 4, the glass window sealing gasket 5, the glass window 6 and the glass window sealing gasket 5. 2 heating bands 22 are tightly attached to the top cover 3, the heating of the interior of the device is achieved, and the outer side of each heating band 22 is wrapped by a layer of insulation sleeve 23 for avoiding heat dissipation of the heating bands 22 to the outer side in the heating process. The top cover 3 and the base 11 are connected by using a base sealing ring 14 and 10 bolts, so that sealing is realized. The monitoring of the internal temperature of the device is realized by 4 thermocouples 19, wherein the measured temperature comprises two ambient temperatures, the temperature of the tungsten boat 12 and the temperature of the heat transfer sheet 9, a temperature measuring hole is processed on the heat transfer sheet 9, and the thermocouples 19 are fixed on a pipeline of the base 11 through threaded connection and sealant.
The argon bottle 24 and the vacuum pump 25 are connected with the base 11 through a quick connector and a pipeline.
Before the actual start of the experiment, the inside of the apparatus was evacuated by the vacuum pump 25, and then the argon cylinder 24 was opened to fill the inside of the apparatus with argon gas. The inert environment in the device is maintained, and the oxidation of metal in the test process is prevented. The pressure inside the device is detected by a digital display pressure gauge 7 in the process, and the digital display pressure gauge 7 is fixed on the pipeline through threaded connection.
The number of the thermocouples 19 is 4, and the thermocouples are respectively used for monitoring the ambient temperature of two different positions in the frost forming cavity, the temperature of the tungsten boat 12 and the temperature of the heat transfer sheet 9. The two thermocouples 19 are directly placed in the air, and the ambient temperature can be measured. The temperature measuring end of a thermocouple 19 is inserted into the zinc particles of the tungsten boat 12, and the temperature measuring end of the thermocouple 19 is wrapped after the zinc particles are melted, so that the temperature of the tungsten boat can be accurately measured. A temperature measuring hole is formed in the heat transfer sheet 9, and the thermocouple 19 is inserted into the temperature measuring hole, so that the temperature of the heat transfer sheet 9 can be accurately measured.
When the whole apparatus starts to operate, the inside of the apparatus is filled with argon gas, and then the apparatus is heated by the heating belt 22. When the temperature reaches a certain degree, the tungsten boat 12 is electrified and evaporated into frost metal. And simultaneously, the heat transfer sheet 9 is cooled. When the heat transfer sheet 9 reaches the desired temperature, the iron column 1 is used to remove the heat transfer sheet cover plate 10. Thereby realizing the frosting process of the frosted metal on the heat transfer sheet 9. And all equipment can be closed after the frost is formed.

Claims (7)

1. A device for processing metal frost is used for forming metal frost on the surface of a heat transfer sheet (9), and comprises a frosting structure, a cooling structure and an environment control structure, wherein the frosting structure comprises an iron column (1), a screw electrode (8), a nut electrode (13), a tungsten boat (12) for containing frosting metal, a heat transfer sheet cover plate (10) and an electrode lead (21); the cooling structure comprises a heat transfer block (18) and a water cooling plate (20); the environment control structure comprises a top cover (3), a base (11), a heating belt (22), a heat preservation sleeve (23), an argon bottle (24), a vacuum pump (25) and a temperature sensor, wherein,
the heat transfer block (18) comprises an upper part with smaller size and a lower part with larger size, and the heat transfer sheet (9) is arranged on the heat transfer block (18);
the top cover (3) is hermetically connected with the base (11), a closed space surrounded by the top cover and the base is called as a frost forming cavity, a through hole used for accommodating the upper part of the heat transfer block (18) is formed in the base (11), and the lower part of the heat transfer block (18) extends to the lower part of the base (11) and is contacted with the water cooling plate (20); the heat transfer piece (9) is arranged on the upper surface of the upper part of the heat transfer block (18), and an iron heat transfer piece cover plate (10) is arranged on the heat transfer piece (9); after the iron column (1) is magnetized, the heat transfer sheet cover plate (10) is removed from the upper part of the heat transfer sheet (9);
the heat transfer block (18) and the base (11) are insulated by a heat insulation piece;
the iron column (1) is hermetically connected to the top cover (3);
the tungsten boat (12) is positioned in the frost forming cavity, and the screw electrode (8) and the nut electrode (13) are used for clamping and fixing the tungsten boat (12) and the electrode lead (21);
the heating belt (22) is in direct contact with the top cover (3), and the heat insulation sleeve (23) is used for wrapping the heating belt (22) and the top cover;
the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the frost forming cavity and the temperature of the heat transfer sheet;
an argon bottle (24) and a vacuum pump (25) are connected with the base (11) through pipelines and communicated with the frost forming cavity.
2. An apparatus for processing metallic frost according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer sheet cover plate (10) comprises a cover sheet (101) for covering the heat transfer sheet (9) and a vertical plate (102).
3. An apparatus for processing metal frost according to claim 1, wherein a heat conductive paste is applied between the water-cooling plate (20) and the lower portion of the heat transfer block (18).
4. The apparatus for processing metallic frost according to claim 1, wherein a glass window is provided on a side of the top cover.
5. Apparatus for processing metallic frost according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensors are thermocouples (19), and the number of thermocouples (19) is four, and the thermocouples are used to monitor the ambient temperature at two different locations in the frost forming chamber, the temperature of the tungsten boat (12), and the temperature of the heat transfer sheet (9).
6. The apparatus for processing metallic frost according to claim 1, wherein the environment control structure further comprises a pressure gauge (7), and the pressure gauge (7) is fixedly connected to the pipe.
7. A method of processing metal frost effected by the apparatus of any of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
exhausting oxygen in the frosting cavity by using a vacuum pump (25);
opening an argon bottle (24) to fill argon into the frost forming cavity and maintain an inert environment;
presetting a first temperature threshold, heating by using a heating belt (22), electrifying the tungsten boat (12) when the temperature in a frost forming cavity inside the frost forming cavity reaches the first temperature threshold, and evaporating frost forming metal;
cooling the heat transfer sheet (9);
and presetting a second temperature threshold, and when the heat transfer sheet (9) is lowered to the second temperature threshold, removing the heat transfer sheet cover plate (10) by using the iron column (1), thereby realizing the frosting process of the frosted metal on the heat transfer sheet (9).
CN202210678230.8A 2022-06-16 2022-06-16 Apparatus and method for processing metal frost Active CN115077290B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4357393A (en) * 1979-04-10 1982-11-02 Katuragi Sangyo Co., Ltd. Sintered porous metal plate and its production
US20100206527A1 (en) * 2009-02-18 2010-08-19 Hu Lin-Wen In-Situ Treatment of Metallic Surfaces
CN102683305A (en) * 2012-05-14 2012-09-19 西安交通大学 Chip reinforced boiling heat transfer structure of multi-pore microcolumn variable camber molded surfaces
CN103884217A (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-06-25 北京依米康科技发展有限公司 Heat dissipation device for low-melting-point metal through composite phase change
CN103903658A (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-07-02 清华大学 Sealing head with enhanced boiling heat exchange array hole surface with communicated net-shaped groove
CN108562067A (en) * 2018-04-17 2018-09-21 华南理工大学 Electric field-enhanced refrigerant boiling heat transfer micro-channel heat exchanger based on needle electrode
JP2021025667A (en) * 2019-07-31 2021-02-22 古河電気工業株式会社 Boiling heat transfer member, cooler comprising boiling heat transfer member, and cooling device comprising boiling heat transfer member

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4357393A (en) * 1979-04-10 1982-11-02 Katuragi Sangyo Co., Ltd. Sintered porous metal plate and its production
US20100206527A1 (en) * 2009-02-18 2010-08-19 Hu Lin-Wen In-Situ Treatment of Metallic Surfaces
CN102683305A (en) * 2012-05-14 2012-09-19 西安交通大学 Chip reinforced boiling heat transfer structure of multi-pore microcolumn variable camber molded surfaces
CN103903658A (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-07-02 清华大学 Sealing head with enhanced boiling heat exchange array hole surface with communicated net-shaped groove
CN103884217A (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-06-25 北京依米康科技发展有限公司 Heat dissipation device for low-melting-point metal through composite phase change
CN108562067A (en) * 2018-04-17 2018-09-21 华南理工大学 Electric field-enhanced refrigerant boiling heat transfer micro-channel heat exchanger based on needle electrode
JP2021025667A (en) * 2019-07-31 2021-02-22 古河電気工業株式会社 Boiling heat transfer member, cooler comprising boiling heat transfer member, and cooling device comprising boiling heat transfer member

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