CN115075194B - Gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue, gabion throwing vehicle and breach rescue method - Google Patents
Gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue, gabion throwing vehicle and breach rescue method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115075194B CN115075194B CN202210794843.8A CN202210794843A CN115075194B CN 115075194 B CN115075194 B CN 115075194B CN 202210794843 A CN202210794843 A CN 202210794843A CN 115075194 B CN115075194 B CN 115075194B
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 30
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- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gabion for a hydraulic engineering embankment rescue, which comprises a lead gabion body, wherein a plurality of stones are filled in the gabion body; the horizontal section of the body is circular and is used for rotationally throwing in water. The invention also discloses a gabion throwing vehicle and a corresponding breach rescue method, wherein the first step is a preparation step; secondly, hoisting the gabion; thirdly, accumulating force of a strong spring; fourthly, rotating and casting the gabion; and circularly carrying out the second to fourth steps, and continuously casting the gabion to the breach of the dam until the breach is plugged. According to the invention, the high-throwing gabion is comprehensively utilized, so that the falling speed of the gabion is higher, the gabion rotates to enter water, so that a part of water flow impact force is consumed on the rotating energy of the gabion and the stones in the gabion and the water viscosity is increased, and the gabion is not easy to wash away by water flow even facing to the water flow with a high flow rate at the breach, thereby improving the effectiveness and the rescue efficiency of the gabion, and meanwhile, the position of the gabion is flexible and changeable, so that the gabion has very strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a dam breach rescue technology.
Background
The river of China is numerous, the river levees and dams are common water conservancy facilities, and the application is wide. In the flood season, the dam bears the impact of river water, and a breach phenomenon occurs, so that an emergency technology appears; the first rescue is manual rescue, and materials such as stones, sand bags and the like are manually carried to fill up the crumple, so that the efficiency is low, and the occasion with larger water flow impact force is difficult to effectively cope. Along with the improvement of the mechanization level, the working procedures of digging, loading, transporting, filling and the like of materials (such as earth and stone, liu Jieliao and the like) required in engineering rescue can be completed by certain machines or certain matched machines. The comprehensive mechanical rescue is formed by a 'one-trip' rescue process completed by a plurality of mechanical cooperation. The emergency engineering vehicle is an indispensable part in mechanical emergency.
When a river reach with turbulent water flow, especially a breach is in emergency, stones thrown into the water are easily washed away by the water flow, so that people weave metal wires into cages to form gabions (woven by bamboo in ancient times), and a large number of stones are filled in the gabions; the gabion gathers a plurality of stones together, is difficult for being washed away by rivers. When water is flowing through the water, the gabion may also be washed away, which requires more gabions to be put in, both wastefully and inefficiently. In order to solve the problem, a rocket anchor net technology is developed, which requires that a rocket anchor is launched by a launching vehicle to a riverbed at a breach (to be put in a gabion), an anchor rope connected with the rocket anchor is inserted into the riverbed so as to be positioned, the upper end of the anchor rope (always left on the shore) is connected to the gabion launching vehicle, a lifting sliding hook matched with the anchor rope is preset on the gabion, and the gabion is lowered into a riverway at the breach along the anchor rope. The hoisting slide hook hooks the anchor cable, so that the gabion can be prevented from being washed away by water. The technology has the defects that rocket anchors are required to be launched on site, anchor ropes are connected with gabion throwing vehicles, and the vehicles cannot be started immediately; in addition, the gabion throwing position is limited and dead by the rocket anchors, and when the explosion port is in danger of expansion, the gabion can not be thrown into the river channels at two sides of the explosion port at any time to prevent the explosion port from expanding; when the crumple is wider, the gabion cannot be evenly put in the width direction of the crumple, but only the gabion can be put in the rocket anchor; to launch a gabion to the other side of the breach, the rocket anchor needs to be re-launched to the other side. In short, although the technology can solve the problem that the gabion is washed away by water flow, the technology is not flexible and convenient enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue, which can reduce the probability of being washed away by water flow without being matched with a rocket anchor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the gabion for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue comprises a lead wire gabion body, wherein a plurality of stones are contained in the gabion body; the horizontal section of the body is circular and is used for rotationally throwing in water.
The peripheral outer surface of the body is fixedly connected with a plurality of water-shifting sheets at intervals, one end of each water-shifting sheet is a connecting end, and the other end of each water-shifting sheet is a free end; the included angle alpha of the tangent line of the gabion at the connecting end of each water shifting piece is the same; alpha is 38+/-5 degrees, one side of the water deflector close to the body is the inner side of the water deflector, and the rotating direction of the gabion points to the tangential direction of the gabion forming an alpha angle.
The invention also provides a gabion throwing vehicle which is used for throwing the gabion for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to the rescue place of the river course, and comprises a frame, wherein the front part of the frame is provided with a cab assembly, and the frame is downwards provided with at least four wheels;
the frame is provided with an elastic projection mechanism, and the projection direction of the elastic projection mechanism for projecting the gabion and the included angle of the plumb line are 70+/-5 degrees.
The elastic projection mechanism comprises a supporting table, the supporting table is positioned at the rear part of the frame and is obliquely arranged backwards, a guide shaft perpendicular to the supporting table is arranged on the supporting table, a bearing platform is sleeved on the guide shaft, and the bearing platform is sleeved on the guide shaft through a center hole of the bearing platform;
a guide shaft between the bearing platform and the supporting platform is sleeved with a strong spring, the upper end of the strong spring is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the bearing platform, and the lower end of the strong spring is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the supporting platform;
the bearing platform is upwards connected with a casting plate through a plurality of connecting frames which are arranged at intervals, and the casting plate is used for supporting and casting the gabion; the projection plate is higher than the guide shaft when the strong spring is in the maximum compression state, and the lower end of the central hole of the bearing platform is lower than the top end of the guide shaft when the strong spring is in the longest extension state after compression, release and rebound; the projection plate and the bearing platform are parallel to the supporting platform;
the lower surface of the bearing platform is provided with an annular groove with a downward opening, the vertical section of the annular groove is T-shaped and comprises a large groove part positioned above the bearing platform and a small groove part positioned below the bearing platform, a step is formed at the joint of the large groove part and the small groove part, and a movable suspension mechanism is arranged at the annular groove;
the movable suspension mechanism comprises travelling wheels which are respectively arranged on steps at two sides of the top end of the small groove part, the two travelling wheels are respectively connected with the same rotating shaft through bearings, the rotating shaft is connected with a suspension device, the suspension device downwards extends out of the annular groove, the suspension device comprises a suspension rope connected with the rotating shaft, the suspension rope is downwards connected with a lifting hook, and the middle lower part of the lifting hook is connected with a unhooking rope;
the movable suspension mechanism is provided with two sets at the annular groove;
two through holes penetrating up and down are formed in the supporting table, a winch is arranged below the supporting table, two ends of a rotating shaft of the winch correspond to the positions of the two through holes, two ends of the rotating shaft of the winch are respectively connected with pull ropes, and hanging rings are respectively arranged at the top ends of the two pull ropes; the two pull ropes respectively pass through the corresponding through holes, and the two hanging rings are respectively hung on a lifting hook of the movable suspension mechanism.
The periphery of the throwing plate is provided with an annular baffle plate.
The guide shaft is a threaded shaft, and the bearing platform is in threaded fit with the guide shaft.
The invention also discloses a method for rescuing the breach, which is carried out by adopting the gabion throwing vehicle and comprises the following steps:
the first step is a preparation step;
the second step is to hoist the gabion;
the third step is that the strong spring holds the force;
the fourth step is to spin the gabion;
and circularly carrying out the second to fourth steps, and continuously throwing the gabion for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to the breach of the embankment until the breach is blocked.
The first step is specifically as follows: the working personnel transport the gabion for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to the embankment at the breach rescue by using the transport vehicle; the trolley and the gabion throwing vehicle run and stop on a dam at the emergency rescue place of the breach; enabling the tail of the gabion throwing vehicle to face to the dam breach;
the second step is specifically as follows: a worker uses a crane of a crane truck to hoist a gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to a casting plate, and the gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue is positioned in the annular baffle; two pull ropes are pulled upwards to respectively hang two hanging rings on a lifting hook of a movable suspension mechanism;
the third step is specifically as follows: the working personnel starts the winch, winds the stay cord onto the rotating shaft of the winch, applies downward force to the bearing platform through the hanging ring, the hanging hook, the hanging rope, the rotating shaft and the travelling wheels, compresses the powerful spring when the bearing platform moves downwards, and stores compressive stress; when the bearing platform moves downwards, the bearing platform rotates around the guide shaft under the action of the threaded fit; when the bearing platform rotates, under the pulling of the pull rope and the lifting rope, the travelling wheels walk along steps on two sides of the top end of the small groove part, and the lifting hook is kept at a position corresponding to the through hole on the supporting platform; when the powerful spring is compressed to the degree required by casting, the winch is closed;
the fourth step is that a worker pulls the unhooking ropes of the two movable suspension mechanisms manually, and the hook openings of the two hooks rotate downwards, so that the two suspension rings are separated from the corresponding hooks, and the bearing platform is released; under the elastic force of a powerful spring, the bearing platform drives the casting plate to integrally rotate upwards through the connecting frame, the powerful spring is recovered to a natural diastole state after being stretched to the longest position, the bearing platform and the casting plate are driven to be recovered downwards together, and at the moment, a gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue is separated from the casting plate to finish rotary casting; the gabion which is thrown out by rotation falls into river water at the ulcer under the action of gravity.
And after the third step is finished and before the fourth step is started, a high polymer thickener is put into the river water body at the upstream of the crumple.
The invention has the following advantages:
after the rotary stone cage is put into water, the rotating speed of the rotary stone cage can be reduced in interaction with water flow, so that a part of river water impact force is consumed in reducing the rotation energy of the stone cage and the stones in the stone cage, the rotation energy of the stone cage and the stones in the stone cage is reduced, the river water impact force is converted into the kinetic energy of the stone cage moving towards the downstream of river water, and the speed of the stone cage flowing along with the river water due to the river water impact is reduced.
The water pulling sheets are arranged, so that the rotation energy of the gabion and the stones in the gabion can be consumed in an accelerated manner after the gabion is filled with water, and the speed of the gabion flowing along with the river due to the impact of the river is reduced by utilizing the rotation energy. Specifically, one side of the water-shifting sheet, which is close to the body, is taken as the inner side of the water-shifting sheet; river water is blocked by the water-poking sheet and the gabion when impacting the inner surface of the water-poking sheet, and flows towards the river water downstream along the outer surface of the water-poking sheet when impacting the outer surface of the water-poking sheet; the impact force of the river water on the water-shifting sheet and the gabion when the river water impacts the inner surface of the water-shifting sheet is larger than the impact force of the river water on the water-shifting sheet and the gabion when the river water impacts the outer surface of the water-shifting sheet, so that the impact force difference is formed (the impact force of the river water on the water-shifting sheet on the right side of the gabion shown in fig. 1 is smaller than the impact force of the river water on the water-shifting sheet on the left side of the gabion); the impact force difference (the left and right of the impact force difference in the figure 1) generates torque to the gabion, the direction of the torque is opposite to the rotation direction of the gabion, the rotation speed of the gabion is reduced, and the rotation energy of the gabion is reduced, so that the impact force of river water is converted into the kinetic energy of the gabion moving towards the downstream of the river water.
When alpha is larger than 90 degrees, the other side of the included angle between the water deflector and the tangent line of the gabion is an acute angle in practice, so that only 90 degrees and the acute angle are considered for alpha.
If alpha is 90 degrees, the acting force of river water on the left side and the right side of the gabion is the same, the torque applied to the gabion by the river water is not increased, and the rotation energy of the gabion and the stones contained in the gabion cannot be released more rapidly.
When alpha is smaller than 90 degrees and is an acute angle, the smaller the alpha is, the smaller the effective stress surface of the radial extending gabion is, when alpha is zero, the water shifting sheet does not extend out of the gabion radially (in the tangential direction), so that the torque applied to the gabion by river water is not increased, and the reduction of the amount of kinetic energy converted from the impact force of the river water into the downstream movement of the gabion by reducing the rotation energy of the gabion is not facilitated.
The closer alpha is to 90 degrees, the more the river acting forces on the left side and the right side of the gabion are converged, and the smaller the torque applied by the river to the gabion is. Combining various considerations, alpha is determined to be 38+/-5 degrees, so that a relatively good effect of preventing the gabion from being washed away from the crumple by river water is achieved. The rotation of the gabion is utilized to enable the river water to generate torque for reversing the rotation direction of the gabion, so that the impact force of part of the river water on the gabion is consumed for reducing the rotation energy of the gabion and the built-in stones thereof.
The rotation direction of the gabion is directed in the tangential direction of the gabion forming an angle alpha, so that the water-pulling piece rotates in the reverse direction when the angle alpha is directed in the water flow direction (the left side of the gabion in fig. 1), and the water-pulling piece rotates in the forward direction when the angle alpha is directed away from the water flow direction (the right side of the gabion in fig. 1), thereby being beneficial to further increasing the torque applied by the river water to the whole gabion, and enabling the impact force of the river water to be relatively more consumed on reducing the rotation energy of the gabion and the stones in the gabion under the same water flow condition, and being beneficial to preventing the gabion from being washed away by the water flow.
When in use, the gabion throwing vehicle is stopped on the dykes and dams near the crumple. The casting angle of 70+/-5 degrees is achieved by casting the gabion upwards in an inclined mode, the gabion is cast into the ulcer, meanwhile, the gabion is endowed with high falling speed, the gabion carrying gravitational potential energy to enter water at high speed is impacted by water flow before the gabion contacts the bottom in a river channel, the flowing distance along with the river water is shorter, and therefore the gabion is not easy to be washed away by the water flow and leaves the ulcer. The rocket anchors do not need to be launched and the working vehicle is replaced, and the position of the working vehicle is not limited by the launched rocket anchors, so that the rocket anchor is more flexible and convenient.
When in use, the gabion throwing vehicle is stopped on the dykes and dams near the crumple. The casting angle of 70+/-5 degrees is achieved by casting the gabion upwards in an inclined mode, the gabion is cast into the ulcer, meanwhile, the gabion is endowed with high falling speed, the gabion carrying gravitational potential energy to enter water at high speed is impacted by water flow before the gabion contacts the bottom in a river channel, the flowing distance along with the river water is shorter, and therefore the gabion is not easy to be washed away by the water flow and leaves the ulcer. The rocket anchors do not need to be launched and the working vehicle is replaced, and the position of the working vehicle is not limited by the launched rocket anchors, so that the rocket anchor is more flexible and convenient.
The hydraulic engineering embankment rescue gabion is hoisted to the casting plate by using the hoisting vehicle, the bearing platform is pulled downwards by the winch and the strong spring is compressed, then the unhooking rope is pulled manually to separate the hoisting ring from the lifting hook, and at the moment, the strong spring rapidly stretches to release the compressive stress accumulated when the strong spring is compressed, so that the casting plate is inclined upwards to cast the gabion. The casting mode has simple structure and reliable operation.
The mobile suspension mechanism provides structural support for the rotary launch by allowing the mobile suspension mechanism not to rotate with the platform as the pull cord is pulled downward, compressing the strong spring.
The bearing platform is in threaded fit with the guide shaft, so that the bearing platform can rotate naturally while moving up and down along the guide shaft, the rotating casting of the gabion is realized, the gabion rotates into water, a part of river water impact force is consumed on the reduction of the rotation energy of the gabion and the inner stone of the gabion, and the gabion is not easy to be washed away from the breach part by water flow.
The viscosity of the water body can be obviously enhanced in a short time by putting the high-molecular thickener, the water flow speed is reduced, and the technical aim of preventing the gabion from being washed away from the crumple by water flow is fulfilled.
According to the invention, the technical scheme that (1) the high-throwing stone cage is comprehensively utilized to enable the stone cage to drop down into water faster, (2) the stone cage rotates into water, so that a part of water flow impact force is consumed on the rotating energy of the stone cage and the stone in the stone cage and (3) the viscosity of the water body is increased is comprehensively utilized, and even if the stone cage faces to the water flow with a high flow rate of the water flow at the breach, the stone cage is not easy to wash away by the water flow, so that the effectiveness and the rescue efficiency of the stone cage are improved, meanwhile, the stone cage throwing position is flexible and variable (only the position or angle of a stone cage throwing vehicle is required to be adjusted), and the stone cage throwing vehicle has very strong practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gabion rotating relative to river water;
the straight arrow in fig. 1 shows the flow direction of river water, and the arc arrow in fig. 1 shows the rotation direction when the gabion is put into water;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the gabion launch vehicle;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the elastic force projection mechanism of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a platform;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the bottom view of the platform.
Detailed Description
The gabion for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue in this embodiment is also simply referred to as "gabion".
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the gabion for rescuing from a hydraulic engineering embankment of the present invention comprises a main body 1 of a lead gabion, wherein a plurality of stones (not shown) are contained in the main body 1; the body 1 is generally circular in horizontal cross section and is intended for rotary dosing of water.
After the rotary stone cage is put into water, the rotating speed of the rotary stone cage can be reduced in interaction with water flow, so that a part of river water impact force is consumed in reducing the rotation energy of the stone cage and the stones in the stone cage, the rotation energy of the stone cage and the stones in the stone cage is reduced, the river water impact force is converted into the kinetic energy of the stone cage moving towards the downstream of river water, and the speed of the stone cage flowing along with the river water due to the river water impact is reduced.
A plurality of water-pulling sheets 2 are fixedly connected to the circumferential outer surface of the body 1 at uniform intervals, one end of each water-pulling sheet 2 is a connecting end, and the other end is a free end; the included angle alpha between each water-shifting sheet 2 and the tangent line of the gabion at the connecting end is the same; alpha is 38+/-5 degrees, the side of the water deflector 2 close to the body 1 is the inner side of the water deflector 2, and the rotating direction of the gabion points to the tangential direction of the gabion forming the alpha angle and is consistent with the opening direction of the alpha angle.
The water pulling sheets are arranged, so that the rotation energy of the gabion and the stones in the gabion can be consumed in an accelerated manner after the gabion is filled with water, and the speed of the gabion flowing along with the river due to the impact of the river is reduced by utilizing the rotation energy.
Specifically, the side of the water-repellent sheet 2 close to the body 1 is taken as the inner side of the water-repellent sheet 2; when river water impacts the inner surface of the water-shifting sheet 2 (the water-shifting sheet 2 on the left side of the gabion in fig. 1), the river water is blocked by the water-shifting sheet 2 and the gabion, and when river water impacts the outer surface of the water-shifting sheet 2 (the water-shifting sheet 2 on the right side of the gabion in fig. 1), the river water flows along the outer surface of the water-shifting sheet 2 to the downstream of the river water; the impact force of the river water on the water-shifting sheet 2 and the gabion when the river water impacts the inner surface of the water-shifting sheet 2 is larger than the impact force of the river water on the water-shifting sheet 2 and the gabion when the river water impacts the outer surface of the water-shifting sheet 2 so as to form an impact force difference (the impact force of the river water on the water-shifting sheet 2 on the right side of the gabion shown in fig. 1 is smaller than the impact force of the river water on the water-shifting sheet 2 on the left side of the gabion); the impact force difference (the left and right of the impact force difference in the figure 1) generates torque to the gabion, the direction of the torque is opposite to the rotation direction of the gabion, the rotation speed of the gabion is reduced, and the rotation energy of the gabion is reduced, so that the impact force of river water is converted into the kinetic energy of the gabion moving towards the downstream of the river water.
When alpha is larger than 90 degrees, the included angle between the water deflector 2 and the tangent line of the gabion is actually acute, so that only 90 degrees and acute angles are considered for alpha.
If alpha is 90 degrees, the acting force of river water on the left side and the right side of the gabion is the same, the torque applied to the gabion by the river water is not increased, and the rotation energy of the gabion and the stones contained in the gabion cannot be released more rapidly.
When alpha is smaller than 90 degrees and is an acute angle, the smaller the alpha is, the smaller the effective stress surface of the radial extending gabion is, when alpha is zero, the water deflector 2 does not extend out of the gabion radially (in the tangential direction), so that the torque applied to the gabion by river water is not increased, and the reduction of the rotational energy of the gabion is not facilitated, so that the conversion of the impact force of the river water into the kinetic energy of the movement of the gabion to the downstream of the river water is reduced.
The closer alpha is to 90 degrees, the more the river acting forces on the left side and the right side of the gabion are converged, and the smaller the torque applied by the river to the gabion is. Combining various considerations, alpha is determined to be 38+/-5 degrees, so that a relatively good effect of preventing the gabion from being washed away from the crumple by river water is achieved. The rotation of the gabion is utilized to enable the river water to generate torque for reversing the rotation direction of the gabion, so that the impact force of part of the river water on the gabion is consumed for reducing the rotation energy of the gabion and the built-in stones thereof.
The direction of rotation of the gabion 13 is directed in the tangential direction of the gabion constituting the angle α such that the angle α is a reverse rotation of the water deflector 2 when facing in the direction of water flow (left side of the gabion in fig. 1) and the angle α is a forward rotation of the water deflector 2 when facing away from the direction of water flow (right side of the gabion in fig. 1), thus helping to further increase the torque exerted by the river on the gabion as a whole, and to relatively more consume the impact force of the river on the reduction of the rotational energy of the gabion and the gabions therein under the same water flow conditions, helping to prevent the gabion from being washed away by the water flow.
The invention also provides a gabion throwing vehicle, which is used for throwing the gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to a rescue place (such as a breach) of a river course, and comprises a frame 3, wherein a cab assembly 4 is arranged at the front part of the frame 3, and at least four wheels 5 are arranged downwards on the frame 3;
the frame 3 is provided with an elastic projection mechanism, and the included angle between the projection direction of the gabion projected by the elastic projection mechanism (namely the extending direction of the guide shaft) and the horizontal plane is 70+/-5 degrees.
When in use, the gabion throwing vehicle is stopped on the dykes and dams near the crumple. The casting angle of 70+/-5 degrees is achieved by casting the gabion upwards in an inclined mode, the gabion is cast into the ulcer, meanwhile, the gabion is endowed with high falling speed, the gabion carrying gravitational potential energy to enter water at high speed is impacted by water flow before the gabion contacts the bottom in a river channel, the flowing distance along with the river water is shorter, and therefore the gabion is not easy to be washed away by the water flow and leaves the ulcer. The rocket anchors do not need to be launched and the working vehicle is replaced, and the position of the working vehicle is not limited by the launched rocket anchors, so that the rocket anchor is more flexible and convenient.
The elastic projection mechanism comprises a supporting table 6, the supporting table 6 is supported on the frame 3 through supporting legs 7, the supporting table 6 is positioned at the rear part of the frame 3 and is obliquely arranged backwards by taking the tail direction of the gabion throwing vehicle as the backward direction, a guide shaft 8 perpendicular to the supporting table 6 is arranged on the supporting table 6, a bearing platform 9 is sleeved on the guide shaft 8, and the bearing platform 9 is sleeved on the guide shaft 8 through a center hole of the bearing platform;
a strong spring 10 is sleeved on the guide shaft 8 between the bearing platform 9 and the supporting platform 6, the upper end of the strong spring 10 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the bearing platform 9, and the lower end of the strong spring 10 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the supporting platform 6;
the bearing platform 9 is upwards connected with a casting plate 12 through a plurality of connecting frames 11 which are uniformly arranged at intervals, and the casting plate 12 is used for supporting and casting a gabion 13; the projection plate 12 is higher than the guide shaft 8 when the strong spring 10 is in the maximum compression state, and the lower end of the central hole of the bearing platform 9 is lower than the top end of the guide shaft 8 when the strong spring 10 is in the longest extension state after compression, release and rebound (ensuring that the bearing platform 9 is not separated from the guide shaft 8); the cast plate 12 and the bearing platform 9 are parallel to the supporting platform 6;
as shown in fig. 4, the lower surface of the bearing platform 9 is provided with an annular groove with a downward opening, the vertical section of the annular groove is T-shaped and comprises a large groove part 14 positioned above and a small groove part 15 positioned below, a step is formed at the joint of the large groove part 14 and the small groove part 15, and a movable suspension mechanism is arranged at the annular groove;
the movable suspension mechanism comprises travelling wheels 16 respectively arranged on steps on two sides of the top end of the small groove part 15, the two travelling wheels 16 are respectively connected with the same rotating shaft 17 through bearings, the rotating shaft 17 is connected with a suspension device, the suspension device downwards extends out of the annular groove, the suspension device comprises a suspension rope 18 connected with the rotating shaft 17, the suspension rope 18 is downwards connected with a lifting hook 19, and the middle lower part of the lifting hook 19 is connected with a unhooking rope 20;
the movable suspension mechanism is provided with two sets at the annular groove;
two through holes 21 penetrating up and down are formed in the supporting table 6, a winch 22 is arranged below the supporting table 6, two ends of a rotating shaft of the winch 22 correspond to the positions of the two through holes 21, two ends of the rotating shaft of the winch 22 are respectively connected with pull ropes 23, and hanging rings 24 are respectively arranged at the top ends of the two pull ropes 23; the two pull ropes 23 respectively pass through the corresponding through holes 21, and the two hanging rings 24 are respectively hung on the hanging hook 19 of one movable hanging mechanism.
The gabion 13 for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue is hoisted on the casting plate 12 by using a hoisting vehicle, the bearing platform 9 is pulled downwards through the winch 22 and the strong spring 10 is compressed, then the unhooking rope 20 is pulled manually to separate the hanging ring 24 from the hanging hook 19, and at the moment, the strong spring 10 rapidly stretches to release the compressive stress accumulated when the strong spring is compressed, so that the casting plate 12 is inclined upwards to cast the gabion 13. The casting mode has simple structure and reliable operation.
The mobile suspension provides structural support for the rotary launch by allowing the mobile suspension to not rotate with the platform 9 as the pull rope 23 is pulled downward, compressing the strong spring 10.
The periphery of the projectile plate 12 is provided with an annular baffle 25. The annular baffle 25 is used to prevent the gabion 13 from falling off the cast plate 12 before being cast out.
The guide shaft 8 is a threaded shaft, and the bearing platform 9 is in threaded fit with the guide shaft 8. The bearing platform 9 is in threaded fit with the guide shaft 8, so that the bearing platform 9 can necessarily rotate while moving up and down along the guide shaft 8, thereby realizing the rotation of casting the gabion 13, enabling the gabion 13 to rotate into water, enabling a part of river impact force to be consumed on reducing the rotation energy of the gabion 13 and the stones therein, and enabling the gabion 13 to be less likely to be washed away from the breach part by water flow.
The invention also provides a method for rescuing the breach by using the gabion for rescuing the hydraulic engineering embankment and the gabion throwing vehicle, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is a preparation step;
the second step is to hoist the gabion 13;
the third step is the power storage of the strong spring 10;
the fourth step is to spin the gabion 13;
the second step to the fourth step are circularly carried out, other conventional plugging materials such as sand bags are also put into the crumple during the second step to the fourth step, and the concrete types of the plugging materials except the gabion are determined by emergency personnel; and continuously throwing the gabion 13 for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to the breach of the embankment until the breach is blocked.
The first step is specifically as follows: the staff uses the transport vehicle to transport the gabion 13 (the plugging material included) for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to the embankment at the breach rescue place; the trolley and the gabion 13 are put in the trolley to run and stop on the dykes and dams at the emergency rescue place of the breach; the tail of the gabion 13 is put in the vehicle towards the dam breach;
the second step is specifically as follows: a worker uses a crane of a crane truck to hoist the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue gabion 13 onto the casting plate 12, and the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue gabion 13 is positioned in the annular baffle 25; the two pull ropes 23 are pulled upwards to hang the two hanging rings 24 on the hanging hooks 19 of a movable hanging mechanism respectively;
the third step is specifically as follows: the working personnel starts the winch 22, winds the pull rope 23 on the rotating shaft of the winch 22, and applies downward force to the bearing platform 9 through the hanging ring 24, the hanging hook 19, the hanging rope 18, the rotating shaft 17 and the travelling wheels 16 by the pull rope 23, so that the powerful spring 10 is compressed when the bearing platform 9 moves downwards, and the elastic spring accumulates pressure accumulation stress; when the bearing platform 9 moves downwards, the bearing platform rotates around the guide shaft 8 under the action of screw thread fit; when the bearing platform 9 rotates, under the pulling of the pull rope 23 and the lifting rope 18, the travelling wheels 16 travel along steps on two sides of the top end of the small groove part 15, and the lifting hooks 19 are kept at positions corresponding to the through holes 21 on the supporting platform 6; when the strong spring 10 is compressed to the degree required for casting (the compression degree of the strong spring 10 is determined according to the casting distance, the compression degree is larger as the distance is far, and the specific determination is made according to the situation that the on-site gabion 13 is put in the car to stop position and the like), the winch 22 is closed;
the fourth step is to pull the unhooking ropes 20 of the two movable suspension mechanisms manually by a worker, and the hook openings of the two hooks 19 rotate downwards, so that the two hanging rings 24 are separated from the corresponding hooks 19, and the bearing platform 9 is released; under the elastic force of the powerful spring 10, the bearing platform 9 drives the casting plate 12 to integrally rotate upwards through the connecting frame 11, the powerful spring 10 is recovered to a natural diastole state after being stretched to the longest position, the bearing platform 9 and the casting plate 12 are driven to be recovered downwards together, and at the moment, the gabion 13 for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue is separated from the casting plate 12, and rotary casting is completed; the gabion 13 which is thrown out by rotation falls down into the river water at the ulcer under the action of gravity.
And after the third step is finished and before the fourth step is started, a high polymer thickener is put into the river water body at the upstream of the crumple.
The viscosity of the water body can be obviously enhanced in a short time by putting the high-molecular thickener, the water flow speed is reduced, and the technical aim of preventing the gabion 13 from being washed away from the crumple by water flow is fulfilled.
According to the invention, the technical scheme that (1) the high-throwing stone cage 13 enables the stone cage 13 to drop into water faster, (2) the stone cage 13 rotates into water so that a part of water flow impact force is consumed on the rotating energy of the stone cage 13 and stones in the stone cage and (3) the water viscosity is increased is comprehensively utilized, and even if the stone cage 13 faces to the high-flow-rate water flow at the breach, the stone cage 13 is not easy to wash away by water flow, so that the rescue effectiveness and rescue efficiency of the stone cage 13 are improved, meanwhile, the putting position of the stone cage 13 is flexible and changeable (only the position or angle of the putting vehicle of the stone cage 13 needs to be adjusted), and the method has very strong practicability.
The most typical polymeric thickeners are of three types: hydrophobically modified alkali-swellable acrylic copolymer emulsion (HASE), hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC) and hydrophobically modified ethoxylated polyurethane (HEUR). The polymer thickener forms complex intermolecular and intramolecular aggregation network structure easily through hydrogen bond and hydrophobic association in water solution, thereby greatly obstructing the movement of water molecules, and greatly increasing the apparent viscosity of the water-based liquid, which is a conventional technology and is not repeated in specific implementation.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be encompassed by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The method for rescuing from the breach comprises the steps of using a gabion throwing vehicle for throwing a gabion for rescuing from a hydraulic engineering embankment to a rescue position of a river channel, wherein the gabion throwing vehicle comprises a frame, a cab assembly is arranged at the front part of the frame, and at least four wheels are arranged downwards on the frame;
the gabion for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue comprises a lead gabion body, wherein a plurality of stones are filled in the gabion body;
the method is characterized in that: the horizontal section of the body is circular and is used for rotationally throwing in water;
the peripheral outer surface of the body is fixedly connected with a plurality of water-shifting sheets at intervals, one end of each water-shifting sheet is a connecting end, and the other end of each water-shifting sheet is a free end; the included angle alpha of the tangent line of the gabion at the connecting end of each water shifting piece is the same; alpha is 38+/-5 degrees, one side of the water deflector close to the body is the inner side of the water deflector, and the rotating direction of the gabion points to the tangential direction of the gabion forming an alpha angle;
the frame is provided with an elastic projection mechanism, and the projection direction of the gabion projected by the elastic projection mechanism forms an included angle of 70+/-5 degrees with the plumb line;
the elastic projection mechanism comprises a supporting table, the supporting table is positioned at the rear part of the frame and is obliquely arranged backwards, a guide shaft perpendicular to the supporting table is arranged on the supporting table, a bearing platform is sleeved on the guide shaft, and the bearing platform is sleeved on the guide shaft through a center hole of the bearing platform;
a guide shaft between the bearing platform and the supporting platform is sleeved with a strong spring, the upper end of the strong spring is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the bearing platform, and the lower end of the strong spring is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the supporting platform;
the bearing platform is upwards connected with a casting plate through a plurality of connecting frames which are arranged at intervals, and the casting plate is used for supporting and casting the gabion; the projection plate is higher than the guide shaft when the strong spring is in the maximum compression state, and the lower end of the central hole of the bearing platform is lower than the top end of the guide shaft when the strong spring is in the longest extension state after compression, release and rebound; the projection plate and the bearing platform are parallel to the supporting platform;
the lower surface of the bearing platform is provided with an annular groove with a downward opening, the vertical section of the annular groove is T-shaped and comprises a large groove part positioned above the bearing platform and a small groove part positioned below the bearing platform, a step is formed at the joint of the large groove part and the small groove part, and a movable suspension mechanism is arranged at the annular groove;
the movable suspension mechanism comprises travelling wheels which are respectively arranged on steps at two sides of the top end of the small groove part, the two travelling wheels are respectively connected with the same rotating shaft through bearings, the rotating shaft is connected with a suspension device, the suspension device downwards extends out of the annular groove, the suspension device comprises a suspension rope connected with the rotating shaft, the suspension rope is downwards connected with a lifting hook, and the middle lower part of the lifting hook is connected with a unhooking rope;
the movable suspension mechanism is provided with two sets at the annular groove;
two through holes penetrating up and down are formed in the supporting table, a winch is arranged below the supporting table, two ends of a rotating shaft of the winch correspond to the positions of the two through holes, two ends of the rotating shaft of the winch are respectively connected with pull ropes, and hanging rings are respectively arranged at the top ends of the two pull ropes; the two pull ropes respectively pass through the corresponding through holes, and the two hanging rings are respectively hung on a hanging hook of the movable hanging mechanism;
the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is a preparation step;
the second step is to hoist the gabion;
the third step is that the strong spring holds the force;
the fourth step is to spin the gabion;
circularly carrying out the second to fourth steps, and continuously casting the gabion for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to the breach of the embankment until the breach is blocked;
the first step is specifically as follows: the working personnel transport the gabion for the hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to the embankment at the breach rescue by using the transport vehicle; the trolley and the gabion throwing vehicle run and stop on a dam at the emergency rescue place of the breach; enabling the tail of the gabion throwing vehicle to face to the dam breach;
the second step is specifically as follows: a worker uses a crane of a crane truck to hoist a gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue to a casting plate, and the gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue is positioned in the annular baffle; two pull ropes are pulled upwards to respectively hang two hanging rings on a lifting hook of a movable suspension mechanism;
the third step is specifically as follows: the working personnel starts the winch, winds the stay cord onto the rotating shaft of the winch, applies downward force to the bearing platform through the hanging ring, the hanging hook, the hanging rope, the rotating shaft and the travelling wheels, compresses the powerful spring when the bearing platform moves downwards, and stores compressive stress; when the bearing platform moves downwards, the bearing platform rotates around the guide shaft under the action of the threaded fit; when the bearing platform rotates, under the pulling of the pull rope and the lifting rope, the travelling wheels walk along steps on two sides of the top end of the small groove part, and the lifting hook is kept at a position corresponding to the through hole on the supporting platform; when the powerful spring is compressed to the degree required by casting, the winch is closed;
the fourth step is that a worker pulls the unhooking ropes of the two movable suspension mechanisms manually, and the hook openings of the two hooks rotate downwards, so that the two suspension rings are separated from the corresponding hooks, and the bearing platform is released; under the elastic force of a powerful spring, the bearing platform drives the casting plate to integrally rotate upwards through the connecting frame, the powerful spring is recovered to a natural diastole state after being stretched to the longest position, the bearing platform and the casting plate are driven to be recovered downwards together, and at the moment, a gabion for hydraulic engineering embankment rescue is separated from the casting plate to finish rotary casting; the gabion which is thrown out by rotation falls into river water at the ulcer under the action of gravity.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the periphery of the throwing plate is provided with an annular baffle plate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the guide shaft is a threaded shaft, and the bearing platform is in threaded fit with the guide shaft.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: and after the third step is finished and before the fourth step is started, a high polymer thickener is put into the river water body at the upstream of the crumple.
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| CN115075194A (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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