CN114396087B - Dust fall anti-drop large-scale backhoe hydraulic excavator based on reaction force - Google Patents
Dust fall anti-drop large-scale backhoe hydraulic excavator based on reaction force Download PDFInfo
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- CN114396087B CN114396087B CN202210123101.2A CN202210123101A CN114396087B CN 114396087 B CN114396087 B CN 114396087B CN 202210123101 A CN202210123101 A CN 202210123101A CN 114396087 B CN114396087 B CN 114396087B
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- cover plate
- movable cover
- excavator
- telescopic
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 silt Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
- E02F3/32—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
- E02F3/401—Buckets or forks comprising, for example, shock absorbers, supports or load striking scrapers to prevent overload
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dust fall anti-drop large-scale backhoe hydraulic excavator based on a reaction force, which belongs to the technical field of excavator accessories and comprises an excavator main body, a water storage tank and a bucket; the excavator is characterized in that a water storage tank is arranged on one side of the excavator body, a bucket is hinged below an arm of the excavator body, a metal ball is arranged inside the bucket, a telescopic bucket tooth is connected above one side of the bucket, a scraper is arranged at the front end of the bucket, the scraper is tightly clung to the telescopic bucket tooth in a surrounding mode, a bucket movable cover plate is hung above the bucket, and a water spray head is arranged on the bucket movable cover plate. The invention is scientific and reasonable, safe and convenient to use, the movable cover plate of the bucket can avoid the falling of materials, reduce the labor force for cleaning falling objects in the later period, reduce the dust and facilitate the environmental protection; the rotation of the bucket movable cover plate does not need any energy source, so that the energy source is saved; the metal ball can prevent the movable cover plate of the bucket from blocking the bucket from digging; the water spray head can combine the wind speed and the dust content in the air to determine the spraying water mist quantity, thereby saving water resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of excavator accessories, in particular to a dust fall anti-drop large-scale backhoe hydraulic excavator based on a reaction force.
Background
The excavator is an engineering machine with multiple functions, and is an earthwork machine which uses a bucket to excavate materials, including soil, coal, silt and other objects, and is loaded into a transport vehicle or unloaded to a storage yard. The excavator structure mainly includes: power device, working device, slewing mechanism, operating mechanism, drive mechanism, running gear etc.. The excavator arm and the bucket are main components of the excavator, and the excavator arm descends and lifts, the bucket is utilized to excavate materials, and the excavator arm and the bucket are matched with each other, so that the excavating action of the excavator working device is completed. The conventional transmission system of the excavator working device is divided into a hydraulic excavator and a mechanical electric excavator, and the hydraulic excavator is an excavator for completing various operations by pushing the working device by a hydraulic pump. The existing excavator is divided into a front shovel excavator and a back shovel excavator according to the action mode of the shovel, the front shovel excavator has the characteristics of forward and upward cutting soil forcefully, and the back shovel excavator has the characteristics of backward and downward cutting soil forcefully.
The existing excavator is capable of lifting and moving to a transport vehicle or a storage yard after digging materials such as soil, sediment and stones, the materials in the bucket are piled too high to fall easily in the transferring process, and a large amount of dust can be generated in the falling process. If the accumulated height of the materials does not exceed the bucket, under the windy condition or the transportation process of the excavator is too fast, soil or sediment in the bucket is easily blown out of the bucket by the wind, so that the dust and particulate matters in the air are increased, and the environment protection is not facilitated. Therefore, a working device of a dust fall anti-drop large backhoe hydraulic excavator based on a reaction force is needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a working device of a dust fall anti-drop large backhoe hydraulic excavator based on a reaction force, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a dust fall anti-drop large backhoe hydraulic excavator based on a reaction force comprises an excavator main body, a water storage tank and a bucket; a water storage tank is arranged on one side of the excavator main body, and a water pump is arranged in the water storage tank; an excavator main body arm is arranged on one side, adjacent to the water storage tank, of the excavator main body, a first bucket rod is arranged above the excavator main body arm, and a second bucket rod is arranged below the first bucket rod; the excavator is characterized in that a bucket is hinged below the arm of the excavator main body, a telescopic bucket tooth is connected above one side of the bucket, a scraper is arranged at the front end of the bucket, one end of the scraper is tightly attached to the telescopic bucket tooth, and a bucket movable cover plate is hung above the bucket.
The excavator body is used to maneuver the excavator for movement and excavation. In order to allow water to be present on the excavator without a water source, a water storage tank is provided. The water pump is beneficial to the water in the water storage tank to be delivered to required components. The excavator arm can move up and down, which is beneficial to driving the bucket to move and excavating. The first bucket rod and the second bucket rod are beneficial to controlling actions of the bucket such as digging materials, loading the materials and the like. The bucket is favorable for excavating and transporting materials such as sediment, soil, broken stone and the like, and the telescopic bucket teeth are favorable for shoveling the materials into the bucket. The scraper is favorable for scraping the soil outside the telescopic bucket teeth. The bucket movable cover plate can prevent the bucket from falling off in the transportation process after the bucket digs the materials, thereby being beneficial to reducing dust and protecting the environment.
Preferably, the bucket is of a cavity structure; the bucket cavity on the same side of the telescopic bucket tooth is internally provided with a sliding rail, one side of the cavity is internally provided with a sliding rail, the upper part of the sliding rail is provided with a compression spring, one end of the compression spring is connected with the inner wall of the bucket, and the other end of the compression spring is connected with the telescopic bucket tooth; a hollow plate is arranged at one end of the sliding rail, and two ends of the hollow plate are connected with fixed plates; a plurality of metal balls are arranged in the cavity structure of the bucket.
The cavity structure is favorable for moving the telescopic bucket tooth into the cavity of the bucket after the telescopic bucket tooth contacts with the material pile. The sliding rail is favorable for moving the telescopic bucket teeth, reduces friction force, and can limit the moving direction of the telescopic bucket teeth. The compression spring is favorable for connecting the telescopic bucket tooth with the inner wall of the bucket, and when the telescopic bucket tooth is far away from a material pile, the front end of the telescopic bucket tooth is favorable for returning to the outside of the cavity, and the telescopic bucket tooth is restored to the original position. The fixed plate is advantageous in bearing a portion of the pressure to which the hollow plate is subjected.
Preferably, a telescopic bucket tooth base is connected below the telescopic bucket tooth, and the sliding rail limits the two sides of the telescopic bucket tooth base; and a base airbag is arranged between the telescopic bucket tooth base and the hollow plate. The telescopic bucket tooth base is beneficial to enabling the telescopic bucket tooth to be fixed in the inner wall of the bucket cavity in a sliding mode. When the telescopic bucket teeth are not stressed, the inside of the base air bag is in a full state, and the base air bag has self-recovery capability.
Preferably, the hollow plate is provided with small holes, and the small holes can be used for a plurality of metal balls to pass through. When the direction of the telescopic bucket teeth is downward, the metal balls roll towards the direction of the hollow plate under the action of gravity, and the small holes are beneficial to extruding the base air bags after the metal balls pass through the hollow plate.
Preferably, the movable cover plate of the bucket is fixed on one side of the arm of the main body of the excavator through a movable cover plate fixing block, and the movable cover plate of the bucket is hinged with the movable cover plate fixing block; the cover plate airbag positioning frame is arranged below the cover plate fixing block, a telescopic rod is fixed in the cover plate airbag positioning frame, a cover plate airbag is arranged on one side of the telescopic rod, and the cover plate airbag is connected with a contact part of the telescopic rod.
The movable cover plate fixing block is beneficial to fixing the bucket movable cover plate, so that the bucket movable cover plate can rotate up and down. The cover plate air bag placement frame is favorable for storing the cover plate air bag. The cover plate air bag is favorable for driving the movable cover plate of the bucket to rotate. When the base air bag is in a full state and the metal ball does not squeeze the base air bag, the cover plate air bag is in a contracted state, and the bucket movable cover plate is horizontally arranged on the cover plate air bag arranging frame; after the base air bag is extruded, the cover plate air bag is correspondingly filled, and the movable cover plate of the bucket is pushed to rotate anticlockwise. After the cover plate air bag is filled, the telescopic rod connected with the cover plate air bag is driven to extend, the height of the telescopic rod is kept consistent with the height of the cover plate air bag, and the height of the movable cover plate of the bucket is supported.
Preferably, the cover plate air bag is communicated with the base air bag through an air bag connecting pipe; one end of the air bag connecting pipe penetrates through the cover plate air bag installation frame, and the other end of the air bag connecting pipe penetrates through the hollow plate and the fixed plate in sequence; the air bag connecting pipe is favorable for connecting the cover plate air bag and the base air bag, and is favorable for mutual circulation of air in the air bag.
Preferably, the movable cover plate of the bucket comprises a plurality of water spray heads, a flow dividing plate, an electromagnetic valve, a anemometer and a particulate matter detector; the water spraying heads are positioned around the movable cover plate of the bucket, a plurality of universal seats are connected below the water spraying heads, a flow dividing plate is connected below the universal seats, one end of a water outlet pipe is connected to the inner side of the flow dividing plate, the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected with a water pump, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe; a detection port is arranged between the water spraying heads, and the anemometer and the particulate matter detector are connected with the detection port; the splitter plate, the electromagnetic valve, the anemometer, the particulate matter detector and the detection port are all arranged inside the movable cover plate of the bucket.
The water spray head is favorable for the bucket to spray after converting water into water mist, and the universal seat is favorable for adjusting the direction of the water spray head. The splitter plate is favorable for splitting the water in the water outlet pipe to each water spraying head. The water outlet pipe is favorable for guiding water in the water storage tank to the inside of the movable cover plate of the bucket through the water pump. The solenoid valve is opened or closed under control of the system while controlling the diameter of the opening. The detection port is favorable for wind and air to pass through, the anemometer is favorable for monitoring the wind speed, and the particulate matter detector is favorable for monitoring the dust and particulate matter content in the air.
Preferably, the electromagnetic valve, the anemometer, the particulate matter detector and the detection port are electrically connected. Under the control of the system, the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve are determined according to the wind speed and the dust amount in the air, and the opening diameter of the electromagnetic valve is determined according to the wind speed and the dust and particulate matters.
Preferably, the base airbag and the cover airbag are made of latex. The latex material has good elasticity and aging resistance, and can prolong the service life of the base air bag and the cover plate air bag.
Preferably, a plurality of the metal balls have magnetism and are attracted to each other. The magnetic metal balls can attract each other, so that the squeezing effect of the base air bag is enhanced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the bucket movable cover plate is fixed above the bucket, and the bucket movable cover plate is covered above the bucket in the process of transporting materials to a designated place after the materials such as silt, soil and the like are excavated by the excavator bucket, so that the situation that the materials fall due to excessive materials in the bucket is avoided, and the labor for cleaning falling objects in the later period is reduced. If the excavated materials are dry soil or sand, the excessive stroke can cause the materials to blow off in the transportation process, so that dust emission is caused, and the movable cover plate of the bucket can keep out the wind, thereby reducing the generation of the dust emission, and being beneficial to the environmental protection. The movable cover plate of the bucket is movable, in the bucket excavating process, the telescopic bucket teeth in front of the bucket are used for being in contact with a material pile, the material pile gives a pushing force to the telescopic bucket teeth, the telescopic bucket teeth shrink inwards to the cavity of the bucket so as to squeeze the base air bag, the cover plate air bag is filled, the movable cover plate of the bucket is pushed to rotate anticlockwise, and the upper part of the bucket is fully opened, so that bucket excavating is facilitated; when the bucket is excavated, the telescopic bucket teeth are far away from the material pile, the base air bag is restored to the original state, the cover plate air bag is contracted, the bucket movable cover plate is rotated to the original position in a following way, and the upper part of the bucket is sealed. The bucket movable cover plate does not need to use any energy source for rotation, is green and environment-friendly, and saves energy.
2. The cavity of the bucket is also provided with a metal ball. When the bucket just contacts with the material pile, the material pile does not push the telescopic bucket teeth, but because the bucket faces downwards, the metal ball does not completely squeeze the base air bag through the hollow plate by utilizing gravity, so that a part of the bucket movable cover plate is lifted, and the situation that the bucket movable cover plate excessively long blocks the bucket excavating material pile is avoided; according to the size and the weight of the movable cover plate of the bucket, the number of the metal balls can be flexibly selected, so that the metal balls extrude the base air bag to drive the movable cover plate of the bucket to rotate anticlockwise and lift; in addition, when the scraper bowl excavates the material heap in-process, get rid of the extrusion of flexible bucket tooth to the base gasbag, the metal ball also can extrude the base gasbag together for the scraper bowl removable cover lifts the back more stable.
3. The movable cover plate of the bucket is also provided with the water spraying head, and the quantity of sprayed water mist can be determined by combining the wind speed and the dust content in the air, so that water resources are saved. When the detected wind speed is higher, the sprayed water mist amount is higher; when the detected wind speed is weak, no spraying is performed; the larger the detected dust amount, the larger the sprayed water mist amount; when the detected dust amount is weak, the spraying can be reduced. And the anemometer and the particle detector are arranged inside the movable cover plate of the bucket, the measured wind speed and the measured dust quantity of the anemometer and the particle detector are the wind speed and the dust quantity of the excavator in the moving process, and the effect is better than that of the anemometer and the particle detector which are arranged at the appointed place. The speed of the excavator can also change, the wind speed around the excavator can also change, and the dust amount can also change correspondingly, so that the measured values are more accurate compared with the measured values of the anemometer and the particulate matter detector at the designated place.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a large anti-drop dust fall backhoe hydraulic excavator based on a reaction force;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a horizontal state structure of a movable cover plate of a bucket of the large-sized anti-drop back shovel hydraulic excavator based on reactive force;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a movable cover plate of a bucket of the large anti-drop back-hoe hydraulic excavator in an inclined state based on the reaction force;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the vertical state structure of a movable cover plate of a bucket of the large anti-drop dust fall back shovel hydraulic excavator based on the reaction force;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion A of the large anti-drop dust fall backhoe hydraulic excavator based on the reaction force;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B of the anti-drop dustfall large backhoe hydraulic excavator based on the reaction force of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bucket of the large anti-drop dust fall backhoe hydraulic excavator based on the reaction force;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a bucket movable cover plate of a large anti-drop dust fall backhoe hydraulic excavator based on a reaction force.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. an excavator main body; 2. a water storage tank; 3. a water pump; 4. a water outlet pipe; 5. an excavator arm; 6. a first arm; 7. a second arm; 8. a movable cover plate fixing block; 9. bucket movable cover plate; 9-1, a sprinkler head; 9-2, a universal seat; 9-3, a splitter plate; 9-4, electromagnetic valve; 9-5, anemometer; 9-6, a particulate matter monitor; 9-7, a detection port; 10. a bucket; 11. telescoping bucket teeth; 12. a scraper; 13. a compression spring; 14. a slide rail; 15. a telescopic bucket tooth base; 16. a base airbag; 17. a hollow plate; 18. a fixing plate; 19. an air bag connecting pipe; 20. a metal ball; 21. a cover plate airbag; 22. a cover plate air bag mounting frame; 23. a telescopic rod.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples: as shown in fig. 1 to 8, a dust fall anti-drop large backhoe hydraulic excavator based on a reaction force comprises an excavator main body 1, a water storage tank 2 and a bucket 10; the excavator main body 1 is used for controlling the excavator to move and excavate, one side of the excavator main body 1 is provided with a water storage tank 2, and a water pump 3 is arranged in the water storage tank 2 and used for conveying water in the water storage tank 2 to required components. An excavator arm 5 is arranged on one side of the excavator main body 1 adjacent to the water storage tank 2, a first bucket rod 6 is arranged above the excavator arm 5, and a second bucket rod 7 is arranged below the first bucket rod 6 and used for controlling actions such as digging materials by the bucket 10 and loading the materials; a bucket 10 is hinged below the excavator arm 5 and is used for excavating and transporting materials such as sediment, soil, broken stone and the like. A retractable tooth 11 is connected to one side of the bucket 10 above for scooping material into the bucket 10. The scraper 12 is arranged at the front end of the bucket 10, one end of the scraper 12 is tightly attached to the telescopic bucket tooth 11, and the scraper 12 is used for scraping away soil dust on the telescopic bucket tooth 11 and preventing the soil dust from entering the cavity of the bucket 10. The bucket movable cover plate 9 is hung above the bucket 10, so that the situation that the material falls off in the transportation process after the bucket 10 digs the material is avoided, the dust emission is reduced, and the environment is protected.
The bucket 10 has a cavity structure, and the telescopic bucket teeth 11 move into the cavity of the bucket 10 after the telescopic bucket teeth 11 are contacted with a material pile. The sliding rail 14 is arranged in the cavity of the bucket 10 at the same side of the telescopic bucket tooth 11 and used for moving the telescopic bucket tooth 11, so that friction force is reduced, and the moving direction of the telescopic bucket tooth 11 can be limited. The top of slide rail 14 is equipped with compression spring 13, and compression spring 13 one end is connected with the scraper bowl 10 inner wall, and compression spring 13 other end is connected with flexible bucket tooth 11 for link to each other flexible bucket tooth 11 and scraper bowl 10 inner wall, when flexible bucket tooth 11 kept away from the material heap for flexible bucket tooth 11 front end returns outside the cavity, resumes the normal position. One end of the slide rail 14 is provided with a hollow plate 17, and two ends of the hollow plate 17 are connected with a fixed plate 18 for bearing a part of the pressure born by the hollow plate 17. A plurality of metal balls 20 are arranged in the cavity structure of the bucket 10.
A telescopic bucket tooth base 15 is connected below the telescopic bucket tooth 11, and the sliding rail 14 limits the two sides of the telescopic bucket tooth base 15; a base airbag 16 is arranged between the telescopic bucket tooth base 15 and the hollow plate 17. The telescoping tooth mount 15 allows the telescoping tooth 11 to be slidably secured within the cavity inner wall of the bucket 10. When the bucket 10 is opened upwards, the telescopic bucket teeth 11 are far away from the material pile, the telescopic bucket teeth are not stressed, and the metal balls 20 are far away from the base airbag 16, the inside of the base airbag 16 is in a full state, and the base airbag 16 has self-recovery capability.
The hollow plate 17 is provided with small holes for the passage of a plurality of metal balls 20. When the telescopic bucket tooth 11 is downward, the metal ball 20 rolls towards the hollow plate 17 under the action of gravity, and the small holes enable the metal ball 20 to pass through the hollow plate 17 and then squeeze the base airbag 16.
The bucket movable cover plate 9 is fixed on one side of the excavator arm 5 through the movable cover plate fixing block 8 and is used for fixing the bucket movable cover plate 9, and the bucket movable cover plate 9 is hinged with the movable cover plate fixing block 8. A cover plate air bag placement frame 22 is arranged below the cover plate fixing block 8, a telescopic rod 23 is fixed in the cover plate air bag placement frame 22, a cover plate air bag 21 is arranged on one side of the telescopic rod 23, the cover plate air bag 21 is connected with a contact part of the telescopic rod 23, and after the cover plate air bag 21 is filled, the telescopic rod 23 connected with the cover plate air bag 21 is driven to stretch, and the movable cover plate 9 of the bucket is driven to rotate; the height of the telescopic rod 23 is kept consistent with the height of the cover plate air bag 21, so that the movable cover plate 9 of the bucket can be supported; when the base airbag 16 is in a full state and the metal ball 20 does not squeeze the base airbag 16, the cover airbag 21 is in a contracted state, and the bucket movable cover 9 is horizontally placed on the cover airbag placement frame 22; when the base airbag 16 is extruded by the metal ball 20 only, the cover plate airbag 21 fills a part of the base airbag to push the movable cover plate 9 of the bucket to rotate anticlockwise to lift a part of the base airbag, so that the movable cover plate 9 of the bucket is prevented from propping against a material pile in the excavating process of the bucket 10, and the excavating of the material is prevented from being influenced; when the base airbag 16 is fully squeezed by the retractable bucket tooth 11 and the metal ball 20, the base airbag 16 compresses and the cover airbag 21 fills, pushing the bucket flap 9 to rotate counterclockwise until fully lifted. The base airbag 16 has a self-restoring capability.
The cover plate air bag 21 is communicated with the base air bag 16 through an air bag connecting pipe 19; one end of the air bag connecting tube 19 penetrates through the cover plate air bag mounting frame 22, and the other end of the air bag connecting tube 19 penetrates through the hollow plate 17 and the fixing plate 18 in sequence. The air bag connecting pipe 19 is beneficial to the connection between the cover plate air bag 21 and the base air bag 16 and the mutual circulation of air in the air bags.
The bucket movable cover plate 9 comprises a plurality of water spraying heads 9-1, a flow dividing plate 9-3, an electromagnetic valve 9-4, a anemometer 9-5 and a particulate matter detector 9-6; a plurality of water spray heads 9-1 are positioned around the movable cover plate 9 of the bucket for the bucket 10 to convert water into mist for spraying. The universal seats 9-2 are connected below the water spraying heads 9-1 and used for adjusting the direction of the water spraying heads 9-1. A splitter plate 9-3 is connected below the universal seats 9-2 and is used for splitting the water in the water outlet pipe 4 to the water spraying heads 9-1. One end of a water outlet pipe 4 is connected to the inner side of the flow dividing plate 9-3, the other end of the water outlet pipe 4 is connected with the water pump 3, and the water outlet pipe 4 is beneficial to guiding water in the water storage tank 2 to the inside of the bucket movable cover plate 9 through the water pump 3. The water outlet pipe 4 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 9-4, the electromagnetic valve 9-4 is opened or closed under the control of the system, and the diameter of the electromagnetic valve 9-4 is controlled to be opened. A detection port 9-7 is provided between the sprinkler heads 9-1 for passing wind and air. The anemometer 9-5 and the particulate matter detector 9-6 are connected with the detection port 9-7, the anemometer 9-5 is used for monitoring the wind speed, and the particulate matter detector 9-6 is used for monitoring the dust and particulate matter content in the air. The splitter plate 9-3, the electromagnetic valve 9-4, the anemometer 9-5, the particulate matter detector 9-6 and the detection port 9-7 are all arranged inside the bucket movable cover plate 9.
The electromagnetic valve 9-4, the anemometer 9-5, the particulate matter detector 9-6 and the detection port 9-7 are electrically connected. Under the control of the system, the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve 9-4 are determined according to the wind speed and the dust amount in the air, and the opening diameter of the electromagnetic valve 9-4 is determined according to the wind speed and the dust and particulate matters.
The base airbag 16 and the cover airbag 21 are made of latex, and the base airbag 16 and the cover airbag 21 are made of latex. The latex material has good elasticity and aging resistance, and can prolong the service life of the base airbag 16 and the cover airbag 21.
The plurality of metal balls 20 are magnetic and attracted to each other. The magnetic metal balls 20 can attract each other to enhance the squeezing effect on the base airbag 16.
Working principle: when the excavator is used, the excavator main body 1 is started, and the excavator arm 5, the first bucket rod 6 and the second bucket rod 7 drive the bucket 10 to move towards the material pile for excavating. During the digging process, when the bucket 10 is inclined downwards and is not contacted with a material pile, the metal ball 20 slides towards the hollow plates 17 under the action of gravity and penetrates through small holes between the hollow plates 17 to partially squeeze the base airbag 16; the gas in the base airbag 16 penetrates into the cover airbag 21 along the airbag connecting pipe 19, and the cover airbag 21 is partially filled to push the bucket movable cover 9 to rotate anticlockwise so as to prevent the bucket movable cover 9 from obstructing the excavation of the bucket 10. Then, the bucket 10 starts to excavate, after the telescopic bucket teeth 11 receive the acting force of the material pile, the telescopic bucket teeth shrink inwards towards the cavity of the bucket 10 and squeeze the base air bag 16, and meanwhile, the metal balls 20 squeeze the base air bag 16, so that the cover plate air bag 21 is filled, the bucket movable cover plate 9 is pushed to rotate anticlockwise, the upper part of the bucket 10 is fully opened, and the excavating is facilitated. After the excavation is completed, the telescopic bucket teeth 11 are far away from the material pile, the base air bag 16 is restored, the cover plate air bag 21 is contracted, the bucket movable cover plate 9 is pushed to rotate clockwise, and the upper part of the bucket 10 is covered. The height of the telescopic rod 23 is always consistent with the height of the base airbag 16 in the process of filling or shrinking the base airbag 16, so that the bucket movable cover plate 9 is stably supported. When the material is transported during or after the excavation, the sprinkler head 9-1 on the movable cover plate 9 of the bucket can combine the wind speed and the dust content in the air to determine the quantity of the sprayed water mist; when the detected wind speed is higher, the sprayed water mist amount is higher; when the detected wind speed is weak, no spraying is performed; the larger the detected dust amount, the larger the sprayed water mist amount; when the detected dust amount is weak, the spraying can be reduced.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (2)
1. A large-scale back shovel hydraulic excavator of dust fall anti-drop based on reaction force, its characterized in that: comprises an excavator main body (1), a water storage tank (2) and a bucket (10); a water storage tank (2) is arranged on one side of the excavator main body (1), and a water pump (3) is arranged in the water storage tank (2); an excavator arm (5) is arranged on one side, adjacent to the water storage tank (2), of the excavator main body (1), a first bucket rod (6) is arranged above the excavator arm (5), and a second bucket rod (7) is arranged below the first bucket rod (6); a bucket (10) is hinged below the excavator arm (5), and a telescopic bucket tooth (11) is connected above one side of the bucket (10); the front end of the bucket (10) is provided with a scraper (12), one end of the scraper (12) is clung to the telescopic bucket teeth (11), and a bucket movable cover plate (9) is hung above the bucket (10);
the bucket (10) is of a cavity structure; a sliding rail (14) is arranged in a cavity of the bucket (10) at the same side of the telescopic bucket tooth (11), a compression spring (13) is arranged above the sliding rail (14), one end of the compression spring (13) is connected with the inner wall of the bucket (10), and the other end of the compression spring (13) is connected with the telescopic bucket tooth (11); one end of the sliding rail (14) is provided with a hollow plate (17), and two ends of the hollow plate (17) are connected with fixed plates (18); a plurality of metal balls (20) are arranged in the cavity structure of the bucket (10);
the bucket movable cover plate (9) comprises a plurality of water spraying heads (9-1), a plurality of flow dividing plates (9-3), electromagnetic valves (9-4), anemometers (9-5) and particulate matter detectors (9-6); the water spraying heads (9-1) are positioned around the bucket movable cover plate (9), the universal seats (9-2) are connected below the water spraying heads (9-1), the splitter plates (9-3) are connected below the universal seats (9-2), one end of the water outlet pipe (4) is connected to the inner side of each splitter plate (9-3), the other end of the water outlet pipe (4) is connected with the water pump (3), and the electromagnetic valves (9-4) are arranged on the water outlet pipes (4); a detection port (9-7) is arranged between the water spraying heads (9-1), and the anemometer (9-5) and the particulate matter detector (9-6) are connected with the detection port (9-7); the splitter plate (9-3), the electromagnetic valve (9-4), the anemometer (9-5), the particulate matter detector (9-6) and the detection port (9-7) are all arranged in the bucket movable cover plate (9);
a telescopic bucket tooth base (15) is connected below the telescopic bucket tooth (11); a base airbag (16) is arranged between the telescopic bucket tooth base (15) and the hollow plate (17); the hollow plate (17) is provided with small holes which can be used for a plurality of metal balls (20) to pass through; the bucket movable cover plate (9) is fixed on one side of the excavator arm (5) through the movable cover plate fixing block (8), and the bucket movable cover plate (9) is hinged with the movable cover plate fixing block (8); a cover plate air bag placement frame (22) is arranged below the cover plate fixing block (8), a telescopic rod (23) is fixed in the cover plate air bag placement frame (22), a cover plate air bag (21) is arranged on one side of the telescopic rod (23), and the contact part of the cover plate air bag (21) and the telescopic rod (23) is connected; the cover plate air bag (21) is communicated with the base air bag (16) through an air bag connecting pipe (19).
2. The reaction force-based dust fall and drop prevention large backhoe hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic valve (9-4), the anemometer (9-5), the particulate matter detector (9-6) and the detection port (9-7) are connected through wires.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210123101.2A CN114396087B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Dust fall anti-drop large-scale backhoe hydraulic excavator based on reaction force |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010582932.7A CN111677026B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Large-scale back shovel hydraulic shovel that dust fall anti-drop based on reaction force |
| CN202210123101.2A CN114396087B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Dust fall anti-drop large-scale backhoe hydraulic excavator based on reaction force |
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| CN202010582932.7A Division CN111677026B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Large-scale back shovel hydraulic shovel that dust fall anti-drop based on reaction force |
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| CN202210123101.2A Active CN114396087B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Dust fall anti-drop large-scale backhoe hydraulic excavator based on reaction force |
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| CN112720513A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-30 | 山东得知科技发展有限公司 | Accurate medicinal material grabbing device and medicine grabbing method |
| CN112828548B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-08-09 | 东莞市海洛实业有限公司 | Lifting device for assembling press plate of punch press |
| CN114000556B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-01-17 | 徐州玉伟机械设备有限公司 | Soil loosening, ditching and embedding device for field pipeline of prefabricated current deformation building engineering |
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| CN108798019B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2021-02-26 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | Sandstone material dust cover and installation method and use method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205421368U (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-03 | 邵阳学院 | Excavator of area water spray function |
| JP2018071101A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-10 | 株式会社フジタ | Electrified water particle spraying device |
| CN207277398U (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-04-27 | 浙江省建筑科学设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of anti-airborne dust excavator |
| CN207749561U (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-08-21 | 武汉长建创维环境科技有限公司 | A kind of novel bucket configuration |
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| CN114396087A (en) | 2022-04-26 |
| CN111677026A (en) | 2020-09-18 |
| CN111677026B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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