CN115053929A - Formula milk powder suitable for people with fatty liver and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Formula milk powder suitable for people with fatty liver and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115053929A
CN115053929A CN202210562695.7A CN202210562695A CN115053929A CN 115053929 A CN115053929 A CN 115053929A CN 202210562695 A CN202210562695 A CN 202210562695A CN 115053929 A CN115053929 A CN 115053929A
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parts
powder
formula
milk powder
vitamin
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CN115053929B (en
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陈芳
邓泽元
龚志清
李静
李国勇
蒲婷
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Jiangxi New Born Dairy Nutrition Co ltd
Nanchang University
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Jiangxi New Born Dairy Nutrition Co ltd
Nanchang University
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/16—Agglomerating or granulating milk powder; Making instant milk powder; Products obtained thereby
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/1522—Inorganic additives, e.g. minerals, trace elements; Chlorination or fluoridation of milk; Organic salts or complexes of metals other than natrium or kalium; Calcium enrichment of milk
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/1526—Amino acids; Peptides; Protein hydrolysates; Nucleic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/1528—Fatty acids; Mono- or diglycerides; Petroleum jelly; Paraffine; Phospholipids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/156—Flavoured milk preparations ; Addition of fruits, vegetables, sugars, sugar alcohols or sweeteners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/158—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives containing vitamins or antibiotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
    • A23V2400/113—Acidophilus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
    • A23V2400/123—Bulgaricus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
    • A23V2400/125—Casei
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/21—Streptococcus, lactococcus
    • A23V2400/249—Thermophilus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
    • A23V2400/533—Longum

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of food processing, and particularly relates to formula milk powder suitable for fatty liver crowds and prepared by a moderate enzymolysis technology and application thereof. The formula milk powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 38-43 parts of skim milk powder, 8-13 parts of casein, 0.5-2 parts of corn oligopeptide powder, 25-30 parts of vegetable fat powder, 1-2 parts of L-arabinose, 1-2 parts of xylitol, 1-2 parts of isomaltulose, 4-10 parts of maltodextrin, 1-2 parts of resistant dextrin, 1-3 parts of cotton seed oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of chicory inulin, 0.5-1.0 part of mixed probiotics, 3-5 parts of functional raw material mixed powder, and a vitamin composition and a mineral composition. The formula milk powder has balanced nutrition ratio, and is added with seven medicinal and edible or new resource raw materials with beneficial effects on fatty liver, and solves the technical problem that the national requirements on the dissolubility and sensory color of the formula milk powder cannot be met by directly adding the seven functional raw material powders into the milk powder in the actual production.

Description

Formula milk powder suitable for people with fatty liver and preparation method thereof
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to formula milk powder suitable for fatty liver crowds and prepared by a moderate enzymolysis technology and a preparation method thereof.
Background art:
the liver is the largest metabolic organ of the body and has the function of immunoregulation. Normal human liver tissue contains a small amount of fat, such as triglycerides, phospholipids, glycolipids and cholesterol, and its weight is about 3% -5% of the weight of the liver, and if too much fat accumulates in the liver, it is more than 5% of the weight of the liver or more than 50% of the liver cells are histologically fatty, it is called fatty liver. Fatty liver disease is one of the common diffuse liver diseases, mainly the pathological state of excessive fat accumulation in liver cells caused by the oxidation reduction due to the increase of fat intake by liver cells, and is generally classified into Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (AFLD) and Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a clinical pathological syndrome characterized by fat storage and steatosis in liver parenchymal cells without a history of excessive alcohol consumption.
Many experimental evidences indicate that fatty liver patients should consume a diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids, low calorie, low trans-fatty acids, low cholesterol, and low fructose for their particular disease state. Therefore, malnutrition is common in fatty liver patients due to dietary restrictions. The common formula milk powder aims at healthy people, and the formula milk powder suitable for the fatty liver people needs to be developed to improve the nutritional status of fatty liver patients. The application part provides the formula milk powder which is balanced in nutrition proportion, plant fat powder is used for providing essential fatty acid for a human body, n6 and n3 series polyunsaturated fatty acid are scientifically matched, saturated fatty acid is lower than 1/3 of the total intake of fat, seven raw materials which are homologous in medicine and food or new resources and have beneficial effects on fatty liver are added, and the raw materials are kudzu root, poria cocos, reed rhizome, ginseng, dandelion, hovenia dulcis thumb and cordyceps sinensis sporocarp respectively. And solves the technical problem that the national requirements on the dissolubility and the sensory color of the formula milk powder can not be met by directly adding the seven kinds of functional raw material powder into the milk powder in the actual production.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the problem of incomplete nutrition of common milk powder, comprehensively considers the addition of various nutrients, and adjusts the energy supply ratio of the three high-capacity nutrients, so that the formula milk powder meets the nutritional requirements of fatty liver patients on low fat, low sugar and high protein.
The second purpose of the invention is to solve the problems of solubility and sensory color of 7 raw material powders mentioned in the background art, the seven raw material powders are treated by using a method of moderate enzymolysis of complex enzyme, then the defatted milk powder is added for spray drying, and the powder obtained by spray drying is added into the formula milk powder.
In order to achieve the purpose, the main technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides one of the technical schemes, which is a formula milk powder suitable for people with fatty liver, wherein the formula milk powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 38-43 parts of skim milk powder, 8-13 parts of casein, 0.5-2 parts of corn oligopeptide powder, 25-30 parts of vegetable fat powder, 1-2 parts of L-arabinose, 1-2 parts of xylitol, 1-2 parts of isomaltulose, 4-10 parts of maltodextrin, 1-2 parts of resistant dextrin, 1-3 parts of cotton seed oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of chicory inulin, 0.5-1.0 part of mixed probiotics and 3-5 parts of functional raw material mixed powder;
further, the fat content in the vegetable fat powder reaches 46% -54%;
further, in the vegetable fat powder, by weight, the ratio of n6 polyunsaturated fatty acids: n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ═ 1-2: 1;
further, in the vegetable fat powder, by weight, the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids: monounsaturated fatty acids: saturated fatty acids ═ 3-5: 5-7: 4-6;
further, the mixed probiotics are selected from one or more of streptococcus thermophilus, bifidobacterium longum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus bulgaricus;
furthermore, vitamins and minerals are added into the formula milk powder;
furthermore, the specific sources and addition amounts of the vitamins and minerals are all in accordance with GB 14880-2012;
furthermore, the formula contains at least one of the following vitamin components per 100 g: vitamin A300- 1 1.2-1.8mg, vitamin B 2 1.2-1.8mg, vitamin B 6 1.3-2.0mg, vitamin B 12 2.2-3.3 μ g, 21-31 μ g nicotinic acid, 280 μ g folic acid, 420 μ g pantothenic acid, 4.0-5.4mg vitamin C60-90 mg;
furthermore, every 100g of the formula milk powder contains at least one of the following mineral components: 420 mu g of copper 300-;
further, the functional raw material mixed powder is prepared by mixing seven functional raw materials, performing moderate enzymolysis, and performing spray drying; the dosage ratio of the seven functional raw materials is as follows: kudzu root: tuckahoe, poria cocos: reed rhizome: ginseng: dandelion: and (3) hovenia dulcis thunb: 3-6 parts of cordyceps sinensis fruit body: 3-6: 2-4: 2-4: 0.5-2: 0.5-2: 0.5-2.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the formula milk powder suitable for the people with fatty liver, the invention has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency, rapidness and lower cost, and can effectively improve the solubility of the mixed powder of 7 functional raw materials (such as kudzu root, tuckahoe, reed rhizome, ginseng, dandelion, hovenia dulcis thunb and cordyceps sinensis sporocarp), thereby ensuring the efficacy of the seven functional raw materials and meeting the requirement of the solubility. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) functional raw material mixed powder raw materials: taking radix Puerariae, Poria, rhizoma Phragmitis, Ginseng radix, herba Taraxaci, semen Hoveniae, and Cordyceps fruiting body as raw materials;
(2) crushing and sieving: drying the raw materials in the step (1), respectively crushing by using a traditional Chinese medicine crusher, and sieving the obtained powder with a 120-mesh sieve;
(3) weighing: weighing 3-6 parts of kudzuvine root, 3-6 parts of tuckahoe, 2-4 parts of reed rhizome, 2-4 parts of ginseng, 0.5-2 parts of dandelion, 0.5-2 parts of hovenia dulcis thunb and 0.5-2 parts of cordyceps fruiting body;
(4) mixing: uniformly mixing the raw materials weighed in the step (3) with distilled water (the ratio of the mass of the raw materials to the mass of the distilled water is 1: 10-15);
(5) moderate enzymolysis: placing the mixed solution obtained in the step (4) in a water bath constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 87 ℃, wherein the oscillation speed is 200rpm, the time is 40min (gelatinization), then reducing the temperature to 55 ℃, adding amylase, pectinase, cellulase and beta-glucanase into the mixed solution, wherein the enzyme adding amount (enzyme mass/raw material mass) is 1%, 5% and 5%, respectively, starting oscillation, the oscillation speed is 200rpm, and the time is 80-100 min;
(6) enzyme deactivation: putting the mixed solution obtained in the step (5) into boiling water at the temperature of 100 ℃ to inactivate enzyme for 5 min;
(7) treating the mixed solution with moderate enzymolysis: enabling the mixed solution obtained in the step (6) to pass through 8 layers of gauze, and collecting filtrate;
(8) colloid milling: adding 40-70% of skim milk powder (the mass of the skim milk powder is 40-70% (the sum of the mass of the seven raw materials in the step (3) and the mass of the skim milk powder) into the filtrate obtained in the step (7), uniformly stirring, adjusting the material-liquid ratio again, wherein the final material-liquid ratio (the mass of the skim milk powder and the sum of the seven raw materials: the mass of distilled water) is 1:10, and treating for 5min at room temperature by using a colloid mill;
(9) homogenizing: homogenizing the mixed solution obtained in step (8) with a homogenizer under high pressure of 30-40Mpa for 10min at room temperature;
(10) spray drying: and (4) carrying out spray drying on the homogenized mixed solution obtained in the step (9) to obtain the functional raw material mixed powder containing seven kinds of food with homology of medicine and food or new resource food. The spray drying conditions were: the air inlet temperature is 180 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotating speed of the atomizer is 50 revolutions per second.
(11) Mixing: and mixing the functional raw material mixed powder obtained by spray drying in the last step with other raw materials in the formula according to the proportion in the technical scheme I to prepare the formula milk powder suitable for the fatty liver people.
Has the advantages that:
(1) fatty liver refers to the pathological change of excessive fat accumulation in liver cells caused by various reasons, generally speaking, fatty liver is a reversible disease, and can be recovered to normal when being diagnosed and treated in time at early stage. The patent formula milk powder is designed for fatty liver crowds, and has the following advantages except that the formula milk powder meets the nutrient proportioning requirement of the fatty liver crowds and is added with medicinal and edible or new resource raw materials with beneficial effects on the fatty liver: 1. the functional ratio of the three high-yield nutrients is improved, and the low-sugar low-fat high-protein nutrient has low sugar content; 2. a low sustained release carbohydrate system; 3. is rich in low-energy substances, dietary fiber, and helps to maintain normal intestinal function; 4. the plant fat powder provides essential fatty acid for human body, the proportion of n6 and n3 series polyunsaturated fatty acid is scientific, and the saturated fatty acid is lower than 1/3 of the total intake of fat; 5. the content of certain vitamins and minerals is adjusted, such as the content of B vitamins and vitamin C which participate in energy metabolism is increased, and the content of zinc which participates in insulin synthesis and functions is increased.
(2) The invention uses the skim milk powder as the wall material of spray drying, improves the dissolubility of the mixed powder of the kudzuvine root, the tuckahoe, the reed rhizome, the ginseng, the dandelion, the hovenia dulcis thunb and the cordyceps sinensis sporocarp, and improves the sensory color of the mixture; the defatted milk powder is used as a wall material for spray drying, and can form a uniform 'protective film' to protect bioactive components which are easily damaged by gastric acid and the like.
(3) Seven medicinal and edible or new resource raw materials which have beneficial effects on the fatty liver are respectively kudzu root, tuckahoe, reed rhizome, ginseng, dandelion, hovenia dulcis thunb and cordyceps sinensis sporocarp. The seven medicinal and edible or new resource raw materials are added into the formula of the milk powder after being subjected to moderate enzymolysis, the regulation effect of the formula milk powder on the liver function can be greatly improved, and the effect of the common addition of the seven raw materials is superior to the effect of the individual addition of the raw materials.
(4) Selection of enzymes in the invention: according to the nutrient components of the seven raw materials, amylase, beta-glucanase, cellulase and pectinase are selected to carry out moderate enzymolysis on the seven mixed raw materials. The enzymolysis time is set at 80-100 min. If the enzymolysis time is too short, the enzymolysis degree is too low, the solubility can not meet the requirement, and various micromolecular active substances such as flavonoid compounds, saponin compounds and the like can not be fully released; if the enzymolysis time is too long, the active polypeptide and various active polysaccharides such as pachyman, rhizoma Phragmitis polysaccharide, Cordyceps polysaccharide, etc. will be completely degraded. Therefore, moderate enzymolysis can ensure that a large amount of macromolecular active substances and micromolecular active substances exist in the enzymolysis liquid at the same time, thereby playing a more effective protection role on the fatty liver.
(5) The method for treating the enzymolysis liquid by spray drying is selected as follows: methods for drying liquid samples are numerous, such as: vacuum drying, air-blast drying, and freeze drying. The spray drying in this patent is selected firstly because the drying speed of spray drying is fast, and because the surface area/volume ratio of the droplet group is large, the time required for drying the material is short (in seconds); secondly, the temperature during spray drying is not high (the air outlet temperature of the spray drying is 80 ℃), so that the biological active substances in the appropriate enzymolysis liquid can be greatly preserved, and the liver protection effect of the spray-dried powder is ensured; the addition of the spray drying auxiliary agent can wrap bioactive substances (polypeptide, phenolic substances and the like) which are easily damaged by acid and alkali in the gastrointestinal part in the enzymolysis liquid, thereby achieving the effect of slowly releasing the bioactive ingredients in the gastrointestinal part and protecting the beneficial ingredients of the fatty liver.
(6) The skim milk powder is selected as a drying aid (namely, wall material) for spray drying. The enzymolysis liquid of the seven functional raw materials added in the invention has darker color (is brown), the added milk-white skim milk powder can comprehensively lighten the color of the enzymolysis liquid, and the dried powder obtained after spray drying can meet the requirements of the formula milk powder on sensory color when added into the formula; meanwhile, the formula in the patent is a milk-based formula, the skim milk powder is added as a main raw material for providing protein, and the skim milk powder is selected as a wall material for spray drying, so that compared with the wall materials such as maltodextrin, inulin, trehalose and acacia, the preparation method can help to maintain the proportion of milk-based components in the formula.
(7) In the preparation stage of the spray drying liquid, a drying auxiliary agent (the defatted milk powder is used in the invention) is required to be added into the raw material enzymolysis liquid according to a certain proportion, so that the solubility of enzymolysis components of seven medicinal and edible materials is greatly improved by using the defatted milk powder as the drying auxiliary agent for spray drying while the color of the enzymolysis liquid is lightened, and the improvement of the solubility enables active components to be absorbed by human bodies more easily, thereby improving the liver protection effect of the formula milk powder.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 flow chart of animal Experimental protocol 1;
FIG. 2 animal protocol flow chart 2;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the formula milk powder preparation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present patent and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The probiotics used in the present invention: streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus are selected from commercially available strains.
The specific addition of vitamins and minerals in the present invention and examples is performed according to the compound sources specified in GB 14880-.
The process of the molding method provided by the present invention is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the preparation process is shown in fig. 3, and the present invention will be further explained with reference to specific examples.
Example 1A formula and preparation thereof
(1) The functional raw materials are dried, crushed and sieved by a 120-mesh sieve, and then 5 parts of kudzuvine root, 5 parts of tuckahoe, 4 parts of reed rhizome, 3 parts of ginseng, 1.5 parts of dandelion, 1 part of hovenia dulcis thunb and 0.5 part of cordyceps sporocarp are accurately weighed. Adding distilled water, and mixing uniformly (the ratio of the mass of the raw material to the mass of the distilled water is 1: 15).
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a water bath constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 87 ℃ and the oscillation speed of 200rpm for 40min (gelatinization), then reducing the temperature to 55 ℃, adding amylase, pectinase, cellulase and beta-glucanase into the mixed solution, wherein the enzyme addition amount (enzyme mass/raw material mass) is 1%, 5% and 5%, respectively, starting oscillation, the oscillation speed of 200rpm and the time of 90 min; placing the mixed solution in 100 deg.C boiling water, and inactivating enzyme for 5 min. The mixed solution after enzyme deactivation passes through 8 layers of gauze, and filtrate is collected.
(3) Treating the filtrate with colloid mill at room temperature for 5min, and homogenizing the filtrate with homogenizer under high pressure of 40MPa for 10 min.
(4) And after homogenizing, carrying out spray drying under the following conditions: the temperature of an air inlet is 180 ℃; the temperature of an air outlet is 80 ℃; the rotational speed of the atomizer is 50 r/s, and the functional raw material mixed powder is obtained.
(5) And mixing 2 parts of the functional raw material mixed powder prepared in the step with other raw materials to obtain the formula milk powder suitable for the fatty liver crowd. The method comprises the following specific steps:
42 parts of skim milk powder; 10 parts of casein; 1 part of corn oligopeptide powder; 27 parts of vegetable fat powder; 1 part of L-arabinose; 1 part of xylitol; 1 part of isomaltulose; 6 parts of maltodextrin; 1 part of resistant dextrin; 2 parts of cotton seed oligosaccharide; 4 parts of chicory inulin; 0.5 part of mixed probiotics; and 2 parts of functional raw material mixed powder.
The fat content in the vegetable fat powder is 50%, and the structure of the contained fatty acid is as follows: n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ═ 1.05: 1; ② polyunsaturated fatty acids: monounsaturated fatty acids: saturated fatty acids ═ 4: 6: 5.
the weight ratio of each component in the mixed probiotics is as follows: bifidobacterium longum is 1: 1;
the formula milk powder also comprises a vitamin composition, wherein each 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains 350 mug of vitamin A (calculated as retinol) and vitaminVitamin D6.77 μ g, vitamin E14.97mg alpha-TE (calculated as alpha-tocopherol), vitamin B 1 1.4mg, vitamin B 2 1.26mg of vitamin B 6 2mg of vitamin B 12 2.32 mu g, 30 mu g of nicotinic acid, 288 mu g of folic acid, 5.24mg of pantothenic acid and 85.8mg of vitamin C;
the formula milk powder also comprises mineral compositions, and every 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains 330 mug of copper, 57mg of magnesium, 7.84mg of ferrum, 3.6mg of zinc, 40 mug of manganese, 301.3mg of calcium and 20 mug of selenium.
Example 2A formula milk powder and its preparation
(1) The functional raw materials are dried, crushed and sieved by a 120-mesh sieve, and then 5 parts of kudzuvine root, 5 parts of tuckahoe, 4 parts of reed rhizome, 3 parts of ginseng, 1.5 parts of dandelion, 1 part of hovenia dulcis thunb and 0.5 part of cordyceps sporocarp are accurately weighed. Adding distilled water, and mixing uniformly (the ratio of the mass of the raw material to the mass of the distilled water is 1: 15).
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a water bath constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 87 ℃ and the oscillation speed of 200rpm for 40min (gelatinization), then reducing the temperature to 55 ℃, adding amylase, pectinase, cellulase and beta-glucanase into the mixed solution, wherein the enzyme addition amount (enzyme mass/raw material mass) is respectively 1%, 5% and 5%, starting oscillation, and the oscillation speed of 200rpm for 90 min; placing the mixed solution in 100 deg.C boiling water, and inactivating enzyme for 5 min. The mixed solution after enzyme deactivation is filtered by 8 layers of gauze, and the filtrate is collected.
(3) Weighing 50% of skimmed milk powder (the sum of the mass of the seven raw materials and the mass of skimmed milk powder), and mixing with the above filtrate at a final ratio of 1: 10.
(4) And (4) treating the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) by using a colloid mill at room temperature for 5min, and then homogenizing the mixed solution at high pressure by using a homogenizer, wherein the homogenizing pressure is 40Mpa, and the homogenizing time is 10 min.
(5) And after homogenizing, carrying out spray drying under the following conditions: the temperature of an air inlet is 180 ℃; the temperature of an air outlet is 80 ℃; the rotational speed of the atomizer is 50 r/s, and the functional raw material mixed powder is obtained.
4 parts of the functional raw material mixed powder prepared in the embodiment is mixed with other raw materials to obtain formula milk powder suitable for being eaten by the people with fatty liver, and the formula milk powder specifically comprises the following components: 40 parts of skim milk powder; 10 parts of casein; 1 part of corn oligopeptide powder; 27 parts of vegetable fat powder; 1 part of L-arabinose; 1 part of xylitol; 1 part of isomaltulose; 6 parts of maltodextrin; 1 part of resistant dextrin; 2 parts of cotton seed oligosaccharide; 4 parts of chicory inulin; 0.5 part of mixed probiotics; 4 parts of functional raw material mixed powder.
The fat content in the vegetable fat powder is 50%, and the structure of the contained fatty acid is as follows: n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid 1.05: 1; ② polyunsaturated fatty acids: monounsaturated fatty acids: saturated fatty acids ═ 4: 6: 5.
the weight ratio of each component in the mixed probiotics is as follows: bifidobacterium longum 1: 1;
the formula milk powder also comprises a vitamin composition, wherein each 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains 350 mug of vitamin A RE (calculated by retinol), 6.77 mug of vitamin D, 14.97mg of vitamin E-TE (calculated by alpha-tocopherol) and vitamin B 1 1.4mg, vitamin B 2 1.26mg of vitamin B 6 2mg of vitamin B 12 2.32 mu g, 30 mu g of nicotinic acid, 288 mu g of folic acid, 5.24mg of pantothenic acid and 85.8mg of vitamin C;
the formula milk powder also comprises mineral compositions, and every 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains 330 mug of copper, 57mg of magnesium, 7.84mg of ferrum, 3.6mg of zinc, 40 mug of manganese, 301.3mg of calcium and 20 mug of selenium.
Example 3A formula milk powder and its preparation
(1) The functional raw materials are dried, crushed and sieved by a 120-mesh sieve, and then 5 parts of kudzuvine root, 5 parts of tuckahoe, 4 parts of reed rhizome, 3 parts of ginseng, 1.5 parts of dandelion, 1 part of hovenia dulcis thunb and 0.5 part of cordyceps sporocarp are accurately weighed. Adding distilled water, and mixing uniformly (the ratio of the mass of the raw material to the mass of the distilled water is 1: 15).
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a water bath constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 87 ℃ and the oscillation speed of 200rpm for 40min (gelatinization), then reducing the temperature to 55 ℃, adding amylase, pectinase, cellulase and beta-glucanase into the mixed solution, wherein the enzyme addition amount (enzyme mass/raw material mass) is 1%, 5% and 5%, respectively, starting oscillation, the oscillation speed of 200rpm and the time of 30 min; placing the mixed solution in 100 deg.C boiling water, and inactivating enzyme for 5 min. The mixed solution after enzyme deactivation passes through 8 layers of gauze, and filtrate is collected.
(3) Weighing 50% of skimmed milk powder (the sum of the mass of the seven raw materials and the mass of skimmed milk powder), and mixing with the above filtrate at a final ratio of 1: 10.
(4) And (3) treating the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) for 5min at room temperature by using a colloid mill, and then carrying out high-pressure homogenization on the mixed solution by using a homogenizer, wherein the homogenization pressure is 40Mpa, and the homogenization time is 10 min.
(5) And after homogenizing, carrying out spray drying under the following conditions: the temperature of an air inlet is 180 ℃; the temperature of an air outlet is 80 ℃; the rotational speed of the atomizer is 50 r/s, and the functional raw material mixed powder is obtained.
(6) 4 parts of the functional raw material mixed powder prepared in the embodiment is mixed with other nutrient raw materials to obtain a formula milk powder suitable for being eaten by the people with fatty liver, and the proportion and the composition of the other raw materials are the same as those in the embodiment 2.
Example 4A formula and preparation thereof
(1) The functional raw materials are dried, crushed and sieved by a 120-mesh sieve, and then 5 parts of kudzuvine root, 5 parts of tuckahoe, 4 parts of reed rhizome, 3 parts of ginseng, 1.5 parts of dandelion, 1 part of hovenia dulcis thunb and 0.5 part of cordyceps sporocarp are accurately weighed. Adding distilled water, and mixing uniformly (the ratio of the mass of the raw material to the mass of the distilled water is 1: 15).
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a water bath constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 87 ℃ and the oscillation speed of 200rpm for 40min (gelatinization), then reducing the temperature to 55 ℃, adding amylase, pectinase, cellulase and beta-glucanase into the mixed solution, wherein the enzyme addition amount (enzyme mass/raw material mass) is 1%, 5% and 5%, respectively, starting oscillation, the oscillation speed of 200rpm and the time of 150 min; placing the mixed solution in 100 deg.C boiling water, and inactivating enzyme for 5 min. The mixed solution after enzyme deactivation is filtered by 8 layers of gauze, and the filtrate is collected.
(3) Weighing 50% of skimmed milk powder (the sum of the mass of the seven raw materials and the mass of skimmed milk powder), and mixing with the above filtrate at a final ratio of 1: 10.
(4) And (3) treating the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) for 5min at room temperature by using a colloid mill, and homogenizing the mixed solution at high pressure of 40MPa for 10min by using a homogenizer.
(5) And after homogenizing, carrying out spray drying under the following conditions: the temperature of an air inlet is 180 ℃; the temperature of an air outlet is 80 ℃; the rotational speed of the atomizer is 50 r/s, and the functional raw material mixed powder is obtained.
(6) 4 parts of the functional raw material mixed powder prepared in the embodiment is mixed with other nutrient raw materials to obtain a formula milk powder suitable for being eaten by the people with fatty liver, and the proportion and the composition of the other raw materials are the same as those in the embodiment 2.
Example 5A formula milk powder and its preparation
The formula milk powder is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
42 parts of skim milk powder; 10 parts of casein; 1 part of corn oligopeptide powder; 27 parts of vegetable fat powder; 1 part of L-arabinose; 1 part of xylitol; 1 part of isomaltulose; 6 parts of maltodextrin; 1 part of resistant dextrin; 2 parts of cotton seed oligosaccharide; 4 parts of chicory inulin; 0.5 part of mixed probiotics.
The fat content in the vegetable fat powder is 50%, and the structure of the contained fatty acid is as follows: n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ═ 1.05: 1; ② polyunsaturated fatty acids: monounsaturated fatty acids: saturated fatty acids ═ 4: 6: 5.
the weight ratio of each component in the mixed probiotics is as follows: bifidobacterium longum 1: 1;
the formula milk powder also comprises vitamin composition, and each 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains vitaminVitamin D6.77 μ g, vitamin E14.97mg alpha-TE (calculated as alpha-tocopherol), vitamin B are added into RE (calculated as retinol) 350 μ g 1 1.4mg, vitamin B 2 1.26mg of vitamin B 6 2mg of vitamin B 12 2.32 mu g, 30 mu g of nicotinic acid, 288 mu g of folic acid, 5.24mg of pantothenic acid and 85.8mg of vitamin C;
the formula milk powder also comprises mineral compositions, and every 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains 330 mug of copper, 57mg of magnesium, 7.84mg of ferrum, 3.6mg of zinc, 40 mug of manganese, 301.3mg of calcium and 20 mug of selenium.
Example 6A formula milk powder and its preparation
(1) The functional raw materials are dried, crushed and sieved by a 120-mesh sieve, and then 6 parts of kudzuvine root, 4 parts of tuckahoe, 3 parts of reed rhizome, 4 parts of ginseng, 1 part of dandelion, 1.5 parts of hovenia dulcis thunb and 0.5 part of cordyceps sinensis sporocarp are accurately weighed. Adding distilled water, and mixing uniformly (the ratio of the mass of the raw material to the mass of the distilled water is 1: 15).
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a water bath constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 87 ℃ and the oscillation speed of 200rpm for 40min (gelatinization), then reducing the temperature to 55 ℃, adding amylase, pectinase, cellulase and beta-glucanase into the mixed solution, wherein the enzyme addition amount (enzyme mass/raw material mass) is respectively 1%, 5% and 5%, starting oscillation, and the oscillation speed of 200rpm for 80 min; placing the mixed solution in 100 deg.C boiling water, and inactivating enzyme for 5 min. The mixed solution after enzyme deactivation is filtered by 8 layers of gauze, and the filtrate is collected.
(3) Weighing 40% of skimmed milk powder (40% of the mass of the skimmed milk powder (the sum of the mass of the seven raw materials and the mass of the skimmed milk powder)), and mixing with the filtrate uniformly, wherein the ratio of the final materials to the liquid (the sum of the mass of the skimmed milk powder and the mass of the seven raw materials: the mass of distilled water) is 1: 10.
(4) And (3) treating the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) for 5min at room temperature by using a colloid mill, and then carrying out high-pressure homogenization on the mixed solution by using a homogenizer, wherein the homogenization pressure is 40Mpa, and the homogenization time is 10 min.
(5) And after homogenizing, carrying out spray drying under the following conditions: the temperature of an air inlet is 180 ℃; the temperature of an air outlet is 80 ℃; the rotational speed of the atomizer is 50 r/s, and the functional raw material mixed powder is obtained.
(6) The formula milk powder suitable for being eaten by the people with fatty liver is obtained by mixing 3 parts of the functional raw material mixed powder prepared in the embodiment with other nutrient raw materials, and specifically comprises the following steps:
40 parts of skim milk powder; 11 parts of casein; 1 part of corn oligopeptide powder; 27 parts of vegetable fat powder; 2 parts of L-arabinose; 2 parts of xylitol; 1 part of isomaltulose; 4 parts of maltodextrin; 1 part of resistant dextrin; 2 parts of cotton seed oligosaccharide; 3.75 parts of chicory inulin; 0.75 part of mixed probiotics; 3 parts of functional raw material mixed powder.
The fat content in the vegetable fat powder is 50%, and the structure of the contained fatty acid is as follows: n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ═ 1.2: 1; ② polyunsaturated fatty acid: monounsaturated fatty acids: saturated fatty acids ═ 4: 6: 5.
the weight ratio of each component in the mixed probiotics is as follows: bifidobacterium longum: lactobacillus bulgaricus 1:1: 1;
the formula milk powder also comprises a vitamin composition, wherein each 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder comprises 360 mug of vitamin A (calculated as retinol), 6.97 mug of vitamin D, 15.27mg of alpha-TE (calculated as alpha-tocopherol) and vitamin B 1 1.3mg, vitamin B 2 1.23mg, vitamin B 6 1.8mg, vitamin B 12 2.39 mug, 28 mug nicotinic acid, 292 mug folic acid, 5.28mg pantothenic acid and 84.8mg vitamin C;
the formula milk powder also contains mineral composition, and each 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains 300 mug of copper, 52 mg of magnesium, 7.94mg of iron, 3.5mg of zinc, 45 mug of manganese, 303.3mg of calcium and 19 mug of selenium.
Example 7A formula and preparation thereof
(1) The functional raw materials are dried, crushed and sieved by a 120-mesh sieve, and 6 parts of kudzuvine root, 3 parts of tuckahoe, 4 parts of reed rhizome, 4 parts of ginseng, 0.5 part of dandelion, 1.5 parts of hovenia dulcis thunb and 1 part of cordyceps sporocarp are accurately weighed. Adding distilled water, and mixing uniformly (the ratio of the mass of the raw material to the mass of the distilled water is 1: 15).
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a water bath constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 87 ℃ and the oscillation speed of 200rpm for 40min (gelatinization), then reducing the temperature to 55 ℃, adding amylase, pectinase, cellulase and beta-glucanase into the mixed solution, wherein the enzyme addition amount (enzyme mass/raw material mass) is respectively 1%, 5% and 5%, starting oscillation, and the oscillation speed of 200rpm for 100 min; placing the mixed solution in 100 deg.C boiling water, and inactivating enzyme for 5 min. The mixed solution after enzyme deactivation is filtered by 8 layers of gauze, and the filtrate is collected.
(3) 60% of skim milk powder (the mass of the total of the seven raw materials and the mass of the skim milk powder) is weighed and mixed with the filtrate uniformly, and the ratio of the final materials to the liquid (the mass of the total of the skim milk powder and the seven raw materials: the mass of distilled water) is 1: 10.
(4) And (3) treating the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) for 5min at room temperature by using a colloid mill, and then carrying out high-pressure homogenization on the mixed solution by using a homogenizer, wherein the homogenization pressure is 40Mpa, and the homogenization time is 10 min.
(5) And after homogenizing, carrying out spray drying under the following conditions: the temperature of an air inlet is 180 ℃; the temperature of an air outlet is 80 ℃; the rotational speed of the atomizer is 50 r/s, and the functional raw material mixed powder is obtained.
(6) 5 parts of the functional raw material mixed powder prepared in the embodiment is mixed with other nutrient raw materials to obtain formula milk powder suitable for being eaten by the people with fatty liver, and the formula milk powder is specifically as follows:
39 parts of skim milk powder; 10 parts of casein; 2 parts of corn oligopeptide powder; 28 parts of vegetable fat powder; 2 parts of L-arabinose; 2 parts of xylitol; 1 part of isomaltulose; 4 parts of maltodextrin; 1.25 parts of resistant dextrin; 1.5 parts of cotton seed oligosaccharide; 3 parts of chicory inulin; 1 part of mixed probiotics; 5 parts of functional raw material mixed powder.
The fat content in the vegetable fat powder is 48%, and the structure of the contained fatty acid is as follows: n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ═ 1: 1; ② polyunsaturated fatty acids: monounsaturated fatty acids: saturated fatty acids ═ 4: 6: 5.5.
the weight ratio of each component in the mixed probiotic bacteria is as follows: streptococcus thermophilus: bifidobacterium longum: lactobacillus casei 1:1:1: 1;
the formula milk powder also comprises a vitamin composition, wherein each 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains 340 mug of vitamin A RE (calculated by retinol), 6.87 mug of vitamin D, 14.97mg of vitamin E-TE (calculated by alpha-tocopherol) and vitamin B 1 1.4mg, vitamin B 2 1.26mg of vitamin B 6 2mg of vitamin B 12 2.32 mu g, 30 mu g of nicotinic acid, 288 mu g of folic acid, 5.24mg of pantothenic acid and 85.8mg of vitamin C;
the formula milk powder also comprises a mineral composition, and each 100g of the fatty liver formula milk powder contains 320 mug of copper, 54 mg of magnesium, 8.84mg of iron, 3.8mg of zinc, 60 mug of manganese, 312.3mg of calcium and 17 mug of selenium.
Example 8 color/Water solubility experiment
Using the mixed powders of functional raw materials prepared in examples 1 to 7 (except example 5) as experimental samples, the color, hygroscopicity and water solubility of the mixed powders were measured for the respective samples.
The color was measured using a colorimeter.
The water solubility was determined as follows: 0.1g (m) is weighed 0 ) The functional raw material mixed powder was placed in a 15mL centrifuge tube, and 10 mL distilled water was added. After the powder was sufficiently dissolved, the tube was centrifuged at 3000rpm for 5 min. Taking the supernatant fluid in a weighing dish and drying the supernatant fluid in a 105 ℃ oven to constant weight, recording the weight difference (m) between the constant weight of the supernatant fluid and the weight of the weighing dish (the weighing dish is also dried in the 105 ℃ oven to constant weight) 1 ). The water solubility of the mixed powder was calculated according to the following formula:
water-soluble ═ m 1 /m 0 )*100％
The results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 color and hygroscopicity of functional raw mix powders
Index (es) Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 6 Example 7
L* 76.23±0.134 a 78.14±0.276 bc 77.75±0.233 b 79.40±0.251 d 78.35±0.213 c 79.04±0.237 d
a* 4.06±0.102 c 3.32±0.113 a 3.72±0.098 b 3.69±0.091 b 3.52±0.103 ab 3.65±0.081 b
b* 17.92±0.121 c 14.84±0.127 a 15.48±0.123 b 15.74±0.152 b 15.64±0.138 b 14.94±0.129 a
H° 1.35±0.117 1.35±0.115 1.33±0.121 1.34±0.118 1.35±0.121 1.33±0.114
C* 18.37±0.162 c 15.21±0.142 a 15.92±0.121 b 16.17±0.133 b 16.03±0.141 b 15.38±0.132 a
Water solubility (%) 50.21±4.032 a 75.35±3.231 c 68.31±3.157 b 83.32±2.515 d 75.32±3.185 c 76.32±3.325 c
Note: results are expressed as mean ± sd, n ═ 3; different letters in the same row indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
In the table, L denotes the brightness of the product, a denotes the degree of reddening and greenness of the product, and b denotes the degree of bluish yellowness of the product. The H ° angle and the total chroma (C) are calculated by the following formula: h ° -tan ═ tan -1 (b*/a*)；C*＝(a*2+b*2) 1/2 。
As can be seen from Table 1:
color: from the data of the total chromaticity, the total chromaticity of example 1 was the largest, 18.37 ± 0.162, i.e., the color of example 1 was the darkest. In examples 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7, the skim milk powder is added after the enzymolysis, and the spray drying is performed, the total chroma is less than that in example 1, which shows that the spray drying powder can be lighter in color by adding the skim milk powder into the enzymolysis solution and performing the spray drying.
Water solubility: the water solubility of example 1 was the smallest, 50.21. + -. 4.032. The water solubility of the examples 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 is higher than that of the example 1, which shows that the solubility of the dried powder can be increased by adding the skim milk powder to the 7 medicinal and edible raw materials after enzymolysis and spray drying. Compared with the embodiment 2, the enzymolysis time is shorter, and the prepared functional raw material mixed powder has lower dissolubility; compared with the embodiment 2, the enzymolysis time is longer, and the prepared functional raw material mixed powder has higher dissolubility; the enzymolysis time can affect the solubility of the functional raw material mixed powder.
Example 9 animal experiment 1
1. Mouse SPF grade male C57BL/6J mice, 90, 7-8 weeks old.
2. Experimental sample
Blank group: common feed, PBS;
model group: nutrient solution in stomach and intestine;
formula 1 group: formula powder obtained in example 1;
formula 2 group: formula powder obtained in example 2;
formula 3 group: formula powder obtained in example 3;
formula 4 group: example 4 the resulting formulation powder;
formula 5 group: formula powder obtained in example 5;
formula 6 group: the formula powder obtained in example 6;
formula 7 group: example 7 the resulting formulation powder;
3. experimental protocol
After 5 days of adaptive feeding, the test mice are divided into a blank group and a modeling group according to a random number method, wherein the blank group comprises 10 mice and the modeling group comprises 80 mice.
For the first 10 weeks, all mice had free access to water:
blank group: all mice had free diet, and the daily gavage amount of PBS was 15 mL/kg;
building a module: constructing a fatty liver mouse model by intragastric feeding, intragastric feeding and free feeding of methionine choline deficiency feed (MCD) and fructose drinking water, wherein the intragastric feeding amount is 15mL/kg per day (the fat change degree of the non-alcoholic fatty liver is reached by detection at the 10 th week, the formula of the intragastric feeding comprises 12% of sucrose, 12% of lard, 4% of egg yolk, 3% of cholesterol, 1% of sodium cholate and 0.5% of propylthiouracil, and the fructose drinking water is water with the fructose content of 30%);
in 11 th to 14 th weeks, blank groups are freely fed with common feed and drinking water, and the modeling groups are randomly divided into 8 groups, specifically:
(1) model group: the common feed and drinking water are freely taken;
(2) formula 1 group: the powder of the formula of the example 1 is freely eaten, and water is freely drunk;
(3) formula 2 group: the powder of the formula in the example 2 is taken freely, and water is freely drunk;
(4) formula 3 group: the powder of the formula in the example 3 is taken freely, and water is freely drunk;
(5) formula 4 group: the powder of the formula in the example 4 is freely taken, and water is freely drunk;
(6) formula 5 group: the powder of the formula in example 5 is taken freely, and water is freely drunk;
(7) formula 6 group: the formula powder of example 6 was taken freely and water was drunk freely.
(8) Formula 7 group: the formula powder of example 7 was eaten freely, and water was drunk freely;
4. index detection
At the end of week 14, detection criteria:
(1) sample collection, in the final stage of experiment, mice are fasted and are not forbidden to be watered for 12 hours, 1% sodium pentobarbital is used for intraperitoneal injection and anesthesia, the mice are placed on an animal test bed in a supine mode, four limbs are fixed, after depilation, chest and abdomen are exposed, and blood is collected by adopting an eyeball-picking method. The serum separated was used for the detection of liver function index and blood lipid by biochemical analyzer, and the liver and spleen were weighed after the mice were sacrificed.
(2) Serological index detection: standing the collected blood at 4 deg.C for 2 hr, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 15min, collecting serum, packaging in 1.5mL centrifuge tube, collecting part of serum, and detecting contents of Triglyceride (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), high density lipoprotein (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) with full-automatic biochemical analyzer.
(3) And (3) detection of immune factors: the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum samples were determined by ELISA.
(4) Data processing: the test data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software, and the significance of the differences between the two groups was analyzed using t-test. P < 0.05 indicates significant difference.
5. Results of the experiment
(1) TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels for each group
Table 2 shows the levels of TNF-. alpha.and IL-6 in the serum of each group of animals. As can be seen from the data in the table, all of the groups of formulas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 can significantly reduce the content of TNF-alpha and the content of IL-6 (P < 0.05) in the fatty liver mice compared with the model group, and the content of TNF-alpha and the content of IL-6 in the group of formula 2, which is closer to the blank group, are 82.64 + -4.62 ng/L and 67.28 + -4.56 ng/L, respectively. The TNF-alpha content and the IL-6 content of the formulas 2, 6 and 7 are less than those of the formulas 3 and 4 (P is less than 0.05), and are closer to the blank group, so that the formula powder prepared by moderately enzymolyzing the medicinal and edible raw materials can better control the inflammation of fatty liver animals; the content of TNF-alpha and the content of IL-6 in the formula 1 group are larger than those in the formula 2 group (P is less than 0.05), which shows that the inflammation of fatty liver animals can be better controlled by adding the skim milk powder for spray drying than the fatty liver formula powder prepared by spray drying without adding the skim milk powder; the TNF-alpha content and the IL-6 content in the formula 5 group are obviously higher than those in the formula 2 group (P is less than 0.05), and the most similar to the model group shows that the inflammation of fatty liver animals can be better controlled by adding 7 medicinal and edible raw materials into the fatty liver formula powder.
TABLE 2 serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels in various groups of animals
Figure BDA0003656838990000131
Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, n ═ 10; the different letters in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05)
(2) Related indexes of blood fat and liver function level of each group
Table 3 is a correlation index of blood lipid and liver function levels of each group. As can be seen from the data in the table, the TC and TG contents of the formulas 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 are obviously reduced (P is less than 0.05) compared with the model group; the TC and TG contents in the formulation 5 group were also reduced to some extent compared with the model group, but were less significant. The contents of HDL-c and LDL-c in the formulas 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 are reduced (P is less than 0.05) compared with the model group; the HDL-c and LDL-c contents in formulation 5 were somewhat reduced as compared with those in the model group, but they were not significant. The results show that 7 medicinal and edible raw materials are added into the fatty liver formula powder, and the formula powder prepared by adding the skim milk powder for spray drying after moderate enzymolysis can better repair the damage of the liver and improve the inflammatory lesion of the liver.
TABLE 3 relevant indices of blood lipid and liver function levels for each group
Figure BDA0003656838990000141
Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, n ═ 10; the different letters in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05)
(3) Liver function enzyme index of each group of mice
Table 4 shows the indices of liver function enzymes in serum of each group of mice. As can be seen from the data in the table, compared with the model group, the ALT and AST contents in the serum of the formulas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are significantly lower than that of the model group (P < 0.05). The ALT and AST contents of the formulas 2, 6 and 7 are less than those of the formulas 3 and 4 (P is less than 0.05), and the components are closer to blank groups, so that the formula powder prepared by moderately enzymolyzing the medicinal and edible raw materials can better improve the inflammatory lesion of the liver; the ALT and AST contents of the formula 1 group are higher than those of the formula 2 group (P is less than 0.05), which shows that the inflammatory lesion of the liver can be better improved by adding the skim milk powder for spray drying than the fatty liver formula powder prepared by spray drying without adding the skim milk powder; ALT and AST contents of the formula 5 group are closest to those of the model group, which shows that 7 medicinal and edible raw materials added into the fatty liver formula powder can better improve inflammatory lesions of the liver.
TABLE 4 serum indices of liver function enzymes in various groups of mice
Figure BDA0003656838990000142
Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, n ═ 10; the different letters in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05)
According to the data analysis, the formulas 2, 6 and 7 can obviously reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors in the body of the fatty liver mouse, improve the inflammation in the body of the fatty liver mouse, obviously reduce the blood fat content of the mouse, repair the damage of the liver to a certain extent and improve the inflammatory lesion of the liver, and the data of the formulas 2, 6 and 7 can be compared to obtain the following results: the formula powder prepared from the medicinal and edible raw materials has better protection effect on the fatty liver model animal by moderate enzymolysis (enzymolysis is carried out for 80-100min in the experiment). By comparing the data of formula 1 and formula 2, it can be found that: the fatty liver formula powder prepared by adding the skim milk powder for spray drying has better fatty liver repairing effect than the fatty liver formula powder prepared by adding no skim milk powder for spray drying. By comparing the data of the formula 5 group with the data of the formula 2 group, the following results can be obtained: the addition of 7 medicinal and edible raw materials can enable the formula powder to have a better fatty liver repair effect.
Example 10 animal experiment 2
1. Mouse SPF grade Male C57BL/6J mice, 100, 7-8 weeks old.
2. Experimental sample
2.1 preparation of experimental samples:
the same procedure as in example 2 was used to prepare a formula wherein:
sample 1: replacing the 7 functional raw materials with 20 parts of kudzuvine root, and preparing sample powder 1 by using the rest materials which are the same as the example 2;
sample 2: replacing 20 parts of poria cocos by 7 functional raw materials, and preparing sample powder 2 by using the rest materials which are the same as the poria cocos in the example 2;
sample 3: replacing 20 parts of reed rhizome with 7 functional raw materials, and preparing sample powder 3 by using the rest raw materials which are the same as those in the embodiment 2;
sample 4: replacing 7 functional raw materials with 20 parts of ginseng, and preparing sample powder 4 by using the same materials as in the example 2 except for the parts of ginseng;
sample 5: replacing 7 functional raw materials with 20 parts of dandelion, and preparing sample powder 5 by the same method as in the example 2 except for the steps;
sample 6: replacing 20 parts of hovenia dulcis thunb by 7 functional raw materials, and preparing sample powder 6 by using the rest of hovenia dulcis thunb, which is the same as the example 2;
sample 7: replacing the 7 functional raw materials with 20 parts of cordyceps sinensis sporocarp, and preparing sample powder 7 by using the rest materials which are the same as the cordyceps sinensis sporocarp in the embodiment 2;
2.2 Experimental samples
Blank group: common feed, PBS
Model group: nutrient solution in stomach and intestine
Formula 2 group: example 2 formulated powder 2
Sample 1 group: sample powder 1
Sample 2 group: sample powder 2
Sample 3 group: sample powder 3
Sample 4 groups: sample powder 4
Sample 5 group: sample powder 5
Sample 6 group: sample powder 6
Sample 7 group: sample powder 7
3. Experimental protocol
After 5 days of adaptive feeding, the test mice are divided into blank groups and modeling groups according to a random number method, wherein 10 blank groups and 90 modeling groups are used.
For the first 10 weeks, all mice had free access to water:
blank group: all mice had free diet, and the daily gavage amount of PBS was 15 mL/kg;
building a module: constructing a fatty liver mouse model by intragastric feeding, intragastric feeding and free feeding of methionine choline deficiency feed (MCD) and fructose drinking water, wherein the intragastric feeding amount is 15mL/kg per day (the fat change degree of the non-alcoholic fatty liver is reached by detection at the 10 th week, the formula of the intragastric feeding comprises 12% of sucrose, 12% of lard, 4% of egg yolk, 3% of cholesterol, 1% of sodium cholate and 0.5% of propylthiouracil, and the fructose drinking water is water with the fructose content of 30%);
in 11-14 weeks, blank groups are freely fed with common feed and drinking water, and the modeling groups are randomly divided into 9 groups, specifically:
(1) model group: the common feed and drinking water are freely taken;
(2) formula 2 group: the formula powder 2 is eaten freely, and water is drunk freely;
(3) sample 1 group: the sample powder 1 is freely eaten and the water is freely drunk;
(4) sample 2 group: freely ingesting the sample powder 2 and freely drinking water;
(5) sample 3 group: freely eating the sample powder 3 and freely drinking water;
(6) sample 4 groups: freely ingesting the sample powder 4 and freely drinking water;
(7) sample 5 group: freely ingesting the sample powder 5 and freely drinking water;
(8) sample 6 group: sample powder 6 was taken freely and water was drunk freely.
(9) Sample 7 groups: freely ingesting the sample powder 7 and freely drinking water;
4. index detection
At the end of week 14, detection criteria:
(1) blood sample collection, animals are fasted and water is not forbidden for 12h, and then the mice are killed by cervical dislocation method after eyeball blood collection. The separated serum was subjected to detection of liver function index and blood lipid by a biochemical analyzer, and the liver and spleen were weighed after sacrifice and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde.
(2) Serological index detection: standing the collected blood at 4 deg.C for 2 hr, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 15min, collecting serum, packaging in 1.5mL centrifuge tube, collecting part of serum, and detecting contents of Triglyceride (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), high density lipoprotein (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) with full-automatic biochemical analyzer.
(3) And (3) detection of immune factors: the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum samples were determined by ELISA.
(4) Data processing: the test data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software, and the significance of the differences between the two groups was analyzed using t-test. P < 0.05 indicates significant difference.
5. Results of the experiment
(1) TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels for each group
Table 5 shows the levels of TNF-. alpha.and IL-6 in the serum of each group of animals. As can be seen from the data in the table, the TNF-alpha content and the IL-6 content (P < 0.05) of the fatty liver mice can be significantly reduced in both the formula 2 group and the samples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 groups compared with the model group, and the TNF-alpha content and the IL-6 content of the formula 2 group are closer to those of the blank group and are respectively 86.15 +/-3.66 ng/L and 61.35 +/-3.01 ng/L. The results show that each formula can obviously reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors in the body of the fatty liver mouse and improve the inflammation in the body of the fatty liver mouse. The TNF-alpha content and the IL-6 content of the formula 2 group are smaller than those of the samples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 (P is less than 0.05), and are closer to a blank group, so that the inflammation of the fatty liver animals can be better controlled by mixing seven medicinal and edible raw materials compared with singly using the seven medicinal and edible raw materials.
TABLE 5 serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels in various groups of animals
Figure BDA0003656838990000171
Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, n ═ 10; the different letters in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05)
(2) Related indexes of blood fat and liver function level of each group
Table 6 is a correlation index of blood lipid and liver function levels of each group. As can be seen from the data in the table, the TC and TG contents of the formulation 2 group and the samples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 groups are significantly reduced (P < 0.05) compared to the model group, wherein the TC and TG contents of the formulation 2 group are the minimum, and are respectively: 3.85 plus or minus 0.29mmol/L and 5.32 plus or minus 0.55 mmol/L. Formula 2 group and samples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 all had reduced HDL-c and LDL-c (P < 0.05) compared to the model group, with the lowest HDL-c and LDL-c content in formula 2 group, respectively: 2.96 plus or minus 0.25mmol/L and 0.43 plus or minus 0.13 mmol/L.
The results show that almost all the formula powder can reduce the blood fat content of mice, repair the damage of the liver to a certain extent and improve the inflammatory lesion of the liver. The contents of TC, TG, HDL-c and LDL-c in the formula 2 group are all smaller than those in the samples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 groups, and are closer to the blank group, so that the seven medicinal and edible raw materials can better repair the damage of the liver and improve the inflammatory lesion of the liver when being used together compared with the single raw material.
TABLE 6 relevant indices of blood lipid and liver function levels for each group
Figure BDA0003656838990000181
Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, n ═ 10; the different letters in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05)
(3) Liver function enzyme index of each group of mice
Table 7 shows the indices of hepatic enzymes in each group of mice. As can be seen from the data in the table, compared with the model group, the serum AST and ALT contents of the formula 2 group and the samples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 groups are obviously reduced (P is less than 0.05); wherein, the AST and ALT contents of formula 2 groups are less than those of sample groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, and are respectively as follows: 69.42 +/-5.73U/L and 53.21 +/-2.58U/L. Can repair the damage of the liver to a certain extent and improve the inflammatory lesion of the liver.
The results show that: all the formula powder can obviously relieve the liver inflammation. The AST and ALT contents of the formula 2 group are less than those of the samples 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 (P is less than 0.05); each item of data is closer to the blank set of values. The comprehensive analysis can show that: compared with the single use, the mixed use of the seven medicinal and edible raw materials can better relieve the liver inflammation.
TABLE 7 indices of liver function enzymes of various groups of mice
Figure BDA0003656838990000182
Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, n ═ 10; the different letters in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05)
According to the comprehensive analysis of the data, compared with single use, the mixed use of the seven medicinal and edible raw materials can obviously reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors in the body of a fatty liver mouse, improve the inflammation in the body of the fatty liver mouse, obviously reduce the blood fat content of the mouse, better repair the damage of the liver and improve the inflammatory lesion of the liver.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above embodiments can be modified, combined and improved without departing from the patent idea, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the patent. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent shall be subject to the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The formula milk powder suitable for the people with fatty liver is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 38-43 parts of skim milk powder, 8-13 parts of casein, 0.5-2 parts of corn oligopeptide powder, 25-30 parts of vegetable fat powder, 1-2 parts of L-arabinose, 1-2 parts of xylitol, 1-2 parts of isomaltulose, 4-10 parts of maltodextrin, 1-2 parts of resistant dextrin, 1-3 parts of cotton seed oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of chicory inulin, 0.5-1.0 part of mixed probiotics and 3-5 parts of functional raw material mixed powder;
the functional raw material mixed powder is prepared by mixing seven functional raw materials, performing moderate enzymolysis, and performing spray drying; the dosage ratio of the seven functional raw materials is as follows: kudzu root: tuckahoe, poria cocos: reed rhizome: ginseng: dandelion: raisin tree seed: 3-6 parts of cordyceps sinensis fruit body: 3-6: 2-4: 2-4: 0.5-2: 0.5-2: 0.5-2.
2. The formula of claim 1, wherein the fat content of the vegetable fat powder is 46-54%;
in the vegetable fat powder, n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid: n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ═ 1-2: 1;
in the vegetable fat powder, the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid: monounsaturated fatty acids: saturated fatty acids ═ 3-5: 5-7: 4-6.
3. The milk formula of claim 1, wherein the mixed probiotics are selected from one or more of streptococcus thermophilus, bifidobacterium longum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus bulgaricus.
4. The formula suitable for the population with fatty liver according to claim 1, wherein vitamins and minerals are further added to the formula.
5. The formula as claimed in claim 4, wherein the specific sources and amounts of the vitamins and minerals are in accordance with GB 14880-2012.
6. The milk formula for the population with fatty liver according to claim 5, wherein each 100g of the milk formula contains at least one of the following vitamin components: 600 mu g of RE vitamin A300- 1 1.2-1.8mg, vitamin B 2 1.2-1.8mg, vitamin B 6 1.3-2.0mg, vitamin B 12 2.2-3.3 mu g, 21-31 mu g of nicotinic acid, 280 mu g of folic acid, 420 mu g of pantothenic acid, 4.0-5.4mg of vitamin C60-90 mg;
every 100g of the formula milk powder contains at least one of the following mineral components: 420 mu g of copper 300-.
7. Process for the preparation of a formula according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the steps are as follows:
(1) functional raw material mixed powder raw material: taking radix Puerariae, Poria, rhizoma Phragmitis, Ginseng radix, herba Taraxaci, semen Hoveniae, and Cordyceps fruiting body as raw materials; drying, crushing and sieving;
(2) weighing radix Puerariae, Poria, rhizoma Phragmitis, Ginseng radix, herba Taraxaci, semen Hoveniae, and Cordyceps fruiting body powder at a certain proportion; uniformly mixing with distilled water, wherein the ratio of material to water is 1: 10-15 parts of;
(3) enzymolysis: placing the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) in a water bath with the temperature of 87 ℃ and oscillating for 40min at 200rpm, then cooling the temperature to 55 ℃, adding amylase, pectinase, cellulase and beta-glucanase into the mixed solution and oscillating for 80-100min at 200 rpm;
(4) enzyme deactivation: putting the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) into boiling water at the temperature of 100 ℃ to inactivate enzyme for 5 min; filtering and collecting filtrate;
(5) treating enzymolysis liquid: adding 40-70% of the skim milk powder into the filtrate obtained in the step (4), adjusting the material-liquid ratio again, wherein the final material-liquid ratio is 1:10, and homogenizing and spray drying the mixture after the mixture is treated by a colloid mill to obtain functional raw material mixed powder;
(6) mixing: and mixing the functional raw material mixed powder obtained by spray drying in the last step with other raw materials in the formula according to a proportion to prepare the formula milk powder suitable for the people with fatty liver to eat.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the amylase, pectinase, cellulase and beta-glucanase are added in amounts of 1%, 5% and 5% by mass, respectively, based on the raw material.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the homogenization pressure is 30-40Mpa, and the homogenization is performed at room temperature for 10 min; the spray drying conditions were: the air inlet temperature is 180 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotating speed of the atomizer is 50 revolutions per second.
10. The preparation method of claim 7, wherein the raw materials are mixed as follows:
40 parts of skim milk powder; 10 parts of casein; 1 part of corn oligopeptide powder; 27 parts of vegetable fat powder; 1 part of L-arabinose; 1 part of xylitol; 1 part of isomaltulose; 6 parts of maltodextrin; 1 part of resistant dextrin; 2 parts of cotton seed oligosaccharide; 4 parts of chicory inulin; 0.5 part of mixed probiotics; 4 parts of functional raw material mixed powder;
the fat content in the vegetable fat powder is 50%, and the structure of the contained fatty acid is as follows: n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ═ 1.05: 1; ② polyunsaturated fatty acids: monounsaturated fatty acids: saturated fatty acids ═ 4: 6: 5.
the weight ratio of each component in the mixed probiotics is as follows: bifidobacterium longum 1: 1;
the formula milk powder also comprises a vitamin composition, wherein each 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains 350 mu gRE of vitamin A, 6.77 mu g of vitamin D, 14.97mg of alpha-TE of vitamin E and vitamin B 1 1.4mg, vitamin B 2 1.26mg, vitamin B 6 2mg of vitamin B 12 2.32 mu g, 30 mu g of nicotinic acid, 288 mu g of folic acid, 5.24mg of pantothenic acid and 85.8mg of vitamin C;
the formula milk powder also comprises mineral compositions, and every 100g of fatty liver formula milk powder contains 330 mug of copper, 57mg of magnesium, 7.84mg of ferrum, 3.6mg of zinc, 40 mug of manganese, 301.3mg of calcium and 20 mug of selenium.
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