CN115044719B - Method for judging material level position by reducing material level damping down - Google Patents
Method for judging material level position by reducing material level damping down Download PDFInfo
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- CN115044719B CN115044719B CN202210666226.XA CN202210666226A CN115044719B CN 115044719 B CN115044719 B CN 115044719B CN 202210666226 A CN202210666226 A CN 202210666226A CN 115044719 B CN115044719 B CN 115044719B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/24—Test rods or other checking devices
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
A method for judging the position of a burden surface by reducing the damping down of the burden surface relates to the field of blast furnace ironmaking. The method for judging the position of the material level by blowing down the material level comprises the steps of small blowing down before blowing down and blowing down the material level of the blast furnace, and when the blast furnace is rebreathed to a normal state, starting blowing down the material level by blowing down the material level; when the charge level is lowered to the blast furnace belly part, measuring the top gas component once every 25-35min, and judging that the tuyere is blown out and the charge level is lowered below the plane of the blast furnace tuyere when the gas component meets the following conditions: CO in gas 2 The content is increased to the previous detection of CO in the gas 2 2-2.6 times of the content; h in gas 2 And the ratio of the CO content is 0.8-1.1; n in gas 2 The content is increased to more than 80%. The method for judging the position of the material level by reducing the material level damping down does not need to manually detect the blast furnace material through the blast furnace tuyere, but judges the position of the material level through the blast furnace top gas component, thereby safely, efficiently and conveniently determining the damping down stop time.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of blast furnace ironmaking, in particular to a method for judging a material level position by reducing material level damping down.
Background
The long-time running of the blast furnace can cause corrosion and damage of cooling walls and furnace bottom refractory materials, the safety of the blast furnace is affected, and the blast furnace needs to be shut down for overhaul or middle repair. Before the blast furnace is shut down, the blast furnace is usually firstly subjected to the construction operations of material-lowering and blowing-down, and then is subjected to the operations of residual iron discharging, hearth material cleaning, cooling wall overhauling and the like. In the process of blowing down and blowing out the material-lowering surface of the blast furnace, the change of parameters such as the water quantity of the furnace top, the depth of a material line, the air quantity and the like needs to be monitored and controlled, the temperature of the furnace top is controlled so as to avoid burning out furnace top equipment, and H in the gas is controlled 2 The content is free from knocking, thereby ensuring safe and efficient furnace shutdown. In the process of blowing down, the blowing down and the depressurization are gradually carried out until the material level falls below the plane of the air port, and the air port blowing-out can finish the material level falling process. The air blowing of the air port can be used as a construction access passage after the blowing down, and is one of the necessary means for reducing the difficulty of cleaning the materials in the furnace after the blowing down.
In the damping down process of the material level, a mechanical stock rod and a radar stock rod are required to detect a stock line, and the position of the material level in the furnace is judged. However, when the material level is lowered to the position, close to the waist, of the furnace body, the temperature in the blast furnace is increased, and the steel wire rope of the mechanical stock rod is easy to melt, so that the heavy hammer at the lower end of the stock rod falls off, and a stock line cannot be measured; the radar stock rod is also difficult to accurately measure the stock line when the stock line is deeper, and when the stock level further descends to the stove belly from the waist, the wind gap is darkened gradually even full black because the stove wall slag skin drops, is difficult to judge the accurate position of stock level through the wind gap peeping hole, just can't judge whether the wind gap blows out yet. At the moment, a small tuyere cover needs to be opened, hard devices such as an oxygen tube and the like are manually inserted into the tuyere, and the material position condition at the front end of the tuyere is detected; the method for manually detecting the material level can cause blast furnace gas to be blown out from the tuyere, is unfavorable for the safety of detection personnel, and has low efficiency.
Therefore, a method for accurately and efficiently judging the level position without opening the tuyere small cover is needed to ensure the safe operation of blowing down and blowing down the level.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for judging the position of a material level by lowering the material level and damping down, which does not need to manually detect the material of a blast furnace through a blast furnace tuyere, but accurately judges the position of the material level through the composition of blast furnace top gas, thereby safely, efficiently and conveniently determining the damping down stop time.
Embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows:
the embodiment of the application provides a method for judging the position of a material level by reducing the damping down of the material level, which comprises the following steps:
arranging small damping down before damping down and stopping the furnace on the material-lowering surface of the blast furnace, and when the blast furnace is re-ventilated to a normal state of the furnace condition, feeding damping down materials and starting damping down on the material-lowering surface;
when the charge level of the blast furnace is lowered to the position of the furnace belly of the blast furnace body, measuring the top gas component every 25-35min, and judging that the tuyere is blown out and the charge level is lowered below the plane of the tuyere of the blast furnace when the gas component meets the following conditions: CO in gas composition 2 The content is increased to the previous detection of CO in the gas component 2 2-2.6 times of the content; h in gas component 2 And the ratio of the CO content is 0.8-1.1; n in gas composition 2 The content is increased to more than 80%.
In some alternative embodiments, a small blow down is arranged, and a gas composition meter is installed for detecting the top gas composition.
In some alternative embodiments, the static pressure ports of the shaft are unblocked when a small blow down is scheduled.
In some alternative embodiments, small damping down is arranged, the mechanical trial rod is lengthened and the fire protection of the blast furnace roof equipment is enhanced.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: the method for judging the position of the material level by damping down the material level comprises the following steps: arranging small damping down before damping down and stopping the blast furnace at the material-lowering surface of the blast furnace when the blast furnace is in operationWhen the furnace is reset to a normal state, the material is put on the furnace for blowing down, and the material level is lowered for blowing down; when the charge level of the blast furnace is lowered to the position of the furnace belly of the blast furnace body, measuring the top gas component every 25-35min, and judging that the tuyere is blown out and the charge level is lowered below the plane of the tuyere of the blast furnace when the gas component meets the following conditions: CO in gas composition 2 The content is increased to the previous detection of CO in the gas component 2 2-2.6 times of the content; h in gas component 2 And the ratio of the CO content is 0.8-1.1; n in gas composition 2 The content is increased to more than 80%. The method for judging the position of the material level by reducing the material level and damping down can accurately judge the position of the material level by the composition of the blast furnace top gas without manually detecting the blast furnace material through the blast furnace tuyere, thereby safely, efficiently and conveniently determining the damping down stop time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a chart showing the gas component content of the top gas component measured every 30min in the method for judging the position of the material surface by damping down the material surface according to the embodiment of the application;
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The characteristics and performances of the method for determining the level position by damping down the level according to the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
3200m of certain iron and steel plant 3 The blast furnace is subjected to material level lowering, damping down and furnace shutdown due to the damage of the cooling wall, and comprises the following steps: .
Step one, preparing for blowing down and blowing out a material lowering surface, arranging small blowing down before blowing down and blowing out the material lowering surface of the blast furnace, installing a gas component measuring instrument for detecting the gas component at the top of the blast furnace, installing a blast furnace top spraying and water-spraying device, and dredging a static pressure hole of the blast furnace body to be communicated with N 2 2 mechanical trial rods are lengthened to 26m, and fire prevention treatment is carried out on equipment such as a blast furnace top relief valve cylinder and the like.
Step two, making a blast furnace material-lowering level damping-down plan, which comprises air volume control, damping-down material calculation, furnace top water-taking control scheme and H in gas components 2 The upper limit of the content, the measurement frequency of the gas components of 30min, the formulation of a gas recovery scheme and the like, and provides a basis for the end time of the damping down, the control of damping down parameters and the gas recovery time.
And thirdly, re-blowing the blast furnace until the furnace condition is normal, and stopping blowing the material, and starting to lower the material surface. In the process of blowing down and blowing out, the blowing down and the depressurization are gradually carried out along with the reduction of the charge level, and the blast furnace top gas temperature and the H in the gas are used for reducing the blast furnace 2 The water flow rate is controlled by content change and the like, the height of the material surface is measured by a mechanical stock rod, the composition of the top gas is measured every 30min, and a gas composition curve is drawn as shown in figure 1.
Fourthly, when the material level is lowered to the belly part of the lower part of the furnace body, the heavy hammer at the lower end of the mechanical stock rod falls off, so that the position of the material level is difficult to directly judge; when the material level is lowered below the furnace belly part, the tuyere is frequently hung with slag to be completely black, and whether the material level is lowered below the center line of the tuyere is judged through the gas component.
The judgment basis is that the following criteria are satisfied: s1, CO in gas component 2 The content of CO in the previous gas component is increased 2 2-2.6 times of the content; s2, H in gas component 2 And the content ratio of CO is 0.8-1.1; s3, N in gas component 2 The content is increased to more than 80%.
Step five, as can be seen from FIG. 1, CO is measured in the 16 th gas composition measurement 2 The content of CO in the 15 th gas component before 30min is 16.5% (see table 1) 2 2.5 times the content of 6.6%; h in 16 th gas 2 And CO content ratio 0.77/0.78 approximately equal to 0.99, N 2 The content is 82%; therefore, the air port is judged to be blown out, and the material level is lowered below the center line of the air port.
Table 1 15 th and 16 th detection of blast furnace top gas composition
And step six, when the material level is determined to fall below the center line of the tuyere, damping down to 0 after 15 minutes, and ending the material level falling.
And step seven, after blowing down and blowing out, the actual position of the material level can be seen to be below the center line of the tuyere, and the determination of the material level position according to the gas composition is verified to be accurate and feasible.
The method for judging the position of the material level by blowing down the material level provided by the embodiment of the application measures the top gas component every 25-35min when the material level is lowered to the lower furnace belly part of the furnace body and draws a gas component curve when the material level starts blowing down the material level on the blast furnace, and the CO in the gas component is calculated 2 The content of CO in the previous gas component is increased 2 2-2.6 times of H in gas component 2 And CO content of 0.8-1.1, N in gas component 2 When the content is increased to more than 80%, the material level is judged to be lowered below the center line of the tuyere, and the following reaction occurs in the blast furnace:
C+O 2 ＝CO 2 (1)
CO 2 +C＝2CO (2)
the material at the upper part of the convolution zone is gradually reduced, and CO generated by coke combustion is gradually reduced 2 The reaction 1 rapidly diffuses into the region above the swirling zone, and the number of direct reduction reactions (reaction 2) decreases, which causes a decrease in the concentration of CO in the gas and a decrease in the concentration of CO 2.
Meanwhile, the following reactions also occur in the blast furnace:
C+H 2 O＝CO+H 2 (3)
2H 2 +O 2 ＝2H 2 O (4)
2CO+O 2 ＝2CO 2 (5)
CO+FeO＝Fe+CO 2 (6)
H 2 +FeO＝Fe+H 2 (7)
when the tuyere blows out, the material above the swirling zone is difficult to cover the swirling zone, resulting in the development of the above-mentioned oxidation reaction 3 and oxidation reaction 4, and the generation of CO 2 Diffusion to the upper part of the blast furnace, which makes the direct reduction reaction 2 difficult; CO and H 2 The content drastically decreases, and thus the FeO reduction reaction 6 and the FeO reduction reaction 7 are difficult to proceed.
Thus, when the material is blown out by the tuyere zone blast air, it is such that:
A. the oxidation reaction 1 mainly exists in the blast furnace, and the oxidation reactions 4 and 5 are carried out in a small amount, thereby causing CO 2 Elevated content of, usually CO 2 The content of CO in the gas component is increased to the previous time (interval is about 30 min) 2 2-2.6 times of the content;
B. the reduction reactions 2, 6, 7 are difficult to proceed, leading to H 2 And reduced CO content; at the same time, the water gas reaction 3 proceeds in small amounts, H 2 Is substantially consistent with the volume fraction of CO, H in the gas component 2 And a CO content ratio of about 0.8 to about 1.1.
C. The blast air has a composition of N 2 ：78.09％，O 2 :20.95% of the time O is consumed by the oxidation reaction 2 Resulting in a relative increase in the N2 content of the gas components, typically to above 80%.
In summary, when the charge level is lowered below the hearth part, the tuyere frequently hangs slag to be completely black, the top gas component is measured every 30min, and the CO in the gas component 2 The content of CO in the previous gas component is increased 2 2-2.6 times of H in gas component 2 And CO content of 0.8-1.1, N in gas component 2 When the content is increased to more than 80%, the material level is judged to be lowered below the center line of the tuyere.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Claims (4)
1. The method for judging the position of the material level by reducing the material level damping down is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
arranging small damping down before damping down and stopping the furnace on the material-lowering surface of the blast furnace, and when the blast furnace is re-ventilated to a normal state of the furnace condition, feeding damping down materials and starting damping down on the material-lowering surface;
when the charge level of the blast furnace is lowered to the position of the furnace belly of the blast furnace body, measuring the top gas component every 25-35min, and judging that the tuyere is blown out and the charge level is lowered below the plane of the tuyere of the blast furnace when the gas component meets the following conditions: CO in gas composition 2 The content is increased to the previous detection of CO in the gas component 2 2-2.6 times of the content; h in gas component 2 And the ratio of the CO content is 0.8-1.1; n in gas composition 2 The content is increased to more than 80%.
2. The method for determining a level position of a down level damping down according to claim 1, wherein a gas composition meter is installed for detecting a top gas composition when a small damping down is arranged.
3. The method for determining a level position in a down-level damping down process according to claim 1, wherein the static pressure hole of the shaft of the blast furnace is opened when a small damping down is arranged.
4. The method for determining a level position of a material in a down-blowing operation according to claim 1, wherein a mechanical feeler is lengthened and a fire protection treatment of a blast furnace roof equipment is enhanced when a small blowing operation is arranged.
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