CN115044718A - Method and device for heating coal gas by plasma torch and application - Google Patents
Method and device for heating coal gas by plasma torch and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN115044718A CN115044718A CN202210658045.2A CN202210658045A CN115044718A CN 115044718 A CN115044718 A CN 115044718A CN 202210658045 A CN202210658045 A CN 202210658045A CN 115044718 A CN115044718 A CN 115044718A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/002—Heated electrically (plasma)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for heating coal gas by a plasma torch, which comprises the following steps: s1: inputting coal gas into a plasma torch for heating; s2: and introducing the heated coal gas into a blast furnace to reduce the iron oxide. The invention also discloses a device for heating coal gas by using the plasma torch and application of the method or the device in blast furnace iron making. The method or the device can utilize the high-power plasma torch to heat the coal gas, the temperature of the coal gas is quickly raised, the problem of carbon precipitation is avoided, the technical bias is overcome, the generation of nitrogen sulfide can be reduced, the environmental pollution brought by the metallurgical industry is reduced, and the thermoelectric efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace smelting hot air heating, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for heating coal gas by using a plasma torch and application of the method and the equipment.
Background
The hot blast stove for blast furnace ironmaking has a history of more than 170 years, the air temperature is improved from the initial 149 ℃ to the current 1350 ℃, the hot blast stove is one of the extremely important technical progresses in the blast furnace ironmaking production development history, and the significance is as follows: (1) the coke ratio is greatly reduced; (2) the yield of the blast furnace is obviously improved; (3) the increase of the air temperature promotes the injected fuel to replace expensive coke, and obvious economic benefit is obtained; (4) the blast furnace hot blast stove uses the byproduct blast furnace gas generated by the blast furnace production as fuel, so that the blast furnace becomes the pyrometallurgical equipment with the highest heat efficiency, thereby not only reducing the production cost of iron making, but also reducing the gas diffusion and protecting the environment. However, the energy required for blast furnace reduction and temperature rise mainly depends on carbon, and the used reducing agent still cannot separate carbon, and the essential of the method is to deoxidize iron ore through reduction and separate iron slag through slagging. In order to realize carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, effectively reduce coke ratio, reduce the use amount of carbon materials and increase the use of hydrogen and green electricity, the method is an optimal process approach. The filtered and purified reduction coal gas is heated to a required temperature through the plasma torch, heat energy required by the blast furnace reaction is provided, gas required by the reduction reaction is provided, and the coke only plays a role in filtering molten iron liquid drops and molten slag through the grid in the blast furnace and supporting the upper raw material support in the furnace to ventilate, so that the purposes of low carbon, green and emission reduction are achieved.
The energy required by heating can be realized by clean energy such as wind power generation, solar power generation, nuclear power generation and the like, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy to heat the required gas; the gas can be gas, coke oven gas, natural gas, hydrogen gas and gas generated by a COREX furnace after CO2 is removed by washing and removed from the top of a blast furnace, so that the consumption of carbon for heating and temperature rising of the blast furnace can be reduced or eliminated, for a carbon circulating blast furnace, if the circulating gas is heated to a high enough temperature by clean electric energy, the physical heat carried by the gas meets the heat requirement of molten iron smelting in the blast furnace, the blast furnace does not need a tuyere for carbon-oxygen combustion to provide heat, and low-carbon emission smelting can be realized. At this point, the reduction of the ore is accomplished by top-fed coke and recycled gas. The traditional heating means is difficult to heat the reducing gas to more than 1350 ℃, and is realized only by adopting a plasma torch which is flexible, convenient and fast, has high temperature rise speed and can reach higher temperature.
The plasma torch generates thermal plasma by ionizing gasThe core temperature can reach 1 x 10 4 Above K, commonly used gases such as air, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, methane, and the like. The gas contains CO and other components, carbon precipitation can occur at about 600 ℃, carbon filaments are formed between the electrodes, the fluctuation of discharge current is caused in the growth and collapse processes of the carbon filaments, the short circuit in the electrode discharge process can be stopped by the carbon filaments of the two electrodes, and the normal work of the plasma torch is influenced, so that the mixed gas containing CO gas with high reduction potential is fresh.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for heating coal gas by using a plasma torch, which can heat coal gas by using a high-power plasma torch, has the advantages of fast temperature rise of the coal gas, avoiding the problem of carbon precipitation, overcoming the technical bias that the coal gas cannot be heated by using the plasma torch, reducing the generation of nitrogen sulfide, reducing the environmental pollution caused by the metallurgical industry and having higher thermoelectric efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for heating gas by a plasma torch, comprising the steps of:
s1: inputting coal gas into a plasma torch for heating;
s2: and introducing the heated coal gas into a blast furnace to reduce the iron oxide.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the power of the plasma torch is greater than or equal to 0.1 MW; preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.5 MW; more preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 2 MW.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas is a mixed gas containing a CO-containing gas.
In one embodiment of the invention, the content of CO in the coal gas is more than or equal to 30 percent; preferably, the content of CO in the coal gas is more than or equal to 45 percent; more preferably, the content of CO in the coal gas is more than or equal to 65 percent; most preferably, the coal gas contains 85 to E92% of CO and 0.5% -7.5% of H 2 。
Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for heating gas by a plasma torch, comprising:
plasma torch: used for heating the coal gas;
power and control system: the plasma heating device is used for providing power supply for the plasma heating device and controlling the plasma heating device;
a cooling system: the temperature control device is used for controlling the temperatures of the plasma heating device, the power supply and the control system; and
a gas pipeline system: for transporting the gas.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the power of the plasma torch is greater than or equal to 0.1 MW; preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.5 MW; more preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 2 MW.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the power supply and control system includes a dc power supply cabinet, a magnetic control power supply cabinet, a plasma operation control cabinet and a high frequency start-up cabinet; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid storage tank, a circulating pump, a heat exchanger and cooling liquid; preferably, the cooling liquid is primary desalted water or 60% glycol water solution.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes a gas pressurization system for pressurizing the gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the gas pressurization system includes a pressurization device and a pressure tank.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of a method or apparatus for heating gas with a plasma torch in blast furnace ironmaking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the high-power plasma torch (more than or equal to 0.1MW) is applied to gas heating, so that the gas is heated quickly and can be heated to over 800 ℃ in a short time, the problem of carbon precipitation is avoided, and the technical bias is overcome.
(2) The coal gas heated by the plasma torch contains CO and has higher temperature, can replace the coal gas generated by the traditional coke, and the existing blast furnace ironmaking equipment can be continuously used, thus being suitable for carrying out green low-carbon upgrading and reconstruction on the existing blast furnace ironmaking equipment.
(3) The gas pressurizing system pressurizes the gas to accelerate the flowing speed of the gas, so that the gas pressurizing system is matched with the heating performance of the high-power plasma torch to improve the heating efficiency of the gas on the one hand, and on the other hand, the large gas flow is utilized to bring out possible trace carbon precipitation along with the gas flow, thereby further avoiding the adverse effect of the carbon precipitation on the plasma torch.
(4) The method or the device of the invention heats the coal gas with high CO content, the coal gas can be heated to nearly 3000 ℃ at most, the generation of nitrogen sulfide can be reduced, the environmental pollution brought by the metallurgical industry is reduced, and the thermoelectric efficiency is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the flow and system composition of a method for heating gas by a plasma torch according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of a plasma torch according to example 1 of the present invention on an iron making furnace;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the flow and system composition of a method for heating gas by using a plasma torch according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
1-direct current power supply cabinet, 2-magnetic control power supply cabinet, 3-plasma operation control cabinet, 4-high frequency starting cabinet, 5-pressurizing device, 6-pressure tank, 7-heat exchanger, 8-cooling liquid storage tank, 9-circulating pump, 10-plasma torch and 11-blast furnace.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the method for heating gas by using a plasma torch according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of:
s1: inputting coal gas into a plasma torch 10 for heating;
s2: introducing the heated coal gas into a blast furnace 11 to reduce iron oxide;
wherein the power of the plasma torch 10 is 2 MW.
The device for the method specifically comprises:
(1) plasma torch:
the plasma torch has the function of converting a power supply into a coal gas heating heat source, 4 sets of plasma torches can be adopted to replace the original 4 coal gas pipeline interfaces of the ironmaking furnace and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the ironmaking furnace, and coal gas is heated to a preset temperature by the plasma torches and then is directly sprayed into the ironmaking furnace.
Plasma torch main parameters (single set):
1) carrier gas: cold gas
2) Carrier gas flow rate: 2000Nm 3 /h
3) Carrier gas pressure 12bar
4) The inlet air temperature: less than 60 DEG C
5) Exhaust temperature: 3000 deg.C
6) Direct current power: 2MW, 2000A/1000V
7) Electrothermal conversion efficiency: more than 75 percent
8) Electrode life: the cathode is more than 200h, the anode is more than 500h
9) The external dimension is as follows: phi 540X 1800mm
10) Quantity: 4 sets of
(2) Power supply and control system
The power supply and control system mainly provides power supply and control for the whole system, collects the operation information of all devices, monitors the signals of all sensors and annunciators, and provides automatic control or computer interface control. The power supply and control system comprises a direct-current power supply cabinet 1, a magnetic control power supply cabinet 2, a plasma operation control cabinet 3 and a high-frequency starting cabinet 4.
Direct current power cabinet parameters (single set):
1) incoming line voltage: 380VAC, 3ph, 50Hz
2) Output capability: 700ADC/1000VDC
3) Power factor: greater than 0.95
4) Efficiency: greater than 0.9
5) Quantity: 12 sets
(3) Cooling system
The cooling system mainly provides cooling liquid for cooling the electrode so as to maintain lower temperature in the electrode chamber and meet the application environment temperature requirement of corresponding equipment in the electrode chamber. Meanwhile, the cooling liquid system also provides the requirements of the direct current power supply cabinet and cooling liquid of other key parts. The cooling liquid can adopt primary desalted water or 60% glycol water solution. The cooling system comprises a coolant storage tank 8, a circulation pump 9, a heat exchanger 7 and associated piping and accessories.
Coolant storage tank main parameters:
effective volume: 6m 3 ，
The external dimension is as follows: 2000X 3000mm
Quantity: 1, 1 set of;
the main parameters of the circulating pump are as follows:
flow rate: the reaction solution is mixed for 200t/h,
lift: 125m of the total number of the carbon atoms,
power: the power supply is provided with a power supply of 110kW,
quantity: 2 sets (one for one and one for standby);
the main parameters of the heat exchanger are as follows:
closed water side flow: the reaction solution is mixed for 200t/h,
open side water flow: the reaction time is 250t/h,
heat exchange power: 3MWth, namely the ratio of the carbon number to the carbon number,
quantity: 1, 1 set of;
a gas piping system for transporting gas.
The coal gas contains 85 percent of CO and 7.5 percent of H 2 5% of N 2 0.5% of CH 4 1% of CO 2 And 1% of H 2 And O. The gas temperature is raised from 40 ℃ to 40 ℃ by heating through a plasma torch1900℃。
In the embodiment, the 2MW high-power plasma torch is used for heating the coal gas, the temperature of the coal gas is quickly raised, the temperature can be raised to over 800 ℃ in a short time, the problem of carbon precipitation is avoided, and the technical bias is overcome.
The gas contains 85% of CO and 7.5% of H 2 The coal gas generated by the traditional coke can be replaced, the existing blast furnace ironmaking equipment can be continuously used, and the method is suitable for carrying out green low-carbon upgrading and transformation on the existing blast furnace ironmaking equipment.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the process steps and system components are basically the same as in example 1, and the main differences are specifically listed as follows:
(1) the power of the plasma torch was 5 MW.
(2) The gas heating device of the plasma torch also comprises a gas pressurizing system, and the corresponding method for heating the gas by the plasma torch adds the step of pressurizing the gas by using the gas pressurizing system before inputting the gas into the plasma torch 10 for heating.
The gas pressurization system comprises a pressurization device 5, a pressure tank 6 and corresponding pipes and accessories. The gas pressurization system is used for boosting cold gas by the pressurization device 5 and then sending the boosted cold gas to the pressure tank 6, and then introducing the cold gas to the interface of the plasma torch cathode gas inlet device through a gas pipeline behind the pressure tank 6.
The main parameters of the pressurizing device are as follows:
1) gas quantity: 4000Nm 3 /h
2) The air inlet pressure: 4bar
3) Exhaust pressure: 12bar
4) Exhaust temperature: less than 60 DEG C
5) Compressor power: 370kw
6) Quantity: 1 set of
(3) The coal gas contains 92 percent of CO and 0.5 percent of H 2 5% of N 2 0.5% of CH 4 1% of CO 2 And 1% of H 2 And O. Gas flow rate: 4000Nm 3 H; pressure: 4-6 bar; heating by plasma torch at 40 deg.CThe temperature was raised to 2350 ℃.
The gas pressurizing system pressurizes the gas to accelerate the flowing speed of the gas, on one hand, the gas pressurizing system is matched with the heating performance of a high-power plasma torch (5MW) to improve the heating efficiency of the gas, on the other hand, the large gas flow is utilized to bring out possible trace carbon precipitation along with the gas flow, and the adverse effect of the carbon precipitation on the plasma torch is further avoided.
Example 3
The process steps and system composition are basically the same as in example 2, and the main differences are specifically listed as follows:
the coal gas contains 65 percent of CO and 15 percent of H 2 1% of CH 4 16% of N 2 1% of H 2 O, 1% CO 2 (ii) a Gas flow rate: 5000Nm 3 H; pressure: 4-6 bar; the gas temperature was raised from 40 ℃ to 2940 ℃ by heating with a plasma torch.
Example 4
The process steps and system composition are basically the same as in example 2, and the main differences are specifically listed as follows:
the coal gas contains 45 percent of CO and 45 percent of H 2 1% of CH 4 6% of N 2 1% of H 2 O, 1% CO 2 (ii) a Gas flow rate of the pressurizing device: 50000Nm 3 H; pressure: 10 bar; the temperature of the coal gas is raised from 40 ℃ to 1000-1100 ℃ by heating through a plasma torch.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method of plasma torch heating of a gas, comprising the steps of:
s1: inputting coal gas into a plasma torch for heating;
s2: and introducing the heated coal gas into a blast furnace to reduce the iron oxide.
2. The method for heating coal gas by using the plasma torch as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.1 MW; preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.5 MW; more preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 2 MW.
3. The method for heating gas by using a plasma torch as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas is a mixed gas of a CO-containing gas.
4. The method for heating coal gas by using the plasma torch as claimed in claim 3, wherein the content of CO in the coal gas is more than or equal to 30%; preferably, the content of CO in the coal gas is more than or equal to 40 percent; more preferably, the content of CO in the coal gas is more than or equal to 60 percent; most preferably, the coal gas contains 85% to 92% of CO and 0.5% to 7.5% of H 2 。
5. An apparatus for heating gas with a plasma torch, the apparatus comprising:
plasma torch: used for heating the coal gas;
power and control system: the plasma heating device is used for providing power for the plasma heating device and controlling the plasma heating device;
a cooling system: the temperature control device is used for controlling the temperatures of the plasma heating device, the power supply and the control system; and
a gas pipeline system: for transporting the gas.
6. The apparatus for torch-heating gas as claimed in claim 5,
the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.1 MW; preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.5 MW; more preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 2 MW.
7. The apparatus for torch-heating gas as claimed in claim 5,
the power supply and control system comprises a direct-current power supply cabinet, a magnetic control power supply cabinet, a plasma operation control cabinet and a high-frequency starting cabinet; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid storage tank, a circulating pump, a heat exchanger and cooling liquid; preferably, the cooling liquid is primary desalted water or 60% ethylene glycol aqueous solution.
8. The apparatus for torch heating of gas as claimed in claim 5, further comprising:
a gas pressurization system: for pressurizing the gas.
9. The apparatus for torch-heating gas as claimed in claim 8,
the coal gas pressurization system comprises a pressurization device and a pressure tank.
10. Use of a method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or an apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9 in blast furnace ironmaking.
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| US4611332A (en) * | 1981-09-03 | 1986-09-09 | Skf Steel Engineering Aktiebolag | Transferred electric arc |
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| CN1644661A (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2005-07-27 | 太原理工大学 | Oven gas generation of plasma gasified coke oven |
| US20080135807A1 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-06-12 | Charles Terrel Adams | Methods and systems for producing fuel for an internal combustion engine using a low-temperature plasma system |
| CN101522561A (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2009-09-02 | 普拉斯科能源Ip控股公司毕尔巴鄂-沙夫豪森分公司 | A gas reformulating system using plasma torch heat |
| WO2013110969A2 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-08-01 | Hyl Technologies, S.A. De C.V. | Blast furnace with top-gas recycle |
| CN103589459A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-19 | 北京环宇冠川等离子技术有限公司 | Coal gasification method and device employing plasma torch heating technology |
| CN114438271A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-06 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line |
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2022
- 2022-06-10 CN CN202210658045.2A patent/CN115044718B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4611332A (en) * | 1981-09-03 | 1986-09-09 | Skf Steel Engineering Aktiebolag | Transferred electric arc |
| BR8600797A (en) * | 1986-02-21 | 1987-09-08 | Jose Joaquim Cardoso | IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO HIGH OVEN VENTANEIRA ADAPTED TO PLASMA TECHNOLOGY WITH A PLASMA ARCH TORCH APPLIED INSIDE THE ALGARAVIZ |
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| CN114438271A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-06 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line |
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