CN115044718B - Method, equipment and application for heating coal gas by plasma torch - Google Patents
Method, equipment and application for heating coal gas by plasma torch Download PDFInfo
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- CN115044718B CN115044718B CN202210658045.2A CN202210658045A CN115044718B CN 115044718 B CN115044718 B CN 115044718B CN 202210658045 A CN202210658045 A CN 202210658045A CN 115044718 B CN115044718 B CN 115044718B
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- gas
- plasma torch
- heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/002—Heated electrically (plasma)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for heating coal gas by a plasma torch, which comprises the following steps: s1: inputting gas into a plasma torch for heating; s2: and (3) introducing the heated coal gas into a blast furnace to reduce iron oxide. The invention also discloses equipment for heating coal gas by the plasma torch and application of the method or the equipment in blast furnace ironmaking. The method or the equipment can utilize the high-power plasma torch to heat the gas, the gas temperature is fast, the problem of carbon precipitation is avoided, the technical prejudice is overcome, the generation of nitrogen sulfide can be reduced, the environmental pollution caused by the metallurgical industry is reduced, and the thermoelectric efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace smelting hot air heating, and particularly relates to a method, equipment and application for heating coal gas by a plasma torch.
Background
The hot blast furnace heating blast production for blast furnace ironmaking has been over 170 years history, the wind temperature is increased from the initial 149 ℃ to the current 1350 ℃, the hot blast furnace heating blast furnace is one of the very important technical progress in the development history of blast furnace ironmaking production, and the significance is that: (1) greatly reducing the coke ratio; (2) significantly improving the yield of the blast furnace; (3) The improvement of the air temperature promotes the injection of fuel to replace expensive coke, thus obtaining obvious economic benefit; (4) The blast furnace hot blast stove uses the byproduct blast furnace gas generated by the blast furnace production as fuel, so that the blast furnace becomes the pyrometallurgical equipment with highest heat efficiency, thereby not only reducing the iron-making production cost, but also reducing the gas emission and protecting the environment. However, the energy required for reducing and heating the blast furnace mainly depends on carbon, and the used reducing agent is not separated from the carbon, and the essence of the energy is that iron ore is deoxidized through reduction and slag-iron separation is carried out through slag formation. In order to realize carbon peak and carbon neutralization, effectively reduce the coke ratio, reduce the use amount of carbon materials and increase the use of hydrogen and green electricity, the method is an optimal technological path. The filtered and purified reduction gas is heated to a required temperature through the plasma torch, heat energy required by a blast furnace reaction is provided, gas required by the reduction reaction is provided, coke only plays a role in filtering molten iron liquid drops and slag through a grid in the blast furnace, and the ventilation effect of a raw material bracket at the upper part in the furnace is supported, so that the purposes of low carbon, green and emission reduction are achieved.
The energy required by heating can be realized by clean energy sources such as wind power generation, solar power generation, nuclear power and the like, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy to heat the required gas; the gas can be gas, coke oven gas, natural gas, hydrogen and gas generated by a COREX furnace after CO2 is removed from the top of the blast furnace through washing, so that the carbon consumption required by heating and heating can be reduced or eliminated for the carbon circulating blast furnace, if the circulating gas is heated to a high enough temperature through clean electric energy, the physical heat carried by the gas meets the heat requirement of molten iron smelting in the blast furnace, and the blast furnace does not need tuyere carbon-oxygen combustion to provide heat, so that low-carbon emission smelting can be realized. At this point, the reduction of the ore is completed by the top-added coke and the recycled gas. The traditional heating means is difficult to heat the reducing gas to above 1350 ℃, and the method is realized by only adopting a plasma torch which is flexible and convenient, has high temperature rising speed and can reach higher temperature.
The plasma torch generates thermal plasma by ionizing gas, and the core temperature can reach 1×10 4 Above K, common gases such as air, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, methane, and the like. The gas contains CO and other components, carbon precipitation can occur at about 600 ℃, carbon wires are formed between electrodes, the discharge current is fluctuated in the growth and collapse processes of the carbon wires, the short circuit of the discharge processes of the electrodes can be stopped due to the carbon wires of the two electrodes, and therefore the normal operation of the plasma torch is affected, and therefore, mixed gas containing CO gas with high reduction potential is fresh.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for heating coal gas by using a plasma torch, which can heat the coal gas by using a high-power plasma torch, has the advantages of fast temperature rise of the coal gas, avoiding carbon precipitation, overcoming the technical prejudice that the coal gas cannot be heated by using the plasma torch, reducing the generation of nitrogen sulfide, reducing the environmental pollution brought by the metallurgical industry and having higher thermoelectric efficiency.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for heating gas by a plasma torch, comprising the steps of:
s1: inputting gas into a plasma torch for heating;
s2: and (3) introducing the heated coal gas into a blast furnace to reduce iron oxide.
In one embodiment of the invention, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.1MW; preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.5MW; more preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 2MW.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas is a mixed gas containing CO gas.
In one embodiment of the invention, the content of CO in the gas is more than or equal to 30%; preferably, the content of CO in the gas is more than or equal to 45%; more preferably, the content of CO in the gas is more than or equal to 65%; most preferably, the gas contains 85% -92% CO and 0.5% -7.5% H 2 。
Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for heating gas by a plasma torch, comprising:
plasma torch: for heating gas;
power supply and control system: for supplying power to the plasma heating device and controlling the plasma heating device;
and (3) a cooling system: for controlling the temperature of the plasma heating device, the power supply and the control system; and
gas piping system: for transporting said gas.
In one embodiment of the invention, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.1MW; preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.5MW; more preferably, the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 2MW.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the power supply and control system includes a dc power supply cabinet, a magnetron power supply cabinet, a plasma operation control cabinet and a high-frequency starting cabinet; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid storage tank, a circulating pump, a heat exchanger and cooling liquid; preferably, the cooling liquid is primary desalted water or 60% glycol water solution.
In one embodiment of the invention, the apparatus further comprises a gas pressurization system for pressurizing the gas.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas pressurization system includes a pressurization device and a pressure tank.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of the above method or apparatus for heating gas by a plasma torch in blast furnace ironmaking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) By applying the high-power plasma torch (more than or equal to 0.1 MW) to gas heating, the gas temperature is quickly raised, the temperature can be raised to more than 800 ℃ in a short time, the carbon precipitation problem is avoided, and the technical bias is overcome.
(2) The gas heated by the plasma torch contains CO and has higher temperature, can replace the gas generated by traditional coke, can be continuously used by the existing blast furnace ironmaking equipment, and is suitable for carrying out green low-carbon upgrading reformation on the existing blast furnace ironmaking equipment.
(3) The gas pressurizing system is used for pressurizing the gas so as to accelerate the flowing speed of the gas, on one hand, the gas pressurizing system is matched with the heating performance of the high-power plasma torch, the gas heating efficiency is improved, and on the other hand, the atmospheric air flow is used for bringing possible trace carbon precipitation along with the air flow, so that the adverse effect of carbon precipitation on the plasma torch is further avoided.
(4) The method or the equipment heats the gas with high CO content, the gas can be heated to about 3000 ℃ at most, the generation of nitrogen sulfide can be reduced, the environmental pollution brought by the metallurgical industry is reduced, and the method or the equipment has higher thermoelectric efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart and system composition diagram of a method of heating gas by a plasma torch according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a plasma torch arrangement on an iron making furnace according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method of heating gas by a plasma torch according to embodiment 2 of the present invention and a system composition.
The main reference numerals illustrate:
the device comprises a 1-direct current power supply cabinet, a 2-magnetic control power supply cabinet, a 3-plasma operation control cabinet, a 4-high frequency starting cabinet, a 5-pressurizing device, a 6-pressure tank, a 7-heat exchanger, an 8-cooling liquid storage tank, a 9-circulating pump, a 10-plasma torch and an 11-blast furnace.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a method of heating gas by a plasma torch according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
s1: inputting gas into the plasma torch 10 for heating;
s2: introducing the heated coal gas into a blast furnace 11 to reduce iron oxide;
wherein the power of the plasma torch 10 is 2MW.
The device for the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Plasma torch:
the plasma torch has the function of converting a power supply into a gas heating source, and the 4 sets of plasma torches can be adopted to replace the original 4 gas pipeline interfaces of the iron-making furnace and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the iron-making furnace, so that the gas is heated to a preset temperature by the plasma torch and then is directly sprayed into the iron-making furnace.
Plasma torch main parameters (single set):
1) Carrier gas: cold gas
2) Carrier air flow: 2000Nm 3 /h
3) Carrier gas pressure 12bar
4) Intake air temperature: less than 60 DEG C
5) Exhaust temperature: 3000 DEG C
6) Direct current power: 2MW,2000A/1000V
7) Electrothermal conversion efficiency: > 75%
8) Electrode life: cathode > 200h and anode > 500h
9) External dimensions: phi 540X 1800mm
10 Number of (a): 4 sets
(2) Power supply and control system
The power supply and control system mainly provides power supply and control for the whole system, collects the operation information of all devices, monitors the signals of all sensors and annunciators, and provides automatic control or computer interface control. The power supply and control system comprises a direct-current power supply cabinet 1, a magnetic control power supply cabinet 2, a plasma operation control cabinet 3 and a high-frequency starting cabinet 4.
Parameters of the direct current power supply cabinet (single set):
1) Incoming line voltage: 380VAC,3ph,50Hz
2) Output capability: 700ADC/1000VDC
3) Power factor: > 0.95
4) Efficiency is that: > 0.9
5) Quantity: 12 sets
(3) Cooling system
The cooling system mainly provides cooling liquid for electrode cooling so as to maintain lower temperature in the electrode chamber and meet the application environment temperature requirement of corresponding equipment in the electrode chamber. Meanwhile, the cooling liquid system also provides cooling liquid requirements of the direct-current power supply cabinet and other key parts. The cooling liquid can be primary desalted water or 60% glycol water solution. The cooling system comprises a cooling liquid storage tank 8, a circulation pump 9, a heat exchanger 7 and associated piping and accessories.
The main parameters of the cooling liquid storage box are as follows:
effective volume: 6m 3 ，
External dimensions: 2000X 3000mm
Quantity: 1 sleeve;
main parameters of the circulating pump:
flow rate: the rate of the reaction time is 200t/h,
the lift: the thickness of the film is 125m,
power: 110kW of the powder is used for the treatment of the surface,
quantity: 2 sets (one for one);
the main parameters of the heat exchanger are as follows:
closed water side flow: the rate of the reaction time is 200t/h,
open water side flow rate: the rate of the reaction time is 250t/h,
heat exchange power: the length of the 3 MWth-based optical fiber,
quantity: 1 sleeve;
a gas conduit system for transporting gas.
The gas contains 85% CO and 7.5% H 2 5% N 2 0.5% CH 4 1% CO 2 And 1% H 2 O. The gas temperature was raised from 40 ℃ to 1900 ℃ by heating with a plasma torch.
In the embodiment, the 2MW high-power plasma torch is used for heating the gas, so that the temperature of the gas is fast, the temperature of the gas can be raised to more than 800 ℃ in a short time, the carbon precipitation problem is avoided, and the technical prejudice is overcome.
The gas contained 85% CO and 7.5% H 2 Can replace the coal gas generated by the traditional coke, can be continuously used by the existing blast furnace ironmaking equipment, and is suitable for carrying out green low-carbon upgrading reformation on the existing blast furnace ironmaking equipment.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the procedure steps and system composition are basically the same as those of example 1, and the main differences are specifically listed as follows:
(1) The power of the plasma torch was 5MW.
(2) The apparatus for heating gas by the plasma torch further comprises a gas pressurizing system, and the corresponding method for heating gas by the plasma torch adds the step of pressurizing gas by using the gas pressurizing system before inputting the gas into the plasma torch 10 for heating.
The gas pressurization system comprises a pressurization device 5, a pressure tank 6 and corresponding pipes and accessories. The gas pressurizing system is used for pressurizing cold gas by the pressurizing device 5 and then delivering the pressurized cold gas to the pressure tank 6, and then leading the cold gas to the interface of the cathode air inlet device of the plasma torch through a gas pipeline behind the pressure tank 6.
The main parameters of the pressurizing device are as follows:
1) Gas amount: 4000Nm 3 /h
2) Intake pressure: 4bar
3) Exhaust pressure: 12bar
4) Exhaust temperature: less than 60 DEG C
5) Compressor power: 370kw
6) Quantity: 1 set of
(3) The gas contains 92% CO and 0.5% H 2 5% N 2 0.5% CH 4 1% CO 2 And 1% H 2 O. Gas flow rate: 4000Nm 3 /h; pressure: 4-6bar; the gas temperature was raised from 40 ℃ to 2350 ℃ by heating with a plasma torch.
The gas pressurizing system is used for pressurizing the gas so as to accelerate the flowing speed of the gas, on one hand, the gas pressurizing system is matched with the heating performance of a high-power plasma torch (5 MW) to improve the heating efficiency of the gas, and on the other hand, the atmospheric air flow is used for carrying out possible micro carbon precipitation along with the air flow, so that the adverse effect of carbon precipitation on the plasma torch is further avoided.
Example 3
The procedure and system composition are basically the same as in example 2, and the main differences are specifically listed as follows:
the gas contains 65% CO and 15% H 2 1% CH 4 16% N 2 1% H 2 O,1% CO 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Gas flow rate: 5000Nm 3 /h; pressure: 4-6bar; the gas temperature was raised from 40 ℃ to 2940 ℃ by heating with a plasma torch.
Example 4
The procedure and system composition are basically the same as in example 2, and the main differences are specifically listed as follows:
the coalThe gas contains 45% CO and 45% H 2 1% CH 4 6% N 2 1% H 2 O,1% CO 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Pressurization device gas flow rate: 50000Nm 3 /h; pressure: 10bar; the gas temperature was raised from 40 ℃ to 1000-1100 ℃ by heating with a plasma torch.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. An apparatus for heating gas for a plasma torch, the apparatus comprising:
plasma torch: the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.1MW;
power supply and control system: for providing power to and controlling the plasma torch heating means;
and (3) a cooling system: for controlling the temperature of the plasma torch heating device, the power supply and a control system; and
gas piping system: for transporting said gas.
2. The apparatus for heating gas by a plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein,
the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 0.5MW.
3. The apparatus for heating gas by a plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein,
the power of the plasma torch is more than or equal to 2MW.
4. The apparatus for heating gas by a plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein,
the power supply and control system comprises a direct-current power supply cabinet, a magnetic control power supply cabinet, a plasma operation control cabinet and a high-frequency starting cabinet; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid storage tank, a circulating pump, a heat exchanger and cooling liquid.
5. The apparatus for heating gas by a plasma torch according to claim 4, wherein,
the cooling liquid is primary desalted water or 60% glycol water solution.
6. The apparatus for heating gas for a plasma torch of claim 1 further comprising:
a gas pressurization system: for pressurizing said gas.
7. The apparatus for heating gas by a plasma torch according to claim 6, wherein,
the gas pressurizing system comprises a pressurizing device and a pressure tank.
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| CN202210658045.2A CN115044718B (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2022-06-10 | Method, equipment and application for heating coal gas by plasma torch |
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| CN202210658045.2A CN115044718B (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2022-06-10 | Method, equipment and application for heating coal gas by plasma torch |
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| CN115044718B true CN115044718B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE450898B (en) * | 1981-09-03 | 1987-08-10 | Skf Steel Eng Ab | SET FOR USING A PLASM MAGAZINE FOR SUPPLY OF HEAT ENERGY, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SET |
| BR8600797A (en) * | 1986-02-21 | 1987-09-08 | Jose Joaquim Cardoso | IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO HIGH OVEN VENTANEIRA ADAPTED TO PLASMA TECHNOLOGY WITH A PLASMA ARCH TORCH APPLIED INSIDE THE ALGARAVIZ |
| CN1262627C (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2006-07-05 | 太原理工大学 | Oven gas generation of plasma gasified coke oven |
| CN101479365A (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2009-07-08 | 普拉斯科能源Ip控股公司毕尔巴鄂-沙夫豪森分公司 | A heat recycling system for use with a gasifier |
| US8220440B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2012-07-17 | Tetros Innovations, Llc | Methods and systems for producing fuel for an internal combustion engine using a low-temperature plasma system |
| KR20150004313A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2015-01-12 | 에이치와이엘 테크놀로지즈, 에스.에이. 데 씨.브이. | Blast furnace with top-gas recycle |
| CN103589459B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-01-21 | 北京环宇冠川等离子技术有限公司 | Coal gasification method and device employing plasma torch heating technology |
| CN114438271A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-06 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line |
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