CN114645104B - CO (carbon monoxide) 2 Ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace ironmaking system for resource utilization - Google Patents
CO (carbon monoxide) 2 Ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace ironmaking system for resource utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN114645104B CN114645104B CN202210299751.2A CN202210299751A CN114645104B CN 114645104 B CN114645104 B CN 114645104B CN 202210299751 A CN202210299751 A CN 202210299751A CN 114645104 B CN114645104 B CN 114645104B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/06—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B2005/005—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/22—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by reforming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/28—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation
- C21B2100/282—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation of carbon dioxide
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a CO 2 Ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace ironmaking system for resource utilization and blast furnacePure oxygen is blown into the tuyere, the blast furnace outputs nitrogen-free or ultra-low nitrogen blast furnace metallurgical gas, and CO is removed after the blast furnace gas is pressurized 2 Removed CO 2 Pressurizing, conveying the mixture into a plasma moment body through a pipeline, heating to 3000-3500 ℃, and heating high-temperature CO through the plasma moment 2 Entering a reforming chamber through a plasma torch nozzle; through CO removal 2 The high-pressure blast furnace gas is used as the gas for carrying the pulverized coal and is sprayed into the reforming chamber together with the pulverized coal through a pulverized coal nozzle, and high-temperature CO at 3000-3500 ℃ is sprayed into the reforming chamber 2 Contact with sprayed coal powder to reform quickly, and convert into CO as carrier gas to eliminate CO 2 The temperature of the blast furnace gas is quickly raised together, and finally the reformed mixed gas with the temperature of 1500-1800 ℃ is obtained and is blown into the blast furnace from a blast furnace tuyere.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and in particular relates to a CO (carbon monoxide) 2 An ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace ironmaking system for resource utilization.
Background
The blast oxygen content of the traditional blast furnace ironmaking is 21-28%, the blast furnace is heated to about 1200 ℃ through a hot blast furnace, the required hot blast heating furnace adopts a hot blast furnace heating mode, the heating medium is mostly pressurized air containing 21% of oxygen, the gas and the combustion air of the combustion furnace are utilized to burn the checker bricks in the heating furnace in the combustion chamber of the hot blast furnace, when the temperature of the checker bricks is raised to 1250-1400 ℃, the operation of burning the furnace is stopped, cold air is blown from a cold air inlet of the hot blast furnace, the blown cold air is heated to become hot air after heat transfer with the high-temperature checker bricks in the hot blast furnace, then the hot air is mixed with the cold air according to a certain proportion at an air mixing valve, the mixed air reaches the temperature required by a user, and finally the mixed air is fed into the blast furnace, and the maximum temperature of the generally fed hot air is about 1200 ℃. After a series of oxidation-reduction reactions are carried out on the blast furnace hot air in the air opening and the furnace, outputting coal gas with the nitrogen content of about 50%, wherein the coal gas cannot be recycled in the blast furnace again and is output as blast furnace coal gas, and carbon in the coal gas is an unused resource in practice, so that the high carbon consumption of the traditional blast furnace is the root cause.
In order to reduce the carbon consumption of the blast furnace, the eight-steel development top gas circulation oxygen blast furnace is used for blast smelting by replacing a system with total oxygen smelting, and output low-nitrogen gas is recycled after carbon dioxide is removed, so that the aim of reducing the carbon consumption is fulfilled, the eight-steel 2020 realizes the breakthrough of 35% high-hydrogen-rich smelting technology in one stage, the 2021 completes the 50% ultrahigh-oxygen-rich smelting aim, the important breakthrough of the tuyere blowing decarburization gas technology is realized for the first time, and in 2022, the traditional blast furnace total oxygen smelting is realized, and the blast furnace output gas is recycled after carbon dioxide is removed. The volume concentration of the removed carbon dioxide reaches more than 98%, and the carbon dioxide is discharged basically without using the external discharge at the present stage, so that the carbon dioxide discharge is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a CO 2 The resource utilization ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace ironmaking system can solve the problems in the background technology and reduce carbon emission.
CO (carbon monoxide) 2 The blast furnace body is provided with a plurality of tuyere air supply devices which are uniformly distributed on the cross section of a blast furnace hearth, pure oxygen is blown into the blast furnace tuyere, the blast furnace outputs nitrogen-free or ultralow-nitrogen blast furnace metallurgical gas, and CO is removed after the blast furnace gas is pressurized 2 Removed CO 2 Pressurizing and then conveying the mixture into a plasma moment body for heating through a pipeline, and heating high-temperature CO through the plasma moment 2 Entering a reforming chamber through a plasma torch nozzle; through CO removal 2 The high-pressure blast furnace gas is used as the gas for carrying the pulverized coal and is sprayed into the reforming chamber together with the pulverized coal through the pulverized coal nozzle, and high-temperature CO is carried out in the reforming chamber 2 Contact with sprayed coal powder to reform quickly, convert into CO completely and remove CO as carrier gas 2 The temperature of the blast furnace gas can be quickly increased, and the reformed mixed gas is finally obtained and is blown into the blast furnace from the blast furnace tuyere. Further, the plasma moment body, the plasma moment nozzle, the reforming chamber and the air outlet air supply device are all cooled and protected through high-pressure cooling water, and the high-pressure cooling water inlet and outlet pipelines are all monitored by a flowmeter and a thermometer.
Further, the CO removed by the blast furnace gas 2 Heating to 3000-3500 deg.C by plasma, and reforming with pulverized coal to convert into CO and H 2 Wherein the CO content is more than 90%.
Further, under the working condition of blast furnace total oxygen smelting, the temperature of the reformed mixed gas output by the reforming chamber is 1500-1800 ℃.
The system comprises the following steps:
s1, sending metallurgical gas generated by a total oxygen blast furnace into a dust removing and decarbonizing device, and separating CO in the metallurgical gas 2 The nitrogen content is below 10%.
S2, separating the CO separated in the step S1 2 And exogenous CO 2 Merging and pressurizing to 0.35-0.5MPa.
S3, pressurizing the CO 2 Feeding the plasma moment for heating, adjusting the power of the plasma moment to enable CO 2 The output temperature of (2) is between 3000 and 3500 ℃.
S4, the high-temperature CO obtained in the step S3 is processed 2 Sending the mixture into a reforming chamber to remove CO 2 The high-pressure gas of the blast furnace is used as the gas for carrying pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal is sprayed into the reformer to enable the high-temperature CO to be obtained 2 Reforming with coal powder at high temperature to generate CO, hydrocarbon and small amount of H 2 。
S5, injecting the gas in the reforming chamber into a blast furnace through a tuyere air supply device to participate in the reduction reaction of the iron ore.
Further, the plasma moment body, the plasma moment nozzle, the reforming chamber and the air outlet air supply device are all cooled and protected through high-pressure cooling water, and the high-pressure cooling water inlet and outlet pipelines are all monitored by a flowmeter and a thermometer.
Further, a flow regulating valve, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a thermometer are arranged on the front pipeline of the plasma torch inlet, a thermometer and a pressure gauge are arranged on the front pipeline of the coal injection pipe entering the reforming chamber, and the pressure gauge and the thermometer are arranged in the reforming chamber.
Further, the energy consumed by the plasma torch for heating the metallurgical gas is green electricity, namely clean energy generated by wind power and photovoltaics.
Further, the exogenous CO in step S2 2 Occupying CO 2 5-30% of the total amount.
Further, the CO in step S4 2 The ton iron injection amount is 720-840m 3 /t。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention consumes CO according to the plasma moment performance 2 Realize CO 2 With coalThe reforming of the powder can reach 1500-1800 ℃, the carbon consumption of the blast furnace process is greatly reduced, and the coke ratio of the blast furnace can be reduced to below 150 kg/t. The nitrogen consumption of the blast furnace process is reduced, and the energy consumed by the plasma moment is completely green energy, so that the environment is not damaged.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides the following technical embodiments:
referring to FIG. 1, a CO 2 The blast furnace body is provided with a plurality of tuyere air supply devices which are uniformly distributed on the cross section of a blast furnace hearth, pure oxygen is blown into the blast furnace tuyere, the blast furnace outputs nitrogen-free or ultralow-nitrogen blast furnace metallurgical gas, and CO is removed after the blast furnace gas is pressurized 2 Removed CO 2 Pressurizing and then conveying the mixture into a plasma moment body for heating through a pipeline, and heating high-temperature CO through the plasma moment 2 Entering a reforming chamber through a plasma torch nozzle; through CO removal 2 The high-pressure blast furnace gas is used as the gas for carrying the pulverized coal and is sprayed into the reforming chamber together with the pulverized coal through the pulverized coal nozzle, and high-temperature CO is carried out in the reforming chamber 2 Contact with sprayed coal powder to reform quickly, convert into CO completely and remove CO as carrier gas 2 The temperature of the blast furnace gas can be quickly increased, and the reformed mixed gas is finally obtained and is blown into the blast furnace from the blast furnace tuyere. Further, the plasma moment body, the plasma moment nozzle, the reforming chamber and the air outlet air supply device are all cooled and protected through high-pressure cooling water, and the high-pressure cooling water inlet and outlet pipelines are all monitored by a flowmeter and a thermometer.
Preferably, the plasma moment body, the plasma moment nozzle, the reforming chamber and the air outlet air supply device are all cooled and protected by high-pressure cooling water, and the high-pressure cooling water inlet and outlet pipelines are all monitored by a flowmeter and a thermometer.
Preferably, a flow regulating valve, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a thermometer are arranged on a front pipeline of the plasma torch inlet, the pressure gauge and the thermometer are arranged at a plasma torch nozzle, the thermometer and the pressure gauge are arranged on a front pipeline of the coal injection pipe entering the reforming chamber, the pressure gauge and the thermometer are arranged in the reforming chamber, and the flowmeter is arranged at an outlet of the reforming chamber.
Preferably, the energy consumed by the plasma torch of the heating metallurgical gas is green electricity, namely clean energy generated by wind power, photovoltaic and the like, and the method is environment-friendly.
The invention comprises the following steps:
s1, delivering metallurgical gas generated by a European smelting furnace or a total oxygen blast furnace into a dust removal and decarbonization device, and separating CO in the metallurgical gas 2 The nitrogen content is 0-10%.
S2, separating the CO separated in the step s1 2 And exogenous CO 2 Merging and pressurizing to 0.35-0.5MPa.
S3, pressurizing the CO 2 Feeding the plasma moment for heating, adjusting the power of the plasma moment to enable CO 2 The output temperature of (2) is between 3000 and 3500 ℃.
S4, the high-temperature CO obtained in the step S3 is processed 2 Feeding into a reformer, and injecting pulverized coal into the reformer to make CO 2 Reforming with coal powder at high temperature to generate CO, hydrocarbon and small amount of H 2 。
S5, injecting the gas and oxygen in the reformer into the blast furnace through the air port air supply device to participate in the reduction reaction of the iron ore.
Preferably, the exogenous CO of step S2 2 Occupying CO 2 5-30% of the total amount.
Preferably, the CO of step S4 2 The ton iron injection amount is 720-840m 3 /t。
In 2020, eight steel for 380m in 6 months, a blast furnace is overhauled, and 14 sets of CO are synchronously fed into the blast furnace 2 A plasma torch heater, a plasma torch heater,and the gas system is modified. Is provided with a carbon dioxide collecting device, a blast furnace gas carbon dioxide collecting device, a carbon dioxide pressurizing machine, a plasma torch heater, a reforming chamber and other devices, and is used for recovering and collecting CO 2 After pressurization, the heated CO is heated by a plasma torch 2 Injecting into a reforming chamber, merging with synchronously injected pulverized coal, reforming, then blowing into a blast furnace from a tuyere, and testing the system after finishing the middle repair to successfully reform CO 2 The mixture is heated to 3000 ℃ by a plasma torch, and then is combined with pulverized coal for reforming, and is injected into a blast furnace.
In the process, CO is firstly used 2 Pressurizing machine for pressurizing CO 2 The pressurized normal temperature CO 2 Directly spraying into the plasma matrix, starting the plasma matrix heater to spray CO 2 Heating to 3000 ℃, and then heating the heated CO 2 Introducing into a reforming chamber, and simultaneously starting to send coal injection and blowing air (0.6 MPa) into a blast furnace to measure O in the furnace 2 The content is less than 1%, after confirming that the blast furnace system is normal, the blast furnace is ignited by oxygen supply, the first furnace iron is discharged from the blast furnace after 10 hours of ignition, the coke load of the blast furnace is slowly reduced, when the coke ratio is up to 450Kg/t, coal dust is injected into the reforming chamber, then the coal dust injection quantity is increased according to the condition of reducing the coke ratio, when the coke ratio is reduced to 180Kg/t, the coal ratio is 180Kg/t, the blast furnace is stable and smooth in running, the coal dust is injected into the reforming chamber, and plasma moment heating CO is realized after middle maintenance 2 ，CO 2 And (3) reforming the flow of blowing into a blast furnace by reacting with pulverized coal.
The invention utilizes the characteristic of plasma moment and CO 2 Physical and chemical properties of CO 2 Reforming with coal powder, and the reformed gas can reach more than 1500 ℃ and CO 2 Substituted blast furnace N 2 The function of inert gas reduces nitrogen consumption of a blast furnace system, greatly reduces carbon consumption of blast furnace processes, and the energy consumed by plasma moment is completely green energy without damaging the environment. The carbon emission of the traditional blast furnace is reduced by more than 60 percent.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention and not restrictive, and other modifications and equivalents thereof may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. CO (carbon monoxide) 2 The utility model provides an ultralow carbon emission blast furnace ironmaking method of resource utilization, the blast furnace body has a plurality of wind gap air supply arrangement evenly distributed on blast furnace hearth cross section, and the blast furnace wind gap is blown into pure oxygen, and the blast furnace exports no nitrogen or ultralow nitrogen blast furnace metallurgical gas, its characterized in that: CO removal after blast furnace gas pressurization 2 Removed CO 2 Pressurizing and then conveying the mixture into a plasma moment body for heating through a pipeline, and heating high-temperature CO through the plasma moment 2 Entering a reforming chamber through a plasma torch nozzle; through CO removal 2 The high-pressure blast furnace gas is used as the gas for carrying the pulverized coal and is sprayed into the reforming chamber together with the pulverized coal through the pulverized coal nozzle, and high-temperature CO is carried out in the reforming chamber 2 Contact with sprayed coal powder to reform quickly, convert into CO completely and remove CO as carrier gas 2 The temperature of the blast furnace gas is also increased rapidly, and the reformed mixed gas is finally obtained and is blown into the blast furnace from a blast furnace tuyere; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, sending metallurgical gas generated by a total oxygen blast furnace into a dust removing and decarbonizing device, and separating CO in the metallurgical gas 2 The nitrogen content is below 10%;
s2, separating the CO separated in the step S1 2 And exogenous CO 2 Merging and pressurizing to 0.35-0.5Mpa;
s3, pressurizing the CO 2 Feeding the plasma moment for heating, adjusting the power of the plasma moment to enable CO 2 The output temperature of (2) is between 3000 and 3500 ℃;
s4, the high-temperature CO obtained in the step S3 is processed 2 Sending the mixture into a reforming chamber to remove CO 2 The high-pressure gas of the blast furnace is used as the gas for carrying pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal is sprayed into the reformer to enable the high-temperature CO to be obtained 2 Reforming with coal powder at high temperature to generate CO, hydrocarbon and small amount of H 2 ；
S5, injecting the gas in the reforming chamber into a blast furnace through a tuyere air supply device, and measuring O in the furnace 2 The content is less than 1 percent, after confirming that the blast furnace system is normal, the blast furnace is ignited by oxygen supply, the first furnace iron is discharged from the blast furnace after 10 hours of ignition, and the coke burden is slowly reduced by the blast furnaceWhen the coke ratio reaches 450Kg/t, increasing the pulverized coal injection quantity according to the condition of reducing the coke ratio, and reducing the coke ratio to 180Kg/t, wherein the coal ratio is 180Kg/t, and the blast furnace condition is stable and smooth; the plasma moment body, the plasma moment nozzle, the reforming chamber and the air outlet air supply device are all cooled and protected by high-pressure cooling water, and the high-pressure cooling water inlet and outlet pipelines are all monitored by a flowmeter and a thermometer.
2. A CO according to claim 1 2 The method for making iron by using the ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace for recycling is characterized by comprising the following steps of: CO removed from blast furnace gas 2 Heating to 3000-3500 deg.C by plasma torch, and reforming with coal powder to convert into CO and H 2 Wherein the CO content is more than 90%.
3. A CO according to claim 1 2 The method for making iron by using the ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace for recycling is characterized by comprising the following steps of: under the working condition of blast furnace total oxygen smelting, the temperature of the reformed mixed gas output by the reforming chamber is 1500-1800 ℃.
4. A CO according to claim 1 2 The method for making iron by using the ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace for recycling is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the front pipeline of the plasma moment inlet is provided with a flow regulating valve, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a thermometer, the front pipeline of the coal injection pipe which enters the reforming chamber is provided with the thermometer and the pressure gauge, and the reforming chamber is provided with the pressure gauge and the thermometer.
5. A CO according to claim 1 2 The method for making iron by using the ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace for recycling is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the energy consumed by the plasma torch for heating the metallurgical gas is green electricity, which is clean energy generated by wind power and photovoltaics.
6. A CO according to claim 3 2 The method for making iron by using the ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace for recycling is characterized by comprising the following steps of: exogenous CO as described in step S2 2 Occupying CO 2 5-30% of the total amount.
7. A CO according to claim 3 2 The method for making iron by using the ultra-low carbon emission blast furnace for recycling is characterized by comprising the following steps of: CO as described in step S4 2 The ton iron injection amount is 720-840m 3 /t。
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| LU101227B1 (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-11-23 | Wurth Paul Sa | Method for Operating a Blast Furnace |
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