CN215481018U - Blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device and system - Google Patents
Blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215481018U CN215481018U CN202120658436.5U CN202120658436U CN215481018U CN 215481018 U CN215481018 U CN 215481018U CN 202120658436 U CN202120658436 U CN 202120658436U CN 215481018 U CN215481018 U CN 215481018U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device which comprises a tuyere small sleeve, a tuyere belly pipe, a coal powder spray gun and a hydrogen-rich gas spray gun, wherein the front end of the tuyere belly pipe is connected with the rear end of the tuyere small sleeve, the outlet end of the coal powder spray gun is obliquely inserted into the tuyere belly pipe and the tuyere small sleeve, the outlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun is obliquely inserted into a water-cooling cavity of the tuyere small sleeve, and the distance from the outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun to the front end of the tuyere small sleeveIs smaller than the distance from the outlet of the pulverized coal spray gun to the front end of the tuyere small sleeve. The utility model discloses a through setting up buggy spray gun and hydrogen-rich gas spray gun and carry out jetting simultaneously, utilize the oxygen reaction in hydrogen and the hot-blast gas to generate H2O and decomposed into H under the action of pulverized coal and high temperature2And CO, reducing the consumption of coke, and finally realizing the replacement of a part of carbon by hydrogen as a reducing agent, thereby reducing the fuel ratio of the blast furnace and reducing CO2And (5) discharging.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of blast furnace iron making, and particularly relates to a blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined device and system.
Background
Blast furnace iron making is a smelting technology completely relying on carbon as a reducing agent, and a large amount of high-quality carbon reducing agent, namely coke, is required to be provided. The high-quality coke is mainly refined by caking coking coal, the coking coal all over the world only accounts for 8-10% of the total coal reserves, and the price of the coke is high due to the shortage of coke resources. Furthermore, smelting processes that rely entirely on carbon as a reductant can result in large amounts of CO2The emission of the blast furnace is 70 percent of the total energy consumption of the long-flow steel production of the blast furnace-converter in the blast furnace process, and about 90 percent of coarse steel in China is produced by the long-flow steel, so the blast furnace is one of the main battlefields which are promised by reducing the carbon emission intensity in 2030 years in China.
In order to ensure the green sustainable development of the steel industry in China, the dependence of the iron-making process on metallurgical coke is reduced, and low-carbonization smelting is realized to achieve the purposes of consumption reduction and emission reduction.
The coal powder injection is one of effective measures for coke saving and improving smelting process in the production of blast furnaces, but research and production practice show that four factors are mainly used for limiting the further improvement of the coal injection amount: the burning rate of the coal powder in front of the tuyere, the thermal state of the hearth, the movement resistance of the coal gas flow and the coal coke replacement ratio. Among them, the burn-out rate of the pulverized coal in front of the tuyere is a main factor for limiting the injection amount at present. If the pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace can not be completely combusted in front of the tuyere, unburned pulverized coal can be carried out of the convolution area by the rising coal gas flow and is adhered to the primary slag when reaching the slagging zone, so that the viscosity of the primary slag is increased, the air permeability of a material column is deteriorated, the blast furnace cannot run smoothly, and even part of unburned pulverized coal is carried out of the blast furnace to cause waste.
In the aspect of low-carbon smelting, the existing blast furnace iron-making technology is mature, the carbon emission reduction potential is close to the limit, and only new technical breakthrough is found for continuously reducing carbon greatly. The hydrogen metallurgy technology comes, and at present, the hydrogen metallurgy technology mainly comprises two types: blast furnace hydrogen-rich smelting and hydrogen direct reduction. The blast furnace ironmaking technology is mature, the production capacity is high, the thermal efficiency is high (up to 95%), no technology can replace the blast furnace to support the huge demand of China on steel materials in the next decades, and the blast furnace still is the mainstream equipment for ironmaking in the steel production process of China, so that the blast furnace hydrogen-rich smelting becomes the current main low-carbon ironmaking technology in China.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device for a blast furnace, aiming at the defects that the blast furnace cannot run smoothly if coal dust injected into the blast furnace cannot be completely combusted in front of a tuyere in the prior art, and even part of unburned coal dust is taken out of the blast furnace to cause waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device which comprises a tuyere small sleeve, a tuyere belly pipe, a coal powder spray gun and a hydrogen-rich gas spray gun, wherein the front end of the tuyere belly pipe is connected with the rear end of the tuyere small sleeve, the outlet end of the coal powder spray gun is obliquely inserted into the tuyere belly pipe and the tuyere small sleeve, the outlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun is obliquely inserted into a water cooling cavity of the tuyere small sleeve, and the distance from the outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun to the front end of the tuyere small sleeve is smaller than the distance from the outlet of the coal powder spray gun to the front end of the tuyere small sleeve.
Furthermore, the pulverized coal spray gun comprises a horizontal section and an inclined section, wherein the horizontal section is inserted into the tuyere small sleeve, and the center line of the horizontal section is superposed with the center line of the tuyere small sleeve.
Furthermore, the length of the coal powder spray gun extending into the tuyere small sleeve is not more than 1/3-1/2 of the length of the tuyere small sleeve.
Furthermore, one end of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun inserted into the tuyere small sleeve is an arc-shaped section, and the included angle between the center line of the outlet of the arc-shaped section and the center line of the outlet of the pulverized coal spray gun is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees.
In addition, the utility model also provides a blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined system, which comprises a coal powder conveying mechanism, a hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing and conveying mechanism and the blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined device; the coal powder conveying mechanism is connected with an inlet of the coal powder spray gun, and the hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing and conveying mechanism is connected with an inlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun.
Furthermore, the pulverized coal conveying mechanism comprises a pulverized coal conveying main pipe, a pulverized coal distributor and pulverized coal injection branch pipes, the pulverized coal conveying main pipe is externally connected with a pulverized coal storage tank, the pulverized coal conveying main pipe is connected with inlets of the pulverized coal distributor, and outlets of the pulverized coal distributor are connected with inlets of pulverized coal injection guns corresponding to the air ports through the pulverized coal injection branch pipes.
Furthermore, a pulverized coal preheater for heating pulverized coal is arranged on the pulverized coal conveying main pipe.
Furthermore, a pulverized coal flow controller is arranged on the coal injection branch pipe.
Furthermore, the hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing and conveying mechanism comprises a hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing machine, a hydrogen-rich main pipe, a gas bar and hydrogen-rich branch pipes, wherein an outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing machine is connected with the hydrogen-rich main pipe, the hydrogen-rich main pipe is connected with the hydrogen-rich branch pipes corresponding to the air ports through the gas bar, and outlets of the hydrogen-rich branch pipes are connected with inlets of hydrogen-rich gas spray guns.
Further, a gas flow controller is arranged on the hydrogen-rich branch pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined device provided by the utility model is provided with the coal powder spray gun and the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun for simultaneous injection, and utilizes the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in hot air to generate H2O and decomposed into H under the action of pulverized coal and high temperature2And CO, reducing the consumption of coke, and finally realizing the replacement of a part of carbon by hydrogen as a reducing agent, thereby reducing the fuel ratio of the blast furnace and reducing CO2And (5) discharging.
(2) The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined device provided by the utility model has the advantages that the outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun is positioned in front of the outlet of the coal powder spray gun, so that the outlet of the coal powder spray gun is not positioned in an oxyhydrogen combustion area, the influence of the quick combustion of hydrogen/coke oven gas on the coal powder spray gun can be effectively avoided, and the influence on a small sleeve of an air port is reduced; meanwhile, the coal powder is favorable for completing the water gas reaction in limited time and space after being sprayed into the blast furnace, and the burning rate of the coal powder is improved.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection integrated unit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of a pulverized coal spray gun and a hydrogen-rich gas spray gun in the combined device for hydrogen-rich and coal-injection of a blast furnace of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection integrated system in the utility model.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a pulverized coal spray gun; 2. a hydrogen-rich gas spray gun; 3. a tuyere belly pipe; 4. a tuyere small sleeve; 5. a pulverized coal preheater; 6. a pulverized coal conveying main pipe; 7. coal injection branch pipes; 8. a pulverized coal distributor; 9. a pulverized coal flow controller; 10. a hydrogen-rich gas pressurizer; 11. a hydrogen-rich header pipe; 12. air exhaust; 13. a hydrogen-rich branch pipe; 14. a gas flow controller.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device, which includes a tuyere small sleeve 4, a tuyere belly pipe 3, a pulverized coal injection gun 1 and a hydrogen-rich gas injection gun 2, wherein the front end of the tuyere belly pipe 3 is connected with the rear end of the tuyere small sleeve 4, the outlet end of the pulverized coal injection gun 1 is obliquely inserted into the tuyere belly pipe 3 and the tuyere small sleeve 4, the outlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas injection gun 2 is obliquely inserted into the water-cooling cavity of the tuyere small sleeve 4, pulverized coal is injected into the pulverized coal injection gun 1 at the same tuyere of a blast furnace, and the hydrogen-rich gas injection gun 2 correspondingly injects hydrogen-rich gas, specifically, the hydrogen-rich gas may be hydrogen or coke oven gas containing hydrogen, the tuyere small sleeve 4 provides hot air, and the H of the hydrogen-rich gas2Firstly reacts with oxygen in hot air to generate water 2H2+O2→2H2O, H under high temperature conditions2O can intensify the combustion of coal powder and generate water gas reaction C + H2O→CO+H2Thereby improving the burning-out rate of the pulverized coal; when the relative position of the coal powder spray gun 1 and the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun 2 is designed, the distance from the outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun 2 to the front end of the tuyere small sleeve 4 is smaller than the distance from the outlet of the coal powder spray gun 1 to the front end of the tuyere small sleeve 4, namely, the outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun 2 is positioned in front of the outlet of the coal powder spray gun 1, the outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun 2 is closer to the front end of the tuyere small sleeve 4, so that the outlet of the coal powder spray gun is not in an oxyhydrogen combustion area, the influence of the quick combustion of the hydrogen-rich gas on the coal powder spray gun 1 is avoided, and the influence on the tuyere small sleeve 4 is reduced; meanwhile, the coal powder is favorable for completing the water gas reaction in limited time and space after being sprayed into the blast furnace, and the burning-out rate of the coal powder is further improved.
In an optimized implementation mode, the pulverized coal spray gun 1 comprises a horizontal section and an inclined section, the horizontal section is inserted into the tuyere small sleeve 4, and the center line of the horizontal section is superposed with the center line of the tuyere small sleeve 4; the length of the pulverized coal spray gun 1 extending into the tuyere small sleeve 4 is not more than 1/3-1/2 of the length of the tuyere small sleeve 4; through this kind of setting to pulverized coal injection gun 1 for pulverized coal injection gun 1 is difficult for the scaling loss, reduces the wearing and tearing to tuyere small sleeve 4 simultaneously, prolongs pulverized coal injection gun 1 and tuyere small sleeve 4's life, and makes the effectual of jetting buggy, increases the jetting buggy volume, has improved the coal ratio, has reduced the coke ratio, and then reduces the blast furnace and smelts the cost.
Furthermore, the front end of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun 2 inserted into the tuyere small sleeve 4 is an arc-shaped section, the included angle between the center line of the outlet of the arc-shaped section and the center line of the outlet of the coal dust spray gun 1 is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees, through the arrangement of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun 2, the coal dust is subjected to water gas reaction more fully, and the coal dust burnout rate is further improved.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment provides a blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination system, which includes a pulverized coal conveying mechanism, a hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing and conveying mechanism, and the above blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device; the coal powder conveying mechanism is connected with an inlet of the coal powder spray gun 1, and the hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing and conveying mechanism is connected with an inlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun 2.
In a specific embodiment, the pulverized coal conveying mechanism comprises a pulverized coal conveying main pipe 6, a pulverized coal distributor 8 and pulverized coal injection branch pipes 7, the pulverized coal conveying main pipe 6 is externally connected with a pulverized coal storage tank, the pulverized coal conveying main pipe 6 is connected with an inlet of the pulverized coal distributor 8, an outlet of the pulverized coal distributor 8 is connected with inlets of pulverized coal injection guns 1 corresponding to all air ports through the pulverized coal injection branch pipes 7, pulverized coal is conveyed to the pulverized coal distributor 8, and the pulverized coal distributor 8 distributes conveyed pulverized coal to the pulverized coal injection branch pipes 7 corresponding to different air ports.
Preferably, a pulverized coal preheater 5 for heating pulverized coal is arranged on the pulverized coal conveying main pipe 6. The temperature of the normal-temperature pulverized coal is improved by the pulverized coal preheater 5, so that the gasification and pyrolysis of the pulverized coal in front of the tuyere are promoted, the time required for preheating the pulverized coal to the ignition temperature in front of the tuyere is reduced, the combustion time of the pulverized coal in a convolution region is prolonged, the reaction rate of the pulverized coal at high temperature is higher, and the burnout rate of the pulverized coal is improved. Furthermore, the heat source for preheating the pulverized coal by the pulverized coal preheater 5 can adopt high-temperature waste gas of a steel mill, so that the energy resource of the steel mill is fully utilized, and the production cost is reduced. In order to avoid heat loss of the pulverized coal preheated by the pulverized coal preheater 5 in the pipeline conveying process, the pulverized coal conveying main pipe 6 and the coal injection branch pipe 7 are preferably made of heat-insulating conveying pipelines.
The hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing and conveying mechanism comprises a hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing machine 10, a hydrogen-rich main pipe 11, a gas row 12 and hydrogen-rich branch pipes 13, wherein the outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing machine 10 is connected with the hydrogen-rich main pipe 11, the hydrogen-rich main pipe 11 is connected with the hydrogen-rich branch pipes 13 corresponding to each air port through the gas row 12, and the outlets of the hydrogen-rich branch pipes 13 are connected with the inlets of the hydrogen-rich gas spray guns 2. Pressurizing the hydrogen-rich gas by a hydrogen-rich gas pressurizer 10 to ensure that the pressure before the hydrogen-rich gas is sent to the air port is at least higher than the pressure of the hot air, so that the hydrogen of the hydrogen-rich gas can smoothly react with oxygen in the hot air; the hydrogen rich gas is pressurized by the hydrogen rich gas pressurizer 10 and then sent to the hydrogen rich header pipe 11. The hydrogen-rich header pipe 11 distributes the supplied hydrogen-rich gas to the hydrogen-rich branch pipes 13 corresponding to the different tuyeres through the gas discharge pipe 12.
Further, a pulverized coal flow controller 9 is arranged on the coal injection branch pipe 7, and the amount of pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace is controlled by the pulverized coal flow controller 9; correspondingly, the hydrogen-rich branch pipe 13 is provided with a gas flow controller 14, the amount of hydrogen sprayed into the blast furnace is controlled by the gas flow controller 14, and the water gas reaction can be fully carried out by controlling the use amount of the pulverized coal and the hydrogen, so that the coal powder burnout rate is further improved.
Based on the above blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined system, the process of the blast furnace combined coal injection process in this embodiment, which simultaneously injects the pulverized coal and the hydrogen-rich gas, is as follows:
the pulverized coal is conveyed to a pulverized coal distributor 8 through a pulverized coal conveying main pipe 6 and is distributed to coal injection branch pipes 7 and pulverized coal injection guns 1 corresponding to each wind of the blast furnace through the pulverized coal distributor 8; meanwhile, the hydrogen-rich gas is pressurized by a hydrogen-rich gas pressurizer 10 and then conveyed to a hydrogen-rich main pipe 11, and the hydrogen-rich gas is distributed to hydrogen-rich branch pipes 13 and hydrogen-rich gas spray guns 2 corresponding to each tuyere of the blast furnace through a gas exhaust 12; at the same tuyere of the blast furnace, the coal powder and the hydrogen-rich gas are simultaneously sprayed into the blast furnace through a coal powder spray gun 1 and a hydrogen-rich gas spray gun 2 respectively.
Optimally, the pulverized coal can be preheated by a pulverized coal preheater 5 to be heated to 200-500 ℃ before being conveyed to a pulverized coal distributor 8, so that the temperature of the pulverized coal is increased, the gasification and pyrolysis of the pulverized coal in front of a tuyere are promoted, and the burning rate of the pulverized coal is increased.
In the embodiment, the hydrogen-rich gas can be hydrogen or coke oven gas, the coke oven gas is used as a by-product of a coke-oven plant, the hydrogen content is over 50 percent, and the hydrogen-rich gas can be used for blast furnace injection to further improve the value of the coke oven gas and improve the energy utilization rate.
Because sulfides in the coke oven gas easily corrode the tuyere small sleeve to cause damage, and in addition, the coke oven gas contains a small amount of impurities such as BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene mixture), tar, naphthalene and the like, and carbon precipitation, tar precipitation, naphthalene precipitation and the like can occur in the heating or pressurizing process, so the coke oven gas needs to be purified before being injected, and a coke oven gas purifier is arranged in front of the hydrogen-rich gas pressurizer 10 to avoid the influence on the pressurizer, tuyere equipment and the like, and the purification requirement of the coke oven gas is as follows: naphthalene is less than 300 mg/m3Tar < 5 mg/m3，H2S＜20 mg/m3Organic sulfur < 300 mg/m3。
In addition, the hydrogen-rich coal injection device and the system for the blast furnace are used for simultaneously injecting coal powder and hydrogen/coke oven gas, the device and the system can also be used for simultaneously injecting natural gas and coal powder, and the injected natural gas can also be in a normal temperature or a thermal state.
The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model, which is intended to be covered by the claims and any design similar or equivalent to the scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device is characterized by comprising a tuyere small sleeve, a tuyere belly pipe, a coal powder spray gun and a hydrogen-rich gas spray gun, wherein the front end of the tuyere belly pipe is connected with the rear end of the tuyere small sleeve, the outlet end of the coal powder spray gun is obliquely inserted into the tuyere belly pipe and the tuyere small sleeve, the outlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun is obliquely inserted into a water cooling cavity of the tuyere small sleeve, and the distance from the outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun to the front end of the tuyere small sleeve is smaller than the distance from the outlet of the coal powder spray gun to the front end of the tuyere small sleeve.
2. The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined device according to claim 1, wherein the pulverized coal injection lance comprises a horizontal section and an inclined section, the horizontal section is inserted into the tuyere small sleeve, and the center line of the horizontal section is arranged to be coincident with the center line of the tuyere small sleeve.
3. The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the length of the pulverized coal injection gun extending into the tuyere small sleeve is not more than 1/3-1/2 of the length of the tuyere small sleeve.
4. The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combination device of claim 1, wherein one end of the hydrogen-rich gas injection lance inserted into the tuyere small sleeve is an arc-shaped section, and the included angle between the center line of the outlet of the arc-shaped section and the center line of the outlet of the pulverized coal injection lance is less than or equal to 90 °.
5. A blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined system is characterized by comprising a coal powder conveying mechanism, a hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing and conveying mechanism and the blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4; the coal powder conveying mechanism is connected with an inlet of the coal powder spray gun, and the hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing and conveying mechanism is connected with an inlet of the hydrogen-rich gas spray gun.
6. The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined system according to claim 5, wherein the coal powder conveying mechanism comprises a coal powder conveying main pipe, a coal powder distributor and coal injection branch pipes, the coal powder conveying main pipe is externally connected with a coal powder storage tank, the coal powder conveying main pipe is connected with inlets of the coal powder distributor, and outlets of the coal powder distributor are connected with inlets of coal powder injection guns corresponding to the air ports through the coal injection branch pipes.
7. The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined system according to claim 6, wherein the pulverized coal conveying main pipe is provided with a pulverized coal preheater for heating the pulverized coal.
8. The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection integrated system of claim 6, wherein a pulverized coal flow controller is arranged on the coal injection branch pipe.
9. The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection combined system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing and conveying mechanism comprises a hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing machine, a hydrogen-rich main pipe, a gas exhaust pipe and hydrogen-rich branch pipes, wherein the outlet of the hydrogen-rich gas pressurizing machine is connected with the hydrogen-rich main pipe, the hydrogen-rich main pipe is connected with the hydrogen-rich branch pipes corresponding to the air ports through the gas exhaust pipe, and the outlets of the hydrogen-rich branch pipes are connected with the inlets of the hydrogen-rich gas spray guns.
10. The blast furnace hydrogen-rich coal injection integrated system of claim 9, wherein the hydrogen-rich branch pipe is provided with a gas flow controller.
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| CN115011747A (en) * | 2022-04-05 | 2022-09-06 | 北京科技大学 | Blast furnace hydrogen-rich fuel injection device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115011747A (en) * | 2022-04-05 | 2022-09-06 | 北京科技大学 | Blast furnace hydrogen-rich fuel injection device |
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