CN106702065A - Novel system and novel method for preparing sponge iron through gas-based shaft kiln - Google Patents

Novel system and novel method for preparing sponge iron through gas-based shaft kiln Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106702065A
CN106702065A CN201611185879.7A CN201611185879A CN106702065A CN 106702065 A CN106702065 A CN 106702065A CN 201611185879 A CN201611185879 A CN 201611185879A CN 106702065 A CN106702065 A CN 106702065A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
cooling
primordial
shaft kiln
sponge iron
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CN201611185879.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
范志辉
刘亮
员晓
曹志成
吴道洪
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Jiangsu Province Metallurgical Design Institute Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Province Metallurgical Design Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201611185879.7A priority Critical patent/CN106702065A/en
Publication of CN106702065A publication Critical patent/CN106702065A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/02Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0073Selection or treatment of the reducing gases

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel system and a novel method for preparing sponge iron through a gas-based shaft kiln. The method comprises the steps of preparing the sponge iron through the gas-based shaft kiln: enabling thermal-state reducing gas and oxidized pellets to be subjected to reduction reaction so as to obtain the sponge iron; recycling top gas and cooling gas tail gas: after enabling the thermal-state reducing gas to be subjected to reduction reaction, obtaining the top gas, and outputting the top gas from the top part of the shaft kiln; then treating the top gas through a gas purification unit to obtain purified top gas; feeding the purified top gas with the volume ratio being 30 to 50 percent into a hydrogen extraction device, and obtaining hydrogen and carbon monoxide rich gas; and feeding the carbon monoxide rich gas into a cooling section so as to exchange heat with the sponge iron, and outputting the obtained cooling gas tail gas into a heating device so as to be used as a fuel for burning. According to the method provided by the invention, the energy consumption of a process for preparing the sponge iron through the shaft kiln can be effectively reduced, the energy loss of gas discharged by the cooling section is reduced, the equipment cost is saved, and a treatment process is simplified.

Description

A kind of new gas-based shaft kiln prepares the System and method for of sponge iron
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, and in particular to a kind of new gas-based shaft kiln prepares system and the side of sponge iron Method.
Background technology
DRI, also known as sponge iron, is a kind of important Dai Tied steel scrap and better than the steelmaking feed of steel scrap, can be dilute The impurity element components in steel scrap are released, for electric furnace steel making provides essential pure iron material.Development of iron and steel enterprises is directly gone back Former iron technology, the requirement that the epoch that can better adapt to develop to enterprise to densification, high efficiency, purifying direction.
2014, whole world DRI yield was 74,550,000 tons.Wherein, by accounting for that gas-based shaft kiln method is produced 80%.Typical technique includes MIDREX techniques, (Energiron) techniques of HYL III and PERED techniques.Wherein, MIDREX techniques Including a flow chart branches, i.e. stock gas cooling process.In the flow, as cold after the scrubbed cooling of stock gas, pressurization But the sponge iron that gas is passed through in shaft furnace cooling pars infrasegmentalis, with shaft furnace completes heat exchange, is discharged from shaft furnace cooling section top afterwards, then Mix with natural gas after scrubbed cooling, gas-liquid separation, pressurization, also Primordial Qi is produced into reburner.The technique can relax to iron The requirement of ore sulfur content, 30%~70% sulphur is removed in cooling procedure by sponge iron in shaft furnace stock gas.But, it is cold But temperature is 450~600 DEG C or so after gas discharge, and the part sensible heat is not utilized, and increased the investment of production technology Expense.
The discharge method of DRI has two kinds:Heat discharging production hot wafering (HBI) and hot direct reduced iron (HDRI), and it is cold discharging production cold conditions DRI (CDRI).The DRI of heat discharging is only suitable for DRI Factory and electric furnace factory are apart from close large-scale synthesis iron and steel enterprise, and most direct-reduction factories do not possess this condition.Therefore CDRI is avoided that iron block is reoxidized, to ensure the quality of product.During production CDRI, in shaft furnace bottom, cooling section is passed through cooling gas Body, is cooled to DRI less than 50 DEG C and is then exhausted from.Simultaneously in cooling section to product carburizing, to mitigate the energy of molten subdivision Consumption burden.
In the prior art, gas-based shaft kiln prepares DRI process and there are following problems:1. reducing gas is by reduction section Bottom enters shaft furnace, and reduction reaction needs high temperature reduction gas, therefore requires that also Primordial Qi firing equipment scale is big, high energy consumption, wherein The sensible heat of DRI is not utilized.2. cooling gas are discharged from cooling section top gas outlet, and temperature is very high, but does not have Have and utilized well.3. due to H in circulating cooling gas2The value of/CO is higher, and CO comparision contents are low in gas, for cold But the carburizing effect of section DRI is not very good.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes the System and method for that a kind of new gas-based shaft kiln prepares sponge iron, and the present invention can be reduced effectively Gas-based shaft kiln prepares the energy consumption of sponge iron process, and reduces the energy loss that cooling section discharges gas, saves cost of equipment, simplifies Handling process.
The system of sponge iron is prepared the invention provides a kind of new gas-based shaft kiln, including carries hydrogen production device, heater, gas Base shaft furnace, gas purification units.
The hydrogen production device that carries has purification top gas entrance, hydrogen outlet, rich CO gas outlet.
There is the heater mixed gas entrance, cooling tail-gas entrance, hot also Primordial Qi to export.The gaseous mixture Body entrance is connected with the hydrogen outlet for carrying hydrogen production device by reducing gas pipe.
The gas-based shaft kiln is made up of the reduction section on top and the cooling section of bottom, with hot also Primordial Qi entrance, Fu Yi Carbon oxide gas entrance, acid pellet entrance, top gas outlet, cooling tail-gas outlet.Hot also Primordial Qi entrance and the institute State the hot also Primordial Qi outlet connection of heater, the rich carbon monoxide gas inlet and the rich oxidation for carrying hydrogen production device Carbon gas vent is connected, and the cooling tail-gas outlet is connected with the cooling tail-gas entrance of the heater.
There is the gas purification units top gas entrance, purification top gas to export.The top gas entrance and the gas The top gas outlet connection of base shaft furnace, the purification top gas outlet is connected with the purification top gas entrance for carrying hydrogen production device, Also, the purification top gas outlet is connected with the mixed gas outlet of the heater by the reducing gas pipe.
Further, the gas purification units include the water scrubber and/or gas-liquid separation device and/or the pressure that are sequentially connected Contracting machine and/or desulfurization and decarburization device.
Preferably, the rich carbon monoxide gas inlet has two, is separately positioned on bottom and the institute of the cooling section State at more than cooling section bottom 1/3~1/2.The cooling tail-gas outlet is arranged on the top of the cooling section.
Present invention also offers a kind of method that utilization said system prepares sponge iron, including step:
Gas-based shaft kiln prepares sponge iron:There is reduction reaction in hot also Primordial Qi and acid pellet, obtain in gas-based shaft kiln Sponge iron;
Top gas and cooling tail-gas are recycled:After the hot also Primordial Qi generation reduction reaction, as top gas Exported from the top of gas-based shaft kiln, top gas is purified after then being processed through the gas purification units, by 30~50% bodies Carried described in the purification top gas feeding of product ratio in hydrogen production device, hydrogen and rich CO gas are obtained, by a rich oxygen Change during carbon gas sends into the cooling section and exchanged heat with the sponge iron, the cooling tail-gas for obtaining are exported to the heating dress Put and middle burnt as fuel.
In the above-mentioned method for preparing sponge iron, the temperature of the cooling tail-gas is 450~600 DEG C.
In the above-mentioned method for preparing sponge iron, the temperature of the rich CO gas is 35~55 DEG C.A rich oxygen Change volume accounting >=70% of carbon monoxide in carbon gas.
In the above-mentioned method for preparing sponge iron, the temperature when top gas is exported from the top of gas-based shaft kiln for 350~ 550℃。
In the above-mentioned method for preparing sponge iron, H in the top gas2The hundred of the top gas cumulative volume are accounted for the volume of CO Fraction is 60~75%.
In the above-mentioned method for preparing sponge iron, H in the hot also Primordial Qi2It is total the hot also Primordial Qi to be accounted for the volume of CO Percentage >=90% of volume.
In the above-mentioned method for preparing sponge iron, it is described it is hot also Primordial Qi by it is fresh also Primordial Qi, it is described carry hydrogen production device output After hydrogen, the purification top gas mixing of 50~70% volume ratios, and obtained via the heating devices heat.
The present invention can make full use of physical thermal higher in cooling tail-gas, as the fuel gas of heater, can subtract The cost of few fuel gas heating.Also, without carrying out cooling circulation again, reduce cooling section cooling washing, gas-liquid separation, pressure The investment cost of the devices such as contracting etc..
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system schematic that a kind of new gas-based shaft kiln of the embodiment of the present invention prepares sponge iron.
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention prepares sponge iron using the system shown in Fig. 1.
Reference in accompanying drawing is as follows:
1st, hydrogen production device is carried;2nd, heater;3rd, gas-based shaft kiln;4th, water scrubber;5th, gas-liquid separation device;6th, compressor;7、 Desulfurization and decarburization device.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, specific embodiment of the invention is described in more details, so as to energy Enough more fully understand the solution of the present invention and the advantage of its various aspects.However, specific embodiments described below and reality It is only descriptive purpose to apply example, rather than limitation of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the system for preparing sponge iron for a kind of new gas-based shaft kiln provided in an embodiment of the present invention.The system Including carrying hydrogen production device 1, heater 2, gas-based shaft kiln 3, water scrubber 4, gas-liquid separation device 5, compressor 6, desulfurization and decarburization device 7.Wherein, the annexation between each device is as follows:
Carrying hydrogen production device 1 has purification top gas entrance, hydrogen outlet, rich CO gas outlet.
Heater 2 has mixed gas entrance, cooling tail-gas entrance, the outlet of hot also Primordial Qi, mixes for heating Gas.Tube furnace is selected in the embodiment of the present invention.Wherein, mixed gas entrance passes through reduction with the hydrogen outlet for carrying hydrogen production device 1 Flue is connected.
Gas-based shaft kiln 3 is made up of the reduction section 301 on top and the cooling section 302 of bottom.It has it is hot also Primordial Qi entrance, Rich carbon monoxide gas inlet, acid pellet entrance, top gas outlet, cooling tail-gas outlet, for reduction-oxidation pelletizing simultaneously Exchanged heat.Wherein, acid pellet entrance is located at the top of gas-based shaft kiln 3.Hot also Primordial Qi entrance is hot with heater 2 Also Primordial Qi outlet connection.Hot also Primordial Qi entrance is located at the bottom of reduction section 301.Rich carbon monoxide gas inlet with carry hydrogen production device 1 rich CO gas outlet connection.In the embodiment of the present invention, two rich carbon monoxide gas inlets are provided with, respectively position At 1/3~1/2 more than the bottom of cooling section 302 and the bottom of cooling section 302.Cooling tail-gas outlet is cold with heater 2 But tail-gas entrance connection.Also, cooling tail-gas outlet is arranged on the top of cooling section 302.
Water scrubber 4, gas-liquid separation device 5, compressor 6, desulfurization and decarburization device 7 are sequentially connected by gas flow.Wherein, Water scrubber 4 has top gas entrance, and desulfurization and decarburization device 7 has purification top gas outlet.Wherein, top gas entrance is erected with gas base The top gas outlet connection of stove 3.Purification top gas outlet is connected with the purification top gas entrance for carrying hydrogen production device 1.Also, purification furnace Top gas outlet is connected with the mixed gas outlet of heater 2 by reducing gas pipe.
As shown in Fig. 2 the System and method for flow to prepare sponge iron in the embodiment of the present invention using the system shown in Fig. 1 Schematic diagram.Comprise the following steps:
(1) gas-based shaft kiln prepares sponge iron
Will fresh also Primordial Qi, carry the purification top gas of hydrogen, 50~70% volume ratios that hydrogen production device 1 exports in reducing gas It is well mixed in pipe, obtains mixed gas.Wherein, fresh also Primordial Qi is that coke-stove gas, pyrolysis coal gas or coal gas etc. have The gas of reducing agent effect.
900~1000 DEG C are heated to during mixed gas are sent into tube furnace 2, hot also Primordial Qi can be obtained.Wherein H2With The volume of CO accounts for more than the 90% of hot also Primordial Qi cumulative volume.Hot also Primordial Qi enters gas base from the bottom bustle pipe of reduction section 301 In shaft furnace 3, and with the iron content acid pellet counter current contacting from the top of gas-based shaft kiln 3 feeding, there is reduction reaction, so as to obtain height Warm sponge iron.Wherein, slowly operation to the bottom of gas-based shaft kiln 3 discharges out of the furnace high-temperature sponge iron.
(2) treatment of top gas
In above-mentioned steps, the top gas after hot also Primordial Qi reduction iron content acid pellet, from going out for the top of gas-based shaft kiln 3 Gas port is discharged.Temperature when top gas is discharged is 350~550 DEG C.In top gas, H2Top gas cumulative volume is accounted for the volume of CO 60~75%.The top gas is sequentially fed into water scrubber 4, gas-liquid separation device 5, compressor 6, desulfurization and decarburization device 7, is carried out Washing, separation, compression, desulfurization carbon dioxide removal purified treatment, are purified top gas.
Purification top gas after being processed through said apparatus is divided into two parts.Part purification top gas feeding carries hydrogen production device 1 In, it is divided into hydrogen and rich CO gas, hydrogen mixes in delivering to reducing gas pipe with residue purification top gas, realizes also Primordial Qi is recycled.Wherein, into the purification top gas for carrying hydrogen production device 1 volume account for purification top gas cumulative volume 30~ 50%, the hydrogen production device scale that puies forward can be reduced, reduce the cost of equipment investment.
(3) treatment of tail-gas is cooled down
The temperature of the rich CO gas that above-mentioned steps are obtained is 35~55 DEG C, and the volume ratio of wherein carbon monoxide is More than 70%.The rich CO gas are from cooling section 302 via in rich carbon monoxide gas inlet feeding gas-based shaft kiln 3.This The two rich carbon monoxide gas inlets set in inventive embodiments, can make the Temperature Distribution of rich CO gas more equal Even, cooling is more rapid, can quick and uniform cooling down high-temperature sponge iron to suitable temperature, make cooling more abundant.
After rich CO gas enter in gas-based shaft kiln 3, and high-temperature sponge iron therein carries out heat exchange, in cooling section High-temperature sponge iron is cooled to less than 50 DEG C by 302, and carburization reaction occurs.Then, rich CO gas are used as cooling gas tail From cooling gas outlet output, temperature is 450~600 DEG C to gas, and delivers to tube furnace 2, is carried out in tube furnace 2 as fuel gas Combustion heat supplying.Also, cooling tail-gas outlet is arranged on the top of cooling section 302.
Embodiment 1
Choose certain factory pyrolysis coal gas, wherein CO and H2Volume accounting be 90%, H2/ CO=1.5.By pyrolysis coal gas, carry hydrogen The purification top gas mixing of the hydrogen, 60% volume ratio of device output, sends into tube furnace, 900 DEG C is heated to, from reduction section bottom Bustle pipe enters gas-based shaft kiln.Acid pellet is reduced to sponge iron by hot also Primordial Qi in reduction section.Top gas after reduction is from stove Top gas outlet output gas-based shaft kiln, temperature is 350 DEG C, wherein H2It is 65%, H with the volume ratio of CO2/ CO=1.8.Successively by stove The water scrubber dedusting cooling of top gas feeding, gas-liquid separation device dehydration, compressor pressurization, desulfurization and decarburization device carbon dioxide removal and Hydrogen sulfide.Top gas through processing is divided into two parts.The purification top gas of 40% volume ratio is carrying hydrogen production device by Hydrogen Separation, obtains To rich CO gas and hydrogen.The volume ratio of carbon monoxide is 76% in rich CO gas.60% volume ratio it is net Change top gas to mix with the new coal gas for adding.Rich CO gas enter gas from two rich carbon monoxide gas inlets respectively Base shaft furnace, temperature is 30 DEG C, and the high-temperature sponge iron to running from top to bottom carries out adverse current cooling and carburizing, afterwards from cooling gas tail Gas outlet is 500 DEG C as cooling tail-gas output, temperature, into tube furnace burning.
Embodiment 2
Choose certain factory's coke-stove gas, wherein CO and H2Volume accounting be 90%, H2/ CO=8.0.By pyrolysis coal gas, carry hydrogen The purification top gas mixing of the hydrogen, 70% volume ratio of device output, sends into tube furnace, 1000 DEG C is heated to, from reduction section bottom Portion's bustle pipe enters gas-based shaft kiln.Acid pellet is reduced to sponge iron by hot also Primordial Qi in reduction section.Top gas after reduction from Top gas outlet output gas-based shaft kiln, temperature is 550 DEG C, wherein H2It is 60%, H with the volume ratio of CO2/ CO=2.0.Successively will Top gas feeding water scrubber dedusting cooling, gas-liquid separation device dehydration, compressor pressurization, desulfurization and decarburization device carbon dioxide removal And hydrogen sulfide.Top gas through processing is divided into two parts.30% purification top gas is carrying hydrogen production device by Hydrogen Separation, obtains richness CO gas and hydrogen.The volume ratio of carbon monoxide is 77% in rich CO gas.70% purification top gas with it is new The coal gas mixing of addition.Rich CO gas enter gas-based shaft kiln, temperature from two rich carbon monoxide gas inlets respectively It it is 55 DEG C, the high-temperature sponge iron to running from top to bottom carries out adverse current cooling and carburizing, afterwards from cooling tail-gas outlet conduct Cooling tail-gas output, temperature is 600 DEG C, into tube furnace burning.
Embodiment 3
Choose certain factory's coal gas, wherein CO and H2Volume accounting be 88%, H2/ CO=1.0.By pyrolysis coal gas, carry hydrogen dress The purification top gas mixing of the hydrogen, 50% volume ratio of output is put, tube furnace is sent into, 930 DEG C are heated to, enclosed from reduction section bottom Pipe enters gas-based shaft kiln.Acid pellet is reduced to sponge iron by hot also Primordial Qi in reduction section.Top gas after reduction is from furnace roof Gas outlet output gas-based shaft kiln, temperature is 450 DEG C, wherein H2It is 75%, H with the volume ratio of CO2/ CO=1.5.Successively by furnace roof Pneumatic transmission enters water scrubber dedusting cooling, gas-liquid separation device dehydration, compressor pressurization, desulfurization and decarburization device carbon dioxide removal and sulphur Change hydrogen.Top gas through processing is divided into two parts.The purification top gas of 50% volume ratio is carrying hydrogen production device by Hydrogen Separation, obtains Rich CO gas and hydrogen.The volume ratio of carbon monoxide is 77% in rich CO gas.The purification of 50% volume ratio Top gas mixes with the new coal gas for adding.Rich CO gas enter gas base from two rich carbon monoxide gas inlets respectively Shaft furnace, temperature is 50 DEG C, and the high-temperature sponge iron to running from top to bottom carries out adverse current cooling and carburizing, afterwards from cooling tail-gas Outlet is 450 DEG C as cooling tail-gas output, temperature, into tube furnace burning.
Finally it should be noted that:Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and simultaneously The non-restriction to implementation method.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also do on the basis of the above description Go out the change or variation of other multi-forms.There is no need and unable to be exhaustive to all of implementation method.And thus drawn Obvious change that Shen goes out or among changing still in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of new gas-based shaft kiln prepares the system of sponge iron, including to carry hydrogen production device, heater, gas-based shaft kiln, gas net Change unit, it is characterised in that
The hydrogen production device that carries has purification top gas entrance, hydrogen outlet, rich CO gas outlet;
There is the heater mixed gas entrance, cooling tail-gas entrance, hot also Primordial Qi to export;The mixed gas enter Mouth is connected with the hydrogen outlet for carrying hydrogen production device by reducing gas pipe;
The gas-based shaft kiln is made up of the reduction section on top and the cooling section of bottom, is aoxidized with hot also Primordial Qi entrance, rich one Carbon gas access, acid pellet entrance, top gas outlet, cooling tail-gas outlet;The hot also Primordial Qi entrance adds with described The hot also Primordial Qi outlet connection of thermal, the rich carbon monoxide gas inlet and the rich carbon monoxide gas for carrying hydrogen production device Body outlet connection, the cooling tail-gas outlet is connected with the cooling tail-gas entrance of the heater;
There is the gas purification units top gas entrance, purification top gas to export;The top gas entrance is perpendicular with the gas base The top gas outlet connection of stove, the purification top gas outlet is connected with the purification top gas entrance for carrying hydrogen production device, also, The purification top gas outlet is connected with the mixed gas outlet of the heater by the reducing gas pipe.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gas purification units include the water scrubber being sequentially connected And/or gas-liquid separation device and/or compressor and/or desulfurization and decarburization device.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rich carbon monoxide gas inlet has two, respectively It is arranged at more than the bottom of the cooling section and the cooling section bottom 1/3~1/2;The cooling tail-gas outlet is arranged on The top of the cooling section.
4. the method that a kind of described systems of one of utilization claim 1-3 prepare sponge iron, it is characterised in that including step:
Gas-based shaft kiln prepares sponge iron:There is reduction reaction in hot also Primordial Qi and acid pellet, obtain sponge in gas-based shaft kiln Iron;
Top gas and cooling tail-gas are recycled:After the hot also Primordial Qi generation reduction reaction, as top gas from gas The top output of base shaft furnace, is purified top gas, by 30~50% volume ratios after then being processed through the gas purification units Purification top gas feeding it is described carry hydrogen production device, hydrogen and richness CO gas are obtained, by the rich carbon monoxide Gas is exchanged heat in sending into the cooling section with the sponge iron, and the cooling tail-gas for obtaining are exported into the heater Burnt as fuel.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the temperature of the cooling tail-gas is 450~600 DEG C.
6. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the temperature of the rich CO gas is 35~55 DEG C; Volume accounting >=70% of carbon monoxide in the rich CO gas.
7. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the temperature when top gas is exported from the top of gas-based shaft kiln Spend is 350~550 DEG C.
8. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that H in the top gas2The top gas is accounted for the volume of CO The percentage of cumulative volume is 60~75%.
9. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that H in the hot also Primordial Qi2The heat is accounted for the volume of CO Percentage >=90% of state also Primordial Qi cumulative volume.
10. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the hot also Primordial Qi by fresh also Primordial Qi, described carry hydrogen After the purification top gas mixing of the hydrogen, 50~70% volume ratios of device output, and obtained via the heating devices heat Arrive.
CN201611185879.7A 2016-12-20 2016-12-20 Novel system and novel method for preparing sponge iron through gas-based shaft kiln Pending CN106702065A (en)

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CN111270037A (en) * 2020-04-05 2020-06-12 上海泰普星坦新材料有限公司 System and process method for producing sponge iron by directly reducing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas
CN111270036A (en) * 2020-04-05 2020-06-12 上海泰普星坦新材料有限公司 System and process method for producing sponge iron by direct reduction of hydrogen energy
CN111926135A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-11-13 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 Hydrogen-based shaft furnace direct reduction system and reduction method
CN111926135B (en) * 2020-07-14 2022-03-29 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 Hydrogen-based shaft furnace direct reduction system and reduction method

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