CN104087700A - Method and system for preparing sponge iron by using gas-based shaft furnace - Google Patents
Method and system for preparing sponge iron by using gas-based shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN104087700A CN104087700A CN201410345209.1A CN201410345209A CN104087700A CN 104087700 A CN104087700 A CN 104087700A CN 201410345209 A CN201410345209 A CN 201410345209A CN 104087700 A CN104087700 A CN 104087700A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 283
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 wherein Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing sponge iron by using a gas-based shaft furnace. The method comprises the following steps of (1) adding an oxidized pellet into the gas-based shaft furnace, wherein the gas-based shaft furnace is provided with a reducing section and a cooling section; (2) carrying out hydrogen extraction treatment on first reducing gas to obtain hydrogen and carbon monoxide enriched gas; (3) mixing second reducing gas and hydrogen, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain heat-state reducing gas; (4) delivering the heat-state reducing gas into the reducing section, and enabling the heat-state reducing gas and the oxidized pellet to be subjected to reduction reaction to obtain sponge iron and top gas; (5) delivering the carbon monoxide enriched gas into the cooling section to ensure that the carbon monoxide enriched gas upwards enters the reducing section after being subjected to heat exchange and carburization reaction with the sponge iron in the cooling section; (6) sequentially and respectively carrying out washing and cooling treatment, compression treatment as well as desulfuration and decarburization treatment on the top gas to obtain unreacted reducing gas; and (7) mixing the unreacted reducing gas and the second reducing gas. By using the method, the energy consumption of a direct reducing process of the gas-based shaft furnace can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, particularly, the present invention relates to the method that gas-based shaft kiln is prepared sponge iron.
Background technology
Sponge iron is the steelmaking feed that replaces steel scrap and be better than steel scrap, can dilute impurity element components in steel scrap, for Electric furnace steel making provides requisite pure iron material, and then for high-end equipment Manufacturing production staple product provides high-quality billet cast piece, be the important raw and processed materials of development equipment manufacture.
At present, more than 75% sponge iron adopts gas-based shaft kiln method to produce in the world, and wherein typical technique is MIDREX technique, HYL III (Energiron) technique and PERED technique.The discharge method of sponge iron has two kinds, and hot wafering (HBI) and hot sponge iron (HDRI) are produced in instant heating discharging, and cold discharging production cold conditions sponge iron (CDRI).The product of hot discharging is only suitable for the very near large-scale synthesis iron and steel enterprise of direct-reduction ironworks and electric furnace factory distance, and most direct-reduction factory does not possess this condition, and the therefore cold discharging of product needed, avoids sponge iron to reoxidize, to ensure the quality of sponge iron.This method is taked to pass into cooling gas at shaft furnace bottom cooling section, sponge iron is cooled to 50 DEG C and discharges below again.Carry out carburizing at cooling section, to alleviate the energy consumption burden of molten subdivision simultaneously.
Shaft furnace cooling section is realized cooling of sponge iron by equipment such as cooling washing tower and compressors.The Sweet natural gas of room temperature and circulation cooled coal gas mix, and after compressor pressurization, enter cooling section bottom, carry out heat exchange, and carry out carburization reaction in gas uphill process with the sponge iron of from top to bottom motion.Then, the cold gas that has absorbed sponge iron heat is got rid of by cooling section top, after cooling washing tower, mixes with supplementary Sweet natural gas, after compressor pressurization, again enters cooling section bottom, forms cold gas partial circulating.There is four problems in this method: (1) is because reducing gas enters shaft furnace from reduction section bottom, and the sensible heat of sponge iron is not utilized, and therefore reducing gas heating installation scale is large, energy consumption is high.(2) reducing gas enters shaft furnace from reduction section bottom bustle pipe, and reducing gas is difficult to arrive shaft furnace center, reducing gas stream skewness.(3) element sulphur in iron ore easily enters vertical furnace top gas, and recycle vertical furnace top gas need to add desulfurizer.(4) due to H in circulating cooling gas
2the value of/carbon monoxide is higher, and in gas, carbon monoxide content is lower, and carburizing sponge iron effect is not very good.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve at least to a certain extent one of technical problem in correlation technique.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method that gas-based shaft kiln is prepared sponge iron.Utilize the method and system can effectively reduce the energy consumption of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technique, reducing gas air-flow is distributed and uniformity of temperature profile, alleviate the burden of vertical furnace top gas sweetener, increase the carburizing amount of sponge iron, several large subject matter in the existing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced techniques such as the energy consumption of the molten division technique of reduction.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method that gas-based shaft kiln is prepared sponge iron, comprising:
(1) in described gas-based shaft kiln, add acid pellet, wherein, described gas-based shaft kiln has reduction section and cooling section, and described reduction section is positioned at the top of described cooling section;
(2) the first reducing gas is proposed to hydrogen processing, to obtain hydrogen and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas;
(3) the second reducing gas and described hydrogen are mixed and carry out heat treated, to obtain hot reducing gas;
(4) described hot reducing gas is delivered in described gas-based shaft kiln from described reduction section, made described hot reducing gas and described acid pellet generation reduction reaction, to obtain sponge iron and top gas;
(5) described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered in described gas-based shaft kiln from described cooling section, to make described sponge iron in described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas and described cooling section carry out heat exchange and carburization reaction enters described reduction section and carries out described reduction reaction on backward;
(6) described top gas is carried out respectively to wash cooling processing, processed compressed and desulfurization and decarburization processing successively, to obtain unreacted reducing gas;
(7) carrying out step (3) before, by mixing with described the second reducing gas of the described unreacted reducing gas obtaining in step (6).
Therefore, the method of utilizing the above embodiment of the present invention gas-based shaft kiln to prepare sponge iron can effectively reduce the energy consumption of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technique, reducing gas air-flow is distributed and uniformity of temperature profile, alleviate the burden of vertical furnace top gas sweetener, increase the carburizing amount of sponge iron, several large subject matter in the existing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced techniques such as the energy consumption of the molten division technique of reduction.
In addition, the method that gas-based shaft kiln according to the above embodiment of the present invention is prepared sponge iron can also have following additional technical characterictic:
In some embodiments of the invention, in the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas obtaining in step (2), carbon monoxide content is not less than 70 volume %.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature that enters the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas of described reduction section in step (5) is 850～900 degrees Celsius.Can directly enter thus reduction section and carry out reduction reaction, can also improve the air temperature and current distribution consistency degree in reduction section, improve the quality of products.
The temperature of the described hot reducing gas obtaining in step (3) in some embodiments of the invention, is 900～1000 degrees Celsius.More traditionally thus reducing gas need to be heated to 1050～1200 degrees Celsius and more save energy consumption.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (5), described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered in described gas-based shaft kiln from the contiguous bottom of described cooling section.Can further improve thus and fully the contacting of sponge iron, to fully carry out heat exchange and carburization reaction.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the invention allows for the system that a kind of gas-based shaft kiln is prepared sponge iron, comprising:
Gas-based shaft kiln, described gas-based shaft kiln has opening for feed, discharge gate and top gas outlet, described gas-based shaft kiln has reduction chamber and is positioned at the cooling chamber of described reduction chamber below, and wherein, described reduction chamber has reducing gas import, described cooling chamber has cold gas import;
Carry hydrogen production device, described in carry hydrogen production device and there is inlet mouth, hydrogen outlet and the outlet of rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas, described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas outlet is connected with the cold gas import of described cooling chamber;
Process furnace, carries described in described process furnace is arranged between hydrogen production device and described gas-based shaft kiln, and is connected with the reducing gas import of described hydrogen outlet and described reduction chamber respectively;
Wash cooling device, described wash cooling device is connected with described top gas outlet;
Compression set, described compression set is connected with described wash cooling device; And
Desulfurization and decarburization device, described desulfurization and decarburization device is connected with described process furnace with described compression set respectively.
Therefore, the system of utilizing the above embodiment of the present invention gas-based shaft kiln to prepare sponge iron can effectively reduce the energy consumption of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technique, reducing gas air-flow is distributed and uniformity of temperature profile, alleviate the burden of vertical furnace top gas sweetener, increase the carburizing amount of sponge iron, several large subject matter in the existing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced techniques such as the energy consumption of the molten division technique of reduction.Can also make full use of top gas, reduce the use of reducing gas, reduce energy consumption simultaneously.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bottom of the contiguous described cooling chamber of described cold gas import.Can fully carry out cooling to sponge iron thus.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that gas-based shaft kiln is prepared the schema of the method for sponge iron according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that gas-based shaft kiln is prepared the structure iron of the system of sponge iron according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment being described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
The gas-based shaft kiln of describing the embodiment of the present invention below with reference to Fig. 1 is prepared the method for sponge iron.The method that gas-based shaft kiln is prepared sponge iron according to an embodiment of the invention comprises:
(1) in described gas-based shaft kiln, add acid pellet, wherein, gas-based shaft kiln has reduction section and cooling section, and reduction section is positioned at the top of cooling section;
(2) the first reducing gas is proposed to hydrogen processing, to obtain hydrogen and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas;
(3) by the second reducing gas with hydrogen mixes and carry out heat treated, to obtain hot reducing gas;
(4) hot reducing gas is delivered in gas-based shaft kiln from reduction section, made hot reducing gas and acid pellet generation reduction reaction, to obtain sponge iron and top gas;
(5) rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered in gas-based shaft kiln from cooling section, to make sponge iron in rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas and cooling section carry out heat exchange and carburization reaction enters reduction section and carries out reduction reaction on backward;
(6) described top gas is carried out respectively to wash cooling processing, processed compressed and desulfurization and decarburization processing successively, to obtain unreacted reducing gas;
(7) carrying out step (3) before, by mixing with described the second reducing gas of the described unreacted reducing gas obtaining in step (6).
First, the present invention is delivered in gas-based shaft kiln reducing gas being carried to rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas that hydrogen processing the obtains contiguous bottom as cooling gas from cooling section, and the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas being simultaneously preheated enters in reduction section for reduction reaction.Because the carbon monoxide content in rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is higher, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, in rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas, carbon monoxide content is not less than 70 volume %, and the specific heat capacity of carbon monoxide is H
21/10th, therefore cooling performance is better, CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is more easily preheated.On the other hand, rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas in cooling section further with sponge iron generation carburization reaction, the carburization reaction of carbon monoxide is thermopositive reaction, is more beneficial to the preheating of cooling gas.Therefore, cooling gas is at shaft furnace cooling section after thermal sponge iron preheating, and temperature can reach 850～900 DEG C, takes full advantage of the sensible heat of hot sponge iron, for energy consumption is saved in whole technical process.Because the temperature after cooling gas preheating is high, rich hydrogen reduction gas only need be heated to 900～1000 DEG C, just can form the temperature field that acid pellet reduction requires in reduction shaft furnace section, has further reduced the energy consumption of whole technical process.Again on the one hand, because the temperature of the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas through sponge iron preheating can reach 850～900 DEG C, can directly carry out reduction reaction after therefore entering reduction section.And rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is to enter reduction section from the little cooling section of diameter, can arrive hot reducing gas and be difficult for the reduction section central zone arriving, can make thus uniformity of temperature profile in reduction section, air-flow is evenly distributed, and is more beneficial to the control of quality product.
Secondly,, due to the cooling gas that adopts rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas as cooling section, be more beneficial to sponge iron generation carburization reaction in cooling section, therefore can significantly improve the carbon content of sponge iron, can meet higher carbon containing requirement, thereby reduce follow-up molten divisional processing burden, reduce energy consumption.According to specific embodiment of the invention, in step (5), rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered in described gas-based shaft kiln from the contiguous bottom of cooling section.Can contact with sponge iron fully thus carburization reaction occurs, reduce the problem of sponge iron simultaneously, improve the temperature of carbon monoxide self.
The 3rd, due to the cooling gas that adopts rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas as cooling section, in improving sponge iron carbon content, consume the carbon monoxide in more cold gas, and then can reduce the carbon monoxide content of the reducing gas in whole gas-based shaft kiln, can also utilize the katalysis of metallic iron in cooling section simultaneously, the methane gas in catalytic pyrolysis cold gas, and then gas is reformed, further improve the H of the reducing gas in reduction section
2/ CO ratio, finally improves reduction reaction efficiency.
Therefore, the method of utilizing the above embodiment of the present invention gas-based shaft kiln to prepare sponge iron can effectively reduce the energy consumption of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technique, reducing gas air-flow is distributed and uniformity of temperature profile, alleviate the burden of vertical furnace top gas sweetener, increase the carburizing amount of sponge iron, several large subject matter in the existing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced techniques such as the energy consumption of the molten division technique of reduction.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the first and second reducing gass in above-mentioned steps (2) and step (3) can be reformed gas and the gas maked coal of Sweet natural gas, coke-oven gas or coal-seam gas, H wherein
2be not less than 90 volume % with the total content of carbon monoxide.Utilize thus further reduction reaction efficiency of this reducing gas, to further improve efficiency and the productive rate of preparing cavernous body.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, entering what in reduction section, first carry out reduction reaction is the hot reducing gas of the mixing that contains the second reducing gas and hydrogen after heating, hydrogen wherein and carbon monoxide ratio are higher, can further improve thus reduction reaction efficiency.First enter after cooling section through putting forward the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas that hydrogen processing obtains simultaneously, can consume part carbon monoxide with sponge iron generation carburization reaction, occur that high temperature carbon monoxide after carburization reaction and preheating can upwards enter in reduction section so with contain mixing of the second reducing gas and hydrogen hot reducing gas and again mix and carry out reduction reaction, because carburization reaction has consumed a part of carbon monoxide, and then make finally to enter H in the total reducing gas in reduction section
2being not less than under the prerequisite of 90 volume %, make H with the total content of carbon monoxide
2/ CO ratio is also improved, and then more contributes to improve reduction reaction efficiency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, in step (3), only the second reducing gas and hydrogen need be mixed and is heated to 900～1000 degrees Celsius and obtain hot reducing gas, and the temperature of traditional reducing gas for gas-based shaft kiln reduction reaction need to reach 1050～1200 degrees Celsius even higher, the method that therefore gas-based shaft kiln of the above embodiment of the present invention is prepared sponge iron is saved energy consumption more.This is because the temperature of the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas through sponge iron preheating can reach 850～900 DEG C, after not only entering reduction section, can directly carry out reduction reaction, and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is to enter reduction section from the little cooling section of diameter, can arrive hot reducing gas and be difficult for the reduction section central zone arriving, can make thus uniformity of temperature profile in reduction section, air-flow is evenly distributed, reduction reaction is more easily carried out, therefore the temperature of the hot reducing gas of reduction section is without too high, and then significantly saves energy consumption.And traditional reducing gas is to enter from gas-based shaft kiln reduction section to be difficult to arrive the central zone of reduction section, easily cause reaction not exclusively, quality product is wayward, therefore need to be heated to 1000 degrees Celsius with on improve reduction reaction degree.
As shown in Figure 1, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned gas-based shaft kiln is prepared in the method for sponge iron:
(6) top gas obtaining in step (4) is carried out respectively to wash cooling processing, processed compressed and desulfurization and decarburization processing successively, to obtain unreacted reducing gas.
(7) carrying out step (3) before, by mixing with the second reducing gas of the unreacted reducing gas obtaining in step (6).
Thus top gas is made full use of, unreacted reducing gas avoids waste.In addition, by the control to top gas decarburization link, making CO2 removal rate is 85%～95%, can avoid shaft furnace cooling section to analyse carbon in a large number and the pelletizing pulverizing problem that causes, and the height that reduces gaseous tension and absorption inner-tower filling material, has reduced production cost.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, for compressor is normally worked, top gas is below 50 degrees Celsius through wash cooling temperature after treatment.Common the first and second reducing gas temperature are also below 50 degrees Celsius.Therefore, the rich carbon monoxide gas temperature that enters cooling section is also below 50 degrees Celsius, and then can carry out cooling to the high-temperature sponge iron in cooling section.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the unreacted reducing gas obtaining in above-mentioned top gas can also be prepared to sponge iron for gas-based shaft kiln.Particularly, can unreacted reducing gas be filled in reduction section or in cooling section or fill into respectively in reduction section and cooling section.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of gas-based shaft kiln and prepare the system of sponge iron, the system that the gas-based shaft kiln of describing the embodiment of the present invention below with reference to Fig. 2 is prepared sponge iron comprises: gas-based shaft kiln 100, carry hydrogen production device 200, process furnace 300, wash cooling device 400, compression set 500 and desulfurization and decarburization device 600.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, gas-based shaft kiln 100 has opening for feed 101, discharge gate 102 and top gas outlet 103, gas-based shaft kiln 100 has reduction chamber 110 and is positioned at the cooling chamber 120 of reduction chamber 110 belows, wherein, reduction chamber 110 has reducing gas import 104, cooling chamber has cold gas import 105; Carry hydrogen production device 200 and have inlet mouth 201, hydrogen outlet 202 and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas outlet 203, rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas outlet 203 is connected with the cold gas import 105 of cooling chamber; And process furnace 300 is arranged on and carries between hydrogen production device 200 and gas-based shaft kiln 100, and be connected with the reducing gas import 104 of reduction chamber with hydrogen outlet 202 respectively.
First, gas-based shaft kiln is according to the abovementioned embodiments of the present invention prepared the system of sponge iron, can first utilize and carry hydrogen production device 200 reducing gas is carried to rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas and the hydrogen that hydrogen processing obtains, and the contiguous bottom from gas-based shaft kiln cooling section is delivered in gas-based shaft kiln using rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas as cooling gas, the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas being preheated in cooling section enters and in reduction section, continues on for reduction reaction.Carry hydrogen processing obtain hydrogen together heated with reducing gas after for the reduction reaction in reduction section.Because the specific heat capacity of carbon monoxide is H
21/10th, therefore adopt that to put forward the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas that hydrogen production device processing obtains better as the cooling performance of cooling gas, CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is more easily preheated simultaneously.On the other hand, rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas also can be further and sponge iron generation carburization reaction in cooling section, and the carburization reaction of carbon monoxide is thermopositive reaction, is more beneficial to the preheating of cooling gas.Therefore, cooling gas is at shaft furnace cooling section after thermal sponge iron preheating, and temperature can reach 850～900 DEG C, takes full advantage of the sensible heat of hot sponge iron, for energy consumption is saved in whole technical process.Because the temperature after cooling gas preheating is high, rich hydrogen reduction gas only need be heated to 900～1000 DEG C, just can form the temperature field that acid pellet reduction requires in reduction shaft furnace section, has further reduced the energy consumption of whole technical process.Again on the one hand, because the temperature of the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas through sponge iron preheating can reach 850～900 DEG C, can directly carry out reduction reaction after therefore entering reduction section.And rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is to enter reduction section from the little cooling section of diameter, can arrive hot reducing gas and be difficult for the reduction section central zone arriving, can make thus uniformity of temperature profile in reduction section, air-flow is evenly distributed, and is more beneficial to the control of quality product.
Secondly, rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas that hydrogen production device processing the obtains cooling gas as cooling section is carried in employing, more be beneficial to sponge iron generation carburization reaction in cooling section, therefore can significantly improve the carbon content of sponge iron, can meet higher carbon containing requirement, thereby reduce follow-up molten divisional processing burden, reduce energy consumption.
The 3rd, the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas of employing that hydrogen production device processing the obtains cooling gas as cooling section is carried in employing, in improving sponge iron carbon content, can consume the carbon monoxide in more cold gas, and then can reduce the carbon monoxide content of the reducing gas in whole gas-based shaft kiln, can also utilize the katalysis of metallic iron in cooling section simultaneously, the methane gas in catalytic pyrolysis cold gas, and then gas is reformed, further improve the H of the reducing gas in reduction section
2/ CO ratio, finally improves reduction reaction efficiency.
Therefore, the system of utilizing the above embodiment of the present invention gas-based shaft kiln to prepare sponge iron can effectively reduce the energy consumption of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technique, reducing gas air-flow is distributed and uniformity of temperature profile, alleviate the burden of vertical furnace top gas sweetener, increase the carburizing amount of sponge iron, several large subject matter in the existing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced techniques such as the energy consumption of the molten division technique of reduction.
As shown in Figure 2, the wash cooling device 400 that gas-based shaft kiln according to the above embodiment of the present invention is prepared in the system of sponge iron is connected with top gas outlet 103, compression set 500 wash cooling devices 400 are connected, and compression set 500 is connected with desulfurization and decarburization device 600.Can carry out wash cooling processing, processed compressed and desulfurization and decarburization processing to top gas respectively thus, obtain unreacted reducing gas.Thus can be to purifying from the top gas of reduction section 110 interior discharges and desulfurization and decarburization processing by said apparatus, and then obtain unreacted reducing gas.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the unreacted reducing gas that desulfurization and decarburization device can also be discharged is prepared sponge iron for gas-based shaft kiln.
For example, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, desulfurization and decarburization device 600 is connected with process furnace 300.And then unreacted reducing gas can be delivered to process furnace 300 interior heated after for the reduction reaction in reduction section.Make full use of thus unreacted reducing gas in top gas and can save partial reduction gas, save energy consumption, reduce costs.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the bottom of cold gas import 105 contiguous cooling chamber 120.Can enter the contiguous bottom from cooling chamber 120 rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas as cold gas thus, can make thus sponge iron to contact with carbon monoxide fully, improve cooling performance and carburizing effect.
Embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, fresh reducing gas is divided into two portions, a part is carried hydrogen production device through gas, this part gas is divided into hydrogen and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas, another part of hydrogen wherein and fresh reducing gas is together passed into gas heating stove and be heated to 900～1000 degrees Celsius, then enter in reduction shaft furnace section and carry out reduction reaction with the acid pellet entering from shaft furnace top from the bustle pipe of reduction shaft furnace section bottom.Rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas, from passing into shaft furnace cooling section bottom, is carried out heat exchange with hot sponge iron, and sponge iron is cooled to, below 50 DEG C, carry out carburization reaction simultaneously and consume a part of carbon monoxide in shaft furnace cooling section.This part rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is heated to 850～900 degrees Celsius in the cooling section of shaft furnace, and continuation upwards flows into reduction section, and the rich hydrogen thermal reduction gas entering with bustle pipe in reduction section mixes, common reduction-oxidation pelletizing, the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas that enters reduction section from cooling section can arrive the central zone of reduction section, and then can make the air temperature and current in reduction section be evenly distributed, reduction reaction is easily carried out.
The top gas producing in reduction section is discharged from the outlet of vertical furnace top gas.The top gas of discharge is carried out after wash cooling processing, processed compressed and desulfurization and decarburization are processed obtaining unreacted reducing gas, unreacted reducing gas is passed in process furnace, for the reduction reaction in reduction section.Save the fresh reducing gas of part.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinally ", " laterally ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axially ", " radially ", orientation or the position relationship of instructions such as " circumferentially " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of device or the element of instruction or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " be only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity that indicates indicated technical characterictic.Thus, one or more these features can be expressed or impliedly be comprised to the feature that is limited with " first ", " second ".In description of the invention, the implication of " multiple " is two or more, unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and for example, can be to be fixedly connected with, and can be also to removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, can be also electrical connection; Can be to be directly connected, also can indirectly be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, First Characteristic Second Characteristic " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary indirect contact.And, First Characteristic Second Characteristic " on ", " top " and " above " but First Characteristic directly over Second Characteristic or oblique upper, or only represent that First Characteristic level height is higher than Second Characteristic.First Characteristic Second Characteristic " under ", " below " and " below " can be First Characteristic under Second Characteristic or tiltedly, or only represent that First Characteristic level height is less than Second Characteristic.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the feature of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, to the schematic statement of above-mentioned term needn't for be identical embodiment or example.And, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can one or more embodiment in office or example in suitable mode combination.In addition,, not conflicting in the situation that, those skilled in the art can carry out combination and combination by the feature of the different embodiment that describe in this specification sheets or example and different embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, amendment, replacement and modification.
Claims (7)
1. gas-based shaft kiln is prepared a method for sponge iron, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) in described gas-based shaft kiln, add acid pellet, wherein, described gas-based shaft kiln has reduction section and cooling section, and described reduction section is positioned at the top of described cooling section;
(2) the first reducing gas is proposed to hydrogen processing, to obtain hydrogen and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas;
(3) the second reducing gas and described hydrogen are mixed and carry out heat treated, to obtain hot reducing gas;
(4) described hot reducing gas is delivered in described gas-based shaft kiln from described reduction section, made described hot reducing gas and described acid pellet generation reduction reaction, to obtain sponge iron and top gas;
(5) described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered in described gas-based shaft kiln from described cooling section, to make described sponge iron in described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas and described cooling section carry out heat exchange and carburization reaction enters described reduction section and carries out described reduction reaction on backward;
(6) described top gas is carried out respectively to wash cooling processing, processed compressed and desulfurization and decarburization processing successively, to obtain unreacted reducing gas;
(7) carrying out step (3) before, by mixing with described the second reducing gas of the described unreacted reducing gas obtaining in step (6).
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas obtaining in step (2), carbon monoxide content is not less than 70 volume %.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature that enters the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas of described reduction section in step (5) is 850～900 degrees Celsius.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature of the described hot reducing gas obtaining in step (3) is 900～1000 degrees Celsius.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (5), described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered in described gas-based shaft kiln from the contiguous bottom of described cooling section.
6. gas-based shaft kiln is prepared a system for sponge iron, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Gas-based shaft kiln, described gas-based shaft kiln has opening for feed, discharge gate and top gas outlet, described gas-based shaft kiln has reduction chamber and is positioned at the cooling chamber of described reduction chamber below, and wherein, described reduction chamber has reducing gas import, described cooling chamber has cold gas import;
Carry hydrogen production device, described in carry hydrogen production device and there is inlet mouth, hydrogen outlet and the outlet of rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas, described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas outlet is connected with the cold gas import of described cooling chamber;
Process furnace, carries described in described process furnace is arranged between hydrogen production device and described gas-based shaft kiln, and is connected with the reducing gas import of described hydrogen outlet and described reduction chamber respectively;
Wash cooling device, described wash cooling device is connected with described top gas outlet;
Compression set, described compression set is connected with described wash cooling device; And
Desulfurization and decarburization device, described desulfurization and decarburization device is connected with described process furnace with described compression set respectively.
7. system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the bottom of the contiguous described cooling chamber of described cold gas import.
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| CN104451017A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Carburizing process for vanadium titano-magnetite direct reduced iron through shaft furnace |
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| CN106834581A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-06-13 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of top gas of reduction shaft furnace production sponge iron utilizes system and method |
| CN107008918A (en) * | 2017-06-03 | 2017-08-04 | 赣州鼎盛炉业有限公司 | It is a kind of to use simultaneously along inverse supply hydrogen multi-tube furnace |
| CN109971906A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-05 | 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司 | A kind of restoring method of ultralow carbon emission production sponge iron |
| CN113874532A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-12-31 | 格林艾恩H2公司 | Method and apparatus for producing direct reduced metal |
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| CN106834581A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-06-13 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of top gas of reduction shaft furnace production sponge iron utilizes system and method |
| CN107008918A (en) * | 2017-06-03 | 2017-08-04 | 赣州鼎盛炉业有限公司 | It is a kind of to use simultaneously along inverse supply hydrogen multi-tube furnace |
| CN113874532A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-12-31 | 格林艾恩H2公司 | Method and apparatus for producing direct reduced metal |
| CN109971906A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-05 | 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司 | A kind of restoring method of ultralow carbon emission production sponge iron |
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