CN104087702B - Method and system for preparing sponge iron by using gas-based shaft furnace - Google Patents
Method and system for preparing sponge iron by using gas-based shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN104087702B CN104087702B CN201410345644.4A CN201410345644A CN104087702B CN 104087702 B CN104087702 B CN 104087702B CN 201410345644 A CN201410345644 A CN 201410345644A CN 104087702 B CN104087702 B CN 104087702B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 225
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009687 sponge iron process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and system for preparing sponge iron by using a gas-based shaft furnace. The method for preparing sponge iron by using the gas-based shaft furnace comprises the following steps of (1) adding an oxidized pellet into the gas-based shaft furnace, wherein the gas-based shaft furnace is provided with a reducing section and a cooling section, and the reducing section is located above the cooling section; (2) carrying out hydrogen extraction treatment on reducing gas to obtain hydrogen and carbon monoxide enriched gas; (3) mixing a part of carbon monoxide enriched gas and hydrogen, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain heat-state reducing gas; (4) delivering the heat-state reducing gas from the reducing section to the inside of the gas-based shaft furnace, and enabling the heat-state reducing gas and the oxidized pellet to be subjected to reduction reaction to obtain sponge iron and top gas; and (5) delivering the other part of carbon monoxide enriched gas from the position adjacent to the bottom end of the cooling section to the inside of the gas-based shaft furnace to ensure that the carbon monoxide enriched gas upwards enters the reducing section and is subjected to reduction reaction after being subjected to heat exchange and carburization reaction with the sponge iron in the cooling section. By using the method, the energy consumption of a direct reducing process of the gas-based shaft furnace can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, specifically, the present invention relates to gas-based shaft kiln prepare the method for sponge iron and
System.
Background technology
Sponge iron is that instead of steel scrap and better than the steelmaking feed of steel scrap, can dilute impurity element components in steel scrap, is electric furnace
Steel-making provides requisite pure iron material, and then provides the casting of high-quality base for high-end equipment Manufacturing production staple product
Part, is the important raw and processed materials for developing equipment manufacture.
At present, in the world more than 75% sponge iron is produced using gas-based shaft kiln method, wherein typical technique is MIDREX
Technique, (Energiron) techniques of HYL III and PERED techniques.The discharge method of sponge iron has two kinds, i.e., hot discharging production hot pressing
Block (HBI) and hot sponge iron (HDRI), and cold discharging production cold conditions sponge iron (CDRI).The product of heat discharging is only suitable for directly
Reduction ironworks and electric furnace factory are connect apart from close large-scale synthesis iron and steel enterprise, and most direct-reduction factories do not possess this bar
Part, therefore the cold discharging of product needed, it is to avoid sponge iron is reoxidized, to ensure the quality of sponge iron.This method is taken in shaft furnace
Bottom cooling section is passed through cooling gas, sponge iron is cooled to into less than 50 DEG C and is then exhausted from.Simultaneously carburizing is carried out in cooling section, to subtract
The energy consumption burden of light molten subdivision.
Shaft furnace cooling section realizes cooling for sponge iron by cooling down the equipment such as scrubbing tower and compressor.Room temperature it is natural
Gas and circulation cooled coal gas mixing, Jing compressor pressurization after enter cooling section bottom, in gas uphill process with from top to bottom transport
Dynamic sponge iron carries out heat exchange, and carries out carburization reaction.Then, the cooling gas of sponge iron heat is absorbed by cooling section top
Exclude, Jing after cooling scrubbing tower, mix with supplementary natural gas, be again introduced into cooling down pars infrasegmentalis Jing after compressor pressurization, formed
Cooling gas partial circulating.This method has four：(1) because reducing gas enters shaft furnace from reduction section bottom, and sponge
The sensible heat of ferrum is not obtained by, therefore also Primordial Qi firing equipment scale is big, high energy consumption.(2) reducing gas is from reduction section bottom
Bustle pipe enters shaft furnace, and reducing gas is difficult to reach shaft furnace center, and reduction air flow method is uneven.(3) element sulphur in iron ore
Shaft furnace top gas is easily accessible, recycling shaft furnace top gas needs to add desulfurizer.(4) due to H in circulating cooling gas2/
The value of carbon monoxide is higher, and than relatively low, carburizing sponge iron effect is not very good to carbon monoxide content in gas.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solving one of technical problem in correlation technique to a certain extent.For this purpose, the present invention
One purpose is to propose that a kind of gas-based shaft kiln prepares the system that the method and gas-based shaft kiln of sponge iron prepare sponge iron.Using this
Method and system can effectively reduce the energy consumption of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technique, make also Primordial Qi air flow method and Temperature Distribution equal
It is even, mitigate the burden of shaft furnace top gas desulphurization plant, increase the carburizing amount of sponge iron, reduce the existing gas such as the energy consumption of molten division technique
Several big subject matter in based shaft kiln directly reduced technique.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method that gas-based shaft kiln prepares sponge iron, including：
(1) acid pellet is added into the gas-based shaft kiln, wherein, the gas-based shaft kiln has reduction section and cooling section,
The reduction section is located at the top of the cooling section；
(2) reducing gas is carried out proposing hydrogen process, to obtain hydrogen and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas；
(3) part for the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is mixed and is carried out heat treated with the hydrogen, to obtain
Hot also Primordial Qi；
(4) the hot also Primordial Qi is delivered in the gas-based shaft kiln from the reduction section, make the hot also Primordial Qi with
There is reduction reaction in the acid pellet, to obtain sponge iron and top gas；And
(5) another part of the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered to into the gas base from the neighbouring bottom of the cooling section
In shaft furnace, to make the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas carry out heat exchange and carburization reaction with the sponge iron in the cooling section
After be upwardly into the reduction section and carry out the reduction reaction.
Therefore, the method for preparing sponge iron using the above embodiment of the present invention gas-based shaft kiln can effectively reduce gas-based shaft kiln
The energy consumption of direct-reduction technique, makes also Primordial Qi air flow method and uniformity of temperature profile, mitigates the negative of shaft furnace top gas desulphurization plant
Load, increases the carburizing amount of sponge iron, reduces several big master in the existing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced techniques such as the energy consumption of molten division technique
Want problem.
In addition, the method that gas-based shaft kiln according to the above embodiment of the present invention prepares sponge iron can also have following adding
Technical characteristic：
In some embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned gas-based shaft kiln prepares the method for sponge iron and further includes：
(6) top gas obtained in step (4) is carried out respectively successively wash cooling process, compression process and first
Desulfurization and decarburization process, to obtain unreacted also Primordial Qi.
In some embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned gas-based shaft kiln prepares the method for sponge iron and further includes：
(7) before step (2) is carried out, by the described unreacted also Primordial Qi obtained in step (6) and the reduction
Gas mixing.
In some embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned gas-based shaft kiln prepares the method for sponge iron and further includes：
(8) the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas obtained in step (2) are carried out into the second desulfurization and decarburization process.
In some embodiments of the invention, carbon monoxide contains in the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas for obtaining in step (2)
Amount is not less than 70 volumes %.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the described hot also Primordial Qi for obtaining in step (3) is 900～1000
Degree Celsius.Thus also Primordial Qi is heated to 1050～1200 degrees Celsius and more saves energy consumption by more traditional needs.
In some embodiments of the invention, the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas of the reduction section are entered in step (5)
Temperature is 850～900 degrees Celsius.It is possible thereby to being directly entered reduction section carries out reduction reaction, can also improve in reduction section
Air temperature and current distribution consistency degree, improve product quality.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the present invention proposes the system that a kind of gas-based shaft kiln prepares sponge iron, including：
Gas-based shaft kiln, the gas-based shaft kiln has the outlet of charging aperture, discharge gate and top gas, and the gas-based shaft kiln has also
Former chamber and the cooling chamber below the reduction chamber, wherein, the reduction chamber has also Primordial Qi import, described cold
But chamber has air inlet；
Hydrogen production device is carried, there are the hydrogen production device that carries air inlet, hydrogen outlet and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas to export, described rich one
Carbon oxide gas outlet is connected with the cooling gas import of the cooling chamber, so as to by a part for the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
It is delivered to the cooling chamber；And
Heating furnace, the heating furnace be arranged on it is described carry between hydrogen production device and the gas-based shaft kiln, and respectively with the hydrogen
Gas outlet, rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas are exported and are connected with the also Primordial Qi import of the reduction chamber, so as to by the hydrogen and described
Another part of rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered to the reduction chamber after being heated.
Therefore, the system for preparing sponge iron using the above embodiment of the present invention gas-based shaft kiln can effectively reduce gas-based shaft kiln
The energy consumption of direct-reduction technique, makes also Primordial Qi air flow method and uniformity of temperature profile, mitigates the negative of shaft furnace top gas desulphurization plant
Load, increases the carburizing amount of sponge iron, reduces several big master in the existing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced techniques such as the energy consumption of molten division technique
Want problem.
In some embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned gas-based shaft kiln prepares the system of sponge iron and further includes：With it is described
Top gas outlet is sequentially connected and is respectively used to carry out top gas at wash cooling process, compression process and the first desulfurization and decarburization
Manage and obtain unreacted also the wash cooling device of Primordial Qi, compressor and the first desulfurization and decarburization device.It is possible thereby to by stove
Unreacted reduction air stripping in top gas is taken out to be recycled, and reduction prepares the cost of sponge iron.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first desulfurization and decarburization device and the also Primordial Qi import for carrying hydrogen production device
It is connected, to carry out proposing hydrogen process the unreacted also Primordial Qi.It is possible thereby to make full use of to top gas, reduce also
The use of raw-gas, reducing energy consumption.
In some embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned gas-based shaft kiln prepares the system of sponge iron and further includes：Second takes off
Sulfur decarbonization device, the second desulfurization and decarburization device is connected with the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas outlet for carrying hydrogen production device, to fit
In carrying out desulfurization and decarburization process to the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that gas-based shaft kiln according to an embodiment of the invention prepares sponge iron process.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that gas-based shaft kiln in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention prepares sponge iron process.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that gas-based shaft kiln according to an embodiment of the invention prepares sponge iron system.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that gas-based shaft kiln in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention prepares sponge iron system.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from start to finish
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention.
The method that the gas-based shaft kiln for describing the embodiment of the present invention below with reference to Fig. 1 prepares sponge iron.Reality of the invention
The gas-based shaft kiln for applying example prepares the method for sponge iron and includes：
(1) acid pellet is added into gas-based shaft kiln, wherein, gas-based shaft kiln has reduction section and cooling section, reduces section
In the top of the cooling section；
(2) reducing gas is carried out proposing hydrogen process, to obtain hydrogen and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas；
(3) part for rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is mixed and is carried out heat treated with hydrogen, to obtain hot reduction
Gas；
(4) hot also Primordial Qi is delivered in gas-based shaft kiln from reduction section, hot also Primordial Qi is occurred with the acid pellet
Reduction reaction, to obtain sponge iron and top gas；And
(5) another part of rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered in gas-based shaft kiln from the neighbouring bottom of cooling section, so as to
Rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas are made to carry out reduction section being upwardly into after heat exchange and carburization reaction and being carried out with the sponge iron in cooling section
Reduction reaction.
First, the present invention will reducing gas be carried out carrying hydrogen process the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas that obtain as cooling gas from
The neighbouring bottom of cooling section is delivered in gas-based shaft kiln, while the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas being preheated are entered in reduction section for also
Original reaction.Because the carbon monoxide content in rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is higher, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, rich one aoxidizes
Carbon monoxide content is not less than 70 volumes % in carbon gas, and the specific heat capacity of carbon monoxide is H21/10th, therefore cool down
More preferably, CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas are easier to be preheated effect.On the other hand, rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas in cooling section further with sea
There is carburization reaction in continuous ferrum, the carburization reaction of carbon monoxide is exothermic reaction, is more favorable for the preheating of cooling gas.Therefore, it is cold
But in shaft furnace cooling section Jing after thermal sponge iron preheating, temperature takes full advantage of hot sponge iron to gas up to 850～900 DEG C
Sensible heat, is that energy consumption is saved in whole technological process.Because the temperature after cooling gas preheating is high, hydrogen-rich also Primordial Qi only need to be heated to
900～1000 DEG C, it is possible to form the temperature field that acid pellet reduction is required in reduction shaft furnace section, further reduce whole work
The energy consumption of skill flow process.Another further aspect, 850 can be reached due to the temperature of the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas preheated through sponge iron～
900 DEG C, hence into can directly carry out reduction reaction after reduction section.And rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas are from the little cooling section of diameter
Into reduction section, the reduction section central area that hot also Primordial Qi is difficult to reach can be reached, it is possible thereby to make temperature in reduction section
It is evenly distributed, air flow method is uniform, is more favorable for the control of product quality.
Secondly as being more favorable for sponge in cooling section as the cooling gas of cooling section using rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
There is carburization reaction in ferrum, therefore can significantly improve the carbon content of sponge iron so as to disclosure satisfy that higher carbon containing requirement, so as to
Reduce molten point of follow-up processing load, reducing energy consumption.
3rd, as the cooling gas of cooling section, improving sponge iron carbon content due to using rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
Meanwhile, the carbon monoxides in more cooling gas are consumed, and then an oxygen of reducing gas in whole gas-based shaft kiln can be reduced
Change carbon content, while the catalytic action of metallic iron in cooling section can also be utilized, the methane gas in catalytic pyrolysiss cooling gas enters
And gas is reformed, further increase the H of the reducing gas in reduction section2/ CO ratios, it is final to improve reduction reaction effect
Rate.
Therefore, the method for preparing sponge iron using the above embodiment of the present invention gas-based shaft kiln can effectively reduce gas-based shaft kiln
The energy consumption of direct-reduction technique, makes also Primordial Qi air flow method and uniformity of temperature profile, mitigates the negative of shaft furnace top gas desulphurization plant
Load, increases the carburizing amount of sponge iron, reduces several big master in the existing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced techniques such as the energy consumption of molten division technique
Want problem.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the reducing gas in above-mentioned steps (2) can with natural gas, coke-stove gas or
The reformation gas of coal bed gas and coal gas, H therein290 volumes % are not less than with the total content of carbon monoxide.Thus utilizing should
Reducing gas can further reduction reaction efficiency, so that further raising prepares the efficiency and yield of spongy body.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen in the hot also Primordial Qi that reduction reaction is carried out in reduction section is initially entered
Gas is higher with carbon monoxide ratio, it is possible thereby to further improve reduction reaction efficiency.Process the richness for obtaining through carrying hydrogen simultaneously
CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas are initially entered after cooling section, and carburization reaction occurs with sponge iron can consume part carbon monoxide, and carburizing occurs
Reaction and the high temperature carbon monoxide after preheating can be upwardly in reduction section so that with the hot reduction of mixing containing a large amount of hydrogen
Gas mixes again and carries out reduction reaction, because carburization reaction consumes the carbon monoxide of a part, and then causes to eventually enter into
H in total also Primordial Qi in reduction section2With the total content of carbon monoxide on the premise of 90 volumes % are not less than so that H2/ CO ratios
Also it is improved, and then is more favorably improved reduction reaction efficiency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, in step (3), only need to be by a part for rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas and hydrogen
Mix and carry out to be heated to 900～1000 degrees Celsius and obtain hot also Primordial Qi, and be traditionally used for gas-based shaft kiln reduction reaction
The temperature of also Primordial Qi needs to reach 1050～1200 degrees Celsius of even more highs, therefore the gas-based shaft kiln system of the above embodiment of the present invention
The method of standby sponge iron more saves energy consumption.This is that the temperature of the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas due to preheating through sponge iron can reach
To 850～900 DEG C, not only enter and can directly carry out after reduction section reduction reaction, and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas are little from diameter
Cooling section enter reduction section, the reduction section central area that hot also Primordial Qi is difficult to reach can be reached, it is possible thereby to make reduction
Uniformity of temperature profile in section, air flow method is uniform, and reduction reaction is easier to make for, therefore the temperature of the hot also Primordial Qi of reduction section
Need not be too high, and then save significantly on energy consumption.And traditional also Primordial Qi is to enter to be difficult to reach reduction section from gas-based shaft kiln reduction section
Central area, be easily caused that reaction is incomplete, product quality is wayward, it is therefore desirable to be heated to more than 1000 degrees Celsius
Improve reduction reaction degree.
As shown in Fig. 2 according to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned gas-based shaft kiln prepares the method for sponge iron and further wraps
Include：
(6) top gas obtained in step (4) is carried out respectively successively wash cooling process, compression to process and the first desulfurization
Carbonization treatment, to obtain unreacted also Primordial Qi.
(7) before step (2) is carried out, by mixing with reducing gas for the unreacted also Primordial Qi obtained in step (6).
Thus top gas is made full use of, it is to avoid waste unreacted reducibility gas.Additionally, by top gas
The control of decarburization link, makes carbon dioxide eliminating rate be 85%～95%, and shaft furnace cooling section can be avoided to analyse carbon in a large number and cause
Pelletizing pulverizing problem, and reduce gas pressure and absorb inner-tower filling material height, reduce production cost.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature for compressor normal work, after the scrubbed cooling treatment of top gas
Spend for less than 50 degrees Celsius.Usual first and second reducing gas temperature is also less than 50 degrees Celsius.Therefore, into cooling section
Rich carbon monoxide gas temperature is also less than 50 degrees Celsius, and then the high-temperature sponge iron in cooling section can be cooled down.
As shown in Fig. 2 the method that gas-based shaft kiln according to the above embodiment of the present invention prepares sponge iron can be wrapped further
Include：
(8) the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas obtained in step (2) are carried out into the second desulfurization and decarburization process.It is possible thereby to further
Remove the gas such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas.And then reducing gas oxidizability and sulfur content are reduced, carry
High reduction reaction efficiency, improves the quality of product DRID.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the present invention proposes the system that a kind of gas-based shaft kiln prepares sponge iron, joins below
Examine Fig. 3 and describe the gas-based shaft kiln of the embodiment of the present invention and prepare the system of sponge iron and include：Gas-based shaft kiln 100, carry the and of hydrogen production device 200
Heating furnace 300.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, gas-based shaft kiln 100 has the outlet of charging aperture 101, discharge gate 102 and top gas
103, gas-based shaft kiln 100 has reduction chamber 110 and the cooling chamber 120 positioned at the lower section of reduction chamber 110, wherein, reduce chamber
There is also Primordial Qi import 104, cooling chamber to have cooling gas import 105 for room 110；
Hydrogen production device 200 is carried with air inlet 201, hydrogen outlet 202 and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas outlet 203, rich one aoxidizes
Carbon gas outlet 203 is connected with the cooling gas import 105 of cooling chamber, so that a part for rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered to
Cooling chamber；And
Heating furnace 300 is arranged on and carries between hydrogen production device 200 and gas-based shaft kiln 100, and respectively with hydrogen outlet 202, Fu Yi
Carbon oxide gas outlet 203 is connected with the also Primordial Qi import 104 of reduction chamber, so that hydrogen is another with rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
A part is delivered to reduction chamber 110 after being heated.
First, the system that gas-based shaft kiln according to the abovementioned embodiments of the present invention prepares sponge iron, can be first with carrying
Reducing gas is carried out carrying hydrogen and processes the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas and hydrogen that obtain by hydrogen production device 200, and by rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
It is delivered in gas-based shaft kiln from the neighbouring bottom of gas-based shaft kiln cooling section as cooling gas, the richness one being preheated in cooling section
Carbon oxide gas are upwardly in reduction section and continue on for reduction reaction.Due to the carbon monoxide content in rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
Higher, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, carbon monoxide content is not less than 70 volumes %, an and oxygen in rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
The specific heat capacity for changing carbon is H21/10th, therefore cooling effect is more preferably, and CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas are easier to be preheated.The opposing party
Further there is with sponge iron carburization reaction in face, rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas, the carburization reaction of carbon monoxide is to put in cooling section
Thermal response, is more favorable for the preheating of cooling gas.Therefore, cooling gas shaft furnace cooling section Jing thermal sponge iron preheating after, temperature
Up to 850～900 DEG C, the sensible heat of hot sponge iron is taken full advantage of, be that energy consumption is saved in whole technological process.Due to cooling gas
Temperature after preheating is high, and hydrogen-rich also Primordial Qi need to only be heated to 900～1000 DEG C, it is possible to form acid pellet in reduction shaft furnace section
The temperature field that reduction is required, further reduces the energy consumption of whole technological process.Another further aspect, due to what is preheated through sponge iron
The temperature of rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas can reach 850～900 DEG C, hence into can directly carry out reduction reaction after reduction section.And
And rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas are to enter reduction section from the little cooling section of diameter, the reduction that hot also Primordial Qi is difficult to reach can be reached
Section central area, it is possible thereby to make uniformity of temperature profile in reduction section, air flow method is uniform, is more favorable for the control of product quality
System.
Secondly as being more favorable for sponge in cooling section as the cooling gas of cooling section using rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
There is carburization reaction in ferrum, therefore can significantly improve the carbon content of sponge iron so as to disclosure satisfy that higher carbon containing requirement, so as to
Reduce molten point of follow-up processing load, reducing energy consumption.
3rd, as the cooling gas of cooling section, improving sponge iron carbon content due to using rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
Meanwhile, the carbon monoxides in more cooling gas are consumed, and then an oxygen of reducing gas in whole gas-based shaft kiln can be reduced
Change carbon content, while the catalytic action of metallic iron in cooling section can also be utilized, the methane gas in catalytic pyrolysiss cooling gas enters
And gas is reformed, further increase the H of the reducing gas in reduction section2/ CO ratios, it is final to improve reduction reaction effect
Rate.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet 202 for carrying hydrogen production device 200 and a part
Rich carbon monoxide carries out being mixed to form hydrogen-rich gas, H in hydrogen-rich gas2/ CO ratios are higher, heat through heating furnace 300 laggard
Enter in reduction section 110, can further improve reduction reaction efficiency.
Therefore, the system for preparing sponge iron using the above embodiment of the present invention gas-based shaft kiln can effectively reduce gas-based shaft kiln
The energy consumption of direct-reduction technique, makes also Primordial Qi air flow method and uniformity of temperature profile, mitigates the negative of shaft furnace top gas desulphurization plant
Load, increases the carburizing amount of sponge iron, reduces several big master in the existing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced techniques such as the energy consumption of molten division technique
Want problem.
As shown in figure 4, the system that the gas-based shaft kiln of above-described embodiment prepares sponge iron is further included：With top gas outlet
103 are sequentially connected and are respectively used to carry out top gas wash cooling process, compression process and the first desulfurization and decarburization processes and obtains
To wash cooling device 400, the desulfurization and decarburization device 600 of compressor 500 and first of unreacted also Primordial Qi.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the first desulfurization and decarburization device 600 and the also Primordial Qi import for carrying hydrogen production device 200
201 are connected, to carry out proposing hydrogen process unreacted also Primordial Qi.Further unreacted also Primordial Qi can be filled into and carry hydrogen production device
200, reduction reaction and cooling section that the hydrogen and carbon monoxide obtained after carrying hydrogen and processing is respectively used in reduction section 110
The cooling of the sponge iron in 120 and carburization reaction.Can save from there through unreacted also Primordial Qi in top gas is made full use of
Partial reduction gas, saves energy consumption, reduces cost.
As shown in figure 4, the system that the gas-based shaft kiln of above-described embodiment prepares sponge iron is further included：Second desulfurization and decarburization
Device 700, the second desulfurization and decarburization device 700 exports 203 and is connected with the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas for carrying hydrogen production device 200, to be suitable to
Desulfurization and decarburization process is carried out to rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas.It is possible thereby to further carry out at desulfurization and decarburization to rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas
Reason, removes the gas such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas.And then reduction reducing gas oxidizability and sulfur content,
Reduction reaction efficiency is improved, the quality of product DRI is improved.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, fresh reducing gas is being carried in hydrogen production device after gas proposes hydrogen process, by this part
Gas is divided into hydrogen and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas, the part in rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is mixed with hydrogen and is together passed through heating
Stove carries out being heated to 900～1000 degrees Celsius, then from the bustle pipe of reduction shaft furnace section bottom enter in reduction shaft furnace section with from perpendicular
The acid pellet that stove top enters carries out reduction reaction.Another part richness CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas from being passed through shaft furnace cooling section bottom,
Heat exchange is carried out with hot sponge iron, and sponge iron is cooled to less than 50 DEG C in shaft furnace cooling section, while carrying out carburizing
Reaction consumes a part of carbon monoxide.This part richness CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is heated to 850～900 and takes the photograph in the cooling section of shaft furnace
Family name's degree, and continue up and flow into reduction section, and the hydrogen-rich thermal reduction gas entered with bustle pipe in reduction section mixs, it is common and also
Former acid pellet, the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas for entering reduction section from cooling section can reach the central area of reduction section, Jin Erke
So that the air temperature and current in reduction section is evenly distributed, reduction reaction is easily carried out.
The top gas produced in reduction section is discharged from the outlet of shaft furnace top gas.The top gas of discharge is carried out at wash cooling
Unreacted also Primordial Qi is obtained after reason, compression are processed and desulfurization and decarburization is processed, unreacted also Primordial Qi is passed through and is carried in hydrogen production device,
Sponge iron is prepared for shaft furnace, it is possible thereby to save the fresh reducing gas in part.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " horizontal ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom " " interior ", " outward ", " up time
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as pin ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumference " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or
Position relationship, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than indicates or imply that the device or element of indication must
With specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore must be not considered as limiting the invention.
Additionally, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance
Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can express or
Implicitly include one or more this feature.In describing the invention, " multiple " are meant that two or more,
Unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected, or it is integral；Can be that machinery connects
Connect, or electrically connect；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be in two elements
The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to concrete feelings
Condition understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be with
It is the first and second feature directly contacts, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature are directly over second feature or oblique upper, or be merely representative of
Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be
One feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means to combine specific features, structure, material or spy that the embodiment or example are described
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be arbitrary
Combine in an appropriate manner in individual or multiple embodiments or example.Additionally, in the case of not conflicting, the technology of this area
Personnel can be combined the feature of the different embodiments or example described in this specification and different embodiments or example
And combination.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method that gas-based shaft kiln prepares sponge iron, it is characterised in that include：
(1) acid pellet is added into the gas-based shaft kiln, wherein, the gas-based shaft kiln has reduction section and cooling section, described
Reduction section is located at the top of the cooling section；
(2) reducing gas is carried out proposing hydrogen process, to obtain hydrogen and rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas；
(3) part for the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is mixed and is carried out heat treated with the hydrogen, it is hot to obtain
Also Primordial Qi；
(4) the hot also Primordial Qi is delivered in the gas-based shaft kiln from the reduction section, make the hot also Primordial Qi with it is described
There is reduction reaction in acid pellet, to obtain sponge iron and top gas；And
(5) another part of the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is delivered to into the gas-based shaft kiln from the neighbouring bottom of the cooling section
Interior, to make, the sponge iron in the rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas and the cooling section carries out heat exchange and carburization reaction is backward
On into the reduction section and carry out the reduction reaction,
Carbon monoxide content is not less than 70 volumes % in the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas obtained in step (2),
The temperature of the described hot also Primordial Qi obtained in step (3) is 900～1000 degrees Celsius,
Temperature in step (5) into the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas of the reduction section is 850～900 degrees Celsius.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that further include：
(6) top gas obtained in step (4) is carried out respectively successively wash cooling process, compression to process and the first desulfurization
Carbonization treatment, to obtain unreacted also Primordial Qi.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that further include：
(7) it is before step (2) is carried out, the described unreacted also Primordial Qi obtained in step (6) is mixed with the reducing gas
Close.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that further include：
(8) the described rich CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas obtained in step (2) are carried out into the second desulfurization and decarburization process.
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| CN106702066A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-24 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | System and method for enabling hydrogen to enter gas-based reduction shaft furnace to prepare direct reduced iron |
| US20210301358A1 (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-09-30 | Midrex Technologies, Inc. | Methods and systems for increasing the carbon content of direct reduced iron in a reduction furnace |
| CN111893233B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-05-13 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | Hydrogen metallurgy shaft furnace system |
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