CN115041504A - Harmless treatment process and system for waste incineration fly ash - Google Patents
Harmless treatment process and system for waste incineration fly ash Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115041504A CN115041504A CN202210740058.4A CN202210740058A CN115041504A CN 115041504 A CN115041504 A CN 115041504A CN 202210740058 A CN202210740058 A CN 202210740058A CN 115041504 A CN115041504 A CN 115041504A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- ash
- steel ball
- waste incineration
- harmless
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009768 microwave sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical group [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/25—Non-industrial waste, e.g. household waste
Abstract
The invention discloses a harmless treatment process and a system for waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the following steps: s1, feeding fly ash generated by waste incineration into a steel ball grinder from a feed inlet of the steel ball grinder, grinding the fly ash, and discharging the fly ash to a discharge outlet through a screen of the steel ball grinder to obtain ground fly ash; s2, the ground fly ash obtained in the step S1 enters a microwave sintering furnace, and sintering is carried out under the action of microwaves to obtain hot fly ash; and S3, the hot fly ash obtained in the step S2 enters an ash cooler through an ash discharger, and harmless fly ash is obtained after cooling. According to the invention, a mode of combining hot air blowing and mechanical grinding is adopted, and a flue gas purification system is not required to be added; the microwave sintering furnace is vertically arranged, so that the occupied area is effectively reduced; the fly ash after harmless treatment can be used for making bricks together with bottom slag generated by garbage incineration without separate landfill, thereby further realizing reduction and recycling of garbage disposal; the microwave sintering requires lower temperature and lower energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment, and particularly relates to a harmless treatment process and system for waste incineration fly ash.
Background
After being incinerated, the household garbage can generate part of incombustibles, and can be divided into bottom slag, boiler ash and fly ash according to the generated position. The fly ash is generated at the bottom of the semidry reaction tower and the bottom of the bag-type dust collector, and the content of the fly ash in a grate furnace is usually 3-5% of that of garbage entering the furnace. Since the fly ash contains a large amount of heavy metals and dioxin, special treatment is required. The conventional treatment method of fly ash in the current waste incineration power generation project is chelating landfill, and by adding a chelating agent, harmful substances in the fly ash are solidified and then sent to a landfill site for landfill, so that the method is low in cost and needs to occupy a large amount of land; in some projects, the fly ash is melted into the vitreous body at high temperature by adopting an oxygen enrichment or plasma mode through the additive to wrap the harmful substances, but the technical scheme has high energy consumption and high cost and is not easy to popularize and use in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a harmless treatment process and a system for fly ash from waste incineration, which can effectively solve the defects that the fly ash occupies a large amount of land for landfill, and the fly ash is fused into a vitreous body, so that the energy consumption is high, the cost is high and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows: a harmless treatment process for waste incineration fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, feeding fly ash generated by waste incineration into a steel ball grinder from a feeding hole, grinding the fly ash, and discharging the fly ash to a discharging hole through a screen of the steel ball grinder to obtain ground fly ash;
s2, the ground fly ash obtained in the step S1 enters a microwave sintering furnace, and sintering is carried out under the action of microwaves to obtain hot fly ash;
and S3, the hot fly ash obtained in the step S2 enters an ash cooler through an ash discharger, and harmless fly ash is obtained after cooling.
Preferably, the sintering temperature in step S2 is 900-1100 ℃.
Preferably, the cooling in step S3 is realized by heat exchange between cold air sent into the ash cooler by the fan and hot fly ash, the hot air obtained after the heat exchange enters the steel ball grinder to sweep the fly ash in the grinding process, and the swept flue gas is sent into primary air or secondary air of the garbage incinerator to be incinerated.
Preferably, the harmless fly ash obtained in step S3 is used together with bottom slag from waste incineration to make bricks.
A waste incineration fly ash harmless treatment system comprises: the steel ball grinding machine, the microwave sintering furnace, the slag discharging device and the ash cooler are arranged, the microwave sintering furnace is provided with a microwave control cabinet, a discharge opening of the steel ball grinding machine is connected with a feed inlet of the microwave sintering furnace, a discharge opening of the microwave sintering furnace is connected with a feed inlet of the slag discharging device, a discharge opening of the slag discharging device is connected with a feed inlet of the ash cooler, an air outlet of the ash cooler is connected with an air inlet of the steel ball grinding machine, a fan is arranged on an air inlet pipe of the ash cooler, and the ash cooler is provided with an ash outlet.
Preferably, the slag extractor is a rotary slag extractor.
Has the advantages that: 1. the desorption and partial oxidation of dioxin in the fly ash are promoted by combining hot air blowing and mechanical grinding, and the partial flue gas is sent to an incinerator to be used as primary air and secondary air, so that an independent flue gas purification system is not required to be added;
2. the microwave sintering furnace adopts vertical arrangement, so that the occupied area is effectively reduced, and the residence time of the fly ash in the furnace can be flexibly controlled through the rotary slag extractor at the bottom;
3. recovering energy used for sintering part of fly ash by using an ash cooler, further sending hot air for cold ash into a steel ball grinding machine for desorption and oxidation of dioxin, and meanwhile, sending the hot air serving as a carrier for desorption of dioxin back to a garbage incinerator for secondary incineration and purification;
4. the fly ash after harmless treatment can be used for making bricks together with bottom slag generated by burning garbage, so that independent landfill is not needed, and reduction and recycling of garbage disposal can be further realized;
5. different from the melting process, the temperature required by sintering is lower, only about 900-1100 ℃, phase change heat required by the property and state transformation of fly ash particles is not required to be provided, and compared with the traditional oxygen-enriched or plasma melting, the energy consumption is lower.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the treatment process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a processing system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a steel ball grinder in the A-A direction in the treating system according to the present invention;
number in the figure: 1. the device comprises a steel ball grinding machine, 1-1 parts of a star valve, 1-2 parts of a transmission gear, 1-3 parts of a motor, 1-4 parts of a support frame, 1-5 parts of a rotating gear, 1-6 parts of a steel ball, 2 parts of a microwave sintering furnace, 2-1 parts of a microwave control cabinet, 3 parts of a slag extractor, 4 parts of an ash cooler, 4-1 parts of a fan, 5 parts of fly ash particles.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
example 1
As shown in figures 1-3, fly ash generated by garbage incineration enters a steel ball grinder 1 from an inlet of the steel ball grinder 1 through a star-shaped valve 1-1, one side or two sides of the steel ball grinder 1 are provided with transmission gears 1-2 and rotate under the driving of a motor 1-3, and the steel ball grinder 1 is fixed through a support frame 1-4. The fly ash is continuously rotated and ground in the steel ball grinding machine 1, discharged from a middle screen of the steel ball grinding machine, sent into a microwave sintering furnace 2, sintered under the action of microwaves, discharged through a slag discharging device 3, sent into an ash cooling device 4, cooled to generate harmless fly ash as a final product, and can be mixed with bottom slag of a garbage incinerator to make bricks or be independently subjected to other resource utilization.
Cold air enters the system from an air inlet, is sent into the ash cooler 4 through the fan 4-1 to exchange heat with hot fly ash discharged by the slag extractor 3, hot air after heat exchange enters the steel ball grinding machine 1 through a hot air inlet, the fly ash in the grinding process is swept, and the swept flue gas is sent into primary air or secondary air of the garbage incinerator through a smoke outlet at the top of the steel ball grinding machine 1 to carry out secondary incineration.
The steel ball grinding machine 1 is internally provided with steel balls 1-6 and rotating teeth 1-5, under the drive of the rotating teeth 1-5, the steel balls can be carried to a certain height and then fall down, flying ash particles are beaten and ground in the continuous rising and falling processes, so that the flying ash composition is more uniform, and the adsorbed dioxin can be desorbed and locally oxidized.
The lining of the microwave sintering furnace 2 is made of refractory materials, so that the equipment is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh sintering temperature; the equipment is controlled by a microwave control cabinet 2-1, the microwave frequency and wavelength can be flexibly adjusted, and the fly ash with different components can be sintered.
Example 2
Adding an additive into fly ash generated by waste incineration when the fly ash is ground in a steel ball grinding machine 1, wherein the additive is calcium oxide, aluminum oxide or a mixture of the calcium oxide and the aluminum oxide, and the mass ratio of the additive to the fly ash is 1: 1. The additive can promote the grinding desorption and heavy metal oxidation of dioxin in the fly ash or promote the fixation of heavy metal in the microwave sintering process.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A harmless treatment process for waste incineration fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, feeding fly ash generated by waste incineration into a steel ball grinder from a feeding hole, grinding the fly ash, and discharging the fly ash to a discharging hole through a screen of the steel ball grinder to obtain ground fly ash;
s2, the pulverized fly ash obtained in the step S1 enters a microwave sintering furnace, and sintering is carried out under the action of microwaves to obtain hot fly ash;
and S3, the hot fly ash obtained in the step S2 enters an ash cooler through an ash discharger, and harmless fly ash is obtained after cooling.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash from waste incineration is treated in a harmless manner by: the sintering temperature in the step S2 is 900-1100 ℃.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash from waste incineration is treated in a harmless manner by: and the cooling in the step S3 is realized by heat exchange between cold air sent into the ash cooler by the fan and hot fly ash, the hot air obtained after the heat exchange enters the steel ball grinding machine, the fly ash in the grinding process is swept, and the swept flue gas is sent into primary air or secondary air of the garbage incinerator for incineration.
4. The harmless treatment process of the waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) making bricks by using the harmless fly ash obtained in the step (S3) and bottom slag generated by burning garbage.
5. A system for use in a process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: the steel ball grinding machine comprises a steel ball grinding machine (1), a microwave sintering furnace (2), a slag discharging device (3) and an ash cooling device (4), wherein the microwave sintering furnace (2) is provided with a microwave control cabinet (2-1), a discharge opening of the steel ball grinding machine (1) is connected with a feed inlet of the microwave sintering furnace (2), a discharge opening of the microwave sintering furnace (2) is connected with a feed inlet of the slag discharging device (3), a discharge opening of the slag discharging device (3) is connected with a feed inlet of the ash cooling device (4), an air outlet of the ash cooling device (4) is connected with an air inlet of the steel ball grinding machine (1), an air inlet pipe of the ash cooling device (4) is provided with a fan (4-1), and the ash cooling device (4) is provided with an ash outlet.
6. The system for harmless treatment of fly ash from waste incineration as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the slag discharging device (3) is a rotary slag discharging device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210740058.4A CN115041504A (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Harmless treatment process and system for waste incineration fly ash |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210740058.4A CN115041504A (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Harmless treatment process and system for waste incineration fly ash |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115041504A true CN115041504A (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210740058.4A Pending CN115041504A (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Harmless treatment process and system for waste incineration fly ash |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115041504A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116352869A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-06-30 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Harmless treatment and recycling device and method for fly ash |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003103232A (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2003-04-08 | Tokuyama Corp | Method for treating incineration ash |
| CN102643109A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-22 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing ceramsite by using waste incineration fly ash and waste glass |
| CN104402403A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-03-11 | 天津城建大学 | Garbage burning ash cured heavy metal high-strength ceramisite preparation method |
| CN108101511A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-01 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of heavy metal pollution earth cooperation flying ash prepares the microwave sintering method of haydite |
| CN110357582A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-22 | 常州大学 | A method of blending incineration of refuse flyash prepares road surface fired brick |
| CN211694912U (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-10-16 | 江苏辉能环境科技有限公司 | Pyrolysis incineration device for utilizing waste heat of high-temperature fly ash |
| CN113617805A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-09 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司 | System and method for low-temperature heat treatment of fly ash |
| CN216005662U (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-03-11 | 龙净能源发展有限公司 | Fly ash cooperative recycling treatment system for waste incineration power plant |
-
2022
- 2022-06-28 CN CN202210740058.4A patent/CN115041504A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003103232A (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2003-04-08 | Tokuyama Corp | Method for treating incineration ash |
| CN102643109A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-22 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing ceramsite by using waste incineration fly ash and waste glass |
| CN104402403A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-03-11 | 天津城建大学 | Garbage burning ash cured heavy metal high-strength ceramisite preparation method |
| CN108101511A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-01 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of heavy metal pollution earth cooperation flying ash prepares the microwave sintering method of haydite |
| CN110357582A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-22 | 常州大学 | A method of blending incineration of refuse flyash prepares road surface fired brick |
| CN211694912U (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-10-16 | 江苏辉能环境科技有限公司 | Pyrolysis incineration device for utilizing waste heat of high-temperature fly ash |
| CN216005662U (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-03-11 | 龙净能源发展有限公司 | Fly ash cooperative recycling treatment system for waste incineration power plant |
| CN113617805A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-09 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司 | System and method for low-temperature heat treatment of fly ash |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116352869A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-06-30 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Harmless treatment and recycling device and method for fly ash |
| CN116352869B (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-08 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Harmless treatment and recycling device and method for fly ash |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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Application publication date: 20220913 |