CN115040817A - Control method of tunnel fire extinguishing system and smoke exhaust system - Google Patents
Control method of tunnel fire extinguishing system and smoke exhaust system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115040817A CN115040817A CN202210717741.6A CN202210717741A CN115040817A CN 115040817 A CN115040817 A CN 115040817A CN 202210717741 A CN202210717741 A CN 202210717741A CN 115040817 A CN115040817 A CN 115040817A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
- A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
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Abstract
A control method of a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system relates to a control system of tunnel fire extinguishing and smoke discharging, wherein a main water pipe (11) erected in a tunnel (1) is connected with a plurality of semicircular water discharging pipes (2) which are fixed on the top of the tunnel in a subsection mode and provided with electric control water valves; air ports are arranged on the lower surface of the air supply or exhaust pipe (4) arranged in the tunnel at intervals; a plurality of fire detection systems formed by a plurality of temperature sensors and smoke sensors are arranged at intervals on the top of the tunnel, the fire detection systems are connected with an integrated controller through a regional communication line, and the integrated controller uploads acquired information to a main control room micro-processing module in real time and sends the information to be displayed on an LED display screen; according to the invention, the plurality of semicircular drain pipes are arranged at intervals at the top of the tunnel, so that multi-stage smoke purification is formed in the tunnel, and personnel suffocation injury caused by smoke accumulation in a relatively closed space in the tunnel is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel fire extinguishing and smoke discharging system, in particular to a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a control method of the smoke discharging system.
Background
The tunnel is used as a rapid mountain passing mode and becomes a main component of a highway, and along with the rapid development of national economy, a large number of rapid tunnel channels entering the ground appear on a newly-built road section of a city; the tunnels solve the problem of traffic, and meanwhile, a plurality of hidden dangers exist, so that new energy electric vehicles or flammable and explosive vehicles are difficult to deal with once a fire disaster happens in the tunnels; in particular to industrial areas with developed industry, petrochemical enterprises, chemical plants or dangerous chemical enterprises, most of the raw materials can be transported through pipelines, and one part of the raw materials can be transported by roads; the tunnel is characterized by long and narrow space, and the characteristics of the tunnel under different air supply conditions such as flue gas stratification, temperature distribution, heat release rate and critical wind speed in the fire of the tunnel are different, the main reason is the harm of the flue gas of the tunnel fire to people in the tunnel, namely the height of a hot flue gas layer in the tunnel is continuously reduced along with the occurrence and development of the fire, and once the height reaches the height of the mouth and the nose of the people, the breathing of the people can be influenced, and the life safety of escape people is threatened; and the smoke has strong light attenuation, so that the visibility in the tunnel can be greatly reduced by the spread of the smoke, and people can not recognize the direction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention discloses a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a control method of a smoke exhaust system.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
a control method of a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system comprises the fire extinguishing system, the smoke discharging system and a control system;
in the fire extinguishing system, a main water pipe erected in a tunnel is connected with a plurality of semicircular water discharging pipes which are fixed on the top of the tunnel in a segmented manner, and an electric control water valve is arranged at the water dividing position of the main water pipe and each semicircular water discharging pipe; a plurality of fire extinguishing equipment boxes are arranged on the wall of the tunnel, and dry powder fire extinguisher bottles, fire hydrants connected with a main water pipe and fire hoses are arranged in the fire extinguishing equipment boxes; the tunnel wall is provided with escape passages penetrating through two ends of the tunnel, the escape passages are connected with the tunnel through a plurality of safety doors arranged at intervals, and the upper parts of door openings of the plurality of safety doors of the tunnel are respectively provided with a water curtain pipe connected with a main water pipe;
the lower surface of the tunnel middle frame of the smoke exhaust system is provided with air ports at intervals, and the air ports enable smoke to flow and be discharged outside;
the control system is characterized in that a plurality of fire detection systems formed by a plurality of temperature sensors and smoke sensors are arranged at the top of the tunnel at intervals, the fire detection systems are connected with the centralized controller through regional communication lines, the centralized controller respectively communicates information with the fire detection systems, the electric control water valves and the smoke exhaust fans of the air supply or exhaust pipes in real time, and the centralized controller uploads the acquired information to the main control room micro-processing module in real time and sends and displays the information on the LED display screen;
when a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel, a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor of the fire disaster detection system find the fire condition in time, the centralized controller sends out a control instruction and starts the water pump and opens the corresponding semicircular water discharge pipe and two to four adjacent semicircular water discharge pipes to form a multi-section water discharge curtain wall in the tunnel, and scattered smoke or toxic gas is diluted by the water discharge curtain wall and then falls to the ground to be discharged through a sewer; meanwhile, the water curtain pipe above the tunnel and the escape passage safety door begins to drain water and forms a drainage curtain wall for sealing the safety door; and meanwhile, the air supply or exhaust pipe supplies air into the tunnel through the air pump.
According to the control method of the tunnel fire extinguishing system and the smoke exhausting system, the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor of the fire detecting system are arranged on the top of the tunnel in parallel.
According to the control method of the tunnel fire extinguishing system and the smoke exhausting system, the semicircular water discharging pipes at the top of the tunnel are arranged at intervals of thirty meters to one hundred meters.
According to the control method of the tunnel fire extinguishing system and the smoke exhausting system, the centralized controller is arranged in a machine room of a tunnel.
The tunnel fire extinguishing system and the smoke exhaust system are controlled by a computer terminal serving as a micro-processing module of the master control room, the computer terminal transmits data through a data line or an eMBB base station, a plurality of cameras are arranged in the tunnel, and the cameras are directly connected with the computer terminal through the data line or the eMBB.
The tunnel fire extinguishing system and the control method of the smoke exhaust system are characterized in that edge walking steps are arranged on the edge of the road surface of the tunnel, and the air supply or exhaust pipe and the main water pipe are arranged above the edge walking steps and fixed through a support.
According to the control method of the tunnel fire extinguishing system and the smoke exhaust system, a water tank is arranged on the lower portion of one side, close to a wall, of an escape passage, an air pipe is arranged on the inner side of a water curtain pipe of an escape passage safety door, the air pipe is communicated with an air supply or exhaust pipe, and a gas mask is arranged on a wall, corresponding to the safety door, of the escape passage.
According to the tunnel fire extinguishing system and the control method of the smoke exhaust system, a fireproof door is arranged in a door opening of the safety door.
According to the control method of the tunnel fire extinguishing system and the smoke exhaust system, for the tunnel with the length exceeding one kilometer, the air pipes and the main water pipe can be opened periodically, and the fireproof door is opened to purify the air in the tunnel.
According to the control method of the tunnel fire extinguishing system and the smoke exhausting system, indicator lamps are respectively arranged on two sides of a safety door of a tunnel wall.
Through the disclosure, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the control method of the tunnel fire extinguishing system and the smoke discharging system of the invention connects a plurality of semicircular water discharging pipes controlled by electric control water valves through main water pipes, a fire detection system formed by temperature sensors and smoke sensors respectively arranged at the middle parts of the plurality of semicircular drain pipes can find fire in time, when the temperature sensor detects a set temperature value and the smoke sensor detects smoke with a set concentration, the fire detection system sends the fire detection signal to the centralized controller in time through a regional communication line, the centralized controller sends a control instruction to the water pump to start the water pump, meanwhile, the electric control water valves of a plurality of semicircular water discharge pipes at the fire are opened, water is sprayed into the tunnel through the main water pipe and the semicircular water discharge pipes, if the combustible material is a conventional combustible material, the sprayed water can prevent smoke from spreading and cooling on one hand, and on the other hand, the sprayed water can prevent the expansion of fire for the wet water of the combustible material of the adjacent vehicle; in a hazardous chemical fire, the diffusion of toxic gas can be effectively blocked by spraying water by utilizing the plurality of semicircular water discharge pipes arranged at intervals at the top of the tunnel, and the multistage purification of the toxic gas can be formed in the tunnel by spraying water simultaneously by the plurality of semicircular water discharge pipes, so that the suffocation injury of personnel caused by the collection of the toxic gas in a relatively closed space in the tunnel is avoided; the invention changes the conventional point-shaped or surface-shaped water spraying mode, has the function of fire fighting and can effectively prevent harmful gas from diffusing and hurting people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the control method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the water gas pipeline distribution of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the escape passage of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the semi-circular drain pipe of the present invention at the top of the tunnel;
in the figure: 1. a tunnel; 2. a semicircular water drainage pipe; 3. a support; 4. a supply or exhaust duct; 5. a water curtain pipe; 6. an air duct; 7. a fire extinguishing equipment box; 8. a fire door; 9. side walking steps; 10. a pavement; 11. a main water pipe; 12. a gas mask; 13. a safety door; 14. an escape passage; 15. an indicator light; 16. a water tank; 17. and (4) a sewer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples; the following examples are not intended to limit the present invention, and are only used as a support for the implementation of the present invention, and any equivalent structure replacement within the technical framework of the present invention is included in the protection scope of the present invention;
the control method of the tunnel fire extinguishing system and the smoke exhausting system described in the attached figures 1-4 comprises a fire extinguishing system, a smoke exhausting system and a control system;
in the fire extinguishing system, a main water pipe 11 erected in a tunnel 1 is connected with a plurality of semicircular drain pipes 2 which are fixed on the top of the tunnel 1 in a segmented manner, the semicircular drain pipes 2 on the top of the tunnel 1 are arranged at intervals of thirty meters to one hundred meters, and an electric control water valve is arranged at the water dividing position of the main water pipe 11 and each semicircular drain pipe 2; when the semi-circular water discharge pipes 2 are used for discharging water, an independent fire extinguishing and independent smoke spreading isolating space is formed between every two semi-circular water discharge pipes 2; a plurality of fire extinguishing equipment boxes 7 are arranged on the wall of the tunnel 1, and dry powder fire extinguisher bottles, fire hydrants connected with a main water pipe 11 and fire hoses are arranged in the fire extinguishing equipment boxes 7; the wall of the tunnel 1 is provided with escape passages 14 penetrating through two ends of the tunnel 1, the escape passages 14 are connected with the tunnel 1 through a plurality of safety doors 13 arranged at intervals, and the upper parts of door openings of the plurality of safety doors 13 of the tunnel 1 are respectively provided with a water curtain pipe 5 connected with a main water pipe 11; each safety door 13 can be provided with a manual rescue alarm voice key connected with a main control room microprocessor module, wherein the mobile phone signal in the tunnel 1 is extremely poor or in a non-state, when a fire occurs, people can contact the main control room through a microphone at the manual rescue alarm voice key at the initial stage of the fire, and the microphone arranged in the main control room can know the specific position, the fire reason and the fire state so that the main control room can contact a fire emergency rescue unit for help through fire alarm after knowing the fire; if the fire disaster happens to the dangerous chemical, a professional rescue team can be informed, and then the fire emergency rescue unit and the professional rescue team carry out combined rescue; the walls on the two sides of the exit 13 of the tunnel 1 are respectively provided with an indicator light pointing to the exit 13, namely, a standby power supply with a rechargeable dry battery is arranged in the indicator light so as to prevent the indicator light from power failure caused by power failure, the indicator light has a voice guide function, and the indicator light can be used together with a reflective indicator sign in the tunnel 1;
in the smoke exhaust system, air ports are arranged on the lower surface of a conveying or exhaust pipe 4 erected in a tunnel 1 at intervals, a smoke exhaust fan is arranged at an air inlet or an air outlet of the exhaust pipe 4, the smoke exhaust fan can be arranged at the position of the tunnel opening and is controlled by an integrated controller, and smoke is circulated and exhausted by the air ports when a fire disaster occurs; the smoke generated when fire occurs in the tunnel 1 is eliminated by the water sprayed by the semicircular water discharge pipe 2 through the air supply or the air discharge of the air inlet;
with reference to fig. 2, 3 or 4, an edge walking step 9 is arranged at the edge of a road surface 10 of the tunnel 1, and an air supply or exhaust pipe 4 and a main water pipe 11 are arranged above the edge walking step 9 and fixed by a bracket 3; a water tank 16 is arranged at the lower part of one side of the escape passage 14 close to the wall, burn occurring after the escape personnel enter can relieve pain through water in the water tank 16, an air pipe 6 is arranged at the inner side of a water curtain pipe 5 of a safety door 13 of the escape passage 14, the air pipe 6 is communicated with a delivery or exhaust pipe 4, and fresh air in the escape passage 14 is provided by the air pipe 6; the gas mask 12 'can use a simple 3m dust mask' is arranged on the wall of the escape passage 14 corresponding to the safety door 13, and if the gas mask is adjacent to a hazardous chemical enterprise, the gas mask with a toxic gas filtering function can be used; the fire door 8 is arranged at the door opening of the safety door 13, and the indicator lamps 15 are respectively arranged at the two sides of the safety door 13 on the wall of the tunnel 1.
The control system is characterized in that a plurality of fire detection systems formed by a plurality of temperature sensors and smoke sensors are arranged at the top of a tunnel 1 at intervals, the temperature sensors and the smoke sensors of the fire detection systems are arranged at the top of the tunnel 1 in parallel, the fire detection systems are connected with an integrated controller through a regional communication line, the integrated controller is arranged in a machine room of the tunnel 1, the integrated controller communicates information with the fire detection systems, an electric control water valve and a smoke exhaust fan of an air supply or exhaust pipe 4 in real time respectively, and the integrated controller uploads the acquired information to a main control room micro-processing module in real time and sends the information to be displayed on an LED display screen; the fire detection system is responsible for monitoring the smoke concentration and the temperature set value in real time;
the total control room micro-processing module is a computer terminal, the computer terminal transmits data through a data line or an eMBB base station, necessary gateways, keys and interfaces are required to be arranged when an external network is used, so that the accuracy of data transmission is ensured, a plurality of cameras are arranged in the tunnel 1, the cameras are directly connected with the computer terminal through the data line or the eMBB, and the computer terminal is provided with a multi-picture or multi-picture switching system, so that a worker can check the state in the tunnel 1 or transmit data for a traffic management department.
When a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel 1, a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor of the fire disaster detection system find the fire condition in time and transmit the fire condition to the centralized controller, the centralized controller sends a control instruction and starts the water pump and opens the corresponding semicircular water discharge pipes 2 and the electric control water valves of two to four adjacent semicircular water discharge pipes 2, at this time, the semicircular water discharge pipes 2 of the electric control water valves are opened to form a multi-section water discharge curtain wall in the tunnel 1, and scattered smoke or toxic gas is diluted by the water discharge curtain wall and falls to the ground to be discharged through a sewer 17; meanwhile, the electrically controlled water valves of the water curtain pipe 5 above the safety door 13 of the tunnel 1 and the escape passage 14 are opened simultaneously, the water curtain pipe 5 starts to drain water and forms a drainage curtain wall for closing the safety door 13, and smoke is prevented from being collected in the escape passage 14; meanwhile, the air supply or exhaust pipe 4 supplies air into the tunnel 1 through an air pump.
The water source of the system can be communicated with a municipal water supply network, and a water pump arranged in a machine room of the tunnel 1 can pressurize the incoming water of the municipal water supply network; or a reservoir is built near the opening of the tunnel 1, and a water pump intake pipe in a machine room of the tunnel 1 is connected with the reservoir;
the integrated controller preferably uses the Siemens industry PC IPC427ECO, and initializes the system, models the system, sets the temperature, sets the smoke concentration and carries out manual intervention; the integrated controller controls data acquisition and data uploading of the temperature sensors and the smoke sensors to the main control room micro-processing module, the integrated controller supplies power to the temperature sensors and the smoke sensors, the electric control water valve which should be opened at that time is sent out an instruction to be opened, and the integrated controller controls the smoke exhaust fan to be started or closed.
The integrated controller receives the instruction sent by the micro-processing module of the master control room to carry out real-time data inspection of the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor, the operation of the smoke exhaust fan and the operation of the electric control water valve.
The temperature sensor is preferably a dc18b20 temperature sensor available from Dallas corporation, USA.
The smoke sensor is preferably a JTY-GD-G3 photoelectric smoke alarm available from gulf Security technologies, Inc.
The electrically controlled water valve is preferably an AIR TORQUE SPA electrically controlled flanged water valve in Italy.
The micro-processing module of the master control room comprises a video acquisition module, a sound acquisition and processing module and a DSP (digital signal processor) storage and analysis module, wherein the temperature sensor and smoke sensor acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring temperature information and smoke state information uploaded to a tunnel 1 by a centralized controller in real time;
the integrated controller and the micro-processing module of the master control room can operate independently or doubly;
the video acquisition module is used for acquiring pictures of the camera in the tunnel 1 and putting the pictures on the multi-picture LED display screen, the sound acquisition processing module is used for synchronously playing voice information acquired by the camera, and the video acquisition module is not controlled by the centralized controller to independently operate.
This application has the expansion function, and to length exceed tunnel 1 of a kilometer, tuber pipe 6 and main water pipe 11 "utilize semicircle drain pipe 2 discharge water curtain" accessible camera to confirm to open the short time under the condition of no vehicle operation better to open and prevent that fire door 8 purifies the air in tunnel 1.
The present invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system comprises the fire extinguishing system, the smoke discharging system and the control system, and is characterized in that:
in the fire extinguishing system, a main water pipe (11) erected in a tunnel (1) is connected with a plurality of semicircular water drainage pipes (2) which are fixed on the top of the tunnel (1) in a segmented manner, and electric control water valves are arranged at the water distribution positions of the main water pipe (11) and each semicircular water drainage pipe (2); a plurality of fire extinguishing equipment boxes (7) are arranged on the wall of the tunnel (1), and dry powder fire extinguisher bottles, fire hydrants connected with a main water pipe (11) and fire hoses are arranged in the fire extinguishing equipment boxes (7); escape passages (14) penetrating through two ends of the tunnel (1) are formed in the wall of the tunnel (1), the escape passages (14) are connected with the tunnel (1) through a plurality of safety doors (13) arranged at intervals, and water curtain pipes (5) connected with main water pipes (11) are respectively arranged at the upper parts of door openings of the plurality of safety doors (13) of the tunnel (1);
in the smoke exhaust system, air ports are arranged on the lower surface of a conveying or exhaust pipe (4) erected in the tunnel (1) at intervals, and smoke is circulated and exhausted outside through the air ports; the control system is characterized in that a plurality of fire detection systems formed by a plurality of temperature sensors and smoke sensors are arranged at the top of the tunnel (1) at intervals, the fire detection systems are connected with the centralized controller through a regional communication line, the centralized controller respectively communicates information with the plurality of fire detection systems, the electric control water valve and the smoke exhaust fan of the air supply or exhaust pipe (4) in real time, and the centralized controller uploads the acquired information to the main control room micro-processing module in real time and delivers and displays the information on the LED display screen;
when a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel (1), a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor of the fire disaster detection system find the fire condition in time, the centralized controller sends out a control instruction and starts the water pump, and opens the corresponding semicircular water drainage pipe (2) and two to four adjacent semicircular water drainage pipes (2) to form a multi-section drainage curtain wall in the tunnel (1), and scattered smoke or toxic gas is diluted by the drainage curtain wall and falls to the ground to be drained away through a sewer (17); meanwhile, the water curtain pipe (5) above the safety door (13) of the tunnel (1) and the escape passage (14) begins to drain water and forms a drainage curtain wall for closing the safety door (13); meanwhile, the air supply or exhaust pipe (4) supplies air into the tunnel (1) through an air pump.
2. The method of controlling a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor of the fire detection system are arranged at the top of the tunnel (1) in parallel.
3. The method of controlling a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system according to claim 1, wherein: the semicircular water drainage pipes (2) at the top of the tunnel (1) are spaced from each other by thirty meters to one hundred meters.
4. The method of controlling a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system according to claim 1, wherein: the centralized controller is arranged in a machine room of the tunnel (1).
5. The method of controlling a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system according to claim 1, wherein: the total control room micro-processing module is a computer terminal, the computer terminal transmits data through a data line or an eMBB base station, a plurality of cameras are arranged in the tunnel (1), and the plurality of cameras are directly connected with the computer terminal through the data line or the eMBB.
6. The method of controlling a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system according to claim 1, wherein: an edge walking step (9) is arranged at the edge of a road surface (10) of the tunnel (1), and the air supply or exhaust pipe (4) and the main water pipe (11) are arranged above the edge walking step (9) and are fixed by a bracket (3).
7. The method of controlling a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system according to claim 1, wherein: the lower part of one side, close to the wall, of the escape passage (14) is provided with a water tank (16), the inner side of a water curtain pipe (5) of the escape passage (14) safety door (13) is provided with an air pipe (6), the air pipe (6) is communicated with an air delivery or exhaust pipe (4), and the wall of the escape passage (14) corresponding to the safety door (13) is provided with an anti-gas mask (12).
8. The method of controlling a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: a fireproof door (8) is arranged at the door opening of the safety door (13).
9. The method of controlling a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system according to claim 1, wherein: for the tunnel (1) with the length exceeding one kilometer, the air pipe (6) and the main water pipe (11) can be opened periodically, and the fireproof door (8) is opened to purify the air in the tunnel (1).
10. The method of controlling a tunnel fire extinguishing system and a smoke discharging system according to claim 1, wherein: indicator lights (15) are respectively arranged on two sides of a safety door (13) on the wall of the tunnel (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210717741.6A CN115040817A (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Control method of tunnel fire extinguishing system and smoke exhaust system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210717741.6A CN115040817A (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Control method of tunnel fire extinguishing system and smoke exhaust system |
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| DE10249268A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-05-13 | Herbert Richter | Escape system in sides of tunnel is separated from main part of tunnel by fireproof walls comprising panels on a support frame |
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2022
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| DE10249268A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-05-13 | Herbert Richter | Escape system in sides of tunnel is separated from main part of tunnel by fireproof walls comprising panels on a support frame |
| CN201581920U (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-09-15 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Emergency evacuation and rescue system of side gallery arranged on single-line rail transportation tunnel |
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