CN115036160A

CN115036160A - Instantaneous breaker and composite arc extinguishing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115036160A
Application number: CN202210952920.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戴超
Original assignee: Hangzhou Supermelt Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Supermelt Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-10
Filing date: 2022-08-10
Publication date: 2022-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-10
Also published as: CN115036160B

Abstract

The instant breaker comprises an upper cover, a firing pin, a conductive bar, a narrow slit assembly and a lower cover which are arranged from top to bottom, wherein a supporting connecting piece is arranged between the upper cover and the lower cover, a stroke limiting middle hole is arranged in the supporting connecting piece, and the conductive bar can be cut off and an electric arc can be generated in the moving process of the firing pin; the narrow slit assembly is connected with the inner wall of the lower cover, the narrow slit assembly is provided with an arc passing cavity for electric arcs to pass through, the opening of the arc passing cavity is arranged towards the firing pin, the lower side of the narrow slit assembly is provided with a medium arc extinguishing chamber, the arc passing cavity is communicated to the medium arc extinguishing chamber, and a cavity is formed between the medium arc extinguishing chamber and the inner bottom of the lower cover. The arc extinguishing device adopts a scheme of combining three arc extinguishing modes of air blowing, narrow slits and media, and has the advantages of fast arc voltage rise, high peak value, large resistance after arc and the like. The instantaneous breaker adopting the arc extinguishing method has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple structure, high reliability, strong breaking capacity and the like.

Description

Instantaneous breaker and composite arc extinguishing method thereof

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the field of new energy power system protection devices, in particular to an instantaneous breaker and a composite arc extinguishing method thereof.

Background

The conventional fuse used in the new energy power system is gradually replaced by an instantaneous interrupter capable of rapidly cutting off and protecting a circuit.

The main working principle of the instantaneous breaker is as follows: the main research direction of the method is to quickly and effectively cut off the electric arc generated when a breaking circuit is broken. The common arc extinguishing methods mainly include: arc extinction is carried out by utilizing an arc extinction medium; arc extinction is carried out by increasing fracture number voltage; arc extinction is carried out by lengthening electric arc by methods such as air blowing partition; arc extinction is carried out by utilizing narrow slit extrusion electric arc; the long arc is divided into a plurality of sections of short arcs by using the grid sheet for cooling and arc extinction; the arc is extinguished by using external force to increase the arc separation speed.

However, the arc extinguishing method used by a general instantaneous breaker is single, and how to integrate multiple arc extinguishing methods on an instantaneous breaker with a small volume, so as to improve the service performance of the instantaneous breaker, is a technical problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure is directed to an instantaneous circuit breaker and a composite arc extinguishing method thereof, so as to solve at least the above technical problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a momentary breaker, including: the electric arc cutting device comprises an upper cover, a lower cover, a firing pin, a conductive row and a narrow slit assembly, wherein the upper cover, the firing pin, the conductive row, the narrow slit assembly and the lower cover are arranged from top to bottom; the narrow slit assembly is connected with the inner wall of the lower cover, an arc passing cavity for the electric arc to pass through is arranged on the narrow slit assembly, an opening of the arc passing cavity faces the firing pin, a medium arc extinguishing chamber used for melting and absorbing the energy of the electric arc is arranged on the lower side of the narrow slit assembly, the arc passing cavity is communicated to the medium arc extinguishing chamber, and a containing cavity used for containing the melted arc extinguishing medium is further formed between the medium arc extinguishing chamber and the inner bottom of the lower cover.

In an embodiment, the firing pin includes a tangent end and a firing end, the firing end is close to the upper cover, a firing cavity is formed between the firing end and the upper cover, and a firing tool is disposed in the firing cavity.

In an embodiment, the striker includes a sliding part slidably engaged with the stroke limiting middle hole and a tangent arm, and the tangent end is arranged at the bottom end of the tangent arm; an extrusion cavity is formed between the sliding part and the conductive row, a limiting groove is formed in the peripheral wall of the firing pin along the motion path of the firing pin, and a limiting rib matched with the limiting groove is arranged in the stroke limiting middle hole along the motion path.

In one embodiment, at least two tangential arms are provided.

In an embodiment, two fracture openings are formed on the conducting bar by two tangent arms, and a supporting top is arranged in the middle of the narrow-slit assembly and used for jacking the conducting bar between the two fracture openings.

In an embodiment, a separation rib is further disposed on the inner bottom of the lower cover, and the separation rib extends upward to be connected with the supporting top, so as to divide the medium arc extinguish chamber and the accommodating cavity into two parts.

In an embodiment, a sealing strip is arranged at the contact position of the upper cover and the supporting connecting piece, and an upper extending edge of the lower cover is embedded into the supporting connecting piece.

In an embodiment, the upper cover further comprises an upper shell for preventing the upper cover from flying off and a lower shell for enhancing the strength of the lower cover, the upper shell is arranged on the outer side of the supporting connecting piece and the upper cover, and the lower shell is wrapped on the outer side of the lower cover.

In one embodiment, the dielectric arc extinguishing chamber is filled with an arc extinguishing medium, and the arc extinguishing medium includes metal floc.

In a second aspect of the present disclosure, based on the above instantaneous breaker, a composite arc extinguishing method is provided, which includes the following steps:

after receiving the ignition signal, the igniter ignites;

energy fluctuation generated after the ignition of the ignition tool pushes the striker, so that the striker moves from a first position to a second position to cut off the conductive row and generate electric arc;

the electric arc is elongated downwards through an over-arc cavity, and can reach a medium arc extinguish chamber through the over-arc cavity;

melting and absorbing energy generated by the electric arc through an arc extinguishing medium in the medium arc extinguishing chamber, and extinguishing the electric arc;

arc extinguishing medium falling after melting is contained in the containing cavity.

The instantaneous breaker disclosed by the invention adopts a scheme of combining three arc extinguishing modes of air blowing, narrow slit and medium, and has the advantages of fast arc voltage rise, high peak value, large resistance after arc and the like. The instantaneous breaker adopting the arc extinguishing method has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple structure, high reliability, strong breaking capacity and the like, and can be widely applied to high-speed breaking protection of new energy power systems such as electric vehicles, energy storage systems and the like.

It should be understood that the statements in this section are not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become readily apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which:

in the drawings, like or corresponding reference characters designate like or corresponding parts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a striker before cutting a conductive row in the instantaneous interrupter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a striker after cutting a conductive row in the instantaneous interrupter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a striker according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another view of a striker according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a composite arc extinguishing method based on a transient breaker according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

1. a support link; 11. a stroke limiting middle hole; 2. a striker; 21. cutting a wire end; 22. an ignition end; 23. a wire cutting arm; 24. a sliding part; 25. a limiting groove; 3. an upper shell; 4. an upper cover; 401. an igniter; 402. a sealing strip; 5. a conductive bar; 51. positioning holes; 52. a weakening groove; 53. breaking off; 6. a narrow slit assembly; 61. a supporting top; 7. a lower cover; 71. a partition rib; 8. a lower case; 901. an ignition cavity; 902. extruding the cavity; 903. a through-arc cavity; 904. a dielectric arc-extinguishing chamber; 905. a receiving cavity.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment discloses an instantaneous breaker, which includes an upper cover 4, a lower cover 7, a striker 2, a conductive bar 5, and a slit assembly 6, wherein the upper cover 4, the striker 2, the conductive bar 5, the slit assembly 6, and the lower cover 7 are disposed from top to bottom. The firing pin 2 includes a tangent end 21 and a firing end 22, the firing end 22 is disposed close to the upper cover 4, the firing end 22 is recessed inward to form a firing cavity 901 with the upper cover 4, one end of the igniter 401 is connected to the upper cover 4, and one end of the igniter 401 for firing is aligned with the firing cavity 901. A supporting connecting piece 1 is arranged between the upper cover 4 and the lower cover 7, a stroke limiting middle hole 11 for accommodating the firing pin 2 is formed in the supporting connecting piece 1, the firing pin 2 can move from a first position to a second position in the stroke limiting middle hole 11, the bottom of the firing pin 2 is positioned on the upper side of the conductive bar 5 when the firing pin 2 is positioned at the first position, and the bottom of the firing pin 2 is positioned on the lower side of the conductive bar 5 when the firing pin 2 is positioned at the second position; when an over-current on the line is detected by the system, the ignition device 401 is triggered by an external signal, and the ignition cavity 901 can generate a momentary high voltage, which pushes the striker 2 to rapidly cut off the conductive bar 5 downward and generate an arc at the break 53 on the conductive bar 5.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the conductive bar 5 is embedded in the supporting and connecting member 1, a positioning hole 51 is disposed in the middle of the conductive bar 5, weakening grooves 52 are distributed on both sides of the positioning hole 51, and the weakening grooves 52 are opposite to the tangent end 21 of the striker 2, so that the striker 2 can divide the conductive bar 5 from top to bottom.

Referring to fig. 2-4, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the striker 2 includes a sliding portion 24 slidably engaged with the stroke limiting middle hole 11 and a tangent arm 23, the tangent end 21 is disposed at a bottom end of the tangent arm 23, a limiting groove 25 is disposed on an outer peripheral wall of the striker 2 along a moving path thereof, a limiting rib adapted to the limiting groove 25 is disposed in the stroke limiting middle hole 11 along the moving path thereof, and when the striker 2 moves from the first position to the second position, it is ensured that the striker does not rotate, so that a tangent angle of the tangent end 21 is not changed, and the tangent end 21 is ensured to cut the conductive bar 5 according to a set position.

Referring to fig. 1-3, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the striker 2 divides the space within the stroke limiting center hole 11 into an ignition cavity 901 and a pressing cavity 902, the pressing cavity 902 being between the sliding portion 24 and the conductive bar 5. Narrow slit subassembly 6 and lower cover 7 inner wall are connected, set up the arc cavity 903 of crossing that is used for passing through electric arc towards the position department that striker 2 cut off conductive bar 5 on narrow slit subassembly 6, be provided with the medium explosion chamber 904 that is used for melting and absorbs the electric arc energy at the downside of narrow slit subassembly 6, it has arc extinguishing medium to fill in the medium explosion chamber 904, arc extinguishing medium includes the metal floccule, it communicates to medium explosion chamber 904 to cross arc cavity 903, still be formed with the cavity 905 of accomodating that is used for holding the arc extinguishing medium after melting between the inner bottom of medium explosion chamber 904 and lower cover 7.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the striker 2 moves downward, the air pushing the extrusion cavity 902 forms a strong air flow, the arc enters the narrow-slit over-arc cavity 903 under the combined action of the striker 2 and the strong air flow, the arc is rapidly elongated and extruded, the arc voltage steps up, and the line current is forced to drop. Meanwhile, the striker 2 is decomposed under the arc ablation to generate gas, and partial arc is blown into the medium arc extinguishing chamber 904. The dielectric arc extinguishing chamber 904 is filled with arc extinguishing media such as metal floc and filling materials, the metal floc is mixed with inorganic substances with high specific heat capacity and high phase change latent heat, such as silicon dioxide, titanium hydride and the like, and the arc extinguishing media can melt and absorb arc energy to accelerate arc extinguishing. A receiving cavity 905 is arranged below the medium arc extinguishing chamber 904 and can contain melted arc extinguishing medium. The arc extinguishing method has the advantages of fast arc voltage rise, high peak value, large resistance after arc and the like.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, at least two tangent arms 23 are provided, correspondingly, two narrow slits are provided at the bottom of the arc passing cavity 903, two tangent arms 23 can form two fractures 53 on the conducting bar 5, the tangent arms 23 can continue to move into the corresponding narrow slits after cutting off the conducting bar 5, effective breaking of a middle weak portion of the conducting bar 5 is further ensured, a supporting top 61 is provided at the middle of the narrow slit assembly 6, the supporting top 61 is located between the two narrow slits, and can be used for jacking the conducting bar 5 between the two fractures 53, so as to prevent the conducting bar 5 from falling down and blocking the arc passing cavity 903, which affects an arc striking effect, and the top of the supporting top 61 is inserted into the positioning hole 51.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the partition rib 71 is further disposed on the inner bottom of the lower cover 7, the partition rib 71 extends upward to be connected to the supporting roof 61, the dielectric arc-extinguishing chamber 904 and the accommodating cavity 905 are divided into two parts, the divided dielectric arc-extinguishing chamber 904 can correspondingly melt and absorb the electric arcs led out from different narrow slits, and due to the fact that the arc-extinguishing medium contains the metal flocs, the arc-extinguishing medium can also prevent the arc-extinguishing medium from rising too fast due to the fact that the metal flocs burn together, and further, the electric arc can be prevented from flowing backward and bunching.

Therefore, a plurality of fractures 53 are provided, narrow grooves are sequentially arranged from top to bottom for arc striking of each fracture 53, a medium arc extinguish chamber 904 is arranged for melting and absorbing electric arcs, and an accommodating cavity 905 is arranged for accommodating arc extinguishing media falling down after melting, so that a good arc extinguishing effect can be achieved.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to enhance the sealing effect, a sealing strip 402 is provided at the contact of the upper cover 4 with the supporting connection member 1, and an upper extending edge of the lower cover 7 is embedded into the supporting connection member 1.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the instantaneous breaker further includes an upper case 3 and a lower case 8, the upper case 3 is disposed outside the supporting connection member 1 and the upper cover 4, preventing the upper cover 4 from flying out due to explosion caused by excessive internal air pressure, and the lower case 8 is wrapped outside the lower cover 7 to reinforce the strength of the lower cover 7 and tightly fix the lower cover 7 in the lower side surface of the supporting connection member 1.

Referring to fig. 5, a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a composite arc extinguishing method based on the above instantaneous breaker, including the following steps:

s1, after receiving the ignition signal, the igniter 401 ignites;

specifically, when an overcurrent condition is detected in the external circuit, a signal is given through the line to trigger the igniter 401 to ignite.

S2, the energy fluctuation generated after the ignition of the igniter 401 pushes the striker 2, so that the striker 2 moves from the first position to the second position to cut off the conductive bar 5 and generate an electric arc;

specifically, after ignition, the air pressure in the ignition cavity 901 is increased instantaneously, the lower striker 2 is pushed to move downwards, the weak part in the middle of the conductive bar 5 is cut off rapidly, an electric arc is generated at the fracture 53, meanwhile, the air in the extrusion cavity 902 is extruded downwards, and the electric arc is rapidly elongated downwards under the action of the air flow extruded by the striker 2 and the extrusion cavity 902.

S3, drawing the arc downwards through the over-arc cavity 903, where the arc can reach the dielectric arc-extinguishing chamber 904 through the over-arc cavity 903;

specifically, striker 2 continues to move downward into over-arc cavity 903, forcing the line current to drop rapidly as the physical pinch becomes smaller and pinch cavity 902 blows as the over-arc cavity 903 has a smaller clearance to the striker 2. At the same time, the arc flows over the surface of the striker 2 and the slot, and is decomposed under arc ablation to generate gas, which increases the gas pressure in the over-arc cavity 903 and blows a portion of the arc into the dielectric arc chute 904.

S4, melting and absorbing energy generated by the electric arc through an arc extinguishing medium in the medium arc extinguishing chamber 904, and extinguishing the electric arc;

specifically, the dielectric arc-extinguishing chamber 904 is filled with arc-extinguishing media such as metal floc and filler, and the arc-extinguishing media melts and absorbs energy generated by the arc, thereby accelerating the arc extinguishing. The metal wool also acts as an arc initiator, directing the arc into the dielectric arc chute 904 and reducing carbonization of other component surfaces caused by arc ablation.

S5, the arc-extinguishing medium dropped after melting is received by the receiving cavity 905.

Specifically, according to the sequence from top to bottom, the air pressure of the ignition cavity 901, the extrusion cavity 902, the arc passing cavity 903, the medium arc extinguishing chamber 904 and the accommodating cavity 905 is gradually decreased, so that the arc extinguishing medium moves from top to bottom and is gradually cooled after the arc and the vaporized arc extinguishing medium are ensured, and the arc extinguishing medium finally falls into the accommodating cavity 905.

It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above may be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present disclosure may be executed in parallel or sequentially or in different orders, and are not limited herein as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in the present disclosure can be achieved.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Terms referring to "first direction", "second direction", and the like, refer to a straight line direction unless otherwise specifically limited. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An instantaneous interrupter, comprising: an upper cover (4), a lower cover (7), a firing pin (2), a conductive bar (5) and a narrow slit component (6), the upper cover (4), the firing pin (2), the conducting bar (5), the narrow slit component (6) and the lower cover (7) are arranged from top to bottom, a supporting connecting piece (1) is arranged between the upper cover (4) and the lower cover (7), a stroke limit middle hole (11) for accommodating the firing pin (2) is arranged in the supporting connecting piece (1), the striker (2) can move in the travel limit central hole (11) from a first position to a second position, when the striker (2) is in the first position, the bottom of which is located on the upper side of the conductive bar (5), and the striker (2) in the second position, the bottom of the conductive bar (5) is positioned at the lower side of the conductive bar, and the conductive bar (5) can be cut off and an electric arc can be generated in the process of moving the firing pin (2); narrow slit subassembly (6) with lower cover (7) inner wall connection be equipped with on narrow slit subassembly (6) and supply arc through cross arc cavity (903), the opening orientation of crossing arc cavity (903) striker (2) sets up the downside of narrow slit subassembly (6) is provided with medium explosion chamber (904) that is used for melting and absorbs the arc energy, cross arc cavity (903) and communicate to medium explosion chamber (904), medium explosion chamber (904) with still be formed with between the inner bottom of lower cover (7) and be used for holding the storage cavity (905) of the arc extinguishing medium after melting.

2. The instantaneous interrupter of claim 1, wherein the striker (2) comprises a tangent end (21) and a firing end (22), the firing end (22) is adjacent to the upper cover (4), and a firing cavity (901) is formed between the firing end (22) and the upper cover (4), and a firing tool (401) is disposed in the firing cavity (901).

3. The instantaneous interrupter of claim 2, characterized in that the striker (2) comprises a sliding part (24) slidably fitted in the stroke limit central hole (11) and a tangent arm (23), and the tangent end (21) is provided at a bottom end of the tangent arm (23); an extrusion cavity (902) is formed between the sliding part (24) and the conductive row (5), a limiting groove (25) is formed in the peripheral wall of the firing pin (2) along the motion path of the firing pin, and a limiting rib matched with the limiting groove (25) is formed in the stroke limiting middle hole (11) along the motion path.

4. Instantaneous interrupter according to claim 3, characterized in that at least two of the tangent arms (23) are provided.

5. Instant breaker according to claim 4 characterized in that two said tangent arms (23) form two breaks (53) on said conducting bar (5), a supporting vertex (61) is provided in the middle of said narrow slit assembly (6), said supporting vertex (61) is used to jack up the conducting bar (5) between two said breaks (53).

6. A momentary switch according to claim 5, characterized in that a partition rib (71) is further provided on the inner bottom of the lower cover (7), and the partition rib (71) extends upward to connect with the supporting roof (61) to divide the medium extinguishing chamber (904) and the receiving cavity (905) into two parts.

7. An instantaneous circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing strip (402) is arranged at the contact position of the upper cover (4) and the supporting connecting piece (1), and an upper extending edge of the lower cover (7) is embedded into the supporting connecting piece (1).

8. An instantaneous cut-off device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising an upper case (3) for preventing the upper cover (4) from flying out and a lower case (8) for reinforcing the strength of the lower cover (7), the upper case (3) being disposed outside the supporting link (1) and the upper cover (4), the lower case (8) being wrapped outside the lower cover (7).

9. The instantaneous circuit breaker of claim 1, characterized in that said dielectric arc extinguishing chamber (904) is filled with an arc extinguishing medium comprising a metal flock.

10. A composite arc extinguishing method based on the instant breaker of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:

after receiving the ignition signal, the igniter (401) ignites;

energy fluctuation generated after the ignition tool (401) ignites pushes the striker (2), so that the striker (2) moves from a first position to a second position to cut off the conductive row (5) and generate electric arc;

drawing the arc downwards through an over-arc cavity (903), wherein the arc passes through the over-arc cavity (903) to a medium arc extinguishing chamber (904);

absorbing energy generated by the arc through melting of an arc-extinguishing medium in the medium arc-extinguishing chamber (904) and extinguishing the arc;

arc-extinguishing medium falling down after melting is accommodated by the accommodating cavity (905).