CN115031456B - Ice making and cooling system, refrigerator car and ice making and cooling control method thereof - Google Patents
Ice making and cooling system, refrigerator car and ice making and cooling control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115031456B CN115031456B CN202210729776.1A CN202210729776A CN115031456B CN 115031456 B CN115031456 B CN 115031456B CN 202210729776 A CN202210729776 A CN 202210729776A CN 115031456 B CN115031456 B CN 115031456B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C1/00—Producing ice
- F25C1/04—Producing ice by using stationary moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
- B60P3/20—Refrigerated goods vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C5/00—Working or handling ice
- F25C5/18—Storing ice
- F25C5/182—Ice bins therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C2600/00—Control issues
- F25C2600/04—Control means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
Abstract
The invention relates to an ice making and cooling system, a refrigerator car and an ice making and cooling control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of refrigeration control. The system comprises an ice slurry cooling system and a refrigerant cooling system, wherein the ice slurry cooling system is used for preparing ice slurry, and conveying the ice slurry to an inlet of a heat exchange pipeline of a space to be refrigerated to realize refrigeration; the refrigerant cooling system recycles the gaseous refrigerant generated in the ice making process through the compression refrigerating unit. The refrigerator car comprises a refrigerator body and a cab, and the ice-making and cooling system is used for refrigerating the refrigerator body and/or the cab. The method comprises the steps of detecting the current ice content in a slurry storage cylinder and the current temperature of a space to be refrigerated, setting a threshold value according to the ice content, an upper limit value of the ice content, setting a temperature threshold value, and controlling the high and low temperatures, and controlling the start and stop of an ice slurry cooling system and a refrigerant cooling system. The two refrigeration modes in the invention are matched with each other to realize flexible cold storage and refrigeration, the system is stable and reliable, the refrigeration efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, and the refrigeration effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration control, and particularly relates to an ice making and cooling system, a refrigerator car and an ice making and cooling control method thereof.
Background
The direct contact type fluid ice slurry producer in the prior art can directly collide the refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant to produce ice, such as the Chinese patent publication No. CN 110500833B, which is a direct contact type fluid ice slurry producer and a production method. The direct contact ice making mode can improve ice making efficiency. However, the conventional ice making and refrigerating method simply uses the prepared ice slurry for refrigerating facilities such as a refrigerator car and a freezer, and the refrigerating method is single. Although some existing refrigeration systems have various refrigeration modes, the refrigeration efficiency is low and the energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ice making and cooling system, a refrigerator car and an ice making and cooling control method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of low refrigeration efficiency and high energy consumption of the existing refrigeration system.
The technical scheme of the ice making and cooling system provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the ice making and cooling system comprises an ice slurry cooling system and a refrigerant cooling system;
the ice slurry cooling system comprises an ice slurry making cylinder and a slurry storage cylinder, wherein the ice slurry making cylinder is provided with an ice slurry outlet, a refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerating medium inlet, the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet are all positioned above the ice slurry outlet, and the refrigerating medium inlet are oppositely arranged so that the input refrigerating medium and the refrigerating medium are in opposite collision; the ice slurry outlet of the ice making cylinder is connected with the ice slurry inlet of the slurry storage cylinder through a pipeline, the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder is connected with the inlet of a heat exchange pipeline of a space to be refrigerated through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet of the ice making cylinder through a pipeline;
The refrigerant cooling system comprises a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchange pipeline which are arranged in a space to be refrigerated; the refrigerant outlet is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline, the output port of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, the output port of the condenser is respectively connected with the inlet of the evaporator and the inlet of the refrigerant through a pipeline, and the output port of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline.
The technical scheme of the refrigerated truck provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the refrigerator car comprises a refrigerator body and a cab, and further comprises an ice making and cooling system, wherein the ice making and cooling system comprises an ice slurry cooling system and a refrigerant cooling system;
the ice slurry cooling system comprises an ice slurry making cylinder and a slurry storage cylinder, wherein the ice slurry making cylinder is provided with an ice slurry outlet, a refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerating medium inlet, the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet are all positioned above the ice slurry outlet, and the refrigerating medium inlet are oppositely arranged so that the input refrigerating medium and the refrigerating medium are in opposite collision; the ice slurry outlet of the ice making cylinder is connected with the ice slurry inlet of the slurry storage cylinder through a pipeline, the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder is connected with the inlet of the space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated through a pipeline, and the outlet of the space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet of the ice making cylinder through a pipeline;
The refrigerant cooling system comprises a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator and a space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated, which are arranged on the refrigerator car; the refrigerant outlet is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline, the output port of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, the output port of the condenser is respectively connected with the inlet of the evaporator and the refrigerant inlet through a pipeline, and the output port of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline;
the space to be refrigerated is a refrigerator body and/or a cab.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: gaseous refrigerant generated by the direct collision of the refrigerant and the refrigerating medium is compressed by a compressor to realize the circulation refrigeration, the refrigerating medium is partially subjected to phase change, ice slurry is generated at the lower part of the ice making cylinder, the ice slurry with thicker upper layer in the ice making cylinder is stored in the ice storage cylinder to supply cold for facilities such as a refrigerator car and a refrigeration house, so that the energy utilization rate can be improved through the phase change cold storage, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are realized. Therefore, the refrigerating system realizes flexible cold storage and refrigeration by mutually matching two refrigeration modes, and has the advantages of stable and reliable system, high refrigerating efficiency, small energy consumption and good refrigerating effect.
Aiming at the technical scheme of the ice-making and cooling system, further, a solid-liquid separator is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline and the coolant inlet, the inlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline, the first outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the slurry storage cylinder, and the second outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the coolant inlet; the solid-liquid separator is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the refrigerant output by the heat exchange pipeline, and enabling solid ice particles which are not completely melted to flow back to the slurry storage cylinder through the first outlet, and enabling melted liquid to flow into the ice making cylinder through the second outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet.
Solid ice particles which are not completely melted can be separated out through the solid-liquid separator for recycling, so that the refrigeration efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is further reduced.
According to the technical scheme of the ice making and cooling system, further, a slurry pump is arranged on a communicating pipeline between an ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and the heat exchange pipeline and used for pumping ice slurry in the slurry storage cylinder to the heat exchange pipeline to realize heat exchange, a valve is arranged between the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and the slurry pump, and a throttle valve is arranged on pipelines of a refrigerant outlet, an evaporator inlet and a refrigerant inlet.
Through refrigerant reflux and throttle valve regulation, the inlet flow of the evaporator can be regulated, and the throttle and the pressure are reduced, so that the refrigeration performance is further improved.
Aiming at the technical scheme of the refrigerator car, further, a solid-liquid separator is arranged on a pipeline between an outlet of a space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated and a refrigerating medium inlet, the inlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the outlet of the space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated, a first outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with a slurry storage cylinder, and a second outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet; the solid-liquid separator is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the refrigerant output by the heat exchange pipeline, and enabling solid ice particles which are not completely melted to flow back to the slurry storage cylinder through the first outlet, and enabling melted liquid to flow into the ice making cylinder through the second outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet. Solid ice particles which are not completely melted can be separated out through the solid-liquid separator for recycling, so that the refrigeration efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is further reduced.
According to the technical scheme of the refrigerator car, a heat supply pipeline is further arranged between the condenser and the cab, the heat supply pipeline is used for supplying heat generated by the condenser to the cab, and a heat supply valve is arranged on the heat supply pipeline. The heat supply pipeline can utilize the heat generated by the condenser to supply heat for the cab, so that the full utilization of energy is realized, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the heat supply cost is reduced.
According to the technical scheme of the refrigerator car, further, a slurry pump is arranged on a communicating pipeline between an ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and a heat exchange pipeline of a space to be refrigerated, the slurry pump is used for pumping ice slurry in the slurry storage cylinder to the heat exchange pipeline of the space to be refrigerated to realize heat exchange, a valve is arranged between the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and the slurry pump, and a throttle valve is arranged on pipelines between a refrigerant outlet and an evaporator inlet and on pipelines between the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerant inlet. Is regulated by a refrigerant return and a throttle valve. The inlet flow of the evaporator can be regulated, and the pressure is reduced, so that the refrigerating performance is further improved.
According to the technical scheme of the refrigerated vehicle, further, the power supply of the ice making and cooling system comprises solar photovoltaic power generation, hybrid generator power generation of the refrigerated vehicle, an energy storage battery and a power supply of the refrigerated vehicle. The system has the advantages that various power supply modes are arranged for the ice making and cooling system of the refrigerator car, the various power supply modes are matched with each other, normal and reliable operation of the ice making and cooling system is guaranteed, in addition, the power supply mode of solar power generation is combined with the ice slurry cold storage and cooling system, the fuel consumption of the refrigerator car is greatly reduced, the emission of CO2 is reduced, and the environment protection is facilitated.
The invention provides a method for controlling ice making and cooling of a refrigerator car for solving the technical problems, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder and the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated, and when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is smaller than the ice content set threshold and the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is smaller than the low-temperature control temperature, making ice by an ice making and cooling system, wherein the ice making and cooling system and the refrigerant cooling system do not cool the space to be refrigerated; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is smaller than the ice content set threshold and the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is greater than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system makes ice, and the ice making and cooling system and/or the refrigerant cooling system cool the space to be refrigerated; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than or equal to the ice content set threshold value and the ice content is smaller than or equal to the ice content upper limit value, if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is smaller than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system makes ice, and the ice making and cooling system and the refrigerant cooling system do not cool the space to be refrigerated; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than or equal to the ice content set threshold value and the ice content is smaller than or equal to the ice content upper limit value, if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is larger than the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system makes ice, and the ice making and cooling system and/or the refrigerant cooling system cool the space to be refrigerated; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than the upper limit value of the ice content, if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is smaller than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system does not make ice, and the ice making and cooling system and the refrigerant cooling system do not cool the space to be refrigerated; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than the upper limit value of the ice content, if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is larger than the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system does not make ice, and the ice making and cooling system and/or the refrigerant cooling system cool the space to be refrigerated.
The ice making and cooling control method has the beneficial effects that: according to the refrigeration and cold supply control method, the two cold supply systems can be matched with each other according to the current temperature and the ice content in the slurry storage barrel to realize flexible cold storage and refrigeration, the system is stable and reliable, the refrigeration efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, and a good refrigeration effect is achieved.
The invention provides a method for controlling ice making and cooling of a refrigerator car for solving the technical problems, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the current temperature in the refrigerator body, and controlling the ice slurry cooling system and the refrigerant cooling system to work simultaneously when the current temperature in the refrigerator body is higher than the set high-temperature control temperature; when the current temperature in the refrigerator body is less than or equal to the set high-temperature control temperature, the refrigerant cooling system is controlled to be not operated, and only the ice slurry cooling system is controlled to be operated until the current temperature of the refrigerator car is less than or equal to the set low-temperature control temperature, and the ice slurry cooling system is controlled to stop operating.
The ice making and cooling control method has the beneficial effects that: according to the refrigerating and cooling control method, two cooling systems can be matched with each other according to the current temperature in the refrigerator body and the set high and low temperature control temperature to realize flexible cold storage and refrigeration, the system is stable and reliable, the refrigerating efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, and a good refrigerating effect is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ice making and cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system of an ice making and cooling system of a refrigerated vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an ice making and cooling system of a refrigerated vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a cooling control method of the ice making and cooling control system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for controlling ice making and cooling of a refrigerator body of a refrigerator car according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for controlling ice making and cooling in a cab of a refrigerated vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a power supply method of an ice making and cooling system of a refrigerator car according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings.
Ice making and Cold supply System embodiments
The technical concept of the present embodiment is as follows: when the refrigerating medium and the refrigerant are collided to generate ice slurry, gaseous refrigerant is formed above the ice making cylinder, on one hand, the gaseous refrigerant is input into the compression refrigerating unit and is compressed by the compressor to realize cyclic ice making, the refrigerating medium and the refrigerant are collided to each other, the refrigerating medium is partially subjected to phase change, the ice slurry is generated at the lower part of the ice making cylinder, and the ice slurry with higher upper layer in the ice making cylinder is stored in the ice storage cylinder to cool the refrigerator car, the freezer and other facilities. On the other hand, when the temperature of the space to be refrigerated is higher, the gaseous refrigerant can absorb the heat of the space to be refrigerated through the evaporator, so that the space to be refrigerated is cooled, the ice making and cooling system of the embodiment can not only realize cyclic ice making, but also provide two cooling modes, namely, refrigeration by utilizing the gaseous refrigerant and refrigeration by utilizing the prepared ice slurry, and the cyclic ice making and the two refrigeration modes are in cooperation flexible and efficient, so that the cold storage and refrigeration are realized.
As shown in fig. 1, the ice making and cooling system of the embodiment includes an ice slurry cooling system and a refrigerant cooling system, the ice slurry cooling system includes an ice slurry making cylinder and a slurry storage cylinder, the ice slurry making cylinder is provided with an ice slurry outlet, a refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerating medium inlet, the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet are all positioned above the ice slurry outlet, and the refrigerating medium inlet are relatively arranged so that the input refrigerating medium and the refrigerating medium are in opposite collision; the ice slurry outlet of the ice making cylinder is connected with the ice slurry inlet of the slurry storage cylinder through a pipeline, the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder is connected with the inlet of a heat exchange pipeline of a space to be refrigerated through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet of the ice making cylinder through a pipeline;
the refrigerant cooling system comprises a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchange pipeline which are arranged in the space to be refrigerated; the refrigerant outlet is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline, the output port of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, the output port of the condenser is respectively connected with the inlet of the evaporator and the inlet of the refrigerant through a pipeline, and the output port of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline.
In order to recycle solid ice particles which are not completely melted after heat exchange, the energy consumption is reduced, the refrigeration efficiency is improved, a solid-liquid separator is arranged on a pipeline between an outlet of a heat exchange pipeline and a refrigerating medium inlet, the inlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline, the first outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with a slurry storage cylinder, and the second outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet; the solid-liquid separator is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the refrigerant output by the heat exchange pipeline, and enabling solid ice particles which are not completely melted to flow back to the slurry storage cylinder through the first outlet, and enabling melted liquid to flow into the ice making cylinder through the second outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet for recycling ice making.
Further, on the basis of the embodiment, in order to improve conveying efficiency and quality, a slurry pump is arranged on a communicating pipeline between an ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and the heat exchange pipeline and used for pumping ice slurry in the slurry storage cylinder to the heat exchange pipeline to realize heat exchange, and a valve is arranged between the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and the slurry pump. And a throttle valve is arranged on the pipelines of the refrigerant outlet, the evaporator inlet and the refrigerant inlet. Is regulated by a refrigerant return and a throttle valve. The inlet flow of the evaporator can be regulated, and the pressure is reduced, so that the refrigerating performance is further improved.
Further, the valves mentioned in the present embodiment are all preferably electronic valves.
Furthermore, on the basis of the embodiment, heat generated when the condenser liquefies the gaseous refrigerant can be transmitted to facilities needing heating, so that energy recycling is realized, energy consumption is reduced, and energy conservation and environmental protection are realized.
The ice making and cooling system can be used for a refrigerator car, and can also be used for underground operations such as a refrigerator, a subway, mining and the like, cold spots for buildings such as office buildings and the like, and refrigeration facilities such as cold commercial vehicles, passenger vehicles and the like.
Refrigerated vehicle embodiments.
The refrigerator car includes a refrigerator body and a cab, and the refrigeration and cold supply system of the above embodiment may be applied to the refrigerator body and/or cab of the refrigerator car. When the refrigerating and cooling system in the embodiment is only applied to the refrigerator body of the refrigerator car, the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder is used for being connected to the inlet of the heat exchange pipeline of the refrigerator body through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline of the refrigerator body is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet of the ice making cylinder through a pipeline; a part of the refrigerant output by the condenser directly absorbs heat in the refrigerator compartment through the evaporator, and the other part flows back to the refrigerant inlet of the ice making cylinder.
When the refrigerating and cooling system in the embodiment is only used for the cab, the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder is used for being connected with the inlet of the heat exchange pipeline of the cab through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline of the cab is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet of the ice making cylinder through a pipeline; part of the refrigerant output by the condenser directly absorbs the heat of the cab through the evaporator, and the other part flows back to the refrigerant inlet of the ice making cylinder.
If the environment temperature of the cab is lower (such as in winter), the heat generated when the condenser liquefies the gaseous refrigerant can be transmitted to the cab through the heat supply pipeline, so that the heating of the cab is realized.
The technical scheme of the refrigerator car is further described by taking a refrigerating and cooling system as an example, wherein the refrigerating and cooling system is applied to a refrigerator body of the refrigerator car and a cab.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in the ice slurry conveying system, after collision heat exchange is carried out between the refrigerating medium and the refrigerant sprayed into the ice making cylinder, the gaseous refrigerant formed above the ice making cylinder enters a compressor of a compression refrigerating unit after being dried, then enters a condenser to be condensed and liquefied, then is throttled and decompressed by a throttle valve, and then the flow rate can be regulated by a valve, and the refrigerant fluid is divided into two paths, wherein one path directly flows into an evaporator, so that the low-temperature refrigerant directly absorbs the heat in a refrigerator compartment through the evaporator; the other path is sprayed into the ice making cylinder through a refrigerant nozzle (refrigerant inlet) to collide with the secondary refrigerant again for heat exchange so as to generate ice slurry. The coolant in this embodiment is preferably an aqueous-based nanofluid and the refrigerant is preferably R318.
When the ice slurry is transported, high-concentration ice slurry is extracted from the upper part of a slurry area in a slurry making barrel and is stored in an external slurry storage barrel, the slurry is transported to a heat exchange pipe pipeline in a refrigerator body by a slurry pump, the refrigerator body is cooled, the ice slurry absorbs heat in the refrigerator body to be partially or completely melted into water, the water flows through a solid-liquid separation barrel, solid ice particles which are not completely melted are separated out and transported into the slurry storage barrel again, and melted liquid flows into the ice making barrel again through a secondary refrigerant nozzle (secondary refrigerant inlet) after passing through the solid-liquid separation barrel for pulping so as to enter the next ice slurry transportation cycle.
Compared with a common conventional refrigerator car, the energy consumption problem of cooling and heating in the cab of the new energy vehicle has a larger influence on the performance of the vehicle, and the ice slurry cooling system of the embodiment can adjust the amount of ice slurry for cooling the cab through the valve 2 for cooling the cab in summer. The fluid which flows back from the cab may have part of unmelted ice particles, and the part of the fluid which flows back together with the slurry which flows back from the refrigerator body can flow into the solid-liquid separation cylinder for solid-liquid separation, and then the solid ice particles which are not totally melted are separated out and are transported into the slurry storage cylinder again, and the melted liquid flows into the ice making cylinder again through the secondary refrigerant nozzle (secondary refrigerant inlet) for pulping after passing through the solid-liquid separation cylinder so as to enter the next ice slurry transport cycle. At the same time of cooling in summer, the heat supply valve 1 of the condenser is closed, and the condenser directly discharges heat into the environment.
In winter, the pulp supply valve 2 is closed, the heat supply valve 1 is opened and regulated, and heat is supplied to the cab through the condenser of the refrigeration system. The cooling and heating problems of the cab can be solved through the refrigerating system on the refrigerator car.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the refrigerator car is a new energy vehicle such as lithium battery or hybrid power, the electric energy of the ice making and cooling system of the refrigerator car is mainly supplied by two power generation devices, namely a generator and a solar photovoltaic power generation device, the two power supply modes can directly supply power to electric equipment through a power management circuit such as an inverter, and the redundant energy can be stored in a storage battery. The generator of the refrigerated vehicle is preferably a hybrid friction nano generator.
Only when the power generation devices (hereinafter, referred to as multiple hybrid power generation devices) of the generator and the solar photovoltaic power generation are not sufficiently supplied and the remaining capacity of the storage battery is also insufficient, power is supplied from the power source of the vehicle to the refrigeration system. At this time, the main electric equipment in the refrigeration and cold supply system is as follows: refrigeration compressors, various pumps, cooling fans, electrical control equipment, sensors, actuators, and the like.
Embodiment one of a method for controlling ice making and cooling of a refrigerator car
According to the ice making and cooling system in the refrigerator car, the whole ice making and cooling system has three working processes, namely an ice making cylinder ice making process, refrigerating a space to be refrigerated by a gaseous refrigerant through an evaporator and delivering ice slurry in a slurry storage cylinder to the space to be refrigerated for refrigeration. The process of making ice by the ice making cylinder is hereinafter referred to as ice making, while the refrigeration of the space to be refrigerated by the gaseous refrigerant through the evaporator is referred to as refrigerant refrigeration, and the refrigeration of conveying ice slurry in the slurry storing cylinder to the space to be refrigerated is referred to as ice slurry refrigeration. And refrigerant refrigeration and ice slurry refrigeration are collectively referred to as refrigeration.
The opening and closing of ice making and refrigeration are controlled according to the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder and the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated, and the specific control method comprises the following steps:
detecting the current ice content in the slurry storage barrel and the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated, when the current ice content in the slurry storage barrel is smaller than the ice content set threshold value and the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is smaller than the low-temperature control temperature, only making ice and not refrigerating, and when the current ice content in the slurry storage barrel is smaller than the ice content set threshold value and the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is greater than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature, making ice and refrigerating; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than or equal to the ice content set threshold value and the ice content is smaller than or equal to the ice content upper limit value, only ice making is performed and refrigeration is not performed if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is smaller than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature, and both ice making and refrigeration are performed if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is larger than the low-temperature control temperature; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than the upper limit value of the ice content, if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is smaller than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature, neither ice making nor refrigeration is carried out, and if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is larger than the low-temperature control temperature, only refrigeration is carried out.
In order to still enable cyclic ice making without refrigeration to increase the ice content in the ice-making cartridge, the following may be employed: in the first mode, a straight-through pipeline is arranged between the slurry pump output port and the solid-liquid separation cylinder, namely, the ice slurry output from the slurry storage cylinder is directly input into the solid-liquid separation cylinder without passing through the heat exchange pipeline in the refrigerator body and the cab, and the straight-through pipeline is provided with a valve 8, so that when only ice making is needed and refrigeration is not needed, only the valve 8 is opened, and at the moment, the circulating ice making without refrigeration is realized.
In the second mode, a pipeline is arranged between the low-concentration ice slurry outlet at the bottom of the ice making cylinder and the refrigerating medium inlet, a slurry pump is arranged on the pipeline, and circulating ice making is realized through the pipeline.
When the ice-containing rate of the ice making barrel is improved, one of the two modes can be adopted, or the two modes can be adopted simultaneously. When the mode of two-cycle ice making is adopted independently, the valve 7 is required to be closed, and at the moment, the high-concentration slurry does not output refrigeration any more, and the low-concentration slurry can be used for circularly making ice to improve the concentration of ice slurry.
Wherein, the ice content setting threshold value can be set manually, such as 20%, 45%, 50%, 55%, etc.; the set temperature threshold can be set manually, such as-20 ℃, -22 ℃, -18 ℃ and the like; the upper limit of the ice content may be set manually, for example, 80%, 90%, 95%, etc. The present embodiment will be further described with reference to an example in which the ice content is set to 20%, the temperature is set to-20 ℃, the upper limit of the ice content is 80%, and the ice content is increased as soon as the ice content is increased, as shown in fig. 4.
In fig. 4, wc is the current ice-containing ratio in the slurry storage drum, W1 is the artificially set ice-containing ratio value (ice-containing ratio set threshold value) in the slurry storage drum, wh is the ice-containing ratio upper limit value, T4 is the artificially set low-temperature control temperature in the refrigerator car, i.e., the set temperature threshold value (assuming steady state is reached), and Tc is the current temperature detected by the temperature sensor. Let the ice-containing ratio set threshold W1 be 20%, T4 be-20 ℃ (steady state), and the ice-containing ratio upper limit Wh be 80%. When the ice-containing rate sensor detects that the ice-containing rate Wc in the current slurry storage cylinder is less than 20% (a set value of W1), judging whether the current temperature Tc in the refrigerator body is less than the low-temperature control temperature T4, if so, closing the control valve 6, opening the control valve 8, only making ice slurry, and keeping the rest valves in the current working state; if Tc is greater than or equal to T4, the control valve 6 is opened, the compressor works, the control valve 8 is closed, and the rest valves keep the current state, and the pulping and cooling work simultaneously; if the ice content Wc in the current slurry storage cylinder is more than or equal to W1 and Wc is less than or equal to Wh, judging whether the current temperature Tc is less than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature T4, if Tc is less than or equal to T4, closing the control valve 6, opening the control valve 8 to make ice slurry, keeping the rest valves in the current working state, if Tc is more than T4, opening the control valve 6, closing the control valve 8, keeping the rest valves in the current state, and simultaneously working the slurry making and cooling; if the ice content Wc in the current slurry storage cylinder is greater than Wh, judging whether the current temperature Tc is less than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature T4, if Tc is less than or equal to T4, stopping the slurry pump from delivering ice slurry, stopping the compressor, and supplying redundant electric energy to a storage battery and a vehicle power system (such as a power battery of a new energy vehicle) at the moment; if Tc > T4, the compressor stops working, the slurry pump delivers ice slurry, the control valve 6 is opened, the control valve 8 is closed, and the rest valves keep the current state.
Embodiment II of ice making and cooling control method of refrigerator car
In this embodiment, when the ice content in the ice making barrel is not considered, only the cooling control method at the current temperature of the refrigerator body is considered, and a high temperature control temperature is set in this embodiment, and the high temperature control temperature is greater than the low temperature control temperature. The temperature control method is characterized in that the temperature control method comprises the following steps of dividing three temperature intervals into low temperature control temperature and high temperature control temperature, wherein the current temperature in the refrigerator body is in different temperature intervals, and different control methods are realized, specifically:
detecting the current temperature in the refrigerator body, and when the current temperature in the refrigerator body is higher than the set high-temperature control temperature, simultaneously performing an ice slurry refrigeration mode and a refrigerant refrigeration mode; when the current temperature in the refrigerator body is less than or equal to the set high-temperature control temperature, only the ice slurry refrigeration mode is performed, and the refrigerant refrigeration mode is not performed until the current temperature of the refrigerator car is less than or equal to the set low-temperature control temperature, and the ice slurry cooling system is controlled to stop working.
Wherein, the high temperature control temperature can be set manually, such as 0 ℃, 1 ℃ and-1 ℃, and the low temperature control temperature can also be set manually, such as-20 ℃, 19 ℃ and-21 ℃.
In order to prevent frequent switching of the control switch during the control, a temperature control margin, such as 3 ℃, 5 ℃, etc., may be provided.
As shown in FIG. 5, wherein T h Temperature T is controlled for artificially set high temperature in refrigerator car 4 Low temperature control temperature (T 4 ＜T h ) The temperature sensor detects the current temperature as T c When T c Is greater than the high temperature control temperature T h When the temperature in the refrigerated vehicle is higher, the valves 3, 4 and 6 are controlled to be opened simultaneously, and the two refrigeration modes work simultaneously. Up to the current temperature T c Less than or equal to the high temperature control temperature T h When the controller executes the following commands: when T is c Less than or equal to the high temperature control temperature T h When the control valve 4 is closed, the control valves 3 and 6 are kept in an open state until T c Less than or equal to the low temperature control temperature T 4 When this is done, the control valves 3, 6 are closed.
In order to prevent frequent actuation of the control valves 3, 6, a temperature control margin DeltaT may be provided 4 (△T 4 Positive value) when the temperature is reduced until the current temperature is lower than the low temperature control temperature T 4 When the temperature is raised in the closed state of the valves 3, 6, the control valves 3, 6 are closed, and the temperature is raised to the low temperature control temperature T 4 +△T 4 In this case, the control valves 3 and 6 are opened again, and when the current temperature fluctuates around the low temperature control temperature, frequent operations of the control valves 3 and 6 are controlled.
For example, assume T h At 0 ℃, T 4 At-20 ℃ and delta T 4 Is 5 ℃. The temperature sensor detects the current temperature as T c When T c A temperature T of greater than 0℃ (high temperature control temperature) h ) When the temperature in the refrigerated vehicle is higher, the valves 3, 4 and 6 are controlled to be opened simultaneously, and the two refrigeration modes work simultaneously. Up to the current temperature T c Less than or equal to 0 ℃ (high temperature control temperature T) h ) When the controller executes the following commands: when T is c Less than or equal to 0 ℃ (high temperature control temperature T) h ) When the control valve 4 is closed, the control valves 3 and 6 are kept in an open state until Tc is less than or equal to-20 ℃ (low temperature control temperature T) 4 ) When this is done, the control valves 3, 6 are closed. When the current temperature T of the refrigerator body c When the temperature starts to rise from the low temperature control temperature, the control valves 3 and 6 are kept closed until the temperature rises to-15 ℃ (T) 4 +△T 4 ) The control valves 3, 6 are opened only when this is the case.
An incremental PID closed-loop control method can be adopted to control the opening and closing of the valve so as to regulate the flow of the circulating ice slurry, realize the cooling and reach the target temperature.
As shown in FIG. 6, a method of controlling temperature in a cab is shown, in which T 1 Setting the temperature of the controller in the cab in winter, delta T 1 Is the temperature control margin (DeltaT) 1 Positive value). Let T in winter 1 The temperature value is set to 15℃, delta T 1 At 5 ℃, the temperature sensor detects that the current temperature in the cab is T j When T j When the temperature is less than 15 ℃, the control valve 1 is opened, the condenser supplies heat to the cab, otherwise T j 15 ℃ or higher (T) 1 Value) is less than or equal to 20 ℃ (T) 1 +△T 1 ) The current state of the controller is kept unchanged until T is reached j More than 20 ℃ (T) 1 +△T 1 ) The control valve 1 is closed.
Wherein T is 2 Setting the temperature of the controller in the cab to be on or off in summer, delta T 2 Is the temperature control margin (DeltaT) 2 Is of negative value, T 2 +△T 2 ＞T 1 ). Let it be summer T 2 The temperature value is set to 26℃, delta T 2 At-5 ℃, the temperature sensor detects that the current temperature in the cab is T j When T j More than 26 ℃ (T) 2 Temperature) controls the valve 2 to open, the refrigeration device supplies cold to the cab, otherwise T j At least 21 ℃ (T) 2 +△T 2 ) Less than or equal to 26 ℃ (T) 2 Temperature) of the valve until T j Less than 21 ℃ (T) 2 +△T 2 ) The control valve 2 is closed.
As shown in fig. 7, a system power supply control strategy is presented. When the sunlight is sufficient, the power detection equipment detects that the power supply power of the hybrid power generation system is larger than the power load of the refrigerating system, the power supply switch 5 is closed, and the hybrid power generation equipment is directly used for supplying power to the refrigerating unit, the slurry supply unit and other equipment. When the generated energy of the hybrid power generation equipment is insufficient, the detection equipment detects whether the SOC of the storage battery meets the use requirement, if the SOC of the storage battery meets the use requirement, the power supply switch 5 is closed, and the storage battery and the hybrid power generation are combined to supply power to the power utilization system. When the detection finds that the SOC of the storage battery can not meet the use requirement, the power supply switch 5 is required to be disconnected, and the power system for the vehicle is directly used for supplying power.
A specific example is given below to illustrate the arrangement strategy of the solar panel.
Referring to the conventional refrigerated truck, the refrigerated truck has a truck length of 9.6m, a container length of 7.010m, a container width of 2.300m, and an available top floor area of 16.123m 2 The cold insulation material of the carriage heat insulation layer is 100mm thick polyurethane foam, the two sides are 5mm thick glass fiber reinforced plastic plate skins, and the speed of the refrigerated vehicle in running is 24m/s.
The calculation of the carriage heat transfer coefficient K isThe heat transfer coefficient of the carriage is calculated to be 0.231W/(m) 2 ·K)。
The required cooling load for the refrigerated vehicle compartment includes: the cold load caused by heat transfer of the carriage box body, the cold load generated by hot air infiltration of carriage gaps, the cold load generated by solar radiation and the cold load generated by door opening during loading and unloading of cargoes.
(1) Cold load caused by heat transfer of carriage box
Cold load phi caused by heat transfer of carriage box body 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: phi (phi) 1 ＝KA(θ w -θ n ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A carriage calculates heat transfer area, m 2 103.9m 2 ；θ w The temperature outside the carriage is 32 ℃ in summer; taking the temperature outside the compartment in winter to be 0 ℃; θ n Taking the temperature in the carriage to be minus 20 ℃; the cooling load required by heat transfer of the carriage body in summer can be obtained through calculation to be 1248.05W; the heat transfer in winter requires a cooling load of 480.02W.
(2) Cold load generated by penetration of hot air into carriage gap
Generally, 10% -20% of the cold load caused by heat transfer of the carriage box body is taken, and 15% is taken. The calculation can be carried out, and the cold load generated by the penetration of the hot air into the gaps of the carriage in summer is 187.21W; the cold load generated by the penetration of hot air into the gaps of the carriage in winter is 72.00W.
(3) The cooling load required for solar radiation
The cooling load phi required for solar radiation 3 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:A y taking 50% of the heat transfer area of the carriage for the solar radiation area of the carriage; the irradiation time of t sun per day is generally 12 hours; the difference between the average temperature of the delta theta carriage surface and the temperature outside the carriage is considered to be 30 ℃ in summer and winter; the cooling load required due to solar radiation can be calculated to be 180.00W.
(4) Cold load generated by opening door during loading and unloading goods
Cold load phi generated by door opening during loading and unloading of goods 4 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: phi (phi) 4 ＝f(φ 1 +φ 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the f, taking a door opening frequency coefficient of 0.5; substituting the known parameters to calculate the cold load generated by opening the door when loading and unloading cargoes, wherein the cold load is 714.03W in summer; the winter time is 330.01W.
(5) The total cooling load required by the refrigerator car
The total cooling load phi required in summer is 2329.29W calculated from the data; the total cooling load required in winter was 1062.03W.
The power supply load of the vehicle-mounted solar hybrid power supply system is calculated as follows according to winter and summer respectively:
taking Henan province as an example, henan province has total solar radiation of 4300 MJ/(m) 2 ·a)～5000MJ/(m 2 Between a). The average number of sunshine hours is 1840-2400 hours, and the average number of sunshine hours in Zhengzhou city is 2400 hours. The average daily sunlight hours was 6.58 hours. Assume that the average sunlight time in summer is 7 hours; the sunshine duration in winter is 5 hours. The following is a specific solar photovoltaic panel correlation calculation: the number of photovoltaic cell panels in series, the number of photovoltaic cell panels in parallel, the number of photovoltaic cell panels, the maximum current and the maximum electric power.
(1) Series number of photovoltaic cell panels
Series number n of photovoltaic cell panels s The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:n s the number of photovoltaic cell panels connected in series; u (U) p Actual voltage of the photovoltaic cell panel assembly, V; u (U) m Peak output voltage of single photovoltaic cell panel, V; the actual voltage of the photovoltaic cell panel component is 1.4 of the working voltage of the storage batteryAbout 15 times and 1.4 times. The working voltage of the storage battery is 48V, and the capacity is 250 A.h; the actual voltage of the photovoltaic panel assembly was thus 67.2V. Because the area is limited, and the selected power is large and small in order to ensure the working efficiency, the JKM335M-60 type photovoltaic cell panel is selected, the cell size is 156x156mm, the component size is 1650x992x35mm, the single peak electric power is 335W, the peak output voltage is 34.0V, the peak output current is 9.87A, and the short-circuit current is 10.36A. The serial number of the photovoltaic cell panels can be calculated to be 1.98, and the number of the photovoltaic cell panels is rounded up to be 2.
(2) Parallel quantity of photovoltaic cell panels
Parallel number n of photovoltaic cell panels p The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:n p the number of photovoltaic cell panels connected in parallel; />The inclination angle correction coefficient of the solar photovoltaic module is 0.95; t is t d The maximum continuous working time of the storage battery is 14h; rated input electric power of the P motor is 3200W; u motor voltage, V, 380V; t is t a The average sunshine time of the year under the standard test condition is h/d, 7h/d in summer and 5h/d in winter; i m A photovoltaic cell panel short-circuit current, A; η (eta) B The charging efficiency of the storage battery is 0.85; f (f) e The loss compensation coefficient of the solar photovoltaic module is 0.9; s is S p Taking 0.9 of dust compensation coefficient; the parallel quantity of the photovoltaic cell panels can be calculated to be 3.14 in summer and taken as 4; in winter, 2.24 is taken as 3.
(3) Number of photovoltaic panels
The calculation formula of the number n of the photovoltaic cell panels is as follows: n=n s n p The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The number of the photovoltaic cell panels can be calculated as follows: 6 blocks in winter; 8 blocks in summer.
(4) Maximum current and maximum electric power
Maximum current I generated by photovoltaic cell panel assembly max The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: i max ＝n p I m The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating to obtain the photovoltaicThe maximum current produced by the panel assembly was 41.44A. Maximum electric power P generated by photovoltaic cell panel assembly max The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: p (P) max ＝nP m The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The maximum electric power generated by the photovoltaic cell panel assembly can be calculated to be 2680W in summer; the solar energy storage device has the advantages that the solar energy storage device is 2010W in winter, and finally 8 solar energy panels can meet the requirements of cold storage power in summer and winter, so that the selected solar energy panels can meet the power required by the load of the refrigerator car. If the other surfaces except the vehicle items are arranged on the side wall surface of the vehicle body or the installation area is enlarged again by adopting folding and spreading technologies, larger electric quantity can be generated, and the redundant electric quantity can be stored in a battery to provide power for the new energy vehicle.
A specific example is given below to illustrate the energy saving effect that can be achieved by the solar power module of the present application.
The electric compressor selects ZSI15KQ type, the rated input power of the motor is 3200W, and under the idle working condition, the engine oil consumption m is as follows:wherein m is the oil consumption of the engine under the idle working condition, and L/h; n is the idle speed of the engine, min -1 Taking 750min -1 ；M tq The engine torque, N.m, is 140 N.m; b is the fuel consumption rate, and 180 g/(kW.h) is taken; ρ is diesel density, 820g/L; and calculating to obtain the fuel consumption of 2.41L/h under the idle working condition.
Solar energy production E of photovoltaic panel cell assembly d The method comprises the following steps: e (E) d ＝P max t a η k η n η b Wherein E is d Is daily power generation capacity W.h/d; η (eta) k Taking 0.99 for the efficiency of the photovoltaic controller; η (eta) n Taking 0.9 for the conversion efficiency of the inverter; η (eta) b Taking 0.98 for the conversion efficiency of the frequency converter; the solar power generation amount is 16380.86 W.h/d, and the photovoltaic cell panel can be obtained to drive the compressor to operate for 5.12h. This gives a daily fuel savings of 12.34L and a annual fuel savings of 4504.1L (calculated on the basis of 365 days per year).
According to the existing emission of the domestic road traffic industryThe accounting method can obtain: carbon dioxide emissions = fuel heating value x fuel consumption x unit heating value fuel carbon content x carbon oxidation rate during combustion. Searching relevant data to obtain the fuel heat value of the diesel oil of 42705kJ/kg, the carbon content of the unit heat value of 20.2 tons of carbon/TJ and the carbon oxidation rate of 0.98; can calculate and obtain the emission reduction CO 2 Is 8.6kg, and can reduce CO emission every year 2 3139kg (calculated on 365 days per year).
According to the analysis, compared with the traditional refrigerated vehicle, the novel energy refrigerated vehicle using various mixed energies can save fuel consumption, reduce CO2 emission and protect the environment.
Claims (10)
1. An ice making and cooling system is characterized by comprising an ice slurry cooling system and a refrigerant cooling system;
The ice slurry cooling system comprises an ice slurry making cylinder and a slurry storage cylinder, wherein the ice slurry making cylinder is provided with an ice slurry outlet, a refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerating medium inlet, the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet are all positioned above the ice slurry outlet, and the refrigerating medium inlet are oppositely arranged so that the input refrigerating medium and the refrigerating medium are in opposite collision; the ice slurry outlet of the ice making cylinder is connected with the ice slurry inlet of the slurry storage cylinder through a pipeline, the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder is connected with the inlet of a heat exchange pipeline of a space to be refrigerated through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet of the ice making cylinder through a pipeline;
the refrigerant cooling system comprises a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchange pipeline which are arranged in a space to be refrigerated; the refrigerant outlet is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline, the output port of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, the output port of the condenser is respectively connected with the inlet of the evaporator and the inlet of the refrigerant through a pipeline, and the output port of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline.
2. The ice-making and cooling system according to claim 1, wherein a solid-liquid separator is provided on the line between the outlet of the heat exchange line and the coolant inlet, the inlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected to the outlet of the heat exchange line, the first outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected to the slurry storage cylinder, and the second outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected to the coolant inlet; the solid-liquid separator is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the refrigerant output by the heat exchange pipeline, and enabling solid ice particles which are not completely melted to flow back to the slurry storage cylinder through the first outlet, and enabling melted liquid to flow into the ice making cylinder through the second outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet.
3. The ice-making and cooling system according to claim 1, wherein a slurry pump is arranged on a communication pipeline between the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and the heat exchange pipeline for pumping the ice slurry in the slurry storage cylinder to the heat exchange pipeline to realize heat exchange, a valve is arranged between the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and the slurry pump, and a throttle valve is arranged on a pipeline between the refrigerant outlet and the evaporator inlet and a pipeline between the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerant inlet.
4. A refrigerated vehicle comprising a refrigerated container and a cab, wherein the refrigerated vehicle further comprises an ice making and cooling system comprising an ice slurry cooling system and a refrigerant cooling system;
the ice slurry cooling system comprises an ice slurry making cylinder and a slurry storage cylinder, wherein the ice slurry making cylinder is provided with an ice slurry outlet, a refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerating medium inlet, the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet are all positioned above the ice slurry outlet, and the refrigerating medium inlet are oppositely arranged so that the input refrigerating medium and the refrigerating medium are in opposite collision; the ice slurry outlet of the ice making cylinder is connected with the ice slurry inlet of the slurry storage cylinder through a pipeline, the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder is connected with the inlet of the space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated through a pipeline, and the outlet of the space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet of the ice making cylinder through a pipeline;
The refrigerant cooling system comprises a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator and a space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated, which are arranged on the refrigerator car; the refrigerant outlet is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline, the output port of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, the output port of the condenser is respectively connected with the inlet of the evaporator and the refrigerant inlet through a pipeline, and the output port of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline;
the space to be refrigerated is a refrigerator body and/or a cab.
5. The refrigerator car of claim 4, wherein a solid-liquid separator is arranged on the pipeline of the outlet of the space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated and the refrigerating medium inlet, the inlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the outlet of the space heat exchange pipeline to be refrigerated, the first outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the slurry storage cylinder, and the second outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with the refrigerating medium inlet; the solid-liquid separator is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the refrigerant output by the heat exchange pipeline, and enabling solid ice particles which are not completely melted to flow back to the slurry storage cylinder through the first outlet, and enabling melted liquid to flow into the ice making cylinder through the second outlet and the refrigerating medium inlet.
6. The refrigerated truck of claim 4 wherein a heating line is disposed between the condenser and the cab for providing heat generated by the condenser to the cab, the heating line having a heating valve disposed thereon.
7. The refrigerator car of claim 4, wherein a slurry pump is arranged on a communicating pipeline between an ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and a heat exchange pipeline of the space to be refrigerated, the heat exchange pipeline is used for pumping the ice slurry in the slurry storage cylinder to the space to be refrigerated to realize heat exchange, a valve is arranged between the ice slurry outlet of the slurry storage cylinder and the slurry pump, and a throttle valve is arranged on pipelines between a refrigerant outlet and an evaporator inlet and a refrigerant inlet.
8. The refrigerated vehicle of any of claims 4-7, wherein the power source of the ice making and cooling system comprises solar photovoltaic power generation, hybrid generator power generation of the refrigerated vehicle, energy storage battery, and power source of the refrigerated vehicle.
9. An ice making and cooling control method based on a refrigerator car according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder and the current temperature of the space to be cooled are detected, when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is smaller than the ice content set threshold value and the current temperature of the space to be cooled is smaller than the low temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system makes ice, and the ice making and cooling system and the refrigerant cooling system do not supply cold to the space to be cooled; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is smaller than the ice content set threshold and the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is greater than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system makes ice, and the ice making and cooling system and/or the refrigerant cooling system cool the space to be refrigerated; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than or equal to the ice content set threshold value and the ice content is smaller than or equal to the ice content upper limit value, if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is smaller than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system makes ice, and the ice making and cooling system and the refrigerant cooling system do not cool the space to be refrigerated; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than or equal to the ice content set threshold value and the ice content is smaller than or equal to the ice content upper limit value, if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is larger than the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system makes ice, and the ice making and cooling system and/or the refrigerant cooling system cool the space to be refrigerated; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than the upper limit value of the ice content, if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is smaller than or equal to the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system does not make ice, and the ice making and cooling system and the refrigerant cooling system do not cool the space to be refrigerated; when the current ice content in the slurry storage cylinder is larger than the upper limit value of the ice content, if the current temperature of the space to be refrigerated is larger than the low-temperature control temperature, the ice making and cooling system does not make ice, and the ice making and cooling system and/or the refrigerant cooling system cool the space to be refrigerated.
10. An ice-making and cooling control method based on a refrigerator car according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the current temperature in the refrigerator is detected, and when the current temperature in the refrigerator is higher than the set high temperature control temperature, the ice slurry cooling system and the refrigerant cooling system are controlled to work simultaneously; when the current temperature in the refrigerator body is less than or equal to the set high-temperature control temperature, the refrigerant cooling system is controlled to be not operated, and only the ice slurry cooling system is controlled to be operated until the current temperature of the refrigerator car is less than or equal to the set low-temperature control temperature, and the ice slurry cooling system is controlled to stop operating.
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| US4838039A (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1989-06-13 | Cbi Research Corporation | Direct contact evaporator/freezer |
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| CN115031456A (en) | 2022-09-09 |
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