CN103712277A - Automobile air-conditioning system - Google Patents

Automobile air-conditioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103712277A
CN103712277A CN201210380651.9A CN201210380651A CN103712277A CN 103712277 A CN103712277 A CN 103712277A CN 201210380651 A CN201210380651 A CN 201210380651A CN 103712277 A CN103712277 A CN 103712277A
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heat exchanger
working medium
heat
air
pipeline
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CN103712277B (en
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黄宁杰
刘维华
董洪洲
王艳红
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Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile air-conditioning system. The automobile air-conditioning system further comprises an ejector (12) and an intermediate heat exchanger (6). In a heating mode, a working medium flowing from an outlet of a second heat exchange (102) is divided into a first channel and a second channel; the first channel of the working medium flows into the ejector (12) through a drive inlet after flowing out of a high-temperature side (62), and then is divided into a first branch and a second branch after being ejected from an outlet of the ejector (12), the first branch of the working medium flows back into a compressor (1) through a low-temperature side (61), and the second branch of the working medium flows into the ejector (12) through a bypass guide hole via a third heat exchanger (3). The automobile air-conditioning system has the advantages that efficiency of the compressor and the air-conditioning system can be improved effectively, requirements for heat in high and cold environment can be guaranteed, and comfortableness of passengers and stable and efficient performance of heating components are guaranteed.

Description

A kind of automotive air-conditioning system
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile air conditioning technology field, the automotive air-conditioning system that particularly a kind of air-conditioning system of used for electric vehicle or hybrid power are used.
Background technology
Development along with low-carbon economy, energy-saving and emission-reduction have been proposed to stricter requirement, countries in the world are the strategic direction using new-energy automobile as automobile industry development all, and electric automobile or hybrid vehicle are owing to there being energy-conserving and environment-protective, become one of development of automobile aspect from now on.But electric automobile is owing to using battery as power resources, and battery is as core component, and its cost and capacity/weight are restricting the development of new-energy automobile; Its air-conditioning system is equally also different from original automotive air-conditioning system.Traditional internal combustion engine type automobile, can utilize the waste heat of internal combustion engine and the heat of engine exhaust to carry out vehicle cabin, and the power of electric automobile mainly comes from motor, and the heat that has lacked engine can utilize.
In addition, in orthodox car, air blast and condensation motor be air conditioning for automobiles main with power supply, and on electric automobile/hybrid vehicle electricity consumption be not only just air blast and condensation motor, this contradiction will be more outstanding:
First, compressor does not have the driving of engine, relies on electric energy completely;
Its two, same do not have the waste heat of engine to use because there is no engine when heating, and will rely on electric energy completely yet.So how to improve the utilization rate of electric energy, become the subject matter of electric automobile or hybrid power automobile air conditioner;
The 3rd, for the more severe area of environment, this contradiction of area as high and cold in winter is particularly outstanding.
In electric automobile air-conditioning system as shown in Figure 1, this system has two main circulations: kind of refrigeration cycle 1000 and heat cycles 2000.Automotive air-conditioning system comprises two air-conditioning box assemblies: compartment air-conditioning box 1010 and battery module air-conditioning box 1020: compartment air-conditioning box 1010 comprises compartment evaporator device 1011 and carriage heating unit 1012, and battery module air-conditioning box 1020 comprises battery module evaporimeter 1021 and battery module heater 1022.When carrying out kind of refrigeration cycle, its course of work is: when summer condition, open air-conditioning, compressor 1001 is started working, consume certain electric energy, the gaseous working medium of low-temp low-pressure is compressed into the gaseous working medium of HTHP, when flowing through condenser 1002, emit heat, working medium liberated heat is absorbed by surrounding air, itself undergo phase transition and be condensed into liquid state, liquid refrigerant is flowing through expansion valve 1003 and/or at 1005 o'clock, make working medium step-down cooling, while then flowing through compartment evaporator device 1011 and/or battery module evaporimeter 1021, absorb airborne heat in car and/or in battery, itself undergo phase transition and flash to gaseous state, the gaseous working medium of low-temp low-pressure is compressed into the gaseous working medium of HTHP again by compressor 1001, so periodic duty.Two evaporimeters 1011 in system and 1021 can work independently, and specifically by the break-make of two magnetic valves 1004 and 1006, realize the control of stream.
And heating circulation time, its course of work 2000 is: in the winter time during operating mode, electric heater 2003 energisings, heat to the working medium in circulation 2000, meanwhile, water pump 2001 starts, and the working medium after heating is delivered to heater 1012 and/or 1022, to heating in air in Che Nei and/or battery, thereby realizing the control of stream, the break-make specifically by two magnetic valves 2004 and 2005 provides thermal source.Heater 1012 and 1022 can work independently, and the break-make by magnetic valve 2004 and 2005 realizes.
Yet, in said system, also there is following defect:
1) during kind of refrigeration cycle, the suction temperature of compressor equals the evaporating temperature of evaporimeter 1011 and 1021 ports of export substantially, the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of compressor equals the evaporating pressure of evaporimeter 1011 and 1021 ports of export substantially, thereby when this system is in high temperature very hot when area, the suction temperature of compressor and pressure of inspiration(Pi) are relatively low, thereby reduced the efficiency of compressing, can not guarantee enough refrigeration requirement simultaneously.
2) refrigeration adopts the air-conditioning system in traditional vehicle, simultaneously or to compartment or battery, carry out cooling separately; Heat and adopt high pressure P TC, i.e. electrically heated mode, simultaneously or separately compartment or battery are heated.Adopt electrical heating, it is most effective is 100%.This system is except kind of refrigeration cycle like this, the heating circulation system of the working medium in 2000 of circulating in addition, and system is comparatively complicated.
3) and its when heating, be by the electric energy consuming in the electrical energy system of car load, to come working medium heating completely, the air in compartment and/or battery carries out heat exchange with hotter working medium again in radiator, the air after heating is delivered in compartment and/or battery again.In these heat exchanging process, certainly have the loss of heat, so efficiency is less than 1 certainly.
4) in addition in when heating, because of the specific heat of the working medium in 2000 that circulates relatively large, and the power limited of electric heater, the intensification of the working medium in 2000 that causes circulating is relatively slow, and then the intensification of air is also slower, will affect like this passenger's comfortableness.
5) the heat generating components temperature such as battery is relatively low owing to just starting, and that temperature raises is slower, thereby can have influence on the serviceability (as distance travelled shortens, shorten service life) of the heat generating components such as battery.
6) add this system and have the kind of refrigeration cycle of working medium and the heat cycles of heat cycles 2000 working medium simultaneously, the part of system is more, comparatively complicated, difficult arrangement onboard, and manufacturing cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for providing a kind of automotive air-conditioning system, this air-conditioning system can significantly improve the efficiency of compressor and air-conditioning system, guarantee the demand of heat under psychro-environment, thereby guarantee passenger's comfortableness and the stability and high efficiency work of heat generating components.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprise refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box, the second air-conditioning box and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor, gas-liquid separator, carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box comprises First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger; The second air-conditioning box, for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger;
Described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector and Intermediate Heat Exchanger, and described Intermediate Heat Exchanger comprises low temperature side and the high temperature side that can carry out heat exchange;
The import of described the second heat exchanger is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor, in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger, is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium enters in high temperature side, and by Driver Entry, enters in injector after this high temperature side flows out, and is divided into the first branch road and the second branch road after the jet exit ejection by this injector:
In this first branch road, working medium is carried out heat exchange through low temperature side, and then flows back in compressor through gas-liquid separator;
In the second branch road, working medium is flowed in the 3rd heat exchanger and is absorbed heat by pipeline after throttling, and the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger flows in injector by bypass draining hole;
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger flows in the 3rd heat exchanger after throttling.
Preferably, during refrigeration mode, the working medium being flowed out by the second heat exchanger flows in the 3rd heat exchanger through pipeline, then after being divided into two-way or being divided into two-way after the throttling being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger, carry out throttling, the port of export of described the second heat exchanger is connected with the first triple valve, in remaining two interfaces of this first triple valve, a pipeline during interface guiding refrigeration mode, pipeline during another interface guiding heating mode:
In Yi road, working medium flows in First Heat Exchanger and absorbs heat refrigeration after low temperature side, and the working medium then being flowed out by this First Heat Exchanger flows back in compressor by gas-liquid separator;
In another road, working medium is entered and in heat generating components heat exchanger, is absorbed heat and freeze by pipeline, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger flows back in compressor through gas-liquid separator.
Preferably, in described the first stream, the Driver Entry of high temperature side access injector, the jet exit of this injector is connected with the second stop valve, and the pipeline after this second stop valve is divided into the first branch road and the second branch road;
In the first branch road, between the port of export of low temperature side and gas-liquid separator, pipeline is provided with the 3rd stop valve;
In the second branch road, the pipeline before the entrance point of the 3rd heat exchanger is provided with first throttle element, and the pipeline between the 3rd heat exchanger exit end and the bypass draining hole of injector is provided with the 4th stop valve.
Preferably, on the pipeline between the 3rd heat exchanger and the 4th stop valve, be connected with another pipeline that the 5th stop valve is set, and in this another pipeline access gas-liquid separator, the pipeline between described high temperature side and the Driver Entry of injector is provided with second section fluid element.
Preferably, in described the second stream, the pipeline that the entrance point of heat generating components heat exchanger connects is provided with the first stop valve, the pipeline that this heat generating components heat exchanger exit end connects is provided with the 3rd restricting element, then by pipeline, be connected with the 3rd heat exchanger, the port of export of low temperature side further connects in First Heat Exchanger by the 6th stop valve, and the port of export of heat generating components heat exchanger when refrigeration mode is by being provided with in the pipeline access gas-liquid separator of the 7th stop valve.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box, the second air-conditioning box and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor, gas-liquid separator, carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box comprises First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger; The second air-conditioning box, for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger;
Described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector and Intermediate Heat Exchanger, and described Intermediate Heat Exchanger comprises low temperature side and the high temperature side that can carry out heat exchange;
The import of described the second heat exchanger is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor, in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger, is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium enters high temperature side, is divided into the first branch road and the second branch road by this high temperature side after the throttling being flowed out, or is divided into throttling after the first branch road and the second branch road;
In the first branch road, working medium enters injector by Driver Entry, and is sprayed by the jet exit of this injector, then by pipeline, is entered in low temperature side and is carried out heat exchange, then after this low temperature side flows out, enters in gas-liquid separator;
In the second branch road, working medium is entered in the 3rd heat exchanger and is absorbed heat by pipeline, and the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger is by by-pass port access injector;
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger flows in the 3rd heat exchanger after throttling.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box, the second air-conditioning box and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor, gas-liquid separator, carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box comprises First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger; The second air-conditioning box, for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger;
Described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector and Intermediate Heat Exchanger, and described Intermediate Heat Exchanger comprises low temperature side and the high temperature side that can carry out heat exchange;
The import of described the second heat exchanger is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor, in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger, is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium flows into respectively in the first branch road and the second branch road;
In the first branch road, working medium enters in injector by Driver Entry, and is sprayed by the jet exit of this injector, and then enters in low temperature side by pipeline, and the working medium being flowed out by this low temperature side flows back in compressor by gas-liquid separator;
In the second branch road, working medium flows in high temperature side, after this high temperature side flows out throttling, enters in the 3rd heat exchanger and absorbs heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger is by bypass draining hole access injector;
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger flows in the 3rd heat exchanger after throttling.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box, the second air-conditioning box and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor, gas-liquid separator, carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box comprises First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger; The second air-conditioning box, for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger;
Described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector and Intermediate Heat Exchanger, and described Intermediate Heat Exchanger comprises low temperature side and the high temperature side that can carry out heat exchange;
The import of described the second heat exchanger is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor, in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger, is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium flows into respectively in the first branch road and the second branch road;
In the first branch road, working medium flows in high temperature side, then by Driver Entry, flow in injector, working medium enters in low temperature side and carries out heat exchange after the jet exit outflow of this injector, and the working medium then being flowed out by this low temperature side flows back in compressor by gas-liquid separator;
In the second branch road, after throttling, enter in the 3rd heat exchanger, the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger is by bypass draining hole access injector;
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger flows in the 3rd heat exchanger after throttling.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box, the second air-conditioning box and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor, carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box comprises First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger; The second air-conditioning box, for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger;
Described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector and the flash evaporation being communicated with the jet exit of injector by pipeline;
The import of described the second heat exchanger is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor, in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger, is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium is entered in injector and by its jet exit and is sprayed by Driver Entry, and then working medium enters and in flash evaporation, carries out gas-liquid separation and be divided into the first branch road and the second branch road:
In the first branch road, after liquid refrigerant throttling, enter in the 3rd heat exchanger and absorb heat, the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger is by bypass draining hole access injector;
In the second branch road, gaseous working medium flows back in compressor;
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger flows in the 3rd heat exchanger after throttling.
Preferably, during refrigeration mode, the working medium being flowed out by the second heat exchanger flows in the 3rd heat exchanger through pipeline, carries out throttling after the throttling then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger after being divided into two-way or being divided into two-way:
In Yi road, working medium flows in First Heat Exchanger and absorbs heat refrigeration after throttling, and the working medium then being flowed out by this First Heat Exchanger is by flowing back in compressor with gas-liquid separator;
In another road, working medium is entered and in heat generating components heat exchanger, is absorbed heat and freeze by pipeline, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger flows back in compressor through gas-liquid separator.
Preferably, during heat generating components preheating mode, working medium enters after the second heat exchanger flows out emits heat in heat generating components heat exchanger and heats, then the working medium being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger enters in the 3rd heat exchanger and absorbs heat after throttling, and working medium flows back in compressor by gas-liquid separator after the 3rd heat exchanger flows out.
With respect to prior art, technique scheme has all adopted injector, because injector can improve the pressure of low-pressure side heat exchanger working medium out, the state that makes to enter the working medium of compressor is intermediate pressure state, and then has reduced compressor pressure ratio, has reduced the wasted work of compressor, improved the efficiency of compressor and air-conditioning system, therefore adopt a conventional compressor, just can under high and cold environment, obtain higher operating efficiency, can meet the requirement of heat under psychro-environment.In addition, in technique scheme, due to the switching that has adopted heat pump cycle to freeze and heat, the heat cycles independent with respect to available technology adopting, efficiency can be significantly improved, even efficiency is also greater than 1 under rugged environment.And, in heat pump of the present invention, adopt working medium directly to add hot-air compartment is rapidly heated, guarantee passenger's comfortableness, to heat generating member, can guarantee that it enters optimum Working fast by rapidly pre-warming.
In sum, a kind of automotive air-conditioning system provided by the present invention can significantly improve the efficiency of compressor and air-conditioning system on the one hand, guarantees the demand of heat under psychro-environment, thereby guarantees passenger's comfortableness and the stability and high efficiency work of heat generating components.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the pipeline connection diagram of a kind of automotive air-conditioning system in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the pipeline connection diagram of automotive air-conditioning system under refrigeration mode in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the pipeline connection diagram of automotive air-conditioning system under heating mode in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the pipeline connection diagram of automotive air-conditioning system under battery preheating mode in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the pipeline connection diagram of automotive air-conditioning system under deice mode in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the pipeline connection diagram of the automotive air-conditioning system the first replacement scheme in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the pipeline connection diagram of the automotive air-conditioning system the second replacement scheme in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the pipeline connection diagram of the third replacement scheme of automotive air-conditioning system in the first embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the pipeline connection diagram of the 4th kind of replacement scheme of automotive air-conditioning system in the first embodiment;
Figure 10 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second embodiment automotive air-conditioning system of the present invention under refrigeration mode;
Figure 11 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second embodiment automotive air-conditioning system of the present invention under heating mode;
Figure 12 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second embodiment automotive air-conditioning system of the present invention under battery preheating mode;
Figure 13 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second embodiment automotive air-conditioning system of the present invention under deice mode.
Pressure letter figure when Figure 14 is automotive air-conditioning system work of the present invention.
Corresponding relation in Fig. 2 to Figure 13 between Reference numeral and component names is:
1 compressor; 2 first triple valves; 3 the 3rd heat exchangers; 4 first throttle parts; 5 the 3rd throttle parts; 6 Intermediate Heat Exchangers; 61 low temperature sides; 62 high temperature sides; 7 the 6th stop valves; 8 the 3rd stop valves; 9 gas-liquid separators; 10 the 4th stop valves; 11 second stop valves; 12 injectors; 13 second section fluid elements; 14 the 5th stop valves; 15 first stop valves; 16 the 7th stop valves; 17 flash evaporations; 18 second triple valves; 19 the 8th stop valves; 20 the 9th stop valves;
100 first air-conditioning boxs: 101 First Heat Exchangers; 102 second heat exchangers; 103 electric heaters; 104 air blasts; 105 temperature dampers; 106 cycle throttles; 107 interior circulating air openings; 108 fresh wind ports; 109 grids and air channel;
200 second air-conditioning boxs: 201 heat generating components heat exchangers; 202 electric heaters; 203 air blasts; 204 cycle throttles; 401 wind inlet channels; 402 air-out air channels;
300 heat generating components.
The specific embodiment
Core of the present invention is for providing a kind of automotive air-conditioning system, and this air-conditioning system can significantly improve the efficiency of compressor and air-conditioning system, guarantees the demand of heat under psychro-environment, thereby guarantees passenger's comfortableness and the stability and high efficiency work of heat generating components.
In order to make those skilled in the art understand better technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, first, it should be noted that, in the accompanying drawing herein with dotted line, relate to working medium the pipeline of process, by the general proxy working medium of dotted line in this not conducting, by the general proxy working medium of solid line in this conducting or alternative conducting.The conducting of working medium on pipeline or interrupt realizing by the control of corresponding stop valve or triple valve.
Secondly; it should be noted that; in the present invention; the nouns of locality such as " upper and lower, left and rights " is to using the position of parts in accompanying drawing as reference; thereby in reality; after the position of parts changes, above-mentioned orientation also can change thereupon, thereby the above-mentioned noun of locality should be as limiting the scope of the invention.
Again, in the present invention, the entrance point of heat exchanger is two relative concepts with the port of export, because the flow direction of working medium under various patterns is different, thereby for same heat exchanger, under refrigeration mode, its one end is entrance point, when this end under heating mode may be again the port of export, thereby " entrance point or import and the port of export or outlet " and etc. concept need to be placed under concrete system model and understand.
Another: in specific embodiments of the invention, working medium is the conventional working medium of air conditioning for automobiles industry.Because the less safety coefficient of critical pressure under working medium normal temperature is higher, and automobile jolts in motion and other various complex working conditions are more, the working medium critical pressure of air conditioning for automobiles is larger, and danger coefficient is higher.
Such as working as systematic working medium, be CO 2time, CO 2critical pressure under normal temperature (operating pressure) is 7.4MPa, the parts of system is required higher, parts intensity is also required higher, and shock resistance requires higher, otherwise there will be dangerous appearance.So when critical pressure under systematic working medium normal temperature is larger, the cost of system is higher.
When systematic working medium is R134a, the critical pressure under R134a normal temperature (operating pressure) is only 1.32MPa, and working medium is CO relatively 2system, the requirement of parts will reduce, the shock strength of system also can reduce, the cost of corresponding system just can reduce.
In sum, the working medium in native system is preferably the less working medium of normal temperature lower critical pressure.
In the first embodiment, automotive air-conditioning system at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box 100, the second air-conditioning box 200 and at least one restricting element that automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor 1, gas-liquid separator 9, carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box 100 is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box 100 comprises First Heat Exchanger 101 and the second heat exchanger 102, and that this second heat exchanger 102 can be in First Heat Exchanger 101 is leeward to a side; The second air-conditioning box 200 for regulation heating parts (this heat generating components can be battery, is certainly not limited to battery, also can electric automobile or hybrid vehicle on the heat generating components of other types) temperature, comprise heat generating components heat exchanger 201;
Described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector 12 and Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6, and Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 comprises low temperature side 61 and the high temperature side 62 that can carry out heat exchange; The import of the second heat exchanger 102 is connected by pipeline with the outlet of compressor 1, in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger 102, is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
As shown in Figure 3, during heating mode, working medium by the outlet of the second heat exchanger 102 by the first triple valve 2 rear outflows is divided into the first stream, and the second stream that can select connection or interrupt, when heat generating components does not need preheating in the winter time, this second stream can interrupt, can by the natural wind of external environment, be now that heat generating components is cooling, when needs carry out preheating to heat generating components, this second stream can conducting: in the first stream, working medium is by high temperature side 62, second section fluid element 13 enters injector 12 by Driver Entry again, after jet exit ejection by this injector 12, be divided into the first branch road and the second branch road:
The working medium of the first branch road is carried out heat exchange through low temperature side 61, and then flows back to compressor 1 through gas-liquid separator 9; The working medium of the second branch road is flowed in the 3rd heat exchanger 3 and is absorbed heat by pipeline after throttling, then by bypass draining hole, flows into injector 12;
The in the situation that of the second stream conducting (in figure, this part pipeline is represented by dotted lines), part working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger 201 emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger 201 flows to the 3rd heat exchanger 3 after throttling.
With respect to prior art, because injector 12 can improve the pressure of low-pressure side heat exchanger working medium out, the state that makes to enter the working medium of compressor 1 is intermediate pressure state, and then reduced compressor 1 pressure ratio, reduce the wasted work of compressor 1, improved the efficiency of compressor 1 and air-conditioning system, therefore adopted a conventional compressor 1, just can under high and cold environment, obtain higher operating efficiency, can meet the requirement of heat under psychro-environment.In addition, in technique scheme, due to the switching that has adopted heat pump cycle to freeze and heat, the heat cycles independent with respect to available technology adopting, the efficiency of heat pump is: COP=Q h/ W, wherein Q h=Q c+ W; W is the merit that system consumes; Q cthe heat that in heat exchanger, working medium absorbs outside compartment, Q hthe heat that adds of system, so COP=Q h/ W=(Q c+ W)/W=Q c/ W+1>1, its efficiency can be significantly improved, even efficiency is also greater than 1 under rugged environment.And, in heat pump of the present invention, adopt working medium directly to add hot-air compartment is rapidly heated, guarantee passenger's comfortableness, to heat generating member, adopt working medium to carry out heat exchange and can guarantee that it enters optimum Working fast by rapidly pre-warming.
In addition, the low temperature side 61 of Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 and high temperature side 62 can carry out heat exchange, thereby endothermic transition is gaseous state while flowing through low temperature side 61 from the working medium of the gas-liquid mixed state of the jet exit ejection of injector 12, and further improve temperature, thereby the working medium that can make compressor 1 suction end is gaseous state substantially, and improved suction temperature, thereby can further improve the efficiency of compressor 1.Certainly, in order to avoid liquid refrigerant to enter in compressor 1, the suction end of this compressor 1 can further be provided with gas-liquid separator 9.
Particularly, when freezing summer, as shown in Figure 2, the working medium being flowed out by the second heat exchanger 102 flows to the 3rd heat exchanger 3 by pipeline again through the first triple valve 2, after being divided into two-way or being divided into two-way the throttling flowing out from the 3rd heat exchanger 3, carry out respectively throttling: in Yi road, working medium flows in First Heat Exchanger 101 and absorbs heat refrigeration after low temperature side 61, then by this First Heat Exchanger 101, is flowed out and by gas-liquid separator 9, is flowed back to compressor 1 again; In another road, working medium is entered and in heat generating components heat exchanger 201, is absorbed heat and freeze by pipeline, and then flows back to compressor 1 by gas-liquid separator 9.
In technique scheme, can make specific design to runner pipe road.As the port of export of the second heat exchanger 102 is connected with in remaining two interfaces of the first triple valve 2, the first triple valves 2, a pipeline during interface guiding refrigeration mode, pipeline during another interface guiding heating mode.That is, when in refrigeration mode, as shown in Figure 2, the interface conducting of the first triple valve 2 upsides, the interface on right side interrupts; When in heating mode, as shown in Figure 3, the interface conducting on the first triple valve 2 right sides, the interface of upside interrupts.
Further, in the first stream under heating mode, as shown in Figure 3, the Driver Entry of high temperature side 62 access injectors 12, the jet exit of this injector 12 is connected with the second stop valve 11, and the pipeline after this second stop valve 11 is divided into the first branch road and the second branch road; As shown in Figure 2, when refrigeration mode, the second stop valve 11 is closed, and makes working medium directly by low temperature side 61, be entered in First Heat Exchanger 101 and be freezed after 4 throttlings of first throttle element.
In addition, in the first branch road, between the port of export of low temperature side 61 and gas-liquid separator 9, pipeline is provided with the 3rd stop valve 8; When refrigeration mode, the 3rd stop valve 8 is closed, and makes working medium enter refrigeration in First Heat Exchanger 101; During heating mode, the 3rd stop valve 8 is opened, and makes working medium flow back to compressor 1.
In the second branch road, the pipeline before the 3rd heat exchanger 3 entrance points is provided with first throttle element 4, and the pipeline between the 3rd heat exchanger 3 ports of export and the bypass draining hole of injector 12 is provided with the 4th stop valve 10.In this kind of structure, first throttle element 4 plays reducing pressure by regulating flow effect, thereby makes the 3rd heat exchanger 3 realize heat absorption function.As shown in Figure 2, during refrigeration mode, the 4th stop valve 10 is closed, and makes working medium enter the 3rd heat exchanger 3, and during heating mode, the 4th stop valve 10 is opened, thereby realizes the conducting of the second branch road.
In addition on the pipeline between the 3rd heat exchanger 3 and the 4th stop valve 10, be connected with another pipeline that the 5th stop valve 14 is set, and in this another pipeline access gas-liquid separator 9.As shown in Figure 4, when in battery preheating mode, the 5th stop valve 14 conductings, thus the working medium being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger 3 is directly flowed back in compressor 1 by gas-liquid separator 9.
Pipeline between the Driver Entry of high temperature side 62 and injector 12 is provided with second section fluid element 13.In the second stream, the pipeline that the entrance point of heat generating components heat exchanger 201 connects is provided with the first stop valve 15, and the pipeline that these heat generating components heat exchanger 201 ports of export connect is provided with the 3rd restricting element 5, then by pipeline, is connected with the 3rd heat exchanger 3.
In said structure, the first stop valve 15 can be realized interruption or the conducting of the second stream, and simultaneously the 3rd restricting element 5 can carry out reducing pressure by regulating flow to working medium, thereby makes the working medium evaporation of absorbing heat in the 3rd heat exchanger 3.
In addition, the port of export of low temperature side 61 further connects into First Heat Exchanger 101 by the 6th stop valve 7, and the port of export of heat generating components heat exchanger 201 when refrigeration mode is by being provided with the pipeline access gas-liquid separator 9 of the 7th stop valve 16.
In said structure, the 6th stop valve 7 and the 3rd stop valve 8 mating reactions, thus make the working medium being flowed out by low temperature side 61 can select to enter First Heat Exchanger 101 or flow back to compressor 1, thus applicable different system pattern.In addition, the 7th stop valve 16 and place pipeline thereof, when in deice mode and refrigeration mode, the 7th stop valve 16 conductings, thus make the working medium being flowed out by heat generating components heat exchanger 201 flow back to compressor 1; When other patterns, the 7th stop valve 16 is closed.
On the basis of above-mentioned line arrangement, below the specific works process of various patterns will be introduced in detail.
As shown in Figure 2, under summer refrigeration mode, compressor 1 consumes certain electric energy, the gaseous working medium of low-temp low-pressure is compressed into the gaseous working medium of HTHP, and second heat exchanger 102 of flowing through flows to the 3rd heat exchanger 3 by the first triple valve 2.HTHP working medium is cooled under the condensation of air stream B in the 3rd heat exchanger 3, emit heat by and be discharged in surrounding air and go, itself or part undergo phase transition and are condensed into liquid state.Liquid refrigerant from the 3rd heat exchanger 3 out, can be divided into two-way.One road liquid refrigerant flows through first throttle element 4, makes working medium step-down cooling, the low temperature side 61 of the Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 of flowing through.Now, the 6th stop valve 7 is opened, and the first stop valve 15, the 3rd stop valve 8, the 4th stop valve 10, the second stop valve 11, the 5th stop valve 14 are closed.Now there is no the working medium injector 12 of flowing through.The liquid refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure, in First Heat Exchanger 101, absorbs the heat in air stream A, itself undergoes phase transition and flashes to gaseous state.Another road liquid refrigerant flows through the 3rd restricting element 5, makes working medium step-down cooling.Now, the 7th stop valve 16 is opened, and the first stop valve 15 is closed.The liquid refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure, in heat generating components heat exchanger 201, absorbs the heat in air stream E, makes air stream E cooling heating element; Working medium itself undergoes phase transition and flashes to gaseous state, converge with gaseous working medium out from First Heat Exchanger 101, through gas-liquid separator 9, liquid refrigerant is stored in gas-liquid separator 9, the gaseous working medium of low-temp low-pressure is compressed into the gaseous working medium of HTHP again by compressor 1, so periodic duty.
104 couples of air stream A of air blast play conveying effect.Air stream A by cool-down dehumidification, through grid and air channel 109, sends into car indoor by First Heat Exchanger 101, reduces the indoor temperature of car, and comfortable environment is by bus provided.The control of air stream A temperature is achieved in that can be as required, by the opening angle of temperature damper 105 determine the to flow through ratio of the second heat exchanger 102, heat the air stream of the second heat exchanger 102 of flowing through, then mix with original air stream, and reach required temperature.Wherein, air stream A is the mixing wind of interior circulating air opening 107 and fresh wind port 108 of flowing through, and mixed proportion can, by system according to comfortableness requirement, be controlled by cycle throttle 106.And circulated air can further be saved power consumption in introducing.
203 couples of air stream E of air blast play conveying effect.Air stream E, by heat generating components heat exchanger 201, by cool-down dehumidification, delivers in heat generating components 300 by air channel 401, and the heat generating components such as battery are lowered the temperature, and it is maintained in suitable working range.When the temperature of external environment G is during higher than the leaving air temp F of battery, cycle throttle 204 is opened to the left position in figure, partly or entirely introduces the air-out F of battery.Thereby play the effect of saving the energy.When the temperature of external environment G is relatively low, passenger compartment needs or does not need refrigeration, and heat generating components needs when cooling, can directly quote extraneous new wind G, come to heat generating components 300 cooling, rather than utilize refrigeration mode for heat generating components 300 cooling.Then, by the air door (not shown) on air-out air channel 402, the air-out of controlling heat generating components is back air-conditioning box 200, or directly discharges outside car.Like this, further save electric energy, improve the efficiency of system.
First Heat Exchanger 101 and heat generating components heat exchanger 201 can work independently, by the control of the 6th stop valve 7 and the 7th stop valve 16 is showed, thereby separately for passenger compartment or battery provide low-temperature receiver.As when battery needs rapid cooling, or when extraneous thermic load be not too high, the 6th stop valve 7 is closed, the 7th stop valve 16 is opened, the working medium heat generating components heat exchanger 201 of only flowing through.
As shown in Figure 3, when in winter heating's pattern, compressor 1 consumes certain electric energy, the gaseous working medium of low-temp low-pressure is compressed into the gaseous working medium of HTHP, second heat exchanger 102 of flowing through, and under Cryogenic air stream A cooling, itself undergoes phase transition and condensation.After the first triple valve 2, then working medium can be divided into two parts.Part working medium flows to the high temperature side 62 of Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6, and another part working medium flows into heat generating components heat exchanger 201 when needed, for heat generating components provides heat, is used for heating when needed heat generating components.Now, the 7th stop valve 16 is closed, and the first stop valve 15 is opened.Working medium flows out after high temperature side 62, through the 13 step-down coolings of second section fluid element, flows to the Driver Entry of injector 12, carries the gaseous working medium of the low-pressure low-temperature flowing out from the 3rd heat exchanger 3, in injector 12, through mixing, then ejects.Now, the 5th stop valve 14 is closed, and the 4th stop valve 10 and the second stop valve 11 are all opened.Working medium is divided into two-way after flowing through the second stop valve 11.First via working medium flows through the low temperature side 61 of Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6, and absorbs the heat of working medium in high temperature side 62, and itself undergoes phase transition and flashes to gaseous state, flows to gas-liquid separator 9; And working medium in high temperature side 62 was further condensed into cold working medium.Now, the 3rd stop valve 8 is opened, and the 6th stop valve 7 and the 5th stop valve 14 are all closed.The further step-down of first throttle element 4 cooling of flowing through of another road working medium, then flows to the 3rd heat exchanger 3, and B carries out heat exchange with Cryogenic air stream, absorbs its heat of vaporization and becomes the gaseous working medium of low-temp low-pressure.Like this, this system can absorb heat from the low temperature environment of lower temperature, realizes the function of heat pump.Absorb that heat undergoes phase transition and the low-temp low-pressure working medium of evaporating flows through the 4th stop valve 10, the injected device 12 porch relatively working medium of high pressure are brought injector 12 into, then eject so periodic duty in injector 12 through mixing.By injector 12, the working range of this heat pump cycle increases, and efficiency improves.
104 couples of air stream A of air blast play conveying effect.Air stream A is heated by the second heat exchanger 102, through grid and air channel 109, sends into car indoor, increases the indoor temperature of car, and comfortable environment is by bus provided.Wherein, air stream A is the mixing wind of interior circulating air opening 107 and fresh wind port 108 of flowing through, mixed proportion can system according to comfortableness requirement, by cycle throttle 106, controlled.And the ratio of interior circulated air be take and do not caused that vehicle window knot mist is target.And circulated air can further be saved power consumption in introducing.If environment temperature is too low, the heating properties of heat pump is not enough, or causes heat pump efficiency lower, or while even causing heat pump to work, can carry out auxiliary heating with electric heater 103, realizes heating function together with heat pump.Like this, the working range of this system further strengthens, thereby has expanded the scope of application of electric automobile, particularly in low-temperature cold region.
203 couples of air stream E of air blast play conveying effect.Air stream E delivers in heat generating components 300 by air channel 401, and heat generating components is lowered the temperature, and it is maintained in suitable working range.When the temperature of external environment G is during higher than the leaving air temp F of heat generating components, cycle throttle 204 is opened to the left position in figure, partly or entirely introduces the air-out F of heat generating components.Thereby play the effect of saving the energy.When ambient temperature is relatively low, passenger compartment needs heating, and heat generating components needs when cooling, can directly to quote extraneous new wind G, comes to heat generating components 300 coolingly, and do not adopt working medium circulation, is that heat generating components 300 is cooling.Then, by the air door (not shown) on air-out air channel 402, the air-out of controlling heat generating components is back air-conditioning box 200, or directly discharges outside car.Like this, further save electric energy, improve the efficiency of system.
As shown in Figure 4, under heat generating components preheating mode, compressor 1 consumes certain electric energy in the winter time, the gaseous working medium of low-temp low-pressure is compressed into the gaseous working medium of HTHP, second heat exchanger 102 of flowing through, now closing temperature air door 105, on the second heat exchanger 102, there is no heat exchange.After the first triple valve 2, working medium directly flows to heat generating components heat exchanger 201, for heat generating components provides heat, is used for heating when needed heat generating components.Now, the 7th stop valve 16 is closed, and the first stop valve 15 is opened.And the 5th stop valve 14 is opened, the second stop valve 11, the 3rd stop valve 8 and the 4th stop valve 10 and the 6th stop valve 7 are closed, and working medium does not flow to Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6, does not flow to injector 12 yet.
203 couples of air stream E of air blast play conveying effect.If environment temperature G is too low, can adopt heat generating components heating mode, isolated operation heat generating components heat cycles, also can carry out auxiliary heating with electric heater 202, realizes electric car heating function together with heat generating components heat cycles.When the temperature of external environment G is during lower than the leaving air temp F of heat generating components, cycle throttle 204 is opened to the left position in figure, all introduces the air-out F of heat generating components.Thereby play the effect of saving the energy.
Under above-mentioned winter heating pattern, also can realize heat generating components preheating by opening the first stop valve 15, simultaneously or separately for passenger compartment or heat generating components provide thermal source.If further closing temperature air door 105, just can realize is separately heat generating components preheating.
In the winter time under low temperature environment, long in the heating mode working time after, the surface of the 3rd heat exchanger 3 easily freezes (frosting), reduces and even loses heat dispersion, makes the Efficiency Decreasing of system or loses heat-production functions.So, need regularly to system, to carry out deicing (defrosting).As shown in Figure 5, compressor 1 consumes certain electric energy, the gaseous working medium of low-temp low-pressure is compressed into the gaseous working medium of HTHP, second heat exchanger 102 of flowing through.Now, air blast 104 is not worked, and there is no air stream A, and the gaseous working medium of HTHP flows to the 3rd heat exchanger 3 by the first triple valve 2, emits heat, and the ice (frost) on the 3rd heat exchanger 3 surfaces is removed rapidly, recovers heating performance.Working medium itself undergoes phase transition and is condensed into liquid state.Liquid refrigerant is divided into two-way, when first throttle element 4 is flow through on a road, makes working medium step-down cooling, the low temperature side 61 of the Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 of flowing through.Now the 6th stop valve 7 is opened.
The 7th stop valve 16 can be selected to close or open, and during unlatching, another road liquid refrigerant, when flowing through the 3rd restricting element 5, makes working medium step-down cooling, and the heat generating components heat exchanger 201 of flowing through absorbs heat of vaporization and becomes gaseous state or part gaseous state.203 couples of air stream E of air blast play conveying effect, and air stream E, by heat generating components heat exchanger 201, by cool-down dehumidification, delivers in heat generating components 300 by air channel 401, and heat generating components is lowered the temperature, and it is maintained in suitable working range., then another road working medium is mixed with the vapour-liquid mixed working fluid of the low-temp low-pressure of the first via again.The vapour-liquid mixed working fluid of low-temp low-pressure, through the separation of gas-liquid separator 9, liquid refrigerant is stored in gas-liquid separator 9, and the gaseous working medium of low-temp low-pressure is compressed into the gaseous working medium of HTHP again by compressor 1, so periodic duty.Like this, can realize the work that in deicing battery also can efficient stable.
Above-mentioned the first embodiment also has four kinds of replacement schemes, specifically please refer to Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, and Fig. 6 is the pipeline connection diagram of the first replacement scheme of the automotive air-conditioning system in Fig. 2; Fig. 7 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second replacement scheme of the automotive air-conditioning system in Fig. 2; Fig. 8 is the pipeline connection diagram of the third replacement scheme of the automotive air-conditioning system in Fig. 2; Fig. 9 is the pipeline connection diagram of the 4th kind of replacement scheme of the automotive air-conditioning system in Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 6, the main distinction of this first replacement scheme and above-mentioned the first embodiment is: when heating mode, the working medium of the first stream enters high temperature side 62, and the working medium being flowed out by this high temperature side 62 is divided into throttling after the first branch road and the second branch road;
In the first branch road, working medium is by after 13 throttlings of second section fluid element, and then enter injector 12 by Driver Entry, and sprayed by the jet exit of this injector 12, then by pipeline, enter in low temperature side 61 and carry out heat exchange, then after this low temperature side 61 flows out, enter in gas-liquid separator 9;
In the second branch road, working medium is entered in the 3rd heat exchanger 3 and is absorbed heat by pipeline after by 4 throttling of first throttle element.
In addition, the entrance point of First Heat Exchanger 101 is provided with in another two interfaces of the second triple valve 18, the second triple valves: an interface is connected with the first triple valve 2,, last interface connects high temperature side 62 and the first stop valve 15.
The second replacement scheme as shown in Figure 7 and above-mentioned the first replacement scheme the main distinction be: under heating mode, after the throttling being flowed out by high temperature side 62, be divided into the first branch road and the second branch road, that is the working medium being flowed out by high temperature side 62 first just flows into respectively the first branch road and the second branch road after 13 throttlings of second section fluid element.
The third replacement scheme as shown in Figure 8 and above-mentioned the first embodiment the main distinction be: under heating mode, working medium can be divided into the first branch road and the second branch road before entering the high temperature side 62 of Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6;
The working medium of the first branch road is first by entering in injector 12 by Driver Entry after 13 throttlings of second section fluid element, and sprayed by the jet exit of this injector 12, and then enter in low temperature side 61 by pipeline, the working medium being flowed out by this low temperature side 61 flows back in compressor 1 by gas-liquid separator 9;
In the second branch road, working medium flows in high temperature side 62, after this high temperature side 62 flows out throttling, enters in the 3rd heat exchanger 3 and absorbs heat, wherein has part working medium at least by bypass draining hole access injector 12 after absorption heat.
In addition, as shown in Figure 8, between the jet exit of injector and high temperature side 62, be provided with the 8th stop valve 19, between low temperature side 61 and first throttle element 4, be provided with the second stop valve 11.
The 4th kind of replacement scheme as shown in Figure 9 and the main distinction of above-mentioned the first embodiment are: under heating mode, working medium was divided into the first branch road and the second branch road before entering Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 high temperature sides 62;
The working medium of the first branch road flows into high temperature side 62, then after throttling, by Driver Entry, flow in injector 12, working medium enters in low temperature side 61 after the jet exit outflow of this injector 12 carries out heat exchange, and the working medium then being flowed out by this low temperature side 61 flows back in compressor 1 by gas-liquid separator 9;
The working medium of the second branch road enters the 3rd heat exchanger 3 after 4 throttlings of first throttle element, and the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger 3 is by bypass draining hole access injector 12.
In addition, between the right side interface of the first triple valve 2 and the 3rd heat exchanger 3, be provided with first throttle element 4 and the 9th stop valve 20, between the jet exit of injector 12 and low temperature side 61, be provided with the second stop valve 11.
It should be noted that, about other the three kinds of mode of operations outside heating mode, above-mentioned four kinds of replacement schemes and above-mentioned the first embodiment are basic identical, thereby do not repeat them here.
In addition, the present invention also provides the second embodiment, particularly, please refer to Figure 10 to Figure 13, and Figure 10 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second embodiment automotive air-conditioning system under refrigeration mode; Figure 11 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second embodiment under heating mode; Figure 12 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second embodiment under battery preheating mode; Figure 13 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second embodiment under deice mode.
In this second embodiment, automotive air-conditioning system comprises the 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box 100, the second air-conditioning box 200 and at least one restricting element that compressor 1 and compartment external environment carry out heat exchange; The first air-conditioning box 100 is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box 100 comprises First Heat Exchanger 101 and the second heat exchanger 102; The second air-conditioning box 200, for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger 201;
Automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector 12 and the flash evaporation 17 being communicated with the jet exit of injector 12 by pipeline; The import of described the second heat exchanger 102 is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor 1, in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger 102, is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
As shown in figure 11, during heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger 102 is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt: in the first stream, working medium is entered in injector 12 and by its jet exit and is sprayed by Driver Entry, and then working medium enters and in flash evaporation 17, carries out gas-liquid separation and be divided into the first branch road and the second branch road:
After the liquid refrigerant throttling of the first branch road, enter in the 3rd heat exchanger 3 and absorb heat, the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger 3 is by bypass draining hole access injector 12; The gaseous working medium of the second branch road flows back to compressor 1;
Working medium by the second stream flows into the 3rd heat exchanger 3 after 4 throttlings of first throttle element, then by bypass draining hole access injector 12.In figure, the first stop valve 15 can select the pipeline of conducting to be illustrated by the broken lines to the stream of the 3rd heat exchanger 3 to heat generating components heat exchanger 201 again, and wherein the 3rd throttle part 5 is preferably full-gear when this stream conducting.
As shown in figure 10, summer is during refrigeration mode, the working medium being flowed out by the second heat exchanger 102 flows into the 3rd heat exchanger 3 through pipeline, then after being divided into two-way after throttling or being divided into two-way, carry out throttling: in Yi road, working medium flows in First Heat Exchanger 101 and absorbs heat refrigeration, and the working medium then being flowed out by this First Heat Exchanger 101 flows back to compressor 1 by gas-liquid separator 9; The working medium on another road is entered and in heat generating components heat exchanger 201, is absorbed heat and freeze by pipeline, then by flowing back to compressor 1 through gas-liquid separator 9.
As shown in figure 12, during heat generating components preheating mode, working medium enters after the second heat exchanger 102 flows out emits heat in heat generating components heat exchanger 201 and heats, and then enters in the 3rd heat exchanger 3 and absorbs heat, and working medium flows back to compressor 1 by gas-liquid separator 9 again and completes a circulation.
As shown in figure 13, deice mode and refrigeration mode are basic identical, and difference is: under deice mode, air blast 104 and the air blast (not marking) coordinating with the 3rd heat exchanger are closed.The technique effect of this embodiment and above-mentioned the first embodiment are basic identical, thereby do not repeat them here.
Be the air conditioning for automobiles of the above embodiment pressure letter figure when real work as shown in figure 14.As shown in the figure, the 701st, compressor inlet, the 702nd, compressor outlet high temperature side heat exchanger entrance, the 703rd, high temperature side compressor outlet, 703a is that injector drives inflow stomion, 705 is injector flow type pump with injection entrance; 707 is injector exit point (flash evaporation entrance).
Wherein, 701-702 is low-temp low-pressure gaseous refrigerant compression process in compressor, and working medium raises through compression pressure and temperature, and the pressure difference before and after this stage compression is larger, higher to the requirement of compressor; 702-703 is that high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant (is outdoor heat exchanger under refrigerating state at high temperature side heat exchanger, heat under state as indoor heat exchanger) in condensation process, 703-703 ' is that high temperature refrigerant is cooled in Intermediate Heat Exchanger, and 703 '-703a is reducing pressure by regulating flow process; 703a-704 drives stream in injector expansion process; 704-706 and 705-706 drive stream and flow type pump with injection to converge process, and 706-707 converges the stream process of boosting; 707-701 is intermediate pressure refrigerant evaporation process in Intermediate Heat Exchanger; 707-708 is the throttling process of cold-producing medium; 708-709 is cold-producing medium evaporation process in low-temperature side heat exchanger (be indoor heat exchanger under refrigerating state, heating under state is outdoor heat exchanger).
The pressure of working medium that enters as can be seen from Figure compressor is relatively high, with respect to conventional heat pump system, in automotive air-conditioning system of the present invention, the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of compressor improves, and compression ratio reduces, and therefore can realize at the more efficient heat pump in low-temperature cold area and heating.
Above automotive air-conditioning system provided by the present invention is described in detail.Applied specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. an automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box (100), the second air-conditioning box (200) and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor (1), gas-liquid separator (9), carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box (100) is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box (100) comprises First Heat Exchanger (101) and the second heat exchanger (102); The second air-conditioning box (200), for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger (201);
It is characterized in that, described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector (12) and Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6), and described Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6) comprises low temperature side (61) and the high temperature side (62) that can carry out heat exchange;
The import of described the second heat exchanger (102) is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor (1), in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102), is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102) is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium enters in high temperature side (62), and by Driver Entry, enters in injector (12) after this high temperature side (62) flows out, and is divided into the first branch road and the second branch road after the jet exit ejection by this injector (12):
In this first branch road, working medium is carried out heat exchange through low temperature side (61), and then flows back in compressor (1) through gas-liquid separator (9);
In the second branch road, working medium is flowed in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) and is absorbed heat by pipeline after throttling, and the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger (3) flows in injector (12) by bypass draining hole;
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger (201) and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger (201) flows in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) after throttling.
2. a kind of automotive air-conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, during refrigeration mode, the working medium being flowed out by the second heat exchanger (102) flows in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) through pipeline, then after being divided into two-way or being divided into two-way after the throttling being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger (3), carry out throttling, the port of export of described the second heat exchanger (102) is connected with the first triple valve (2), in remaining two interfaces of this first triple valve (2), pipeline during an interface guiding refrigeration mode, pipeline during another interface guiding heating mode:
In Yi road, working medium flows in First Heat Exchanger (101) and absorbs heat refrigeration after low temperature side (61), and the working medium then being flowed out by this First Heat Exchanger (101) flows back in compressor (1) by gas-liquid separator (9);
In another road, working medium is entered in heat generating components heat exchanger (201) and is absorbed heat refrigeration by pipeline, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger (201) flows back in compressor (1) through gas-liquid separator (9).
3. a kind of automotive air-conditioning system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described the first stream, the Driver Entry of high temperature side (62) access injector (12), the jet exit of this injector (12) is connected with the second stop valve (11), and the pipeline after this second stop valve (11) is divided into the first branch road and the second branch road;
In the first branch road, between the port of export of low temperature side (61) and gas-liquid separator (9), pipeline is provided with the 3rd stop valve (8);
In the second branch road, the pipeline before the entrance point of the 3rd heat exchanger (3) is provided with first throttle element (4), and the pipeline between the 3rd heat exchanger (3) port of export and the bypass draining hole of injector (12) is provided with the 4th stop valve (10).
4. a kind of automotive air-conditioning system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, on pipeline between the 3rd heat exchanger (3) and the 4th stop valve (10), be connected with another pipeline that the 5th stop valve (14) is set, and in this another pipeline access gas-liquid separator (9), the pipeline between described high temperature side (62) and the Driver Entry of injector (12) is provided with second section fluid element (13).
5. a kind of automotive air-conditioning system as described in claim 2 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that, in described the second stream, the pipeline that the entrance point of heat generating components heat exchanger (201) connects is provided with the first stop valve (15), the pipeline that this heat generating components heat exchanger (201) port of export connects is provided with the 3rd restricting element (5), then by pipeline, be connected with the 3rd heat exchanger (3), the port of export of low temperature side (61) further connects in First Heat Exchanger (101) by the 6th stop valve (7), and the port of export of heat generating components heat exchanger (201) when refrigeration mode is by being provided with in the pipeline access gas-liquid separator (9) of the 7th stop valve (16).
6. an automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box (100), the second air-conditioning box (200) and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor (1), gas-liquid separator (9), carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box (100) is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box (100) comprises First Heat Exchanger (101) and the second heat exchanger (102); The second air-conditioning box (200), for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger (201);
It is characterized in that, described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector (12) and Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6), and described Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6) comprises low temperature side (61) and the high temperature side (62) that can carry out heat exchange;
The import of described the second heat exchanger (102) is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor (1), in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102), is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102) is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium enters high temperature side (62), after the throttling being flowed out, is divided into the first branch road and the second branch road by this high temperature side (62), or is divided into throttling after the first branch road and the second branch road;
In the first branch road, working medium enters injector (12) by Driver Entry, and sprayed by the jet exit of this injector (12), then by pipeline, enter in low temperature side (61) and carry out heat exchange, then after flowing out, this low temperature side (61) enters in gas-liquid separator (9);
In the second branch road, working medium is entered in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) and is absorbed heat by pipeline, and the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger (3) is by by-pass port access injector (12);
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger (201) and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger (201) flows in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) after throttling.
7. an automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box (100), the second air-conditioning box (200) and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor (1), gas-liquid separator (9), carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box (100) is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box (100) comprises First Heat Exchanger (101) and the second heat exchanger (102); The second air-conditioning box (200), for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger (201);
It is characterized in that, described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector (12) and Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6), and described Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6) comprises low temperature side (61) and the high temperature side (62) that can carry out heat exchange;
The import of described the second heat exchanger (102) is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor (1), in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102), is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102) is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium flows into respectively in the first branch road and the second branch road;
In the first branch road, working medium enters in injector (12) by Driver Entry, and sprayed by the jet exit of this injector (12), and then enter in low temperature side (61) by pipeline, the working medium being flowed out by this low temperature side (61) flows back in compressor (1) by gas-liquid separator (9);
In the second branch road, working medium flows in high temperature side (62), enters in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) and absorb heat after this high temperature side (62) flows out throttling, and the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger (3) is by bypass draining hole access injector (12);
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger (201) and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger (201) flows in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) after throttling.
8. an automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box (100), the second air-conditioning box (200) and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor (1), gas-liquid separator (9), carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box (100) is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box (100) comprises First Heat Exchanger (101) and the second heat exchanger (102); The second air-conditioning box (200), for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger (201);
It is characterized in that, described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector (12) and Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6), and described Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6) comprises low temperature side (61) and the high temperature side (62) that can carry out heat exchange;
The import of described the second heat exchanger (102) is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor (1), in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102), is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102) is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium flows into respectively in the first branch road and the second branch road;
In the first branch road, working medium flows in high temperature side (62), then by Driver Entry, flow in injector (12), working medium enters in low temperature side (61) and carries out heat exchange after the jet exit outflow of this injector (12), and the working medium then being flowed out by this low temperature side (61) flows back in compressor (1) by gas-liquid separator (9);
In the second branch road, after throttling, enter in the 3rd heat exchanger (3), the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger (3) is by bypass draining hole access injector (12);
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger (201) and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger (201) flows in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) after throttling.
9. an automotive air-conditioning system, at least comprises refrigeration mode and heating mode; The 3rd heat exchanger, the first air-conditioning box (100), the second air-conditioning box (200) and at least one restricting element that described automotive air-conditioning system comprises compressor (1), carries out heat exchange with compartment external environment;
The first air-conditioning box (100) is for regulating temperature and/or the humidity in compartment, and the first air-conditioning box (100) comprises First Heat Exchanger (101) and the second heat exchanger (102); The second air-conditioning box (200), for the temperature of regulation heating parts, comprises heat generating components heat exchanger (201);
It is characterized in that, described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises injector (12) and the flash evaporation (17) being communicated with the jet exit of injector (12) by pipeline;
The import of described the second heat exchanger (102) is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described compressor (1), in the pipeline after the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102), is divided into two-way, this two-way when refrigeration mode and heating mode, distinguish conducting one of them;
During heating mode, the second stream that the working medium being flowed out by the outlet of the second heat exchanger (102) is divided into the first stream and can selects connection or interrupt:
In the first stream, working medium is entered in injector (12) and by its jet exit and is sprayed by Driver Entry, and then working medium enters and in flash evaporation (17), carries out gas-liquid separation and be divided into the first branch road and the second branch road:
In the first branch road, after liquid refrigerant throttling, enter in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) and absorb heat, the working medium then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger (3) is by bypass draining hole access injector (12);
In the second branch road, gaseous working medium flows back in compressor (1);
In the second stream, working medium enters in heat generating components heat exchanger (201) and emits heat, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger (201) flows in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) after throttling.
10. a kind of automotive air-conditioning system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, during refrigeration mode, the working medium being flowed out by the second heat exchanger (102) flows in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) through pipeline, carries out throttling after the throttling then being flowed out by the 3rd heat exchanger (3) after being divided into two-way or being divided into two-way:
In Yi road, working medium flows in First Heat Exchanger (101) and absorbs heat refrigeration after throttling, and the working medium then being flowed out by this First Heat Exchanger (101) is by flowing back in compressor (1) with gas-liquid separator (9);
In another road, working medium is entered in heat generating components heat exchanger (201) and is absorbed heat refrigeration by pipeline, and the working medium then being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger (201) flows back in compressor (1) through gas-liquid separator (9).
11. a kind of automotive air-conditioning systems as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, during heat generating components preheating mode, working medium enters after the second heat exchanger (102) flows out emits heat in heat generating components heat exchanger (201) and heats, then the working medium being flowed out by this heat generating components heat exchanger (201) enters in the 3rd heat exchanger (3) and absorbs heat after throttling, and working medium flows back in compressor (1) by gas-liquid separator (9) after the 3rd heat exchanger (3) flows out.
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CN108603702A (en) * 2015-07-14 2018-09-28 株式会社电装 Heat pump cycle
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CN109515115A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-03-26 上海交通大学 It is a kind of using carbon dioxide as the automotive air-conditioning system of working medium and control method
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CN110497769A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-11-26 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Automobile heat pump system and its control method
CN113335016A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-09-03 西安交通大学 Injector module for new energy vehicle and transcritical CO2Heat pump air conditioning system and method

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