WO2023134179A1

WO2023134179A1 - Extended-range electric vehicle and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2023134179A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/116641
Authority: WO
Inventors: 靳普
Original assignee: 靳普科技(北京)有限公司
Priority date: 2022-01-11
Filing date: 2022-09-01
Publication date: 2023-07-20
Also published as: CN114274795A

Abstract

Provided is an extended-range electric vehicle. The electric vehicle comprises a driving system, comprising a motor A (2) serving as a driving motor, and a wheel (1) coaxially connected to the motor A (2); a battery system (11) electrically connected to the motor A (2); an energy recovery system, comprising an electric control clutch (3), an air compression pump A (5) and a high-pressure gas cylinder (6); a range extender, comprising a micro gas turbine (24) and a generator (18) connected to each other; and a thermal management system, comprising a refrigeration system (31), a heating system (26), a heat exchange medium circulation system (25), a refrigeration fan (33), and a heating fan (28). Also provided is a control method of the extended-range electric vehicle. Cooling is achieved by means of a refrigerator (29), the efficiency is high, and the problem of the electric quantity and endurance mileage of the battery system (11) does not need to be considered. Heating/cooling is achieved by means of waste heat of the micro gas turbine (24). Meanwhile, by taking the high-pressure gas cylinder (6) as an energy balancer, braking energy of the extended-range electric vehicle is recovered and reused, so that peak clipping and valley filling of the energy of the whole vehicle are achieved, and the energy utilization rate is improved while environmental protection and energy conservation are achieved.

Description

Range-extended electric vehicle and control method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to an extended-range electric vehicle and a control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of vehicles.

Background technique

With the deterioration of the global environment and air quality, more and more people realize the importance of environmental protection. Traditional fuel vehicles have low utilization rate of energy, low efficiency, and greater harm to the environment. Therefore, as new energy vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles are becoming more and more popular due to many objective factors.

In the prior art, range-extended electric vehicles mainly involve three situations: the first one uses the internal combustion engine as a range extender, that is, the internal combustion engine is used to drive the generator to generate electricity to charge the battery; the second one uses the free-piston expander-linear power generation The engine is used as a range extender, which uses compressed air to drive a free piston generator to output electric energy to charge the battery; the third type uses a micro gas turbine as a range extender, and uses the rotation of the output shaft of the gas turbine to drive the generator to charge the battery.

Thermal management systems have a significant impact on overall vehicle performance, life and durability. At present, the thermal management problems of electric vehicles mainly involve two aspects. The first aspect is the temperature control of the battery pack and the vehicle controller, and the second aspect is the temperature control in the passenger compartment. Specifically, in the first aspect, the operating temperature of the electric vehicle battery pack needs to be maintained within a certain range (for example, lithium batteries are generally 10-50°C). If the temperature is too high, the service life of the battery will be reduced, and even safety problems such as explosion will occur. If the temperature is too low, the working performance of the battery will be reduced, and the electrolyte of the battery may be destroyed, resulting in the battery being discarded. Current thermal management for electric vehicle battery packs is typically through air cooling. However, air cooling has the following disadvantages: 1. Air cooling generally connects the coolant to the air intake grille, and cools the coolant through the intake air of the vehicle during driving, thereby cooling the battery pack. This cooling is greatly increased. It reduces the resistance during the driving process of the vehicle, increases the consumption of electric energy of the vehicle, and the air intake grille will also cool down the battery in winter; 2. When the temperature of the surrounding environment is greater than 40°C, the battery pack cannot be cooled by extracting the ambient air. When the temperature of the surrounding environment is lower than 0°C, the battery pack needs to be heated, so when the electric vehicle is running in high temperature (air temperature greater than 40°C) or low temperature (air temperature is less than 0°C) climate conditions, air cooling cannot Meet the needs of battery pack cooling and heating. 3. At present, the battery of an ordinary electric vehicle accounts for 50% to 60% of the battery pack (referring to the number of parts by mass, the same below), the frame accounts for 15% to 20%, the control system accounts for 5% to 10%, and the rest is coolant. Accounting for 20% to 30% (for example, for electric vehicles with high-power discharge such as Tesla, the mass fraction of the cooling fluid can even account for more than 40% of the battery pack); most of the structure in the frame is a cooling fin. This reduces the capacity of the battery and is not conducive to the weight reduction of the electric vehicle. 4. The main component of the coolant of ordinary electric vehicles is mostly water (water has the largest specific heat capacity), and when the temperature of the cooling water is low, it is easy to frost and freeze, which will not only affect the performance of the system, but also affect the driver. safety. Second, for traditional electric vehicles, there is no excess waste heat for the heating of the passenger compartment during heating in winter, and electric vehicles must consume the electric energy of the battery pack to meet the comfort requirements of the passenger compartment. In very cold weather, the electric energy for heating the passenger compartment is almost equal to the electric energy required for the propulsion system. At this time, the load on the electric vehicle battery pack is greatly increased, and the cruising range of the vehicle is greatly reduced. In hot weather conditions, the cooling of the passenger compartment of electric vehicles also mainly relies on electric energy cooling, and the consumption of electric energy seriously affects the cruising range of electric vehicles.

In addition, in order to improve the energy utilization rate of the extended-range electric vehicle and avoid energy waste, it is necessary to recycle the braking energy of the vehicle. There are many reports in the prior art. For example, CN 204383180 U discloses a flywheel energy storage The range-extended electric vehicle transmission adopts flywheel energy storage to recover braking energy. This scheme is complicated in structure, bulky, is not easy to implement. For example, CN 104691358 A discloses an energy recovery control method and device for a range-extended electric vehicle, which compares the pre-charging power with the maximum allowable secondary electric power of the power battery, and determines the braking recovery currently used by the range extender of the electric vehicle according to the comparison result. power. This solution needs to monitor and limit the charging power in the extended range working mode. For example, CN 101734251 A discloses a range-extended electric vehicle control system and its control method. It sets a driving motor integrating power generation/driving functions, and uses a range extender to supply power. On the one hand, it is determined whether the It is necessary to start the range extender to generate electricity. On the other hand, when the driver has no driving demand, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is recovered by making the drive motor generate electricity, thereby extending the cruising range. This solution cannot make timely and effective use of the excess electric energy output by the generator when the battery is fully charged.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above prior art, the present invention provides a range-extended electric vehicle and a control method thereof. The range-extended electric vehicle of the present invention can reasonably recycle the energy in the braking process of the vehicle without limiting the output power of the range extender, can timely and effectively utilize the excess electric energy output by the generator, and can also provide more Good geothermal management. The invention has important value and significance for improving the cruising range and the power performance of the whole vehicle and reducing energy waste of the extended-range electric vehicle.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

An extended-range electric vehicle, comprising:

A driving system, including a motor A as a driving motor, and a wheel coaxially connected with the motor A;

The battery system is electrically connected to the motor A and provides electric energy for the motor A;

An energy recovery system, including an electronically controlled clutch, an air compressor pump A and a high-pressure gas cylinder, wherein the air compressor A is connected to the motor A through an electronically controlled clutch; the high-pressure gas cylinder is connected to the air compressor A, and the air compressor A is used to compress Air and stored in high pressure cylinders;

a range extender comprising a connected micro gas turbine and a generator connected to the battery system;

Thermal management system, including: refrigeration system, heating system, heat exchange medium circulation system, refrigeration fan for cockpit cooling, and heating fan for cockpit heating, wherein the refrigeration system is connected with the generator, and It is connected to the exhaust end of the micro gas turbine; the heating system is connected to the exhaust end of the micro gas turbine; the heat exchange medium circulation system is respectively connected to the refrigeration system and the heating system (cooling is realized through the refrigeration system, and preheating is realized through the heating system) ; The cooling fan is connected to the refrigeration system; the heating fan is connected to the heating system.

Further, the micro gas turbine includes a rotating shaft, a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine, the compressor and the turbine are arranged on the rotating shaft, the exhaust port of the compressor communicates with the intake port of the combustion chamber, and the gas outlet of the combustion chamber communicates with the turbine The air inlet of the generator is connected, and the rotating shaft is connected with the rotor shaft of the generator to drive the generator to generate electricity.

Further, the refrigeration system includes a refrigerator and a cooler, the refrigerator is connected to the generator, one end of the cooler is connected to the refrigerator, the other end is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation system, and the refrigeration fan is connected to the refrigerator. When working, the electric energy output by the generator is supplied to the refrigerator through the power distributor to realize refrigeration. The low-temperature gas generated by the refrigerator enters the cooler and cools the high-temperature heat transfer medium passing through the cooler. The temperature of the high-temperature heat transfer medium after cooling through the cooler Lower, and then return to the heat exchange medium circulation system to cool the vehicle controller and battery system; at the same time, the low-temperature gas generated by the refrigerator enters the cockpit through the cooling fan to achieve cooling in the cockpit.

Further, a flow control valve can be set between the refrigerator and the cooling fan to control the flow of low-temperature gas, so as to control the temperature in the cockpit according to requirements and ensure an appropriate temperature in the cockpit.

Further, the refrigeration system also includes a lithium bromide unit, the lithium bromide unit includes a generator connected in circulation, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber and a heat exchanger, the generator is also connected to the absorber, and the heat exchanger is provided with a circulation pump ; The exhaust end of the micro gas turbine is connected with the generator, the cooler is connected with the cold water outlet of the evaporator, and the refrigeration fan is connected with the cooler. When working, part of the tail gas emitted by the micro gas turbine enters the generator, and heats the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the generator to vaporize the water in the solution to generate water vapor, thereby increasing the concentration of the lithium bromide aqueous solution; the lithium bromide aqueous solution with increased concentration enters the absorption The water vapor enters the condenser, is condensed after being cooled by the cooling water in the condenser, and becomes liquid water at high pressure and low temperature; Liquid water rapidly expands and vaporizes, and absorbs a large amount of heat from the refrigerant water in the evaporator during the vaporization process, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling and cooling; during this process, low-temperature water vapor enters the absorber and is absorbed by the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the absorber. The concentration of lithium bromide aqueous solution is gradually reduced, and then sent back to the generator by the circulating pump to complete the whole cycle. This cycle is endless, and the cooling capacity is continuously produced. Since the dilute lithium bromide solution has been cooled in the absorber, the temperature is low. In order to save the heat of heating the dilute solution and improve the thermal efficiency of the whole device, a heat exchanger is set up to allow the high-temperature concentrated solution flowing out of the generator and the low-temperature solution flowing out of the absorber. The dilute solution undergoes heat exchange to increase the temperature at which the dilute solution enters the generator. In this way, the purpose of utilizing the tail gas of the micro gas turbine to refrigerate through the lithium bromide unit is realized. Specifically, the refrigerant water generated by the lithium bromide unit is connected to the cooler and circulated, thus providing the input of the cold source for the cooler. The cooler cools the vehicle control system and battery system through the heat exchange medium circulation system. At the same time, the cooler can be connected to the cooling fan, and the cold source generated by the lithium bromide unit can be used to cool the cockpit. In specific applications, the above two cooling methods (using electric energy for cooling and using lithium bromide units for cooling) can be performed simultaneously to cool the cockpit, vehicle control system and battery system, thereby improving cooling efficiency. In the case of low refrigeration demand, the cooling method of the lithium bromide unit is given priority to make full use of the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine, and at the same time save the electric energy of the whole vehicle. The cooler can be set as two sets of separate cooling units, that is, the cooling unit for cooling the heat exchange medium of the refrigerator and the cooling unit for cooling the heat exchange medium of the lithium bromide unit, or two sets of cooling units share one cooler, and the cooler is provided with a cooling unit through The gas path cooling pipeline of the low temperature gas generated by the refrigerator and the liquid path cooling pipeline of the refrigerant water generated by the lithium bromide unit.

Further, the heating system includes a finned heat exchanger, and the finned heat exchanger is provided with a liquid circuit communicated with the heat exchange medium circulation system and a gas circuit communicated with the heating fan. The fins of the finned heat exchanger are retractable. When heating is required, the fins of the finned heat exchanger extend out to absorb the heat in the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine. When heating is not required, the fins The fins of the type heat exchanger are retracted and no longer perform heat exchange. When working, the heating fan can send the air heated by the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine into the cockpit to realize the heating of the cockpit; the heat exchange medium circulation system realizes the heating of the heat exchange medium by the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine through the liquid circuit, thereby realizing The exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine is used to heat the vehicle controller and battery system. In the cold winter, the heating system can not only realize the preheating of the vehicle controller and battery system, but also satisfy the heating of the cockpit without consuming electric energy, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

Further, the heat exchange medium circulation system includes circulation pipes, which are arranged around the vehicle control system and the battery system, and the circulation pipes communicate with the cooler of the refrigeration system and also communicate with the heating system; the circulation pipes The medium is filled with a heat exchange medium; the circulation pipeline is provided with a heat exchange circulation pump, a solenoid valve, and a throttle valve. When working, start the heat exchange circulation pump, so that the heat exchange medium circulates between the cooler and the circulation pipe around the vehicle control system/battery system, so as to achieve cooling and cooling. The solenoid valve is used for on-off and throttling of the heat exchange medium The valve is used to control the flow of heat exchange medium, so as to realize the regulation of temperature.

Further, the heat exchange medium is selected from liquid-gas phase-change substances, such as water, ethanol, methanol, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, etc., and the phase-change substances have the ability to change their physical state within a certain temperature range. When the temperature is lowered, a phase change from liquid to gas will occur. During the process of gasification, the phase change material absorbs and stores a large amount of latent heat. When the phase change material is cooled, the stored heat is dissipated to the environment within a certain temperature range, and a reverse phase change from gaseous state to liquid state is carried out. During these two phase transitions, the energy stored or released is called the latent heat of phase transition. When the physical state changes, the temperature of the material itself remains almost unchanged until the phase transition is completed, forming a wide temperature platform. Although the temperature remains unchanged, the latent heat absorbed or released is quite large. Since the phase change material can absorb or release a large amount of heat energy during the phase change process, its heat exchange efficiency is high. Compared with the traditional heat exchange system through water, the flow channel of the heat exchange medium can be set smaller, so that Not only can the circulation space of the heat exchange medium be reduced, but also the usage of the heat exchange medium can be reduced, so that the volume and weight of the battery pack can be reduced, which is beneficial to realize the weight reduction of the whole vehicle. Preferably, the heat exchange medium is selected from non-conductive and non-flammable heat exchange mediums, such as carbon tetrachloride and benzene. In this case, the battery pack can be directly immersed in the heat exchange medium, eliminating the need for circulation in the battery pack. Pipes, which can not only improve the heat exchange efficiency, simplify the structure of the battery pack, but also avoid the danger of explosion or fire when the battery is short-circuited.

Further, the thermal management system also includes an automatic control system, which can monitor the temperature of the cockpit, heat exchange medium, vehicle control system and battery system in real time, and control the refrigeration system and heating system according to the detected temperature. The start and stop of the corresponding solenoid valve and the opening of the throttle valve realize the automatic control of the temperature.

Further, the energy recovery system also includes a motor B and an air compression pump B, the generator of the range extender is connected to the motor B, the motor B is connected to the air compression pump B; the air compression pump B is connected to the high-pressure gas cylinder, The air compressor B is used to compress the air and store it in a high pressure cylinder.

Further, the energy recovery system also includes a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is arranged in the high-pressure gas cylinder, the heat exchanger is connected with the micro gas turbine, and the high temperature tail gas (about 200° C.) discharged by the micro gas turbine is realized through the heat exchanger. Heat exchange of compressed gas in cylinders. After heat exchange, on the one hand, the compressed gas in the high-pressure gas cylinder is heated, the pressure is higher, and the efficiency of expansion and work is better during injection, and the thrust for the vehicle is stronger. On the other hand, the temperature of the exhaust gas decreases and can be close to normal temperature The temperature discharge achieves waste heat recovery, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free.

Further, the high-pressure gas cylinder is provided with a high-pressure gas injection port.

Further, the energy recovery system further includes a pneumatic generator, the exhaust port of the high-pressure gas cylinder is connected to the pneumatic generator, and the pneumatic generator is connected to the battery system.

Further, the vehicle also includes a power splitter, which is connected to the battery system, motor A and motor B, and includes the following working modes:

When the battery system is not fully charged, the electric energy from the generator of the range extender is distributed to the battery system to charge the battery system;

When the battery system is fully charged, the electric energy from the generator of the range extender is distributed to the motor A to drive the wheels;

When the battery system is fully charged and motor A is not working, the electric energy from the generator of the range extender is distributed to motor B to drive the air compressor pump B to compress the air and store it in a high-pressure cylinder.

Further, the vehicle also includes an electronically controlled clutch controller, which is connected to the electronically controlled clutch and includes the following working modes:

When the vehicle is running, control the electronically controlled clutch to disengage, and the motor A drives the wheels to rotate;

When the vehicle brakes, the electronically controlled clutch is controlled to engage, and the wheels drive the air compressor A through the motor A to compress the air and store it in the high-pressure cylinder. At the same time, the air compressor A provides reverse resistance for the wheels.

Further, a speed increaser is provided between the electronically controlled clutch and the air compression pump A, and when the vehicle brakes, the low rotational speed of the transmission shaft used to drive the wheels and/or the motor A (due to the braking of the shaft due to braking) speed reduction) amplification, strengthen the pumping efficiency of the air compressor pump A.

Further, the energy recovery system also includes a sensor for detecting the working state parameters of the high-pressure gas cylinder, and a high-pressure gas cylinder controller for controlling the opening and closing of the high-pressure gas injection port of the high-pressure gas cylinder, the sensor and the high-pressure gas cylinder control The sensor is connected; the sensor is selected from a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and/or a flow sensor. When working, the high-pressure gas cylinder controller can control the opening and closing of the high-pressure gas injection port in response to the working state parameters of the high-pressure gas cylinder detected by the sensor, for example: when the sensor detects that the pressure in the high-pressure gas cylinder is close to the preset pressure, the gas cylinder The controller controls the opening of the high-pressure gas injection port, and the gas is injected in the direction opposite to the driving direction of the vehicle to provide thrust for the vehicle; for example, when the sensor detects that the temperature of the gas in the high-pressure gas cylinder is close to the radiation temperature of the heat exchanger, it indicates that Heat exchange, at this time the gas cylinder controller controls the opening of the high-pressure gas injection port.

Further, the electric vehicle also includes a vehicle control system, which is used for the management, control, coordination, information collection and processing of the vehicle and its components, which includes the following elements:

vehicle controller;

AC-to-DC converters for converting the AC power generated by the generator into DC power for storage in the battery system;

The motor controller controls the motor A by receiving control commands from the vehicle controller.

Further, the air compression pump A and/or air compression pump B are selected from piston pumps, screw pumps or centrifugal pumps.

Further, the body of the high-pressure gas cylinder is made of heat-insulating material to achieve a heat-insulation effect and ensure that the heat of the gas in the cylinder is not lost.

Further, the battery system is a battery pack.

Further, the range extender and the high-pressure gas cylinder can be installed in various positions in the vehicle, such as front, middle, and rear. This is the prior art, such as a front engine disclosed in CN 105774512 A The range-extended electric passenger car, such as CN 104802629 A discloses a mid-engine extended-range electric vehicle, which will not be repeated here.

The control method of the above-mentioned extended-range electric vehicle includes a control method of a thermal management system and a control method of an energy recovery system; wherein, the control method of the thermal management system includes:

Cooling mode: when there is a cooling demand (for example, the automatic control system detects the temperature in the electrical control components in the vehicle control system, the battery system and the cockpit, when it detects the temperature in the vehicle control system, the battery system and/or the cockpit When the temperature exceeds the predetermined value), the control refrigeration system starts to cool the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit until the temperature of the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit drops to the normal range or predetermined In the cooling process, the cooling of the vehicle control system, battery system, and cockpit is independently carried out, and the opening/closing of the solenoid valve on the corresponding branch can be flexibly controlled according to the actual situation, and the opening and closing of the throttle valve on the corresponding branch can be controlled flexibly. In order to reduce the flow rate of the heat exchange medium, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency;

Heating mode: when there is a heating demand (for example, the automatic control system detects the temperature in the electrical control components in the vehicle control system, the battery system and the cockpit, When the temperature in the cabin is lower than the predetermined value), the heating system is controlled to start, and the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit are heated until the temperature of the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit increases to the normal range or predetermined value; during the heating process, the heating of the vehicle control system, battery system, and cockpit is carried out independently, and the opening/closing of the solenoid valve on the corresponding branch can be flexibly controlled according to the actual situation, and the corresponding branch can be controlled The opening degree of the throttle valve on the road can reduce the flow of the heat exchange medium, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

The control method of the energy recovery system includes:

When the vehicle is running smoothly, control the electronically controlled clutch to disengage, and the motor A drives the wheels to rotate;

When the vehicle accelerates, control the high-pressure gas injection port of the high-pressure gas cylinder to spray in the direction opposite to the vehicle's driving direction to provide thrust for the vehicle;

When the vehicle is not in emergency braking, control the electronically controlled clutch to engage, and control the motor A to not work. The wheels drive the air compression pump A to compress the air through the motor A and store it in the high-pressure cylinder. At the same time, the air compression pump A provides reverse rotation for the wheels. resistance;

When the vehicle brakes in an emergency, the electronically controlled clutch is controlled to engage, and the motor A is controlled to work. The motor A drives the mechanical chuck on the wheel to brake the wheel. At the same time, the reverse resistance of the air compression pump A is superimposed to realize the vehicle brake.

Further, in the refrigeration mode, the lithium bromide unit is first controlled to start for refrigeration; if the refrigeration of the lithium bromide unit cannot meet the cooling requirements or the refrigeration speed is slow, the refrigerator is controlled to be turned on for refrigeration, and the low-temperature gas generated by the refrigerator passes through the cooling fan to the driver. The cabin is cooled and refrigerated, and the low-temperature gas generated by the refrigerator enters the cooler to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium, thereby cooling the vehicle control system and/or battery system; when the cooling of the lithium bromide unit can meet the cooling requirements, the refrigerator is turned off. Only the lithium bromide unit is kept for circulating refrigeration.

Further, the control method of the energy recovery system further includes:

The range-extended electric vehicle and control system of the present invention is equipped with a thermal management system with better effect, adopts a refrigerator and/or a lithium bromide unit for refrigeration, and has high efficiency; adopts exhaust gas heating of a micro gas turbine to fully utilize energy, and improves the efficiency. energy utilization.

The range-extended electric vehicle and the control system of the present invention use a high-pressure gas cylinder as an energy balancer to recover and reuse the braking energy of the extended-range electric vehicle. The energy is converted into the potential energy recovery of compressed air through the air compressor A. At the same time, when the engine is inconvenient to slow down, shut down or stand by, the electric energy that cannot be stored in time can be converted into potential energy recovery of compressed air through the air compression pump B. In addition, the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas emitted by the engine is recovered by setting up a heat exchanger. Moreover, the present invention can reuse the recovered energy in time, discharge the high-pressure gas through the high-pressure gas injection port, provide extra power for the running of the vehicle, and improve the energy utilization rate while realizing environmental protection and energy saving.

The extended-range electric vehicle and its control system of the present invention, the thermal management system and the energy recovery system can work simultaneously or independently according to the situation. stage, when the braking situation occurs, it can work at the same time, the energy recovery system is responsible for the recovery of vehicle braking energy, and the thermal management system is responsible for the thermal cycle. In specific applications, the vehicle control system can monitor the vehicle's running state parameters in real time (for example, the temperature of the cab, the temperature of the battery system, the temperature of the vehicle control system, the gas storage of the high-pressure gas cylinder, the power of the battery system, the Engine speed, braking system parameters, micro-turbine fuel stock, etc.), for vehicles driven by personnel, the vehicle controller responds to personnel instructions, and controls the energy recovery system and/or thermal management system to work; for autonomous vehicles, the vehicle The control system can make autonomous decisions based on operating state parameters to control the operation of the energy recovery system and/or thermal management system.

Specifically, for self-driving vehicles, the vehicle control system can perform optimization calculations based on real-time data of vehicle operating state parameters and decision-making algorithms to determine the optimal control strategy. For example, the decision-making algorithm takes the power of the battery system, the fuel stock of the micro-gas turbine, and the travel distance of the vehicle as high-weight parameters to ensure that the personnel can reach the destination as the goal, and to optimize, the following control strategy can be given:

① When the cruising distance of the battery system is greater than or equal to the travel distance, the energy recovery system and thermal management system are allowed to work;

② When the cruising distance corresponding to the power of the battery system + the fuel stock of the micro gas turbine is less than or just equal to the travel distance, the energy recovery system is allowed to work, the lithium bromide unit in the heating system or refrigeration system in the thermal management bearer is allowed to work, and the power divider is controlled stop power supply to the refrigerator;

③ When the cruising distance corresponding to the power of the battery system + the fuel stock of the micro gas turbine is greater than the travel distance, the energy recovery system and thermal management system are allowed to work.

The extended-range electric vehicle and control system of the present invention have the following advantages:

1. The high-pressure gas injected by the high-pressure gas cylinder is used to provide thrust for the vehicle, which can reduce the battery energy density and discharge rate standards of the extended-range electric vehicle. Therefore, ordinary battery packs can be used or the battery volume can be reduced to save costs.

2. As the energy balancer of the entire vehicle, the high-pressure gas cylinder recycles the braking energy of the vehicle, and provides thrust for the vehicle when the vehicle needs to accelerate, so as to realize peak-shaving and valley-filling of the energy of the entire vehicle.

3. High-pressure gas cylinders, air compression pumps, electronically controlled clutches, etc. are easy to install, and the structure is relatively simple, so the whole scheme is easy to implement.

4. Air compression stores potential energy without energy loss.

5. Recover the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas emitted by the engine, which improves the energy utilization efficiency. Theoretically, the thermal efficiency of the whole vehicle can reach 70% to 90%.

6. The temperature is lowered through the refrigerator. Since the extended-range electric vehicle is equipped with a micro gas turbine, it can generate electricity at any time, so there is no need to consider the battery power and cruising range; moreover, the refrigerator consumes little power and uses very little power It can meet the needs of battery cooling and air conditioning refrigeration.

7. The phase change material has high heat exchange efficiency, and it is easy to realize the lightweight of the battery system and the whole vehicle.

8. The waste heat of the micro gas turbine can be used to realize the heating/cooling of the battery system and the heating/cooling of the cockpit, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

Various terms and phrases used herein have their ordinary meanings known to those skilled in the art. If the terms and phrases mentioned are inconsistent with the known meanings, the meanings expressed in the present invention shall prevail.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the structure of an extended-range electric vehicle.

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the structure of the lithium bromide unit.

Among them, 1. Wheel; 2. Motor A; 3. Electronically controlled clutch; 4. Speed increaser; 5. Air compression pump A; 6. High-pressure gas cylinder; 7. High-pressure gas injection port; 8. Heat exchanger; 9 , sensor; 10, exhaust gas; 11, battery system; 12, vehicle controller; 13, high-pressure gas cylinder controller; 14, AC-DC converter; 15, motor controller; 16, power divider; 17, electric control Clutch controller; 18. Generator; 19. Compressor; 20. Combustion chamber; 21. Turbine; 22. Motor B; 23. Air compressor pump B; 24. Micro gas turbine; 25. Heat exchange medium circulation system; 26. Heating system; 27. Fin heat exchanger; 28. Heating fan; 29. Refrigerator; 30. Cooler; 31. Refrigeration system; 32. Lithium bromide unit; 33. Refrigeration fan; 34. Cockpit; 231. Generator; 232, condenser; 233, evaporator; 234, absorber; 235, heat exchanger; 236, circulation pump.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Those skilled in the art can understand that various changes and modifications can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A kind of extended-range electric vehicle, its structure is shown in Figure 1, comprises:

The drive system provides power output for the vehicle, including the motor A2 as the drive motor, and the wheel 1 coaxially connected with the motor A2.

The battery system 11 is electrically connected with the motor A 2 and provides electric energy for the motor A 2; it is used to store electric energy and provide power for the drive system.

The energy recovery system is used to recover the braking energy of the vehicle, including an electronically controlled clutch 3, an air compression pump A 5 and a high-pressure gas cylinder 6, wherein the air compression pump A 5 is connected to the motor A 2 through the electronically controlled clutch 3; Bottle 6 is connected with air compression pump A 5, and air compression pump A 5 is used for compressing air and is stored in high-pressure gas cylinder 6; Described high-pressure gas cylinder 6 is provided with high-pressure gas injection port 7.

The range extender includes a connected micro gas turbine 24 and a generator 18 , and the generator 18 is connected to the battery system 11 . Described micro gas turbine 24 mainly comprises air compressor 19, combustor 20, turbine 21 three big parts, and during work, air compressor 19 sucks in air from outside atmospheric environment, and compression makes it supercharged, and air temperature also correspondingly improves simultaneously; Compressed air It is pressed into the combustion chamber 20 and mixed with the injected fuel to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas; then enters the turbine 21 to expand and do work, and pushes the turbine 21 to drive the compressor 19 and the external load rotor to rotate at a high speed, and is connected to the generator 18 output electric energy.

The thermal management system includes: a cooling system 31, a heating system 26, a heat exchange medium circulation system 25, a cooling fan 33 for cockpit cooling, and a heating fan 28 for cockpit heating, wherein the cooling system 31 It is connected with the generator 18 and also connected with the exhaust end of the micro gas turbine; the heating system 26 is connected with the exhaust end of the micro gas turbine; the heat exchange medium circulation system 25 is connected with the refrigeration system 31 and the heating system 26 respectively (through the 31 realizes the cooling of the battery system 11 and the control system of the vehicle, and realizes the preheating of the battery system 11 and the control system of the vehicle through the heating system 26); the cooling fan 33 is connected with the refrigeration system 31; the heating fan 28 is connected with the heating system System 26 is connected.

The refrigerating system 31 includes a refrigerating machine 29 and a cooler 30, the refrigerating machine 29 is connected to the generator 18, one end of the cooler 30 is connected to the refrigerating machine 29, the other end is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation system 25, and the refrigerating fan 33 is connected to the refrigerating machine. Machine 29 is connected. During operation, the electric energy output by the generator 18 is supplied to the refrigerator 29 through the power distributor 16 to realize refrigeration, and the low-temperature gas generated by the refrigerator 29 enters the cooler 30 to cool the high-temperature heat transfer medium passing through the cooler 30, and the high-temperature heat transfer medium passes through After the cooler 30 is cooled, the temperature decreases, and then returns to the heat exchange medium circulation system 25 to circulate to cool the vehicle controller and the battery system 11; at the same time, the low-temperature gas generated by the refrigerator 29 enters the cockpit through the cooling fan 33 to realize the cockpit Refrigeration inside.

A flow control valve can be set between the refrigerator 29 and the cooling fan 33 to control the flow of the low-temperature gas, thereby controlling the temperature in the cockpit according to demand, and ensuring a suitable temperature in the cockpit.

Described refrigerating system 31 also comprises lithium bromide unit 32, as shown in Figure 2, lithium bromide unit 32 comprises the generator 231, condenser 232, evaporator 233, absorber 234 and heat exchanger 235 of circulation connection, generator 231 is also connected with The absorber 234 is connected, and the heat exchanger 235 is provided with a circulation pump 236; the exhaust end of the micro gas turbine is connected with the generator 231, the cooler is connected with the cold water outlet of the evaporator 233, and the cooling fan is connected with the cooler. During work, part of the tail gas discharged by the micro gas turbine enters the generator 231, and the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the generator 231 is heated, so that the water in the solution is vaporized to generate water vapor, and then the concentration of the lithium bromide aqueous solution is increased; the lithium bromide aqueous solution with increased concentration Enter the absorber 234; water vapor enters the condenser 232, is condensed after being cooled by the cooling water in the condenser 232, becomes liquid water of high pressure and low temperature; then, enters the evaporator 233 (throttle valve can be set in the condenser 232), in In the evaporator 233, the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid water rapidly expands and vaporizes, and absorbs a large amount of heat from the refrigerant water in the evaporator 233 during the vaporization process, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling; during this process, low-temperature water vapor enters the absorber 234 , is absorbed by the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the absorber 234, and the concentration of the lithium bromide aqueous solution gradually decreases, and then is sent back to the generator 231 by the circulation pump 236 to complete the whole cycle. This cycle is endless, and the cooling capacity is continuously produced. The refrigerant water generated by the lithium bromide unit 32 is connected to the cooler 30 and circulated, thereby providing the cooler 30 with a cooling source input. The cooler 30 cools the vehicle control system and the battery system 11 through the heat exchange medium circulation system 25. At the same time, the cooler 30 can be connected to the cooling fan 33, and the cold source generated by the lithium bromide unit 32 can be used to cool the cockpit. In specific applications, the above two cooling methods (using electric energy for cooling and using the lithium bromide unit 32 for cooling) can be performed simultaneously to cool the cockpit, the vehicle control system and the battery system 11, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. In the case of low refrigeration demand, the cooling method of the lithium bromide unit 32 is given priority to make full use of the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine, and simultaneously save the electric energy of the whole vehicle. The cooler 30 can be set as two sets of separate cooling units, that is, the cooling unit for cooling the heat exchange medium of the refrigerator and the cooling unit for cooling the heat exchange medium of the lithium bromide unit, or a common cooler 30 for two sets of cooling units, the cooler 30 The gas path cooling pipeline for the low-temperature gas generated by the refrigerator and the liquid path cooling pipeline for the refrigerant water generated by the lithium bromide unit 32 are provided.

The heating system 26 includes a finned heat exchanger 27 , and the finned heat exchanger 27 is provided with a liquid circuit connected with the heat exchange medium circulation system 25 and a gas circuit connected with the heating fan 28 . The fins of the finned heat exchanger 27 are retractable. When heating is required, the fins of the finned heat exchanger 27 stretch out to absorb the heat in the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine. When heating is not needed, The fins of the finned heat exchanger 27 are retracted and no longer perform heat exchange. When working, the heating fan 28 can send the air heated by the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine into the cockpit to realize the heating of the cockpit; the heat exchange medium circulation system 25 realizes the heating of the heat exchange medium by the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine through the liquid circuit, In this way, the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine can be used to heat the vehicle controller and the battery system 11 . In the cold winter, the heating system can not only realize the preheating of the vehicle controller and the battery system 11, but also satisfy the heating of the cockpit without consuming electric energy, which is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

The heat exchange medium circulation system 25 includes circulation pipes, which are arranged around the vehicle control system and the battery system, and the circulation pipes communicate with the cooler 30 of the refrigeration system 31 and also communicate with the heating system 26; The pipeline is filled with a heat exchange medium; the circulation pipeline is provided with a heat exchange circulation pump, a solenoid valve and a throttle valve. When working, start the heat exchange circulation pump, so that the heat exchange medium circulates between the cooler 30 and the circulation pipeline around the vehicle control system/battery system 11, thereby realizing cooling down, and the solenoid valve is used for on-off of the heat exchange medium. The throttle valve is used to control the flow of the heat exchange medium, so as to realize the regulation of temperature.

The heat exchange medium is selected from liquid-gas phase change substances, such as water, ethanol, methanol, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, etc. The phase change substances have the ability to change their physical state within a certain temperature range, and when heated to the gasification temperature , will produce a phase change from liquid to gas. During the gasification process, the phase change material absorbs and stores a large amount of latent heat. When the phase change material is cooled, the stored heat is dissipated to the environment within a certain temperature range, and a reverse phase change from gaseous state to liquid state is carried out. During these two phase transitions, the energy stored or released is called the latent heat of phase transition. When the physical state changes, the temperature of the material itself remains almost unchanged until the phase transition is completed, forming a wide temperature platform. Although the temperature remains unchanged, the latent heat absorbed or released is quite large. Since the phase change material can absorb or release a large amount of heat energy during the phase change process, its heat exchange efficiency is high. Compared with the traditional heat exchange system through water, the flow channel of the heat exchange medium can be set smaller, so that Not only can the circulation space of the heat exchange medium be reduced, but also the usage of the heat exchange medium can be reduced, so that the volume and weight of the battery pack can be reduced, which is beneficial to realize the weight reduction of the whole vehicle. Preferably, the heat exchange medium is selected from non-conductive and non-flammable heat exchange mediums, such as carbon tetrachloride and benzene. In this case, the battery pack can be directly immersed in the heat exchange medium, eliminating the need for circulation in the battery pack. Pipes, which can not only improve the heat exchange efficiency, simplify the structure of the battery pack, but also avoid the danger of explosion or fire when the battery is short-circuited.

The thermal management system also includes an automatic control system, which can monitor the temperature of the cockpit, heat exchange medium, vehicle control system and battery system in real time, and control the start and stop of the refrigeration system and heating system according to the detected temperature And the switch of the corresponding electromagnetic valve and the opening degree of the throttle valve realize the automatic control of the temperature.

The energy recovery system can also include a motor B 22 and an air compression pump B 23, the generator of the range extender is connected to the motor B 22, the motor B 22 is connected to the air compression pump B 23; the air compression pump B 23 is connected to the high-pressure gas The bottle 6 is connected, and the air compressor B 23 is used to compress the air and is stored in the high-pressure gas bottle 6.

Described energy recovery system can also comprise heat exchanger 8, and heat exchanger 8 is arranged in the high-pressure gas bottle 6, and heat exchanger 8 is connected with micro gas turbine, realizes the high-temperature tail gas (about 200 ℃) that micro gas turbine discharges by heat exchanger 8 ) and the heat exchange of the compressed gas in the high-pressure cylinder 6. After the heat exchange, on the one hand, the compressed gas in the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 is heated, the pressure is higher, the efficiency of expansion and work is better during injection, and the thrust for the vehicle is stronger; on the other hand, the temperature of the exhaust gas 10 is lowered, which can Discharge at a temperature close to normal temperature realizes waste heat recovery, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free.

The energy recovery system can also include a pneumatic generator, the exhaust port of the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 is connected to the pneumatic generator, and the pneumatic generator is connected to the battery system 11. During operation, the compressor of the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 drives the pneumatic generator to generate electricity. generator.

The vehicle also includes a power splitter 16 connected to the battery system 11, the motor A 2 and the motor B 22, and includes the following modes of operation:

When the battery system 11 is not fully charged, the electric energy from the generator 18 of the range extender is distributed to the battery system 11 to charge the battery system 11;

When the battery system 11 is fully charged, the electric energy from the generator 18 of the range extender is distributed to the motor A 2 to drive the wheel 1 to rotate;

When the battery system 11 is fully charged and the motor A 2 is not working, the electric energy from the generator 11 of the range extender is distributed to the motor B 22 to drive the air compressor B 23 to compress the air and store it in the high-pressure gas cylinder 6.

Described vehicle also comprises electronically controlled clutch controller 17, and electronically controlled clutch controller 17 is connected with electronically controlled clutch 3, and comprises the following operating modes:

When the vehicle is running, control the electronically controlled clutch 3 to disengage, and the motor A 2 drives the wheel 1 to rotate;

When the vehicle brakes, the electronic control clutch 3 is controlled to engage, and the wheel 1 drives the air compression pump A5 to compress the air through the motor A2 and stores it in the high-pressure gas cylinder 6. At the same time, the air compression pump A5 provides reverse resistance for the wheel 1.

A speed increaser 4 may be provided between the electronically controlled clutch 3 and the air compression pump A5, and when the vehicle is braked, it is used to drive the wheel 1 and/or the motor A2 at a low speed of the drive shaft (due to braking) cause the rotation speed of the shaft to decrease) to amplify and strengthen the pumping efficiency of the air compressor pump A5.

Described energy recovery system can also comprise the sensor 9 that is used to detect the working state parameter of high-pressure gas cylinder 6, and the gas cylinder controller 13 that is used to control the opening and closing of the high-pressure gas injection port 7 of high-pressure gas cylinder 6, sensor 9 and high pressure The gas cylinder controller 13 is connected; the sensor 9 is selected from a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and/or a flow sensor. During work, the high-pressure gas cylinder controller 13 can control the opening and closing of the high-pressure gas injection port 7 in response to the working state parameters of the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 detected by the sensor 9, for example: when the sensor 9 detects that the pressure in the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 is close to the predetermined When setting the pressure, the high-pressure gas cylinder controller 13 controls the high-pressure gas injection port 7 to open, and sprays gas in the direction opposite to the vehicle's driving direction, thereby providing thrust for the vehicle; for example: when the sensor 9 detects that the temperature of the gas in the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 is close to When heat exchanger 8 radiates temperature, it shows that heat exchange can no longer be performed. At this moment, high-pressure gas cylinder controller 13 controls high-pressure gas injection port 7 to open.

The electric vehicle also includes a vehicle control system for the management, control, coordination, information collection and processing of the vehicle and its components, which includes the following elements:

Vehicle controller 12;

The AC-DC converter 14 is used to convert the AC power generated by the generator 18 into DC power for storage by the battery system 11;

The motor controller 15 controls the motor A2 by receiving the control command from the vehicle controller.

Described air compression pump A5, air compression pump B23, can be piston pump, screw pump or centrifugal pump.

The bottle body of the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 can be made of heat insulating material, so as to realize the heat insulation effect and ensure that the heat of the gas in the bottle is not lost.

The battery system 11 may be a battery pack.

The range extender and the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 can be arranged in various positions in the vehicle, such as front, middle, and rear.

Embodiment 2 Control method of extended-range electric vehicle

Including the control method of the thermal management system and the control method of the energy recovery system; wherein, the control method of the thermal management system includes:

Cooling mode: when there is a cooling demand (for example, the automatic control system detects the temperature in the electrical control components in the vehicle control system, the battery system and the cockpit, when it detects the temperature in the vehicle control system, the battery system and/or the cockpit When the temperature exceeds the predetermined value), the control refrigeration system starts to cool the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit until the temperature of the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit drops to the normal range or predetermined In the cooling process, the cooling of the vehicle control system, battery system, and cockpit is independently carried out, and the opening/closing of the solenoid valve on the corresponding branch can be flexibly controlled according to the actual situation, and the opening and closing of the throttle valve on the corresponding branch can be controlled flexibly. In order to reduce the flow rate of the heat exchange medium, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency.

In the cooling mode, at first the lithium bromide unit 32 is controlled to start to refrigerate; if the lithium bromide unit 32 refrigeration cannot meet the refrigeration requirements or the refrigeration speed is slow, the control refrigerator 29 is turned on for refrigeration, and the low-temperature gas produced by the refrigerator 29 passes through the refrigeration fan 33 to The cockpit is cooled and refrigerated, and the low-temperature gas generated by the refrigerator 29 enters the cooler 30 to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium, thereby cooling the vehicle control system and/or the battery system 11; when the cooling of the lithium bromide unit 32 can meet the cooling requirements , close the refrigerator 29, and only keep the lithium bromide unit 32 for circulating refrigeration.

The control method of the energy recovery system includes:

When the vehicle runs smoothly, control the electronically controlled clutch 3 to disengage, and the motor A 2 drives the wheel 1 to rotate.

When the vehicle accelerates, the high-pressure gas injection port 7 of the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 is controlled to inject air in the direction opposite to the vehicle's running direction, so as to provide thrust for the vehicle.

When the vehicle is non-emergency braking (only relying on the friction between the wheel 1 and the road surface), the electronic control clutch 3 is controlled to engage, and the motor A 2 is controlled not to work, and the wheel 1 drives the air compression pump A 5 through the motor A 2 The air is compressed and stored in the high-pressure cylinder 6, while the air compression pump A5 provides reverse resistance for the wheel 1, thereby achieving a better braking effect.

When the vehicle brakes in an emergency, control the electronic control clutch 3 to engage, and control the motor A 2 to work, the motor A 2 drives the mechanical chuck on the wheel 1 to brake the wheel, and at the same time superimposes the reverse resistance of the air compression pump A 5 to realize Vehicle braking.

When the battery system 11 is not fully charged, the electric energy from the generator 18 of the range extender is distributed to the battery system 11 to charge the battery system 11 .

When the battery system 11 is fully charged, the electric energy from the generator 18 of the range extender is distributed to the motor A2 to drive the wheel 1 to rotate.

When the battery system 11 is fully charged and the motor A 2 is not working, the electric energy from the generator 18 of the range extender is distributed to the motor B 22 to drive the air compressor B 23 to compress the air and store it in the high-pressure gas cylinder 6, Realize the conversion and storage of electric energy to potential energy.

The above examples are provided to those skilled in the art to fully disclose and describe how to make and use the claimed embodiments and not to limit the scope of the disclosure herein. Modifications obvious to those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

An extended-range electric vehicle is characterized in that: comprising:

A driving system, including a motor A as a driving motor, and a wheel coaxially connected with the motor A;

The battery system is electrically connected to the motor A and provides electric energy for the motor A;

An energy recovery system, including an electronically controlled clutch, an air compressor pump A and a high-pressure gas cylinder, wherein the air compressor pump A is connected to the motor A through an electronically controlled clutch; the high-pressure gas cylinder is connected to the air compressor pump A, and the air compressor pump A is used to compress Air and stored in high pressure cylinders;

a range extender comprising a connected micro gas turbine and a generator connected to the battery system;

Thermal management system, including: refrigeration system, heating system, heat exchange medium circulation system, refrigeration fan, and heating fan, wherein, the refrigeration system is connected with the generator, and also connected with the exhaust end of the micro gas turbine; the heating system and The exhaust end of the micro gas turbine is connected; the heat exchange medium circulation system is respectively connected with the refrigeration system and the heating system; the refrigeration fan is connected with the refrigeration system; the heating fan is connected with the heating system.
The extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the refrigeration system includes a refrigerator and a cooler, the refrigerator is connected to the generator, one end of the cooler is connected to the refrigerator, and the other end circulates with the heat exchange medium System connection, the cooling fan is connected to the refrigerator.
The range-extended electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: the refrigeration system also includes a lithium bromide unit, the lithium bromide unit includes a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber and a heat exchanger connected in a cycle, and the generator also includes It is connected with the absorber, and the heat exchanger is provided with a circulating pump; the exhaust end of the micro gas turbine is connected with the generator, the cooler is connected with the cold water outlet of the evaporator 233, and the refrigeration fan is connected with the cooler.
The extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating system includes a finned heat exchanger, and the finned heat exchanger is provided with a liquid circuit in communication with the heat exchange medium circulation system, And the gas circuit connected with the heating fan.
The extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchange medium circulation system includes a circulation pipeline, the circulation pipeline is arranged around the vehicle control system and the battery system, and the circulation pipeline and the refrigeration system The cooler is in communication with the heating system; the circulation pipeline is filled with a heat exchange medium; the circulation pipeline is provided with a heat exchange circulation pump, a solenoid valve, and a throttle valve; the heat exchange medium is selected from liquid-gas phase change substances.
The range-extended electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy recovery system also includes a motor B and an air compressor pump B, the generator of the range extender is connected to the motor B, and the motor B is connected to the air compressor pump B is connected; the air compression pump B is connected to the high-pressure gas cylinder, and the air compression pump B is used to compress air and store it in the high-pressure gas cylinder;

And/or: the energy recovery system also includes a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is arranged in the high-pressure gas cylinder, the heat exchanger is connected with the micro gas turbine, and the high-temperature tail gas discharged by the micro gas turbine is connected with the high-pressure gas cylinder through the heat exchanger. Heat exchange of compressed gas.
The extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle also includes a power divider, the power divider is connected with the battery system, motor A and motor B, and includes the following working modes:

When the battery system is not fully charged, the electric energy from the generator of the range extender is distributed to the battery system to charge the battery system;

When the battery system is fully charged, the electric energy from the generator of the range extender is distributed to the motor A to drive the wheels;

When the battery system is fully charged and motor A is not working, the electric energy from the generator of the range extender is distributed to motor B to drive the air compressor pump B to compress the air and store it in a high-pressure cylinder.
The extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle also includes an electronically controlled clutch controller, the electronically controlled clutch controller is connected to the electronically controlled clutch, and includes the following working modes:

When the vehicle is running, control the electronically controlled clutch to disengage, and the motor A drives the wheels to rotate;

When the vehicle brakes, the electronically controlled clutch is controlled to engage, and the wheels drive the air compressor A through the motor A to compress the air and store it in the high-pressure cylinder. At the same time, the air compressor A provides reverse resistance for the wheels.
The control method of an extended-range electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it includes a control method of a thermal management system and a control method of an energy recovery system;

Wherein, the control method of the thermal management system includes:

Cooling mode: When there is a cooling demand, the control refrigeration system starts to cool the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit until the temperature of the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit drops to the normal range or predetermined value;

Heating mode: When there is a heating demand, control the heating system to start, and heat the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit until the temperature of the vehicle control system, battery system and/or cockpit increases To the normal range or predetermined value;

The control method of the energy recovery system includes:

When the vehicle is running smoothly, control the electronically controlled clutch to disengage, and the motor A drives the wheels to rotate;

When the vehicle accelerates, control the high-pressure gas injection port of the high-pressure gas cylinder to spray in the direction opposite to the vehicle's driving direction to provide thrust for the vehicle;

When the vehicle is not in emergency braking, control the electronically controlled clutch to engage, and control the motor A to not work. The wheels drive the air compression pump A to compress the air through the motor A and store it in the high-pressure cylinder. At the same time, the air compression pump A provides reverse rotation for the wheels. resistance;

When the vehicle brakes in an emergency, the electronically controlled clutch is controlled to engage, and the motor A is controlled to work. The motor A drives the mechanical chuck on the wheel to brake the wheel. At the same time, the reverse resistance of the air compression pump A is superimposed to realize the vehicle brake.
The control method of the extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the control method of the energy recovery system further comprises:

When the battery system is not fully charged, the electric energy from the generator of the range extender is distributed to the battery system to charge the battery system;

When the battery system is fully charged, the electric energy from the generator of the range extender is distributed to the motor A to drive the wheels;

When the battery system is fully charged and motor A is not working, the electric energy from the generator of the range extender is distributed to motor B to drive the air compressor B to compress the air and store it in a high-pressure cylinder.