CN110667461A - Cold-storage type constant-temperature refrigerator car - Google Patents
Cold-storage type constant-temperature refrigerator car Download PDFInfo
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- CN110667461A CN110667461A CN201910964296.1A CN201910964296A CN110667461A CN 110667461 A CN110667461 A CN 110667461A CN 201910964296 A CN201910964296 A CN 201910964296A CN 110667461 A CN110667461 A CN 110667461A
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
- B60P3/20—Refrigerated goods vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3222—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the compressor driving arrangements, e.g. clutches, transmissions or multiple drives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3223—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or type of the compressor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3227—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or the type of heat exchanger, e.g. condenser, evaporator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cold storage type constant temperature refrigerator car, which comprises a refrigerator car body (100), wherein a refrigerating system and a constant temperature control system are installed on the refrigerator car body (100), and the cold storage type constant temperature refrigerator car comprises: the refrigeration system is used for refrigerating a compartment of the refrigerated vehicle body (100); and the constant temperature control system is connected with the refrigerating system and used for receiving and storing the cold energy transmitted by the refrigerating system and maintaining the temperature stability in the carriage of the refrigerator car body (100). The cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car disclosed by the invention can ensure that the temperature in the carriage is maintained in a relatively constant temperature range, improves the safety and timeliness of goods such as medical vaccines and the like in the transportation process, is favorable for promoting the wide popularization and application of the refrigerator car, and has great production and practice significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigerated trucks, in particular to a cold storage type constant temperature refrigerated truck.
Background
At present, the cold chain logistics system in China is still in the primary stage, and has great influence on the diet of people, but with the advance of numerous electronic commerce brands, the well-spraying type increase of the demand on refrigerated trucks is realized.
The refrigerator car is used as a closed van-type transport vehicle for transporting frozen or fresh-keeping goods, a refrigerating unit is arranged on the refrigerator car, and a polyurethane heat insulation van body is adopted. At present, two carriages of a refrigerator car are provided, wherein one carriage is provided with an ice bag or a cold storage plate, the refrigerator car does not have independent refrigeration, and the temperature field in the carriage is uneven; the other is a mechanical refrigeration transport vehicle with a refrigeration unit in the carriage, which increases the oil consumption of the transport vehicle, and when the vehicle stops, the cold supply for the carriage cannot be continuously carried out, the temperature of the carriage cannot be maintained, and the temperature in the carriage cannot be maintained within a relatively constant temperature range. In addition, in the process of multi-point distribution and transportation in the same city, the temperature of a carriage for placing goods is easy to fluctuate due to the loading and unloading of the common transport vehicle, and the quality of products loaded on the refrigeration vehicle can be affected.
At present, when some goods are required to be transported by a refrigerator car, the temperature in a carriage needs to be kept in a relatively constant temperature range, for example, the whole temperature of the cold chain transportation of the pharmaceutical vaccine needs to be controlled within 2-8 ℃, and the control precision is +/-2 ℃ due to the fact that a traditional compressor refrigeration system adopts a temperature difference control mode, and the requirements of the pharmaceutical vaccine transport car are difficult to meet. If the control precision is improved, the service life of the unit is seriously influenced by frequent starting and stopping of the unit in the mode, and meanwhile, the precision is difficult to ensure due to the time delay in the refrigerating process of the unit.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can ensure that the temperature in the vehicle compartment is maintained within a relatively constant temperature range, and improve the safety and timeliness of goods such as pharmaceutical vaccines during transportation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cold storage type constant temperature refrigerator car aiming at the technical defects in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides a cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car, which comprises a refrigerator car body, wherein a refrigerating system and a constant-temperature control system are installed on the refrigerator car body, and the cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car comprises:
the refrigerating system is used for refrigerating the carriage of the refrigerated vehicle body;
the constant temperature control system is connected with the refrigerating system and used for receiving and storing the cold energy transmitted by the refrigerating system and maintaining the temperature in the carriage of the refrigerated vehicle body to be stable;
the double-compressor mixed refrigeration system comprises an evaporator;
the refrigerant outlet at the right end of the top of the evaporator is respectively connected with the refrigerant inlet of the electric compressor and the refrigerant inlet of the mechanical compressor;
the refrigerant outlet of the electric compressor and the refrigerant outlet of the mechanical compressor are converged by a hollow connecting pipeline and then are connected with the refrigerant inlet at the top of the condenser;
the refrigerant outlet at the bottom of the condenser is connected with the refrigerant inlet at the right end at the bottom of the evaporator through a throttle valve.
Wherein, the mixed refrigerating system of two compressors still includes electromagnetic clutch and engine:
and the engine is used for outputting electric energy to the mechanical compressor for use through the electromagnetic clutch after being started.
The dual-compressor mixed refrigeration system also comprises a solar photovoltaic panel;
the solar photovoltaic panel is positioned on the surface of the carriage of the refrigerated vehicle body;
the solar photovoltaic panel is in conductive connection with the storage battery through the photovoltaic controller;
and the storage battery is used for storing the electric energy transmitted by the solar photovoltaic panel and supplying power to the electric compressor through the inverter.
Wherein, the constant temperature control system includes first water pump, cold-storage water tank, coil pipe formula radiator, first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve and radiator, wherein:
the cold accumulation water tank is arranged in a carriage of the refrigerated vehicle body;
glycol solution serving as secondary refrigerant is pre-stored in the cold storage water tank;
a first liquid outlet at the top of the cold accumulation water tank is communicated with a liquid inlet of the coil pipe type radiator through a first water pump;
the first liquid inlet at the upper part of the right side of the cold accumulation water tank is communicated with the liquid outlet of the coil tube type radiator;
the second liquid outlet at the lower part of the right side of the cold accumulation water tank is respectively communicated with a liquid inlet of the second water pump and a liquid inlet of the radiator;
a liquid outlet of the second water pump is communicated with a liquid inlet at the left end of the top of the evaporator;
the liquid outlet at the left end of the bottom of the evaporator is communicated with a second liquid inlet at the bottom of the cold accumulation water tank through a first electromagnetic valve;
the liquid outlet of the radiator is connected with a connecting pipeline between the first electromagnetic valve and a second liquid inlet at the bottom of the cold accumulation water tank through a second electromagnetic valve.
The refrigerator car body is provided with a solar photovoltaic panel, a tin foil composite layer, a polyurethane thermal insulation layer, a heat preservation layer and a coil pipe type radiator from outside to inside in sequence.
The carriage of the refrigerated vehicle body comprises a hollow refrigerating chamber and a hollow unloading chamber;
a door curtain or a partition plate is arranged between the refrigerating chamber and the unloading chamber;
the partition board is provided with a sealing door which can be opened and closed.
Compared with the prior art, the cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car provided by the invention can ensure that the temperature in the carriage is maintained in a relatively constant temperature range, improves the safety and timeliness of goods such as medical vaccines and the like in the transportation process, is beneficial to promoting the wide popularization and application of the refrigerator car, and has great production practice significance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the working principle of a cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a carriage structure of an embodiment of a cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car provided by the invention;
in the figure, 1, a first water pump, 2, a cold storage water tank (glycol coolant), 3, a first electromagnetic valve, 4, a coil type radiator, 5 and a second water pump;
6. a second electromagnetic valve, 7, a radiator, 8, an evaporator, 9, an electric compressor, 10 and a mechanical compressor;
11. the system comprises an inverter, 12, a storage battery, 13, a photovoltaic controller, 15 and a throttle valve;
16. a condenser 17, an electromagnetic clutch 18, an engine 14, a solar photovoltaic panel 20 and a tin foil composite layer;
21. a polyurethane heat insulation layer 22, a heat insulation layer 24 and a door curtain;
100. a refrigerator car body.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car which is suitable for long-distance transportation, is provided with a cold-storage water tank which continuously circulates, and simultaneously fully utilizes the combined action of a solar-driven refrigerating device and the traditional mechanical refrigeration in the transportation process to ensure that the temperature in a carriage can be maintained in a relatively constant temperature range.
The invention provides a cold storage type constant temperature refrigerator car, which specifically comprises a refrigerator car body 100, wherein a refrigerating system and a constant temperature control system are installed on the refrigerator car body 100, wherein:
a refrigeration system for refrigerating the compartment of the refrigerator car body 100;
and the constant temperature control system is connected with the refrigerating system and is used for receiving and storing the cold energy transmitted by the refrigerating system and maintaining the temperature in the carriage of the refrigerated vehicle body 100 to be stable.
In the present invention, in a concrete implementation, the compartment of the refrigerator car body 100 includes a hollow refrigerating compartment 101 and a discharge compartment 102;
a door curtain 24 or a partition plate is arranged between the refrigerating chamber 101 and the discharge chamber 102;
the partition plate is provided with an openable and closable sealing door (which can be mounted on the partition plate in a conventional hinge mounting manner).
It should be noted that the right side of the unloading chamber 102 has an openable car door to facilitate loading and unloading of goods.
In the invention, the double-compressor mixed refrigeration system comprises an evaporator 8;
a refrigerant outlet at the right end of the top of the evaporator 8 is respectively connected with a refrigerant inlet of the electric compressor 9 and a refrigerant inlet of the mechanical compressor 10 (through hollow connecting pipelines);
the refrigerant outlet of the electric compressor 9 and the refrigerant outlet of the mechanical compressor 10 are converged by a hollow connecting pipeline and then connected with the refrigerant inlet at the top of the condenser 16 (through the hollow connecting pipeline);
the refrigerant outlet at the bottom of the condenser 16 is connected (via a hollow connecting pipe) to the refrigerant inlet at the right end of the bottom of the evaporator 8 via a throttle valve 15.
It should be noted that the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 8 is communicated with the refrigerant inlet through a built-in heat exchange coil.
In the concrete implementation, in order to provide working electricity for the dual-compressor hybrid refrigeration system, the dual-compressor hybrid refrigeration system further comprises an electromagnetic clutch 17 and an engine 18:
and the engine 18 is used for outputting electric energy to the mechanical compressor 10 for use through the electromagnetic clutch 17 after starting.
In order to fully utilize the solar energy irradiated by the refrigerated vehicle in the transportation process, the double-compressor hybrid refrigeration system further comprises a solar photovoltaic panel 14;
the solar photovoltaic panel 14 is positioned on the surface of the compartment of the refrigerator car body 100;
the solar photovoltaic panel 14 is in conductive connection (specifically through a connecting wire) with the storage battery 12 through the photovoltaic controller 13;
and the storage battery 12 is used for storing electric energy transmitted by the solar photovoltaic panel 14 and supplying power to the electric compressor 9 through the inverter 11 (specifically through a connecting wire).
In the concrete realization, the constant temperature control system includes first water pump 1, cold-storage water tank 2, coil pipe formula radiator 4, first solenoid valve 3, second solenoid valve 6 and radiator 7, wherein:
the cold storage water tank 2 is placed in the compartment of the refrigerator car body 100 (specifically, in the refrigerating compartment 101);
glycol solution as secondary refrigerant is pre-stored in the cold storage water tank 2;
a first liquid outlet at the top of the cold accumulation water tank 2 is communicated with a liquid inlet of the coil pipe type radiator 4 through a first water pump 1;
a first liquid inlet at the upper part of the right side of the cold accumulation water tank 2 is communicated with a liquid outlet of the coil type radiator 4 (through a hollow connecting pipeline);
a second liquid outlet at the lower part of the right side of the cold accumulation water tank 2 is respectively communicated with a liquid inlet of the second water pump 5 and a liquid inlet of the radiator 7 (through a hollow connecting pipeline);
a liquid outlet of the second water pump 5 is communicated with a liquid inlet at the left end of the top of the evaporator 8 (through a hollow connecting pipeline);
a liquid outlet at the left end of the bottom of the evaporator 8 is communicated with a second liquid inlet at the bottom of the cold accumulation water tank 2 through a first electromagnetic valve 3 (through a hollow connecting pipeline);
the liquid outlet of the radiator 7 is connected with the connecting pipeline between the first electromagnetic valve 3 and the second liquid inlet at the bottom of the cold accumulation water tank 2 through the second electromagnetic valve 6.
In the invention, in a concrete implementation, the compartment of the refrigerator car body 100 is sequentially provided with a solar photovoltaic panel 14, a tin foil composite layer 20, a polyurethane thermal insulation layer 21, a thermal insulation layer 22 and a coil type radiator 4 from outside to inside. And a coil radiator 4 for maintaining a temperature in the refrigerating compartment 101 stable.
In particular, the coil radiator 4 is arranged on the top of the compartment of the refrigerator car body 100 and on the inner sides of the compartment bodies on the front side and the rear side of the compartment.
In the present invention, the door curtain 24, the refrigerating chamber, and the unloading chamber are used in cooperation with each other, so that the fluctuation in the vehicle compartment temperature of the refrigerator car body 100 can be reduced, and the quality of products such as pharmaceutical vaccines is not affected by the fluctuation in temperature caused by loading and unloading when the delivery car delivers stored goods such as pharmaceuticals.
In particular, the insulating layer 22 may be made of a material selected according to practical situations, including but not limited to glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, aerogel felt, and even vacuum panels.
In the present invention, specifically, the inverter 11 is used for the purpose of converting direct current into alternating current, the inverter 11 may include an existing unidirectional DC/DC converter and a dual-input DC/AC converter, and the inverter technology is a mature and well-known technology in the prior art.
It should be noted that, for the power switching of the dual-compressor hybrid refrigeration system of the present invention, research is mainly performed on a direct power source of the electric compressor 9, both ends of the solar photovoltaic panel 14 and the storage battery 12 may be connected with voltage and current sampling circuits, collected voltage and current signals are sent to the control unit, and an algorithm inside the control unit controls the switching tubes in the unidirectional DC/DC converter and the dual-input DC/AC converter included in the inverter 11 according to the collected signals, so as to implement switching of the following operating modes.
The solar photovoltaic panel 14 and a voltage and current sampling circuit at two ends of a storage battery 12 transmit collected voltage and current signals to a control unit, the control unit turns off a switch tube used for controlling the discharge of the storage battery in a double-input DC/AC converter included in an inverter 11 by outputting PWM signals through the operation of an internal algorithm, and the solar photovoltaic panel absorbs solar energy to generate direct current at the moment and is transmitted to an electric compressor after being converted into alternating current through the double-input DC/AC converter. And secondly, voltage and current sampling circuits at two ends of the solar photovoltaic panel and the storage battery send the collected voltage and current signals to the control unit, the control unit outputs PWM (pulse width modulation) signals to control the duty ratio of a switching tube of the double-input DC/AC converter through the operation of an internal algorithm so as to adjust the output power ratio of the solar photovoltaic panel and the storage battery, and the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery discharge cooperatively at the moment, so that the purpose of fully utilizing solar energy is achieved. And thirdly, the voltage and current sampling circuit sends the collected electric signals out of the control unit, PWM signals are output through the operation of an internal algorithm, a switch tube for controlling the discharge of the photovoltaic panel is turned off, and the storage battery supplies energy to the electric compressor independently. And fourthly, after the control unit carries out operation analysis on the voltage and current signals sent by the voltage and current sampling circuit, the control unit controls the unidirectional DC/DC converter to work in an MPPT (maximum power point tracking) mode, and at the moment, the solar photovoltaic panel charges the storage battery.
It should be noted that, the control of the refrigeration system may determine whether the storage battery is powered or not according to the magnitude relationship between the power PPV that the solar photovoltaic panel can provide and the power consumption load capacity Pload, and the storage battery SOC (remaining capacity) determines the direct power of the refrigeration system. When the solar energy is sufficient and the power provided by the solar photovoltaic panel (namely the photovoltaic array) is larger than the power required by the electric compressor, the direct power source of the electric compressor is determined according to the SOC value of the storage battery. And if the SOC of the storage battery is greater than the set upper limit value, the storage battery stops being charged by the solar photovoltaic panel, and the solar photovoltaic panel directly supplies power to the electric compressor through the double-input DC/AC converter. If the SOC of the storage battery is smaller than the set value at the moment, the photovoltaic panel charges the storage battery through the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the MPPT mode, the unidirectional DC/DC converter has 3 modes of BUCK, BOOST and turn-off, and reasonable charging of the storage battery can be achieved. When the solar energy is insufficient, namely the power provided by the photovoltaic array is smaller than the power required by the electric compressor, the starting end of the storage battery discharge circuit is determined according to the SOC value of the storage battery. If the SOC of the storage battery is larger than the set lower limit value, the storage battery is used as an auxiliary power supply to supply power with the solar photovoltaic panel (namely the photovoltaic array), and if the SOC of the storage battery is smaller than the set lower limit value, a discharging circuit of the storage battery is cut off, and the engine drives the mechanical compressor to work.
It should be noted that the control unit module is an existing control module, and in practical application, a solar controller applied to a photosynthetic silicon energy storage battery and a semi-flexible solar panel, which is produced by the seifaga photosynthetic silicon energy company in the south of Hunan, or an inverse control integrated inverter (on which the above structure and functions of the inverter are integrated) may be correspondingly adopted.
In the present invention, the solar photovoltaic panel 14 is used to absorb solar radiation, and is converted into electric energy by the photovoltaic controller 13, and then stored in the storage battery 12 for use by the refrigeration system, and when the refrigerator car is stopped, the electric compressor 9 is used for refrigeration.
The photovoltaic controller is an automatic control device used in a solar power generation system to control a multi-path solar cell matrix to charge a storage battery and the storage battery to supply power to a solar inverter load.
It should be noted that both the coil type heat sink and the shell-and-tube evaporator can be customized by Tianjin Dingtu technology Limited. The electric compressor is a compressor driven by electric power, and for example, an integral scroll machine can be used. Mechanical compressors are known compressors that are driven by an engine. Electric compressors and mechanical engines, both of which are well known and mature in the prior art.
For the double-compressor mixed refrigeration system, the working principle is as follows: in the running process of the long-distance refrigerator car, the mechanical compressor 10 is started through the engine 18 and the electromagnetic clutch 17 to maintain the running of the refrigerating system, meanwhile, the solar energy is converted into the electric energy to be stored in the storage battery 12, and when the refrigerator car 100 is stopped at night, the electric compressor 9 runs, so that the temperature in the compartment body is maintained to be stable.
For the constant temperature control system, the working principle is as follows: the whole system takes the cold accumulation water tank 2 as a constant temperature influence unit of the refrigerator car 100, takes ethylene glycol solution as secondary refrigerant, the refrigerating unit keeps refrigerating operation all the time in the whole process, the temperature of the cold accumulation water tank 2 is kept constant through the switching of the first electromagnetic valve 3 and the second electromagnetic valve 6, the control temperature precision of the cold accumulation water tank 2 is set to be +/-0.5 ℃, when the water temperature is lower than the preset lower limit of the storage temperature of goods, the refrigerating system does not need to supply cold to the cold accumulation water tank 2, the first electromagnetic valve 3 on the cold accumulation water tank 2 is closed, the second electromagnetic valve 6 on the radiator 7 is opened, the refrigerating unit and the radiator 7 form a bypass circulation, and the evaporator 8 emits redundant cold energy to the outside;
in the invention, the coil pipe type radiator 4 is connected with the cold accumulation water tank 2, and releases the cold energy of the glycol secondary refrigerant to the refrigerator compartment to maintain the temperature in the refrigerator compartment to be constant. In the running process of the refrigerator car, the electromagnetic clutch 17 is closed to drive the mechanical compressor 10 to work, the mechanical compressor 10 sucks refrigerant steam with lower pressure, the refrigerant steam is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas and sent into the condenser 16, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is forced to ventilate from the outside in the condenser 16 and is condensed into high-pressure liquid refrigerant, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator 8 in a mist shape after being throttled by the throttle valve 15, and the ambient heat is absorbed, so that the refrigerating effect is achieved. During the daytime driving of the refrigerator car, the solar photovoltaic panel 14 (i.e., photovoltaic array) absorbs external solar energy and charges the storage battery 12 through the matched photovoltaic controller 13. When the refrigerator car is stopped halfway, the battery 12 converts the stored direct current into alternating current through the inverter 11 to power the motor-driven compressor 9. The electric compressor 9 and the mechanical compressor 10 share a single refrigeration cycle.
When the water temperature exceeds the preset upper limit of the cargo storage temperature, the second electromagnetic valve 6 on the radiator 7 is closed, the first electromagnetic valve 3 on the cold accumulation water tank 2 is opened, the cold energy provided by the refrigerating unit enters the cold accumulation water tank 2, and the loss of the cold energy is supplemented, so that the temperature stability of the coil type radiator 4 in the refrigerator carriage is maintained.
Compared with the prior art, the cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the refrigerator car is suitable for long-distance transportation, the cold storage water tank of the refrigerator car continuously circulates, and meanwhile, the solar driving refrigerating device in the transportation process is fully utilized to match with the traditional mechanical refrigeration combined effect, so that the temperature in the carriage is guaranteed to be uniform and constant.
2. The compartment structure design subregion, the carriage includes walk-in and discharge room, can make the refrigerator car carriage when the goods of loading and unloading, temperature fluctuation is little to when making the delivery car distribute the product such as medicine that stores, can not cause the influence because of the temperature fluctuation that the goods of loading and unloading produced to the quality of product such as medicine bacterin.
3. The double-compressor mixed refrigeration system adopted by the invention works in a combined manner, so that the energy is saved, and the problem of no shutdown during night parking is solved.
4. The invention adopts a constant temperature control system and uses a coil type radiator to maintain the temperature in the refrigerator carriage to be stable.
Compared with the prior art, the cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car provided by the invention can ensure that the temperature in the carriage is maintained in a relatively constant temperature range, improves the safety and timeliness of goods such as medical vaccines and the like in the transportation process, is beneficial to promoting the wide popularization and application of the refrigerator car, and has great production and practice significance.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a cold-storage constant temperature refrigerator car which characterized in that, includes refrigerator car automobile body (100), installs refrigerating system and thermostatic control system on refrigerator car automobile body (100), wherein:
the refrigeration system is used for refrigerating a compartment of the refrigerated vehicle body (100);
the constant temperature control system is connected with the refrigerating system and is used for receiving and storing the cold energy transmitted by the refrigerating system and maintaining the temperature in the carriage of the refrigerated vehicle body (100) to be stable;
the dual-compressor hybrid refrigeration system comprises an evaporator (8);
a refrigerant outlet at the right end of the top of the evaporator (8) is respectively connected with a refrigerant inlet of the electric compressor (9) and a refrigerant inlet of the mechanical compressor (10);
a refrigerant outlet of the electric compressor (9) and a refrigerant outlet of the mechanical compressor (10) are converged by a hollow connecting pipeline and then are connected with a refrigerant inlet at the top of the condenser (16);
the refrigerant outlet at the bottom of the condenser (16) is connected with the refrigerant inlet at the right end of the bottom of the evaporator (8) through a throttle valve (15).
2. A cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerated vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the dual-compressor hybrid refrigeration system further comprises an electromagnetic clutch (17) and an engine (18):
and the engine (18) is used for outputting electric energy to the mechanical compressor (10) for use through the electromagnetic clutch (17) after being started.
3. A cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerated vehicle as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the dual-compressor hybrid refrigeration system further comprises a solar photovoltaic panel (14);
the solar photovoltaic panel (14) is positioned on the surface of a compartment of the refrigerated vehicle body (100);
the solar photovoltaic panel (14) is in conductive connection with the storage battery (12) through a photovoltaic controller (13);
and the storage battery (12) is used for storing the electric energy transmitted by the solar photovoltaic panel (14) and supplying power to the electric compressor (9) through the inverter (11).
4. A cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a constant-temperature control system comprising a first water pump (1), a cold-storage water tank (2), a coil radiator (4), a first solenoid valve (3), a second solenoid valve (6), and a radiator (7), wherein:
the cold accumulation water tank (2) is arranged in a compartment of the refrigerator car body (100);
glycol solution as secondary refrigerant is stored in the cold accumulation water tank (2) in advance;
a first liquid outlet at the top of the cold accumulation water tank (2) is communicated with a liquid inlet of the coil pipe type radiator (4) through a first water pump (1);
a first liquid inlet at the upper part of the right side of the cold accumulation water tank (2) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the coil type radiator (4);
a second liquid outlet at the lower part of the right side of the cold accumulation water tank (2) is respectively communicated with a liquid inlet of a second water pump (5) and a liquid inlet of a radiator (7);
a liquid outlet of the second water pump (5) is communicated with a liquid inlet at the left end of the top of the evaporator (8);
a liquid outlet at the left end of the bottom of the evaporator (8) is communicated with a second liquid inlet at the bottom of the cold accumulation water tank (2) through a first electromagnetic valve (3);
the liquid outlet of the radiator (7) is connected with a connecting pipeline between the first electromagnetic valve (3) and a second liquid inlet at the bottom of the cold accumulation water tank (2) through a second electromagnetic valve (6).
5. A cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerator car as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the solar photovoltaic panel (14), the tin foil composite layer (20), the polyurethane thermal insulation layer (21), the thermal insulation layer (22) and the coil type radiator (4) are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside of the car body (100) of the refrigerator car.
6. A cold-storage constant-temperature refrigerated vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the compartment of the refrigerated vehicle body (100) comprises a hollow refrigerated compartment (101) and a discharge compartment (102);
a door curtain (24) or a partition plate is arranged between the refrigerating chamber (101) and the goods unloading chamber (102);
the partition board is provided with a sealing door which can be opened and closed.
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| CN201910964296.1A CN110667461A (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | Cold-storage type constant-temperature refrigerator car |
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| CN201910964296.1A CN110667461A (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | Cold-storage type constant-temperature refrigerator car |
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| CN113115812A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-16 | 天津市农业科学院 | Pre-and post-harvest synergistic anticorrosion intervention fresh-keeping method for flat peach |
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| CN115111828A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-09-27 | 东南大学 | Time-sharing overlapping refrigeration double-temperature cold-chain logistics vehicle based on vehicle-mounted photovoltaic and cold accumulation |
| WO2023229558A3 (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-12-28 | Atc Mekatroni̇k Uluslararasi Diş Ti̇caret Ve Sanayi̇ Li̇mi̇ted Şi̇rketi̇ | Environmentally friendly cooling system improved for carrier vehicles |
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